CN112852549A - Method for extracting plant hydrolat by using double auxiliary agents - Google Patents
Method for extracting plant hydrolat by using double auxiliary agents Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 26
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 240000009206 Hemerocallis fulva Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000002941 Hemerocallis fulva Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
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- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XGEGHDBEHXKFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylthiourea Natural products CNC(N)=O XGEGHDBEHXKFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
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- DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-DUHBMQHGSA-N galactaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-DUHBMQHGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000003815 supercritical carbon dioxide extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 241000109329 Rosa xanthina Species 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
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- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 2
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- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-KXUCPTDWSA-N (-)-Menthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-KXUCPTDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004275 glycolic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/027—Recovery of volatiles by distillation or stripping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/0003—Compounds of unspecified constitution defined by the chemical reaction for their preparation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting plant hydrolat by using double auxiliary agents, which is characterized in that aromatic plants are used as raw materials, an extracting solution prepared from the double auxiliary agents used for extraction and water is uniformly stirred and soaked, then the mixture is distilled, and the hydrolat is collected. The invention does not use a preparation method of deep eutectic crystal, but directly and respectively puts the material A and the material B into the water phase to form the deep eutectic crystal, and also has the extracting solution of double assistants, thereby simplifying the engineering steps and improving the extracting efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention combines the green and environment-friendly deep eutectic solvent with the traditional distillation technology, is simple to operate and low in cost, and improves the quality of the hydrolat and the efficiency of hydrolat extraction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the extraction efficiency of hydrolat by using double auxiliaries and combining with a traditional hydrolat extraction method, belonging to the technical field of chemical extraction.
Background
Hydrolat, which generally refers to the by-products produced during distillation of the leaves, flowers, bark, rhizomes, seeds and pericarps of aromatic plants, is rich in water-soluble components and trace essential oils. The hydrolat of various plants has different efficacies, such as antibiosis, antiphlogosis, antioxidation, whitening and the like. The pure rose dew is prepared by putting fresh rose flower into a distillation retort, and performing oil-water separation, and has the functions of supplementing water, moisturizing, quickly diminishing inflammation, resisting allergy, relieving itching, delaying aging, etc. by dissolving the pure rose dew in water. Chinese patent application No. CN105326691A discloses a spray prepared from folium Artemisiae Argyi hydrolat, which has broad-spectrum bactericidal, antiallergic, antiinflammatory and antipruritic effects, and also has effects of slowing down skin aging, promoting skin blood circulation, replenishing water, keeping moisture, and refreshing brain. Chinese patent application publication No. CN103735466A discloses a gargle prepared from pure liquid of galangal, which has the effects of deodorizing, inhibiting bacteria, refreshing, and relieving vomit. The hydrolat is popular with more and more consumers due to a plurality of effects, and is widely applied to daily chemical products, foods, medicines, fragrant products and other products. Distillation is a common separation technique using water as a medium. It is very necessary to improve the extraction efficiency of the hydrolat.
The deep eutectic solvent is a novel solvent prepared by heating a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor, and is characterized in that the melting point is obviously lower than that of any component of the deep eutectic solvent. The deep eutectic solvent and the extraction raw material have stronger intermolecular force, and the extraction efficiency is improved. The deep eutectic solvent literature (J.Agric.food chem.2017,65, 3591-. Patent CN111171095A discloses a method for extracting flavone disaccharide carbon glycoside from combed bone, wherein the method comprises forming deep eutectic with choline chloride and any one selected from 1, 3-propylene glycol, levulinic acid, glycolic acid and DL-lactic acid at a molar ratio of 1: 1-3. CN111116443A discloses a method for extracting carotenoid by mixing hydrogen bond acceptors (choline chloride, DL-menthol) and hydrogen bond donors (tartaric acid, lactic acid, gluconic acid) at 80-90 deg.C according to a certain proportion to obtain natural deep eutectic solvent. The preparation of deep eutectic solvents is a prerequisite.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the deep eutectic solvent is adopted for extraction, the dosage of the deep eutectic is large, and the deep eutectic is prepared in advance.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a double auxiliary agent for extraction, which is characterized by comprising an A component and a B component, wherein the A component comprises at least one of choline chloride and betaine, and the B component comprises at least one of natural acids, amines, alcohols and sugars.
Preferably, the natural acid is citric acid, and at least one of malic acid, tartaric acid, malonic acid, mucic acid, amino acid and the like is derived from natural acid; the amine is at least one of organic amines such as urea and methylurea; the alcohol is at least one of ethylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, sorbitol and glycerol; the saccharide is at least one of monosaccharide, disaccharide and polysaccharide.
More preferably, the monosaccharide is at least one of maltose and sorbose.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 0.1-10.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the A component to the B component is 1: 0.5-5.
The invention also provides a method for extracting plant hydrolat by using double auxiliary agents, which is characterized in that aromatic plants are used as raw materials, the double auxiliary agents for extraction and water are prepared into extracting solution, the extracting solution is uniformly stirred and soaked, then the extracting solution is distilled, and the hydrolat is collected.
Preferably, the aromatic plant is selected from any one or more of flowers, leaves, stems and roots thereof.
Preferably, the double auxiliary agents and deionized water are diluted and uniformly stirred to prepare the extracting solution.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the double auxiliary agents to the extracting solution is 0.1-1000: 100.
preferably, the distillation is enzyme-assisted distillation, ultrasonic-assisted distillation, ohmic-assisted heating lamp distillation, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction or subcritical water extraction.
The invention avoids using a preparation method of deep eutectic crystal, directly and respectively puts the material A and the material B into the water phase to form the deep eutectic crystal, and also has the extracting solution of double assistants, thereby simplifying the engineering steps and improving the extraction efficiency.
Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention combines the green and environment-friendly deep eutectic solvent with the traditional distillation technology, is simple to operate and low in cost, and improves the quality of the hydrolat and the efficiency of hydrolat extraction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a GC-MS ion flow diagram of hydrolat obtained by distillation and extraction of fresh day lily flowers with double promoters.
FIG. 2 is a GC-MS ion flow diagram of hydrolat obtained by conventional distillation method using fresh flowers of day lily as raw materials.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The formula of the two-component hydrolat extraction aid (a + B) is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Example 2
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking day lily flower as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of day lily flower was taken, pulverized with a stirrer, and placed in a 2L flask.
(2) According to the ratio of betaine to malic acid of 1:2, 33.3g of betaine and 66.6g of malic acid are mixed in a beaker.
(3) Adding 500g of deionized water into a beaker, and uniformly stirring to obtain an extracting solution.
(4) Pouring the obtained extractive solution containing double adjuvants into flask containing 100g flos Hemerocallis, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and collecting the hemerocallis fulva hydrosol.
Comparing this example with the pure dew obtained by the conventional distillation method, it can be seen from the analysis of ion flow diagrams 1 and 2 that the quality of the test fraction in fig. 1 is increased, and the components contain abundant species and higher content of substances.
Example 3
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking hemerocallis fulva as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of day lily flower was taken, pulverized with a stirrer, and placed in a 2L flask.
(2) 66.6g of betaine and 33.3g of citric acid were mixed in a beaker.
(3) 500g of deionized water was added to the beaker and stirred well.
(4) Adding 100g of day lily flower, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting the hemerocallis fulva hydrosol.
Example 4
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking hemerocallis fulva as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of day lily flower was taken, pulverized with a stirrer, and placed in a 2L flask.
(2) 16.6g of betaine and 83.4g of citric acid were mixed in a beaker.
(3) 500g of deionized water was added to the beaker and stirred well.
(4) Adding 100g of day lily flower, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting the hemerocallis fulva hydrosol.
Example 5
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking hemerocallis fulva as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of day lily flower was taken, pulverized with a stirrer, and placed in a 2L flask.
(2) 1.66g of betaine and 8.34g of citric acid were mixed in a beaker.
(3) 500g of deionized water was added to the beaker and stirred well.
(4) Adding 100g of day lily flower, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting the hemerocallis fulva hydrosol.
Example 6
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking hemerocallis fulva as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of day lily flower was taken, pulverized with a stirrer, and placed in a 2L flask.
(2) 33.3g of betaine and 66.6g of tartaric acid were mixed in a beaker.
(3) 500g of deionized water was added to the beaker and stirred well.
(4) The obtained extractive solution containing the double adjuvants is poured into a flask containing 100g of hemerocallis fulva, and subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 30 min.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting the hemerocallis fulva hydrosol.
Example 7
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking rose as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of rose was taken out, pulverized with a stirrer, and charged into a 2L flask.
(2) 33.3g of betaine and 66.6g of citric acid were mixed in a beaker.
(3) 500g of deionized water was added to the beaker and stirred well.
(4) Pouring the obtained extractive solution containing double adjuvants into a flask containing 100g of flos Rosae Rugosae, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting rose hydrolat.
Example 8
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking jasmine as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of jasmine was taken, pulverized by a stirrer, and charged into a 2L flask.
(2) 33.3g of betaine and 66.6g of citric acid were mixed in a beaker.
(3) 500g of deionized water was added to the beaker and stirred well.
(4) The obtained extract containing the double adjuvant was poured into a flask containing 100g of jasmine and subjected to ultrasonication.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting to obtain the jasmine flower hydrolat.
Example 9
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking rose as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of rose was taken out, pulverized with a stirrer, and charged into a 2L flask.
(2) 33.3g of choline chloride and 66.6g of citric acid were mixed in a beaker.
(3) 500g of deionized water was added to the beaker and stirred well.
(4) The obtained extractive solution containing the two adjuvants is poured into a flask containing 100g of rose, and subjected to ultrasonic treatment.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting rose hydrolat.
Example 10
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking rose as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of rose was taken out, pulverized with a stirrer, and charged into a 2L flask.
(2) 20g of choline chloride and 80g of urea were mixed in a beaker.
(3) 500g of deionized water was added to the beaker and stirred well.
(4) The obtained extractive solution containing the two adjuvants is poured into a flask containing 100g of rose, and subjected to ultrasonic treatment.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting rose hydrolat.
Example 11
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking rose as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of rose was taken out, pulverized with a stirrer, and charged into a 2L flask.
(2) According to the mass ratio of choline chloride to sorbitol of 0.5:5, 9.1g of choline chloride and 90.9g of sorbitol are mixed in a beaker.
(3) Adding 500g of deionized water into a beaker according to the ratio of eutectic solvent to deionized water of 1:50, and uniformly stirring
(4) The obtained extractive solution containing the two adjuvants is poured into a flask containing 100g of rose, and subjected to ultrasonic treatment.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting rose hydrolat.
Example 12
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking rose as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) 100g of rose was taken out, pulverized with a stirrer, and charged into a 2L flask.
(2) 0.91g choline chloride, 9.09g maltodextrin were mixed in a beaker.
(3) 500g of deionized water was added to the beaker and stirred well.
(4) The obtained extractive solution containing the two adjuvants is poured into a flask containing 100g of rose, and subjected to ultrasonic treatment.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting rose hydrolat.
Example 13
A method for extracting plant hydrolat (taking rose as an example) comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) applying water to the dried rose raw material, wherein the weight of the water is 5-50% of the weight of the dried rose. After pulverizing with a stirrer, 100g of the pulverized material was weighed and placed in a 2L flask.
(2) 0.91g choline chloride, 9.09g maltodextrin were mixed in a beaker.
(3) 500g of deionized water was added to the beaker and stirred well.
(4) The obtained extractive solution containing the two adjuvants is poured into a flask containing 100g of rose, and subjected to ultrasonic treatment.
(5) Distilling for 3 hours, and finally collecting rose hydrolat.
Claims (10)
1. The double auxiliary agents for extraction are characterized by comprising an A component and a B component, wherein the A component comprises at least one of choline chloride and betaine, and the B component comprises at least one of natural acids, amines, alcohols and sugars.
2. The dual aid for extraction according to claim 1, wherein said natural acid is at least one of citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, malonic acid, mucic acid and amino acids; the amine is at least one of urea and methyl urea; the alcohol is at least one of ethylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, sorbitol and glycerol; the saccharide is at least one of monosaccharide, disaccharide and polysaccharide, and the monosaccharide is at least one of maltose and sorbose.
3. The double adjuvant for extraction according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the A component to the B component is 1: 0.1-10.
4. The double adjuvant for extraction according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the A component to the B component is 1: 0.5-5.
5. A method for extracting plant hydrolat containing double-aid is characterized in that aromatic plants are used as raw materials, an extracting solution prepared from the double-aid for extraction and water according to any one of claims 1-4 is uniformly stirred and soaked, then distillation is carried out, and the hydrolat is collected.
6. The method for extracting plant hydrolat with two auxiliary agents as claimed in claim 5, wherein the aromatic plant is selected from any one or more of flowers, leaves, stems and roots thereof.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the aromatic plant is flowers of Hemerocallis fulva, roses or jasmine.
8. The method for extracting plant hydrolat containing double aids as claimed in claim 5, wherein the double aids are diluted with deionized water and stirred uniformly to prepare the extract.
9. The method for extracting plant hydrolat containing double aids as claimed in claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the double aids to the extracting solution is 0.1-1000: 100.
10. the method for extracting plant hydrolat with double auxiliary agents as claimed in claim 5, wherein said distillation is enzyme assisted distillation, ultrasonic assisted distillation, ohmic assisted heating lamp distillation, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction or subcritical water extraction.
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| CN113440460A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-28 | 上海应用技术大学 | Method for extracting double-component auxiliary agent of coix seed active substance |
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| US20020155177A1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-10-24 | Krasutsky Pavel A. | Process for extracting compounds from plants |
| CN111481483A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-04 | 广州市天然芳香科学技术研究院有限公司 | Aquilaria sinensis hydrolat and preparation method thereof |
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| US20020155177A1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-10-24 | Krasutsky Pavel A. | Process for extracting compounds from plants |
| CN111481483A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-04 | 广州市天然芳香科学技术研究院有限公司 | Aquilaria sinensis hydrolat and preparation method thereof |
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