CN112826048A - 一种鸡蛋卵黄提取物、及其提取方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种鸡蛋卵黄提取物、及其提取方法和应用,涉及食品提取物。一种鸡蛋卵黄提取物,是将受精鸡蛋的卵黄与PBS缓冲液混合,离心后提取的。上述鸡蛋卵黄提取物的提取方法,步骤为:将受精鸡蛋的蛋黄与蛋清分离开,剥去蛋黄表面附着的薄膜,与PBS缓冲液稀释混匀,4℃离心,抽弃上清液,保留沉淀,即为鸡蛋卵黄提取物。本发明以受精鸡蛋卵黄为原料,采用低温离心方法进行提取,操作方法简便,提取物在抑制肌肉萎缩的同时促进肌肉发育。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品提取物,具体涉及一种鸡蛋卵黄提取物、及其提取方法和应用。
背景技术
骨骼肌是肉类动物产品的重要部分,骨骼肌发达的肉类动物具有很高的经济价值,但是现如今肌肉萎缩相关疾病的发病率越来越高,严重威胁到动物产品的产出率。因此,改善肌肉萎缩并促进其发育的技术蕴涵着巨大的经济价值。
鸡蛋为雉科动物鸡的卵,主要可分为蛋壳、蛋白及蛋黄三部分,其中蛋黄中含有大量的维生素、矿物质、及有高生物价值的蛋白质,被人们誉为“理想的营养库”。但是,如何对鸡蛋进行深加工,提取鸡蛋中的营养成分,并将其高效应用,是行业内一直在研究的方向。
本发明研发了一种新的从鸡蛋卵黄中提取营养物质的方法,且提供了该物质的新的作用和应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种鸡蛋卵黄提取物。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供上述鸡蛋卵黄提取物的提取方法。
本发明的再一个目的在于提供上述鸡蛋卵黄提取物的应用。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种鸡蛋卵黄提取物,是将受精鸡蛋的卵黄与PBS缓冲液混合,离心后提取的。
进一步地,上述鸡蛋卵黄提取物的提取方法,步骤为:将受精鸡蛋的蛋黄与蛋清分离开,剥去蛋黄表面附着的薄膜,与PBS缓冲液稀释混匀,4℃离心,抽弃上清液,保留沉淀,即为鸡蛋卵黄提取物。
所述的蛋黄与PBS缓冲液以6-8:2-4的体积比搅拌混匀,然后进行离心,优选地,蛋黄与PBS缓冲液以7:3的体积比混合。
所述的离心时间为18-22min。
更进一步地,本发明公开了上述鸡蛋卵黄提取物在制备促进肌肉发育的食品方面的应用,包括作为添加剂制作各种功能性食品等。
本发明公开了上述鸡蛋卵黄提取物在制备治疗肌肉萎缩相关疾病药物方面的应用。
本发明以受精鸡蛋为原料,将蛋黄与蛋清分离,与PBS缓冲液混合离心后提取,提取物具有既可以抑制肌肉萎缩,同时促进肌肉发育的作用。
为了验证本发明提取物在抑制肌肉萎缩同时促进肌肉发育方面的作用,进行了对比试验,将试验分为对照组、未受精鸡蛋卵黄提取物(Unfertilized Egg Yolk Extract,UEYE)和受精鸡蛋卵黄提取物(Fertilized Egg Yolk Extract, FEYE))3组,作为饲料分别将其灌胃给鸡;在同等饲养条件下,将对照组、UEYE组和FEYE组灌胃28天;对三组鸡的体重分别称重,结果如图1所示,三组鸡的体重差别不大,其中FEYE组的体重有微弱的优势;对三组鸡的腓肠肌(GAS)、胫骨前肌(TA)和比目鱼肌(SOL)的重量分别进行比较,结果如图2显示,发现本发明中的提取物对鸡的GAS、TA和SOL的重量均有不同程度的影响;运用石蜡切片对三组鸡的肌肉进行HE染色,比较不同处理组鸡胫骨前肌的肌纤维面积的大小,并对肌纤维面积进行测量,结果如图3、4所示,从图3和图4可观察到经FEYE处理的鸡的肌纤维面积更大,产出率更高;分别检测三组灌胃鸡肌肉(Myostatin,MSTN)mRNA和PAX7 mRNA表达水平,结果如图5和6所示,最后通过分子试验证明UEYE可以抑制肌肉生长抑素MSTN mRNA的表达水平,但是其差异不显著,而FEYE可显著抑制肌肉生长抑素MSTN mRNA的表达水平;UEYE和FEYE都可以显著促进PAX7 mRNA的表达水平,FEYE对PAX7 mRNA表达水平的促进作用明显高于UEYE。因此,利用本发明鸡蛋卵黄提取物可以制备促进肌肉发育的食品。
与现有技术相比,本发明以受精鸡蛋卵黄为原料,采用低温离心方法进行提取,相比传统的超声波萃取、高压处理、脉冲电场处理等方法,操作步骤简便,提取物在抑制肌肉萎缩的同时促进肌肉发育。
附图说明
图1是三组鸡体重的称量结果对比图;
图2是三组鸡的腓肠肌、胫骨前肌和比目鱼肌的重量对比图;
图3的三组鸡的胫骨前肌的肌纤维面积切片对比图;
图4是三组鸡的胫骨前肌的肌纤维面积测量比较图;
图5是三组鸡肌肉MSTN mRNA的表达水平的对比图;
图6是三组鸡肌肉PAX7 mRNA的表达水平的对比图;
图7是实施例2中两组MSTN mRNA表达水平的对比图;
图8是实施例2中两组MYOD mRNA的表达水平的对比图;
图9是实施例2中两组MYOG mRNA的表达水平的对比图。
具体实施方式
下述实施例仅为本发明的优选技术方案,并不用于对本发明进行任何限制。对于本领域技术人员而言,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例1
一种鸡蛋卵黄提取物的提取方法,步骤为:将受精鸡蛋的蛋黄与蛋清分离开,剥去蛋黄表面附着的薄膜,将蛋黄液以6:4的体积比与PBS缓冲液稀释混匀,4℃离心18min,抽弃上清液,保留沉淀,即为鸡蛋卵黄提取物。
实施例2
一种鸡蛋卵黄提取物的提取方法,步骤为:将受精鸡蛋的蛋黄与蛋清分离开,剥去蛋黄表面附着的薄膜,将蛋黄液以7:3的体积比与PBS缓冲液稀释混匀,4℃离心20min,抽弃上清液,保留沉淀,即为鸡蛋卵黄提取物。
选取10只6周龄的健康SPF级别的C57BL/6小鼠,购自北京维通利华,将其分为Sham组以及FEYE组,每组各5只,其中Sham组灌胃PBS缓冲液,FEYE组灌胃同体积的按照上述方法提取的受精鸡蛋卵黄提取物,在12:12小时的光暗循环中,将小鼠饲养在恒温23℃,可自由获取水和食物的条件下持续24天,之后将小鼠用乙醚麻醉并仰卧位固定于手术台,收集小鼠的腓肠肌后将其固定并冻存,分别检测C2C12细胞中MSTN mRNA、MYOD mRNA、MYOG mRNA的表达水,其中MSTN mRNA的表达水平比较图如图7所示,从图7可以看出 FEYE可显著抑制肌肉生长抑素MSTN mRNA的表达水平,而UEYE对其没有太大的影响;C2C12细胞中MYOD mRNA和MYOG mRNA的表达水结果如图8和9所示,从图8和9可以看出,FEYE可显著促进MYOD mRNA和MYOG mRNA的表达水平。
实施例3
一种鸡蛋卵黄提取物的提取方法,步骤为:将受精鸡蛋的蛋黄与蛋清分离开,剥去蛋黄表面附着的薄膜,将蛋黄液以8:2的体积比与PBS缓冲液稀释混匀,4℃离心22min,抽弃上清液,保留沉淀,即为鸡蛋卵黄提取物。
Claims (7)
1.一种鸡蛋卵黄提取物,其特征在于,是将受精鸡蛋的卵黄与PBS缓冲液混合,离心后提取的。
2.权利要求1所述的鸡蛋卵黄提取物的提取方法,其特征在于,步骤为:将受精鸡蛋的蛋黄与蛋清分离开,剥去蛋黄表面附着的薄膜,与PBS缓冲液稀释混匀,4℃离心,抽弃上清液,保留沉淀,即为鸡蛋卵黄提取物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的鸡蛋卵黄提取物的提取方法,其特征在于,所述的蛋黄与PBS缓冲液以6-8:2-4的体积混匀。
4.根据权利要求3所述的鸡蛋卵黄提取物的提取方法,其特征在于,所述的蛋黄与PBS缓冲液以7:3的体积比混匀。
5.根据权利要求2所述的鸡蛋卵黄提取物的提取方法,其特征在于,所述的离心时间为18-22min。
6.权利要求1所述的鸡蛋卵黄提取物在制备促进肌肉发育的食品方面的应用。
7.权利要求1所述的鸡蛋卵黄提取物在制备治疗肌肉萎缩相关疾病药物方面的应用。
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