CN112851533B - 一类手性荧光传感器及其制备方法和在手性氨基酸识别中的应用 - Google Patents

一类手性荧光传感器及其制备方法和在手性氨基酸识别中的应用 Download PDF

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CN112851533B
CN112851533B CN202110035913.7A CN202110035913A CN112851533B CN 112851533 B CN112851533 B CN 112851533B CN 202110035913 A CN202110035913 A CN 202110035913A CN 112851533 B CN112851533 B CN 112851533B
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戴振亚
丁志强
何敬杰
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Abstract

本发明公开了如式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体。所述的联萘酚衍生物是由具有手性的联萘酚衍生物和N,N‑双(2‑溴乙基)苯胺经缩合反应、再经水解得到。本发明还公开了式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体作为手性荧光传感器在识别手性氨基酸中的应用,所述的联萘酚衍生物在锌离子的作用下可应用于手性识别领域,对多种氨基酸都具有良好的识别效果,具有较好的适用性、选择性与重复性。在低浓度下,可利用本发明所述的联萘酚衍生物作为对苏氨酸的荧光传感器,对其对映体组成实施定量分析,因此,本发明还公开了式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体作为手性荧光传感器在手性氨基酸定量分析中的应用。
Figure DDA0002893196800000011

Description

一类手性荧光传感器及其制备方法和在手性氨基酸识别中的 应用
技术领域
本发明涉及手性荧光传感器及其制备方法和在手性氨基酸识别中的应用。
背景技术
分子识别是受体与底物选择结合并产生特殊功能的过程。生物体内的信息传输及蛋白质的合成都具有严格的方向性和选择性,在此,受体与底物之间的结合具有关键意义。由于生物分子大都是手性分子,因此手性识别在生命过程中极为重要。目前,手性药物在上市药物中的比重越来越大。在手性药物的不对称合成中,手性氨基酸常被用作手性前体和手性催化剂配体。因此,氨基酸的手性识别引起了大量关注。
过去的二十年,荧光探针在手性化合物的对映选择性识别中的研究和应用取得了很大的进展。荧光探针在不对称反应的快速分析和生物体系中手性分子的监测方面均具有潜在的应用。近年来,氨基酸的手性荧光识别吸引了化学家越来越多的关注。
发明内容
本发明的目的是将具有联萘酚基团的衍生物和N,N-双(2-溴乙基)苯胺连接,得到了新型的手性荧光传感器。在锌离子的作用下,该手性荧光传感器对多种氨基酸都具有良好的识别效果,具有较好的适用性、选择性与重复性,能够应用于手性氨基酸的识别。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
如式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体:
Figure BDA0002893196780000011
本发明的另一个目的是提供式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物的制备方法,合成路线如下:
Figure BDA0002893196780000012
包括:以乙腈为反应溶剂,以K2CO3为缚酸剂,式Ⅲ所示的具有手性的联萘酚衍生物和N,N-双(2-溴乙基)苯胺经缩合反应得到式Ⅱ所示的化合物,再经酸水解得到式Ⅰ所示的化合物;其中,式Ⅲ所示的联萘酚衍生物和N,N-双(2-溴乙基)苯胺的摩尔比为2~2.5:1;式Ⅲ所示的联萘酚衍生物和K2CO3的摩尔比为1:0.5~1.6。
所示的酸水解以THF和水的混合溶剂为反应溶剂,水解体系中盐酸的浓度为2~2.5mol/L,水解温度为室温。
所述的具有手性的联萘酚衍生物为式Ⅲ所示的化合物或其立体异构体:
Figure BDA0002893196780000021
本发明的另一个目的是提供式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体作为手性荧光传感器在识别手性氨基酸中的应用,在手性氨基酸的识别中具有优良的选择性和应用价值。
所述的手性氨基酸为苏氨酸对映体(D-苏氨酸、L-苏氨酸)、组氨酸对映体(D-组氨酸、L-组氨酸)、缬氨酸对映体(D-缬氨酸、L-缬氨酸)、色氨酸对映体(D-色氨酸、L-色氨酸)、蛋氨酸对映体(D-蛋氨酸、L-蛋氨酸)、苯丙氨酸对映体(D-苯丙氨酸、L-苯丙氨酸)、亮氨酸对映体(D-亮氨酸、L-亮氨酸)、酪氨酸对映体(D-酪氨酸、L-酪氨酸)、丝氨酸对映体(D-丝氨酸、L-丝氨酸)、丙氨酸对映体(D-丙氨酸、L-丙氨酸)。
荧光检测条件为:以1%水/乙腈溶液混合溶液为体系,在锌离子存在的情况下,室温,在激发波长λexc=435纳米,狭缝:5/5nm下通过荧光光谱法识别手性氨基酸。
式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体在体系中的浓度为1×10-5mol/L~1.5×10-5mol/L,锌离子的浓度为1×10-5mol/L~2×10-5mol/L。
发明人通过试验表明,在1×10-5mol/L低浓度下,可利用式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体作为苏氨酸的手性识别荧光传感器,对对映体组成实施定量分析。因此,本发明的另一个目的是提供式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体作为手性荧光传感器在手性氨基酸定量分析中的应用。具体包括:以1%水/乙腈混合溶液为溶剂,配制联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体浓度为1×10-5mol/L~1.5×10-5mol/L、L-氨基酸和D-苏氨酸总量为3×10-5mol/L、锌离子浓度为1×10-5mol/L~2×10-5mol/L的样品溶液,进行荧光光谱测试,绘制以L-氨基酸或D-苏氨酸的含量为纵坐标,荧光强度为纵坐标的标准曲线;取含手性氨基酸待测样品,采用1%水/乙腈混合溶液,配制成式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体浓度为1×10-5mol/L~1.5×10-5mol/L、锌离子浓度为1×10-5mol/L~2×10-5mol/L的待测样品溶液,进行荧光光谱测试,将测得的荧光强度代入标准曲线,获得待测样品中的手性氨基酸的含量。
附图说明
图1为化合物S-4对苏氨酸对映体的识别图。
图2为化合物S-4对组氨酸对映体的识别图。
图3为化合物S-4对别缬氨酸对映体的识别图。
图4为化合物S-4对色氨酸映体的识别图。
图5为化合物S-4对蛋氨酸对映体的识别图。
图6为化合物S-4对苯丙氨酸对映体的识别图。
图7为化合物S-4对亮氨酸对映体的识别图。
图8为化合物S-4对酪氨酸对映体的识别图。
图9为化合物S-4对丝氨酸对映体的识别图。
图10为化合物S-4对丙氨酸对映体的识别图。
图11为化合物S/R-4对D/L-苏氨酸识别的ee值曲线。
具体实施方式
实施例1
合成路线
Figure BDA0002893196780000031
化合物S-1的合成
冰浴下,将(S)-二联萘酚(4.29g,15mmol)和DIEA(4.07g,31.5mmol)溶于THF中,逐滴添加MOMBr(溴甲基甲醚,2.06g,16.5mmol)的THF(10mL)溶液,在20分钟内加完;再加热至室温,搅拌过夜。加入乙酸(0.90g,15mmol)与多余的DIEA反应。加入水和乙酸乙酯萃取,分离有机层,用盐水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,减压浓缩。硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为石油醚和乙酸乙酯体积比=10:1)得到3.22g化合物S-1,白色固体,产率65%。
1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ9.28(s,1H),7.96–7.84(m,4H),7.48(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.45–7.31(m,6H),7.28(dd,J=7.4,1.6Hz,1H),4.97(s,2H),3.43(s,3H).
化合物S-2的合成
-78℃,氮气保护下,将化合物S-1(3.30g,10mmol)溶于20mL乙醚中,缓慢滴加8.4mL浓度为2.5M的正丁基锂正己烷溶液,该温度搅拌1h,缓慢升至室温,继续搅拌2h。然后冰水浴下,缓慢加入1.83gDMF,室温搅拌过夜。用饱和NH4Cl淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(40mL)萃取。分离有机层并用盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,减压浓缩。硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为石油醚和乙酸乙酯体积比=10:1)得到1.549g化合物S-2,黄色固体,产率43%。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ10.55(s,1H),9.28(s,1H),8.41(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),8.02–7.96(m,1H),7.95–7.88(m,2H),7.50–7.33(m,6H),7.30–7.25(m,1H),5.18(s,2H),3.44(s,3H)..
N,N-双(2-溴乙基)苯胺的合成
将N-苯基二乙醇胺溶(5.00g,27.6mmol)于50mL CH2Cl2中,冰浴,N2保护下,逐滴加入PBr3(5.4mL,107.7mmol),20min内加完,室温搅拌过夜。加水淬灭,乙酸乙酯萃取,分离有机相并用盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,减压浓缩。硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为石油醚和乙酸乙酯体积比=100:1)得到6.6gN,N-双(2-溴乙基)苯胺,灰色固体,产率78%。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ7.22(t,J=8Hz,2H,Ar-H),6.79(t,J=7.2Hz,1H,Ar-H),6.59(d,J=8.4Hz,2H,Ar-H),3.72(t,J=7.6Hz,4H,-CH2),3.36(t,J=7.6,4H,-CH2).
化合物S-3的合成
将化合物S-2(507mg,1.42mmol)和N,N-双(2-溴乙基)苯胺(175mg,0.57mmol)溶于10mL乙腈中,室温搅拌10min,加入K2CO3(312mg,2.26mmol),加热回流过夜。冷却至室温,加入40mL水,乙酸乙酯萃取,分离有机相并用盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,减压浓缩。硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比=10:2),得到188mg化合物S-3,黄色固体,产率38.3%。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ10.48(s,2H),8.46(s,2H),8.01–7.80(m,6H),7.42–7.28(m,5H),7.26–7.17(m,5H),7.08(dd,J=12.7,8.4Hz,4H),6.87(dd,J=8.6,7.1Hz,2H),6.49(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.98(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),4.58(d,J=5.9Hz,4H),4.47(d,J=5.9Hz,4H),3.96–3.49(m,6H),2.90,2.55(qt,J=15.7,5.2Hz,4H).
化合物S-4的合成
冰水浴下,将化合物S-3(188mg,0.22mmol)溶于5mL THF中,缓慢滴加1mL14M浓盐酸,室温搅拌12h,乙酸乙酯萃取,分离有机相并用饱和NaHCO3洗涤,水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,减压浓缩。硅胶柱层析分离(洗脱剂为石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比=10:1),得到163mg化合物S-4,黄色固体,产率97%。
[α]20 D=-116.0(c=0.1,CH2Cl2).
Mp:101-103℃.
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ10.45(s,2H),10.01(s,2H),8.08(s,2H),7.97(dd,J=8.9,2.9Hz,2H),7.90(dd,J=7.8,3.2Hz,4H),7.43–7.31(m,8H),7.27(s,2H),7.18(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.10(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),6.94(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.57(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.06(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),3.83(d,J=5.8Hz,4H),2.76(d,J=14.8Hz,2H),2.63(d,J=15.8Hz,2H).
13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3):δ191.99,149.62,148.54,141.99,133.03,132.94,128.79,125.40,125.32,124.94,124.84,124.28,123.44,122.59,121.95,120.53,120.11,119.38,119.26,117.02,113.79,113.57,111.01,110.58,106.42,62.83,44.39.
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd for C52H39NO6,773.2777;found 774.2856(M+1).
实施例2
参照化合物S-4的合成制备化合物R-4,仅将起始原料(S)-二联萘酚替换为(R)-二联萘酚,目标产物为黄色固体。
[α]20 D=+115.4(c=0.1,CH2Cl2).
Mp:101-103℃.
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ10.44(s,2H),10.01(s,2H),8.08(s,2H),7.96(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.90(dd,J=7.9,2.7Hz,4H),7.43–7.31(m,6H),7.30–7.25(m,4H),7.17(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.09(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.93(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.58(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.08(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),3.83(t,J=5.4Hz,4H),2.77(d,J=15.7Hz,2H),2.64(d,J=15.6Hz,2H).
13C NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):δ192.04,149.60,148.54,141.88,133.07,132.93,128.78,125.43,125.34,124.96,124.83,124.30,123.46,122.59,121.97,120.53,120.11,119.40,119.28,117.01,113.75,113.55,110.98,106.47,62.79,44.42.
实施例3
手性识别溶液配制
1、化合物S-4与D/L-苏氨酸混合溶液的配制:
1)、准确称取7.7mg化合物S-4,置于10mL玻璃瓶中,加入10mL乙腈(色谱纯)溶液配成浓度为1×10-3mol/L的溶液,记为溶液A。
2)、分别准确称取D-苏氨酸、L-苏氨酸11.9mg,置于10mL玻璃瓶中,加入2eq四丁基氢氧化铵,加水(色谱纯)稀释,配制成浓度为1×10-2mol/L的溶液,D-苏氨酸记为溶液B1,L-苏氨酸记为溶液B2。
3)、准确称取7.3mg错酸锌,置于10mL玻璃瓶中,加入10mL水(色谱纯)溶液配成浓度为4×10-3mol/L的溶液,记为溶液C。
4)、取两个5mL玻璃瓶,瓶中先加入30μL溶液A,再分别加入9μL溶液B1、溶液B2,室温放置3h,加入7.5μL溶液C,加入乙腈(色谱纯)和水(色谱纯)稀释,配成3mL水的体积分数为1%的水/乙腈混合溶液,然后进行荧光光谱测试。
荧光测试条件:Fluoromax-4荧光分光光度仪,室温,激发波长λexc=435纳米,狭缝:5/5nm。
2、参照化合物S-4与D/L-苏氨酸混合溶液的配制,分别配制化合物S-4与组氨酸对映体(D/L-组氨酸)、缬氨酸对映体(D/L-缬氨酸)、色氨酸对映体(D/L-色氨酸)、蛋氨酸对映体(D/L-蛋氨酸)、苯丙氨酸对映体(D/L-蛋氨酸)、亮氨酸对映体(D/L-蛋氨酸)、酪氨酸对映体(D/L-蛋氨酸)、丝氨酸对映体(D/L-蛋氨酸)、丙氨酸对映体(D/L-蛋氨酸)的手性识别混合溶液,除氨基酸种类不同,其余均不变。
3、参照化合物S-4与D/L-苏氨酸混合溶液的配制,分别配制化合物R-4与手性氨基酸的手性识别混合溶液,进行荧光光谱测试。
手性识别结果
本发明选取了氨基酸作为客体分子进行手性识别测试,通过选用1%水/乙腈溶液混合溶液,使化合物S-4或化合物R-4与手性氨基酸作用后能选择性与锌离子结合从而出现荧光差异,通过荧光光谱法将二者进行区分。结合图1-图10、表1可以看出,1%水/乙腈溶液混合溶液若只有化合物S-4或化合物R-4、化合物S-4+Zn2+、手性氨基酸,则基本荧光强度没有明显变化,而化合物S-4、化合物R-4在低浓度(1×10-5mol/L)下对多种氨基酸都有一定的识别效果,拥有灵敏度高、识别范围广泛的优点。
表1.手性识别结果
Figure BDA0002893196780000061
Figure BDA0002893196780000071
注:aI1/I2为对映体1和对映体2(λ=570nm)的荧光强度之比。
实施例4
利用探针特性对对映体组成的定量分析研究
取上述溶液A、B1、B2和C,加入乙腈(色谱纯)和水(色谱纯)稀释,配成3mL1%水/乙腈混合溶液,其中化合物S-4或R-4(0.01mM,1当量),L-/D-苏氨酸总量(0.03mM,3当量),醋酸锌(0.02mM,2当量),然后进行荧光光谱测试,探究探针S-4和R-对苏氨酸对映体的组成定量分析结果。
荧光测试条件:Fluoromax-4荧光分光光度仪,室温,λexc=435纳米,狭缝:5/5nm。
如图11所示,无论是化合物S-4还是化合物R-4与苏氨酸对映体混合,混合体系中溶液荧光都随着对映体构成的转变而急剧转变,两条曲线互为镜像。另外,无论是在哪条曲线上,都可以测定D-/L-苏氨酸在0至100%范围内的对映体过量值(ee.值)。基于这两条标准曲线,可以测量苏氨酸对映体混合物中两个对映体组分的任意含量。进一步说明化合物S-4和化合物R-4拥有很高的灵敏度,可以在很低的浓度下进行对映体纯度测定,在实际应用中拥有着较为广阔的应用前景。

Claims (8)

1.如式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其对映异构体:
Figure FDA0002893196770000011
2.一种权利要求1所述的联萘酚衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于合成路线如下:
Figure FDA0002893196770000012
3.根据权利要求2所述的联萘酚衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于包括:以乙腈为反应溶剂,以K2CO3为缚酸剂,式Ⅲ所示的具有手性的联萘酚衍生物和N,N-双(2-溴乙基)苯胺经缩合反应得到式Ⅱ所示的化合物,再经酸水解得到式Ⅰ所示的化合物;其中,式Ⅲ所示的联萘酚衍生物和N,N-双(2-溴乙基)苯胺的摩尔比为2~2.5:1。
4.权利要求1所述的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体作为手性荧光传感器在识别手性氨基酸中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于所述的手性氨基酸为苏氨酸对映体、组氨酸对映体、缬氨酸对映体、色氨酸映体、蛋氨酸对映体、苯丙氨酸对映体、亮氨酸对映体、酪氨酸对映体、丝氨酸对映体、丙氨酸对映体。
6.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于荧光检测条件为:以1%水/乙腈溶液混合溶液为体系,在锌离子存在的情况下,在激发波长λexc=435纳米,狭缝:5/5nm下通过荧光光谱法识别手性氨基酸。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于式Ⅰ所示的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体在体系中的浓度为1×10-5mol/L~1.5×10-5mol/L,锌离子的浓度为1×10-5mol/L~2×10- 5mol/L。
8.权利要求1所述的联萘酚衍生物或其立体异构体作为手性荧光传感器在手性氨基酸定量分析中的应用。
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