CN112868945A - Universal feed for sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphtra nubilalis and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Universal feed for sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphtra nubilalis and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112868945A
CN112868945A CN202110220003.6A CN202110220003A CN112868945A CN 112868945 A CN112868945 A CN 112868945A CN 202110220003 A CN202110220003 A CN 202110220003A CN 112868945 A CN112868945 A CN 112868945A
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powder
feed
sugarcane
larvae
striped rice
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CN112868945B (en
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魏吉利
潘雪红
商显坤
黄诚华
马永林
高学花
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract

The invention discloses a general feed for sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphtra nubilalis and a preparation method thereof, the general feed comprises agar powder, fresh sweet corn kernels, sugarcane stem powder, casein, whole egg powder, yeast powder, sucrose, cholesterol, sodium chloride, ascorbic acid, methyl paraben, sorbic acid, multi-vitamin tablets, 40% v/v formaldehyde and distilled water, and the formula components of 1-3-year-old larvae and larvae of more than 3 years old are prepared respectively in different proportions, so that the general feed is beneficial to the growth needs of the larvae and the requirements of pupation, eclosion, oviposition and other characteristics, and can better meet the nutritional requirements of the insects and the growth and development of the insects. And the whole preparation process of the universal feed is simple to operate, convenient to obtain materials, economical and applicable.

Description

Universal feed for sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphtra nubilalis and preparation method thereof
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of insect feeding, in particular to a general feed for sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphtra medinalis and a preparation method thereof.
[ background of the invention ]
Sugarcane striped rice borer (Chilo saccharagus Bjojer) belongs to lepidoptera snout moth-larva, is one of the most serious common pests on sugarcane, causes great economic loss to the sugar industry of China every year, is mainly distributed in provinces such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Hainan, Fujian, Sichuan, Jiangxi and the like, and can be harmful to crops such as sorghum, corn and the like besides sugarcane.
Diaphania nubilalis (Chilo infusascateus Snellen), also known as Sesamia pomifera, belongs to the Lepidoptera (Lepidotera) family of Bombycidae (Pyralidae). The Diaphlla furnacalis is widely distributed, occurs in India, Pakistan, Burmese, Philippines and all areas where sugarcane is planted in China, and larvae of Diaphlla furnacalis are relatively impure in feeding property, mainly harm sugarcane in south, harm millet in north, and harm sorghum, wild rice stems, barnyard grass, green bristlegrass, vetiver grass, tare grass and other plants.
The sugarcane striped rice borers and the Diaphtra medinalis are main pests in sugarcane production in China, and the sugarcane is damaged in the whole growth period from the seedling stage to the mature stage. In the sugarcane seedling stage, the larvae of the Diatra cruller invade the growing points of sugarcane seedlings to cause dead centers, which affects the establishment of the initial tiller number of the sugarcane, leads to the reduction of effective stems and reduces the yield of the sugarcane stems. In the elongation stage of the sugarcane, larvae of the Diaphlus nubilalis invade cane stem internodes to form borer moth-eaten nodes, so that mechanical damage to cane stems is caused if the larvae of the Diaphlus nubilalis invade cane stem internodes, lateral buds of the cane stems germinate or tips die if the larvae of the cane stems are heavy, normal growth and development of the sugarcane and sugar accumulation are influenced, and the yield, the sugar content and the quality of sugarcane juice of the sugarcane are reduced.
In the comprehensive prevention and control of sugarcane borers, the development of novel pesticides and the utilization of pheromones and transgenic sugarcane play important roles, but the biological assay of the technology needs a large amount of sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphtra borers with consistent development duration, and the only method for obtaining the insect to be tested is large-scale artificial feeding.
At present, more indoor sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphlus pyralis are bred, natural host sugarcane plants are used, and large-scale breeding is difficult to realize; although the artificial feeding of the sugarcane borers is researched at home and abroad at present, the problems of low survival rate of larvae, low hatching rate and low egg laying rate and the like still exist, and the feeding scale and efficiency of the sugarcane borers and the chilo suppressalis are directly influenced. For example, patent application No. cn201511006336.x, published as 20160420, discloses a method for raising sugarcane dibbler, which takes corn cob as feed to raise, and the survival rate of larvae is 42.72%. The invention patent with the application number of CN201811455306.0, published Japanese 20190205, discloses an artificial indoor breeding method for sugarcane Dianthus parasiticus, and discloses that cane Dianthus parasiticus is bred by adopting cane shoots, so that the survival rate of larvae is improved, but the survival rate can only reach 58%. The problem of low survival rate of larvae still exists.
Therefore, workers research on formula feeding, for example, patent invention of application No. CN201510258025, and disclose a feed for feeding sugarcane striped rice borers and a preparation method thereof, wherein the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 770 parts of 750-fold sand-broken water, 36-40 parts of yeast extract powder, 28-32 parts of casein, 13-17 parts of agar, 0.4-0.5 part of potassium hydroxide, 3.5-4.0 parts of ascorbic acid, 0.25-0.35 part of multi-vitamin tablets, 13-17 parts of cane sugar, 6-8 parts of wheat bran, 8.5-11.5 parts of corn flour, 118 parts of cane stem powder 113-broken sand and 0-4.4 parts of preservative. For example, the invention patent with the application number of CN201710843705, published japanese 20180105, discloses an artificial feed for the stem borer and a preparation method thereof, the artificial feed for the stem borer consists of more than 10 raw materials of wheat germ powder, yeast powder, casein, sugarcane tip powder, choline chloride, distilled water and the like, a feeding method of early-stage corn and later-stage formula feed is adopted, although the survival rate of larvae is improved to a certain extent, the problem of different nutritional requirements of larvae in different ages is not fundamentally solved, the feeding rate of larvae is low, the survival rate and the eclosion rate still need to be improved, so that the research on the general feed capable of feeding the stem borer and the stem borer in a large scale and with high efficiency is imperative.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a general feed for sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphtra incertulas, which is beneficial to the growth needs of larvae and the requirements of pupation, eclosion, oviposition and other characteristics, and can further meet the requirements of insects on nutrition and the growth and development of insects.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a general feed for sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphlus nubilalis comprises feeds for 1-3 instars of larvae and feeds for more than 3 instars of larvae, and is prepared from the following raw materials in proportion:
1-3 instar larva:
15.0-17.0 g of agar powder, 230.0-250.0 g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 40.0-50.0 g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.0-15.0 g of casein, 10.0-15.0 g of whole egg powder, 20.0-25.0 g of yeast powder, 10.0-15.0 g of cane sugar, 0.2-0.3 g of cholesterol, 0.2-0.3 g of sodium chloride, 1.0-2.0 g of ascorbic acid, 1.5-2.0 g of methyl paraben, 1.5-2.0 g of sorbic acid, 1.0-2.0 g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.3-1.0 ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 700-900 ml of distilled water;
larvae of over 3 instars:
15.0-17.0 g of agar powder, 110.0-130.0 g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 90-100 g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.0-15.0 g of casein, 10.0-15.0 g of whole egg powder, 20.0-25.0 g of yeast powder, 20.0-30.0 g of cane sugar, 0.2-0.3 g of cholesterol, 0.2-0.3 g of sodium chloride, 1.0-2.0 g of ascorbic acid, 1.5-2.0 g of nipagin methyl ester, 1.50-2.0 g of sorbic acid, 1.0-2.0 g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.3-1.0 ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 700-900 ml of distilled water.
The feed for 1-3 instar larvae and the feed for larvae above 3 instar larvae are prepared respectively according to the principle that the larvae of striped rice borers and striped rice borers initially hatched in natural environment of the field eat sugarcane heart leaves and tender tissues, the fiber and sugar content of the parts are low, the larvae grow to be larger and then eat sugarcane stems, and the fiber and sugar content of the stems are high, so that the fiber and sugar content are properly increased or reduced according to the requirements of the instar during the preparation of the artificial formula feed, and the nutritional requirements of the larvae of the instar are more easily met.
The feed for 1-3 instar larvae is added with fresh sweet corn kernels with high proportion, so that feeding of the larvae can be promoted, and the survival rate is improved; and the feed for the larvae of more than 3 years old has large food intake, high growth speed and high nutritional requirement, so the feed reduces the proportion of fresh sweet corn kernels, improves the proportion of sugarcane stem powder and the like, can promote the growth of the larvae, and improves the eclosion rate and egg laying amount.
Preferably, the feed for the 1-3 instar larvae and the feed for the larvae with the instar more than 3 instar larvae are respectively prepared from the following raw materials in proportion:
1-3 instar larva:
16.5g of agar powder, 240.0g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 42.5g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.3g of casein, 11.5g of whole egg powder, 20.6g of yeast powder, 12.4g of cane sugar, 0.24g of cholesterol, 0.25g of sodium chloride, 1.25g of ascorbic acid, 1.61g of methyl paraben, 1.65g of sorbic acid, 1.22g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.5ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 800ml of distilled water;
larvae of over 3 instars:
16.5g of agar powder, 120.0g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 95.5g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.3g of casein, 11.5g of whole egg powder, 20.6g of yeast powder, 25.4g of cane sugar, 0.24g of cholesterol, 0.25g of sodium chloride, 1.25g of ascorbic acid, 1.61g of methyl paraben, 1.65g of sorbic acid, 1.22g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.5ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 800ml of distilled water.
Also provides a preparation method of the general feed for the sugarcane striped rice borers and the chilo suppressalis, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing sugarcane stem powder: peeling the sugarcane stalks, slicing, baking and pulverizing into powder to obtain the sugarcane stalk powder for later use.
2) Preparing corn steep liquor: pulping fresh sweet corn kernels to prepare corn steep liquor for later use.
3) Dissolving cholesterol, choline chloride, sodium oxide, ascorbic acid, methyl paraben and sorbic acid in a small amount of distilled water to obtain a mixture for later use, and grinding the multi-vitamin tablets into powder for later use.
4) And (3) weighing the sugarcane stem powder, casein, whole egg powder, yeast powder and sucrose, adding into the corn steep liquor obtained in the step 2), uniformly stirring, and heating and boiling to obtain mixed slurry.
5) Weighing agar powder, adding the rest distilled water, heating until the agar is completely melted, and quickly pouring the agar into the mixed slurry obtained in the step 4) to be uniformly stirred.
6) And (3) cooling the material obtained in the step 5) to 60 ℃, then adding the mixture obtained in the step 3) and the multi-dimensional element powder, then adding 40% v/v formaldehyde, uniformly stirring, pouring into a ceramic plate, cooling and shaping to obtain the universal feed.
7) Cutting the general feed into blocks, subpackaging in sterilized sealed bags, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ for later use.
Preferably, in step 1), said sugar cane is selected from neotame No. 22.
Preferably, the sugarcane stalks are cut down and peeled, cut into segments, longitudinally cut into slices, and then baked for 48-72 hours at the temperature of 75-85 ℃.
Preferably, the flakes are spread on a ceramic plate, which is then baked in a constant temperature oven at 80 ℃ for 72 hours.
Preferably, in the step 2), the fresh sweet corn kernels are placed into a pulping machine and are pulped for 1-2 min to prepare corn steep liquor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the feed for the striped rice borers and the striped rice borers is a common feed for the two main pests of the canes, so that the cost and the labor for feeding the two pests to prepare the feed respectively are saved.
2. The ingredients of the general feed for the sugarcane striped rice borers and the Diaphtra medinalis are combined and prepared by referring to the nutritional ingredients required by the sugarcane striped rice borers and the Diaphtra medinalis, so that the feed is beneficial to the growth needs of larvae and the needs of pupation, eclosion, oviposition and other characteristics; fresh sweet corn kernels are used, and the nutrition is higher than that of corn dry powder, so that larvae are attracted to eat; the whole egg powder is added, so that the nutritional value of the ingredient is higher, the requirement of the insects on nutrition can be met, and the growth and development of the insects are facilitated.
3. The general feed for the sugarcane striped rice borers and the Diatra medinalis is beneficial to the growth needs of larvae and the needs of pupation, eclosion, oviposition and other characteristics; the feeding of larvae can be promoted by adding fresh sweet corn kernels with high proportion at 1-3 instars, and the survival rate is improved; and the larvae after 3 years old have large food intake, high growth speed and high nutritional requirement, so the proportion of fresh sweet corn kernels is reduced, the proportion of sugarcane stem powder and the like is improved, the growth of the larvae can be promoted, and the eclosion rate and egg laying amount are improved. In the invention patent of CN201710843705, corn is fed first and then artificial feed is fed, the nutrition supply of larvae in the early stage is insufficient, and the artificial feed (without fresh corn kernels) is directly added in the later stage, so that the larvae easily generate over-excitation reaction, the feed intake is low, the growth of the larvae is not facilitated, and the survival rate, the eclosion rate and the egg laying amount of the larvae are directly influenced. In the invention patent of CN201510258025, although the whole larva stage is fed with the formula feed, the feed has high fiber content, which affects the feeding of the small insects, and the corn dry powder has no fresh corn grains to attract the larva, thereby affecting the requirement of the larva on nutrition, and further affecting the survival rate, the eclosion rate and the egg laying amount of the larva.
4. The preparation process of the feed is simple in operation and convenient in material taking.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
a general feed for sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphlus nubilalis comprises feeds for 1-3 instars of larvae and feeds for more than 3 instars of larvae, and is prepared from the following raw materials in proportion:
1-3 instar larva:
15.0g of agar powder, 250.0g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 42.0g of sugarcane stem powder, 11.0g of casein, 10.0g of whole egg powder, 22.0g of yeast powder, 14.0g of cane sugar, 0.3g of cholesterol, 0.2g of sodium chloride, 2.0g of ascorbic acid, 1.5g of methylparaben, 1.5g of sorbic acid, 1.0g of multi-vitamin tablets, 1.0ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 900ml of distilled water.
Larvae of over 3 instars:
17.0g of agar powder, 130.0g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 100g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.0g of casein, 12.0g of whole egg powder, 20.0g of yeast powder, 30.0g of cane sugar, 0.3g of cholesterol, 0.2g of sodium chloride, 2.0g of ascorbic acid, 1.5g of methylparaben, 1.5g of sorbic acid, 1.0g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.3ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 900ml of distilled water.
Example 2:
a general feed for sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphlus nubilalis comprises feeds for 1-3 instars of larvae and feeds for more than 3 instars of larvae, and is prepared from the following raw materials in proportion:
1-3 instar larva:
16.0g of agar powder, 230.0g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 43.0g of sugarcane stem powder, 11.0g of casein, 12.0g of whole egg powder, 20.0g of yeast powder, 15.0g of cane sugar, 0.2g of cholesterol, 0.3g of sodium chloride, 1.0g of ascorbic acid, 2.0g of methylparaben, 2.0g of sorbic acid, 2.0g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.3ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 700ml of distilled water.
Larvae of over 3 instars:
15.0g of agar powder, 110.0g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 95g of sugarcane stem powder, 12.0g of casein, 10.0g of whole egg powder, 25.0g of yeast powder, 24.0g of cane sugar, 0.2g of cholesterol, 0.3g of sodium chloride, 1.0g of ascorbic acid, 2.0g of methylparaben, 2.0g of sorbic acid, 2.0g of multi-vitamin tablets, 1.0ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 700ml of distilled water.
Example 3:
a general feed for sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphlus nubilalis comprises feeds for 1-3 instars of larvae and feeds for more than 3 instars of larvae, and is prepared from the following raw materials in proportion:
1-3 instar larva:
16.5g of agar powder, 240.0g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 42.5g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.3g of casein, 11.5g of whole egg powder, 20.6g of yeast powder, 14.4g of cane sugar, 0.24g of cholesterol, 0.25g of sodium chloride, 1.25g of ascorbic acid, 1.61g of methyl paraben, 1.65g of sorbic acid, 1.22g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.5ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 800ml of distilled water;
larvae of over 3 instars:
16.5g of agar powder, 120.0g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 95.5g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.3g of casein, 11.5g of whole egg powder, 20.6g of yeast powder, 25.4g of cane sugar, 0.24g of cholesterol, 0.25g of sodium chloride, 1.25g of ascorbic acid, 1.61g of methyl paraben, 1.65g of sorbic acid, 1.22g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.5ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 800ml of distilled water.
Example 4
The preparation method of the general feed for the sugarcane striped rice borers and the chilo suppressalis is prepared according to the formula of example 3, and the general feed for the 1-3 instar larvae and the larvae above 3 instar larvae is prepared respectively, and comprises the following steps:
1) preparing sugarcane stem powder: selecting fresh sugarcane No. 22, cutting down the stems of the sugarcane, peeling, cutting into sections, longitudinally cutting the sections into slices, spreading the slices in a ceramic plate, then placing the ceramic plate in a constant-temperature drying oven for baking at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 72 hours, and finally grinding into powder to obtain the sugarcane stem powder for later use.
2) Preparing corn steep liquor: threshing fresh sweet corn cobs purchased in the market, weighing corn kernels, pouring the corn kernels into a juicer, adding 470ml of distilled water into the juicer, beating for 1 minute after starting up, beating into corn steep liquor, and pouring the corn steep liquor into a pot for later use.
3) The preparation method comprises the steps of weighing cholesterol, choline chloride, sodium oxide, ascorbic acid, methyl paraben and sorbic acid, adding the weighed materials into a small beaker, adding 30ml of distilled water into the beaker, uniformly stirring the materials for later use, grinding the multi-vitamin tablets into powder in a mortar, and weighing the powder for later use.
4) Weighing sugarcane stem powder, casein, whole egg powder, yeast powder and sucrose, adding into the pot containing corn steep liquor in 2), uniformly stirring, putting the pot on an induction cooker (1000W), boiling until the pot is slightly opened, taking down, and continuously stirring during boiling to prevent the pot from being burnt to obtain mixed slurry;
5) weighing agar powder, putting the agar powder into another small pot, adding 300ml of distilled water, putting the small pot on an induction cooker, boiling until the agar is completely melted, and quickly pouring the agar powder into the mixed slurry in the step 4) to be uniformly stirred.
6) And (3) cooling the material obtained in the step 5) to 60 ℃, then adding the mixture obtained in the step 3) and the multi-dimensional element powder, then adding 40% v/v formaldehyde, uniformly stirring, pouring into a ceramic plate, cooling and shaping to obtain the universal feed.
7) Cutting the general feed into blocks, subpackaging in sterilized sealed bags, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ for later use.
Experimental example:
1.1 insect source:
overwintering generation sugarcane striped rice borers and Diaphlus larva aged larvae are collected in sugarcane areas seriously harmed by Chongxi city in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region and are brought back to the room for feeding. And (3) feeding the larvae in an insect box by using corn cobs, eclosion and free mating in an insect feeding cage after pupation, laying eggs on sugarcane leaves, breeding the larvae after egg masses are hatched, and feeding for 2 generations for later use.
The instrument comprises the following steps: RXZ-280B intelligent artificial climate box, set temperature at 26 + -1 deg.C, humidity at 75 + -5%, light cycle at 16L: 8D, illumination intensity at 9000lx, and produced by Ningbo south China instrument factory.
1.2 experimental groups:
experimental example 1 the general feeds for 1-3 rd and above 3 rd larvae prepared in example 4 were used to feed sugarcane striped rice borers.
Experimental example 2 Onchocellatus was bred using the general feeds for 1-3 rd and above 3 rd larvae prepared in example 4.
Comparative example 1-1 the sugarcane striped rice borers were bred using fresh corn.
Comparative examples 1-2 the Diatra nubilalis was raised using fresh corn.
Comparative example 2-1 the general feed formulation prepared in example 4 was fed to sugarcane borer, with corn flour replacing fresh sweet corn kernels, and other formulations and formulation methods being the same.
Comparative examples 2-2 the general feed formulation prepared in example 4 was used to replace fresh sweet corn kernels with corn meal, and the formula and formulation were otherwise the same, followed by rearing of Diatra nubilalis.
Comparative example 3 the feed for 1-3 instar larvae prepared in example 4 was used to feed sugarcane striped rice borers.
Comparative example 4 the feed for larvae of over 3 rd instar prepared in example 4 was used to feed sugarcane striped rice borers.
The larvae of the comparative example 51 to 3 years old are bred by fresh corn, and the larvae of more than 3 years old are bred by artificial feed for chilo suppressalis. The artificial feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: wheat germ powder: 4.5 percent; yeast powder: 3 percent; casein: 1.5 percent; sucrose: 1.5 percent; sugarcane tip powder: 14.5 percent; agar powder: 1.75 percent; ascorbic acid: 0.45 percent; cholesterol: 0.03 percent; choline chloride: 0.045%; sorbic acid: 0.15 percent; methyl paraben: 0.15 percent; 40% of formaldehyde: 0.1 percent; 21, gold vitamin powder: 0.15 percent; distilled water: and (4) the balance.
1.3 Experimental methods:
the feed of the above groups is adopted to carry out feeding in the same feeding environment. Each group was repeated 3 times, 30 replicates each. When the larvae are raised indoors to the 2 nd generation, the main life parameters of each insect state are measured, and the pupal weight, the hatching rate, the larva survival rate, the pupation rate, the eclosion rate, the single-female egg laying amount (granules) and the like are recorded.
The specific feeding method comprises the following steps:
s1, egg block disinfection: and (4) cutting off egg masses of the black heads of the sugarcane striped rice borers or the chilo suppressalis, and disinfecting for later use.
S2, larva breeding: putting the disinfected egg masses into a culture dish, replacing a single tube, and feeding with feed.
S3, pupa treatment: the pupa is collected the back and is put in the culture dish that has spread 4 ~ 8 layers of wet aseptic gauze and have wet aseptic cotton ball to put into the insect feeding box with the culture dish, observe every day and moisturize, look over whether the pupa eclosion, collect the adult with the test tube after the eclosion.
S4, pairing adults for oviposition: and (3) after adult insects are collected, carrying out male-female pairing, wherein the male-female ratio is 1: 1, placing the eggs in spawning bottles after pairing, placing 2 pairs of adults in each bottle, observing the eggs of adults every day, taking out egg blocks when the eggs exist, and placing new sugarcane leaves to enable the adults to continuously spawn.
S5, circulating feeding: and (4) taking out the egg mass, putting one end of the leaf into a water culture dish, putting the leaf into an insect box, observing the egg mass every day, taking out the egg mass after the egg mass becomes black, and repeating the operation of the steps S1-S4 to continue feeding.
1.4 results of the experiment
See tables 1 and 2 below.
TABLE 1 Breeding of sugarcane striped rice borer each vital parameter
Figure BDA0002954417750000081
TABLE 2 raising of sugarcane Diaphtra nubilalis for each vital parameter
Figure BDA0002954417750000082
1.5 analysis of results:
1. from the examples 1 and 2, the general feed for the sugarcane striped rice borers and the Diaphtra medinalis which are fed by the invention has the advantages that the survival rate, the hatching rate and the emergence rate are all over 90 percent, the pupation rate is over 85 percent, the egg laying amount of a single female is over 300, and the pupation weight is heavier relative to a comparative example, so that the formula can completely meet the requirement of indoor feeding of the sugarcane striped rice borers and the Diaphtra medinalis, the survival rate and the reproduction rate are both higher, and a large number of test insects with good growth and development can be obtained in a short period.
2. As can be seen from example 1 and comparative examples 1 and 2, compared with the natural feed for fresh corn feeding, the universal feed of the invention not only does not need to be frequently replaced, but also can provide diversified nutritional ingredients, promote the growth of larvae, improve the survival rate of larvae, pupation rate and the like. Compared with the general feed added with corn flour, the corn flour feed added with the fresh corn kernels has higher nutrition than the corn flour, attracts larvae to eat, and can further improve the survival rate and pupation rate of the larvae.
3. As can be seen from example 1 and comparative examples 3 and 4, only 1-3 instar larva feed is adopted, the supply of nutrition requirement at the later stage is insufficient, the pupation rate and the eclosion rate are reduced, and the egg laying amount of single female is reduced. The larva is fed by adopting the feed for more than 3-year-old larvae, the fiber content and the sugar content are high, the feeding of the larvae which are hatched for the first time is not facilitated, the overexcitation reaction is easily caused to the larvae, the feeding amount at the early stage is insufficient, the survival rate and the hatching rate of the larvae are reduced, and the growth of the larvae at the later stage is directly influenced.
4. It can be seen from example 2 and comparative example 5 that the problem of inappropriate early larvae is solved by separately feeding fresh corn and artificial feed, but the early nutrition supplement is insufficient, and the later larvae directly eat the artificial feed without fresh corn kernels, so that the food intake is insufficient, and the survival rate, the eclosion rate and the single-female egg laying amount (kernels) are directly influenced.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a general feed of sugarcane striped rice borer and dibble moth which characterized in that: comprises feed for 1-3 instar larvae and feed for larvae above 3 instar, which are respectively prepared from the following raw materials in proportion:
1-3 instar larva:
15.0-17.0 g of agar powder, 230.0-250.0 g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 40.0-50.0 g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.0-15.0 g of casein, 10.0-15.0 g of whole egg powder, 20.0-25.0 g of yeast powder, 10.0-15.0 g of cane sugar, 0.2-0.3 g of cholesterol, 0.2-0.3 g of sodium chloride, 1.0-2.0 g of ascorbic acid, 1.5-2.0 g of methyl paraben, 1.5-2.0 g of sorbic acid, 1.0-2.0 g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.3-1.0 ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 700-900 ml of distilled water;
larvae of over 3 instars:
15.0-17.0 g of agar powder, 110.0-130.0 g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 90-100 g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.0-15.0 g of casein, 10.0-15.0 g of whole egg powder, 20.0-25.0 g of yeast powder, 20.0-30.0 g of cane sugar, 0.2-0.3 g of cholesterol, 0.2-0.3 g of sodium chloride, 1.0-2.0 g of ascorbic acid, 1.5-2.0 g of nipagin methyl ester, 1.50-2.0 g of sorbic acid, 1.0-2.0 g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.3-1.0 ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 700-900 ml of distilled water.
2. The universal feed for the sugarcane striped rice borers and the Diatra borers according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the feed for the 1-3 instar larvae and the feed for the larvae more than 3 instar larvae are prepared from the following raw materials in proportion:
1-3 instar larva:
16.5g of agar powder, 240.0g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 42.5g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.3g of casein, 11.5g of whole egg powder, 20.6g of yeast powder, 12.4g of cane sugar, 0.24g of cholesterol, 0.25g of sodium chloride, 1.25g of ascorbic acid, 1.61g of methyl paraben, 1.65g of sorbic acid, 1.22g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.5ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 800ml of distilled water;
larvae of over 3 instars:
16.5g of agar powder, 120.0g of fresh sweet corn kernels, 95.5g of sugarcane stem powder, 10.3g of casein, 11.5g of whole egg powder, 20.6g of yeast powder, 25.4g of cane sugar, 0.24g of cholesterol, 0.25g of sodium chloride, 1.25g of ascorbic acid, 1.61g of methyl paraben, 1.65g of sorbic acid, 1.22g of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.5ml of 40% v/v formaldehyde and 800ml of distilled water.
3. A method for preparing a feed for the common use of sugarcane borers and chilo suppressalis according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing sugarcane stem powder: peeling sugarcane stems, slicing, baking and pulverizing into powder to obtain sugarcane stem powder for later use;
2) preparing corn steep liquor: pulping fresh sweet corn kernels to prepare corn steep liquor for later use;
3) dissolving cholesterol, choline chloride, sodium oxide, ascorbic acid, methyl paraben and sorbic acid in a small amount of distilled water to obtain a mixture for later use, and grinding the multi-vitamin tablets into powder for later use;
4) weighing sugarcane stem powder, casein, whole egg powder, yeast powder and sucrose, adding into the corn steep liquor obtained in the step 2), uniformly stirring, and heating and boiling to obtain mixed slurry;
5) weighing agar powder, adding the rest distilled water, heating until the agar is completely melted, and quickly pouring the agar into the mixed slurry obtained in the step 4) to be uniformly stirred;
6) cooling the material obtained in the step 5) to 60 ℃, then adding the mixture obtained in the step 3) and the multi-dimensional element powder, adding 40% v/v formaldehyde, stirring uniformly, pouring into a ceramic plate, cooling and shaping to obtain a universal feed;
7) cutting the general feed into blocks, subpackaging in sterilized sealed bags, and refrigerating at 4 ℃ for later use.
4. The preparation method of the feed for the common feed for the striped rice borers and the striped rice borers according to the claim 3, which is characterized in that: in the step 1), the sugarcane is selected from New Tabane No. 22.
5. The preparation method of the feed for the common feed for the striped rice borers and the striped rice borers according to the claim 3, which is characterized in that: the sugarcane stalks are cut down and peeled, cut into sections, longitudinally cut into thin pieces, and then baked for 48-72 hours at the temperature of 75-85 ℃.
6. The preparation method of the feed for the common feed for the striped rice borers and the striped rice borers according to the claim 5, which is characterized in that: the flakes were spread on a ceramic dish, which was then baked in a constant temperature oven at 80 ℃ for 72 hours.
7. The preparation method of the feed for the common feed for the striped rice borers and the striped rice borers according to the claim 3, which is characterized in that: in the step 2), putting fresh sweet corn kernels into a pulping machine, and pulping for 1-2 min to prepare corn steep liquor.
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