CN112825732A - Cultivation method of Firmiana hirsuta - Google Patents
Cultivation method of Firmiana hirsuta Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method of Ficus hirsuta. The culture medium consists of main materials and auxiliary materials. The main ingredients are as follows: 35-38 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 35-38 parts of lotus seed shells, 8-10 parts of wheat bran, 8-10 parts of rice bran, 6-8 parts of corn flour, 1.5-2 parts of glucose, 0.9-1.1 parts of lime and 0.9-1.1 parts of gypsum. Adding auxiliary materials accounting for 10-15% of the weight of the main materials, wherein the auxiliary materials are as follows: the mulberry leaf, the scutellaria baicalensis, the folium artemisiae argyi and the dandelion are soaked and boiled according to the proportion of 1.0-1.2:0.9-1.1:0.8-1.0:0.7-0.9, and then are uniformly mixed with the dry materials of the fermentation bed padding. The fruiting temperature of the chaetomium hirsutum is between 22 and 28 ℃, the relative air humidity is about 90 percent, the chaetomium hirsutum is cultivated by the cultivation method, the biotransformation rate is high, the contents of polysaccharide, flavonoid and total triterpenes in sporocarp are high, and the method is suitable for large-scale artificial cultivation of the chaetomium hirsutum.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a substitute cultivation method of Ficus hirsuta.
Background art:
the Inonotus hispidus is a precious medicinal fungus, is mainly parasitic on the trunks of broad-leaved trees such as mulberry trees, oak trees, fraxinus mandshurica and peach trees, is considered to be one of phellinus igniarius based on scientific literature and research by scholars, is a precious medicinal fungus, contains abundant active substances in fruit bodies, has obvious anti-tumor effect, and has obvious effects on enhancing the immunity of organisms, resisting viruses, resisting oxidation, inhibiting bacteria, reducing blood sugar and the like. The wild crude chaetomium globosum distributed in nature has few resources, and the research and development of the technology of artificial cultivation are urgently needed to be enhanced. The cultivation of the Inonotus hirsutus by adopting the substitute materials has short growth period and convenient manual management, but the current domestic cultivation technology is not mature. According to the method, the lotus seed shells and the sawdust are used as local materials and are used as main materials, the fermentation bed padding and the Chinese medicinal juice are compounded as auxiliary materials, the phellinus hirsutus is cultivated instead of materials, the biotransformation rate is high, the content of polysaccharide, flavonoid and total triterpenes in sporocarp is high, and the method is suitable for large-scale artificial cultivation of the phellinus hirsutus.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for cultivating the alternative material of the chaetomium globosum, which has the advantages of simple preparation of a culture medium, short production period, high biotransformation rate and high contents of polysaccharide, flavonoid and total triterpenes in sporocarp.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a cultivation method of Inonotus hirsutus comprises culturing substrate including main material and adjuvant; the adjuvants are prepared by decocting folium Mori, Scutellariae radix, folium Artemisiae Argyi, and herba Taraxaci to obtain decoction, and mixing the decoction with dry materials of fermentation bed padding.
In the cultivation method, the auxiliary materials account for 10-15% of the weight of the main materials.
Further, the cultivation method comprises the following steps of preparing auxiliary materials: the mulberry leaf, the scutellaria baicalensis, the folium artemisiae argyi and the dandelion are soaked and boiled according to the mass ratio of (1.0-1.2) to (0.9-1.1) to (0.8-1.0) to (0.7-0.9), and the juice is uniformly mixed with the dry materials of the fermentation bed padding.
Further, the preparation of the auxiliary materials comprises the following steps: weighing folium mori, scutellaria baicalensis, folium artemisiae argyi and dandelion according to a certain proportion, soaking, wherein the weight ratio of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to water is 1:10-1:15, boiling, concentrating to 22% -26% of the weight of the water, and uniformly mixing with the dry materials of the fermentation bed padding according to a certain weight ratio of 1-1.5: 4-8.
According to the cultivation method, the dry material of the fermentation bed padding is the dry material of the fermentation bed padding which effectively degrades pig manure and/or urine.
The raw material composition of the fermentation bed padding is preferably as follows: 20 to 50 percent of sawdust, 20 to 50 percent of rice hull, 20 to 30 percent of crop straw, 2 to 3 percent of rice bran and 0.1 to 0.3 percent of zymogen.
The fermentation inoculum comprises: the ratio of bacillus subtilis to lactobacillus casei is as follows: 50-70% of bacillus subtilis and 30-50% of lactobacillus casei. Effective viable count is not less than 7.0 × 109cfu/g. The bacillus subtilis and the lactobacillus casei are common fermentation common bacteria.
Weighing fresh pig manure accounting for 15-25% of the mass of the raw materials of the fermentation bed padding, mixing, keeping the water content at about 50-60%, and naturally drying after 2-3 days of treatment until the water content is lower than 10% to obtain dry materials.
The cultivation method comprises the following main materials in parts by weight: 35-38 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 35-38 parts of lotus seed shells, 8-10 parts of wheat bran, 8-10 parts of rice bran, 6-8 parts of corn flour, 1.5-2 parts of glucose, 0.9-1.1 parts of lime and 0.9-1.1 parts of gypsum.
Preferably: 35 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 35 parts of lotus seed shells, 10 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of rice bran, 8 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of glucose, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
The particle size range of the mulberry twig sawdust material is 12-18mm, and the particle size range of the lotus seed shell is 3-7 mm. Pulverizing other main materials into powder.
The cultivation method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
(1) preparation of a culture medium: weighing mulberry twig sawdust, lotus seed shells, wheat bran, rice bran, corn flour, glucose, lime and gypsum according to a proportion, pre-wetting the lotus seed shells with lime water for one day when the lotus seed shells are used, and draining off excessive water; the auxiliary materials are uniformly mixed and piled one day in advance, then are mixed with other main materials, water is added into a mixer for uniform mixing, and the mixture is bagged, sterilized and cooled for standby;
(2) stock culture;
(3) inoculating;
(4) and (5) spawn running.
Further, the water content of the culture substrate in the step (1) is 60-65%, and special bags for edible fungi with the size of 18cm multiplied by 32cm are filled;
further, after inoculation in the step (4), the cultivation bags grow fungi with the air humidity of 60% -70%, proper ventilation is kept, dark cultivation is carried out at 22-26 ℃, preferably at 26 ℃, and fruiting is carried out when hyphae grow to 80% -90% of the culture medium.
Further, fruiting management: selecting a fruiting room with good heat preservation, moisture preservation and ventilation, wherein the fruiting temperature of the chaetomium globosum is 22-28 ℃, the relative air humidity is 85% -90%, the illumination intensity is adjusted to be 600-800lx, the illumination is 8-12h, preferably 12h every day, sufficient oxygen is provided, and the cap is opened to directly fruiting or the side surface is opened with a crescent opening to fruiting.
Further, harvesting: when the growth of sporophyte stops, the color of pileus is changed from light yellow to dark yellow, the edge is changed into yellow, and yellow spores are on the surface, the period is the harvesting optimum period, the air humidity is increased during harvesting, and the sporophyte is cut off by scissors from the base of the stalk or is picked lightly by hands.
Further, the method for cultivating the chaetomium globosum as a substitute comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of a culture medium: weighing ramulus mori sawdust, lotus seed shells, wheat bran, rice bran, corn flour, glucose, lime and gypsum according to a proportion, wherein the lotus seed shells are byproducts of lotus seed processing, and when the lotus seed shells are used, pre-wetting the lotus seed shells with lime water for one day and draining off excessive water. The auxiliary materials accounting for 10-15% of the weight of the main materials are uniformly mixed and piled one day in advance, then are mixed with other main materials, water is added, the mixture is uniformly mixed in a mixer, the water content of the substitute cultivation medium is 60-65%, the substitute cultivation medium is filled in a special edible fungus bag with the water content of 18cm multiplied by 32cm, the bag is sterilized at 121 ℃ for 2 hours under high pressure, and the mixture is cooled for standby application.
2. Stock culture medium: 98-99% of wheat grains and 1-2% of gypsum. Water content 50% +/-1% and pH is natural. The wheat grain culture medium is bottled and sterilized, and cultured under the condition of no illumination at 24-28 ℃ after inoculation, the wheat grain culture medium grows to full of fungus bottles within 22-25 days, and the used fungus age is optimal after the wheat grain culture medium is full of the fungus bottles for 2-4 days.
3. Inoculation: the inoculation room is operated aseptically, and the inoculation amount is 18-20 bags for each bottle of stock seed. Inoculating and culturing in a spawn running room.
4. Spawn running: cultivating bags for spawn running after inoculation, keeping proper ventilation with the air humidity of 60-70%, culturing in dark at 22-26 ℃, and fruiting when hyphae grow to 80-90% of the culture medium.
5. And (3) fruiting management: selecting a fruiting room with good heat preservation, moisture preservation and ventilation, wherein the fruiting temperature of the chaetomium globosum is 22-28 ℃, the relative air humidity is 85% -90%, the illumination intensity is adjusted to be 600-800lx, the illumination is 8-12h every day, sufficient oxygen is provided, the cap opening is opened for direct fruiting, and the side surface of the cap opening can also be opened with crescent-shaped opening for fruiting.
6. Harvesting: when the growth of sporocarp is basically stopped, the colour of pileus is changed from light yellow to dark yellow, the edge is changed into yellow, when the surface has yellow spore, it is the optimum period for harvesting, from opening fruiting to harvesting for 40-50 days, firstly increasing air humidity, cutting with scissors from the base portion of stalk or lightly picking with hand.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. no pollution, green and safe. As an important food, the lotus seed has no safety problems of heavy metal exceeding, pesticide residue and the like, can effectively avoid the pollution of heavy metal and pesticide residue in the fruit body caused by the culture substrate, and is green and environment-friendly.
2. Short period and good quality of fruiting body. The inoculated mycelium has high growth speed, short growth period, good fruiting body shape and obviously improved biotransformation rate and contents of polysaccharide, flavonoid and total triterpenes in the fruiting body.
3. Low cost and simple process flow. The method for cultivating the Inonotus obliquus has the advantages that the lotus seed shells serving as leftovers can be directly used, the process of treating raw materials is omitted, the material mixing method is simple to operate, and compared with a basswood cultivation mode, the method is time-saving and labor-saving and is easy for large-scale cultivation and production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the hypha culture conditions of comparative example 1 (right) and example 8 (left);
FIG. 2 shows the fruiting state of the side opening of comparative example 1 (right) and example 8 (left);
compared with comparative example 1, example 8 has fast growth speed of hyphae, bright yellow color of hyphae, early fruiting time, and good shape and color of fruiting body.
FIG. 3 shows a fruit body obtained by cultivating Inonotus hirsutus in example 8 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to further illustrate the invention without limiting it.
And developing exploration optimization tests of the main material and the auxiliary material of the culture medium of the chaetomium globosum to obtain an optimized combination. 1. Exploration optimization test of main material components of chaetomium hirsutum culture medium
The formula of the main material is as follows according to parts by weight:
comparative example 1: 75 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 3 parts of rice hull, 3 parts of corn flour, 15 parts of bran, 2 parts of cane sugar, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
Comparative example 2: 75 parts of cottonseed hulls, 6 parts of corn flour, 15 parts of bran, 2 parts of cane sugar, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
Comparative example 3: 70 parts of lotus seed shells, 10 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of rice bran, 8 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of glucose, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
Example 1: 20 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 50 parts of lotus seed shells, 10 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of rice bran, 8 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of glucose, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
Example 2: 50 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 20 parts of lotus seed shells, 10 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of rice bran, 8 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of glucose, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
Example 3: 35 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 35 parts of lotus seed shells, 10 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of rice bran, 8 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of glucose, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum;
the particle size of the mulberry twig sawdust material is 15mm, and the particle size of the rice hull, the cottonseed hull and the lotus seed hull is 5 mm.
The lotus seed shells are pre-wetted for one day by lime water, drained of redundant moisture and mixed with other main materials.
The specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) weighing the materials in proportion, adding water, mixing with a blender, adding the culture medium with water content of 65%, bagging with a size of 18cm × 32cm, sterilizing at 121 deg.C under high pressure for 2 hr, and cooling.
(2) After inoculation, the cultivation bags grow fungi, the air humidity is 60% -70%, proper ventilation is kept, dark cultivation is carried out at 26 ℃, and the mushrooms grow when the hyphae grow to 80% -90% of the culture medium.
(3) And (3) fruiting management: selecting a fruiting room with good heat preservation, moisture preservation and ventilation, wherein the fruiting temperature of the chaetomium globosum is 25 ℃, the relative humidity of air is 85% -90%, the illumination intensity is adjusted to be 800lx, the illumination is 12h every day, sufficient oxygen is provided, and the cap opening is opened to directly fruiting, or the side surface is opened with a crescent opening to fruiting.
(4) Harvesting: when the sporophyte growth is stopped basically, the color of the pileus is changed from light yellow to dark yellow, the edge is changed into yellow, and yellow spores are on the surface, the period is the harvesting suitable period, the air humidity is increased during harvesting, and the sporophyte is cut off from the base of the stalk by scissors or is picked lightly by hands.
The experimental method comprises the following steps: the fruiting body biotransformation rate, growth cycle, fruiting body polysaccharide content, flavonoid content and total triterpene content of the examples and the comparative examples are respectively tested. The biotransformation rate is equal to the weight of fresh mushrooms/weight of dry materials added by 100 percent; and (3) growth period: days after inoculation and fruiting body harvesting; measuring polysaccharide content by phenol-sulfuric acid method, measuring flavonoid content by sodium nitrite-aluminum nitrate method, and measuring total triterpenes content by oleanolic acid standard colorimetric method.
The results are shown in Table 1: the results below are all average values of three tests.
TABLE 1 cultivation of Inonotus hirsutus as main ingredient
The results show that the biotransformation rate, the growth cycle, the polysaccharide content, the flavonoid content and the total triterpene content of the example 3 are best, compared with the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, the biotransformation rate is higher by 2.59 percent, 2.1 percent and 4.55 percent, the growth cycle is shorter by 4 days, 5 days and 8 days, the polysaccharide content of the fruiting body is higher by 0.67 percent, 1.36 percent and 1.8 percent, the flavonoid content is higher by about 20mg/g, and the total triterpene content is higher by 0.05 to 0.15 percent. Further, the exploration optimization test of each component of the auxiliary material of the culture medium of the chaetomium globosum is carried out by taking the embodiment 3 as a main material formula.
2. Exploration optimization test of each component of auxiliary material of culture medium of chaetomium globosum
Example 4: the formula of the embodiment 3 is used as a main material, and 8% of fermentation bed padding by weight is added as an auxiliary material.
Example 5: the formula of the embodiment 3 is used as a main material, and fermentation bed padding with the weight of 12% is added as an auxiliary material.
Example 6: the formula of the embodiment 3 is used as a main material, and 18% of fermentation bed padding by weight is added as an auxiliary material.
The fermentation bed padding is dry material after pig manure and urine are effectively degraded. Such as: the fermentation bed padding raw materials in the above examples 4-6 are composed of: 30% of sawdust, 47% of rice hull, 20% of straw, 2.8% of rice bran and 0.2% of zymogen. The fermentation inoculum comprises: 60 percent of bacillus subtilis and 40 percent of lactobacillus casei, and the total content of the microbial inoculum is 7.5 multiplied by 109cfu/g, the strain is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center, the number of the bacillus subtilis is 1.821, and the number of the lactobacillus casei is 1.580. (the bacteria used in the preparation of the fermentation bed padding of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the strains used herein, and Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus casei, which are generally commonly used for fermentation, can be used)
Weighing fresh pig manure which accounts for 20% of the mass of the raw materials of the fermentation bed padding, mixing, keeping the water content at about 55%, and naturally drying after 3 days until the water content is lower than 10% to obtain a dry material.
The method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
the dry materials and the auxiliary materials of the fermentation bed padding are mixed uniformly one day ahead of time according to the proportion and then are mixed with the main materials in the embodiment 3, the water content of the culture medium is 60-65%, the special bag material for edible fungi with the thickness of 18cm multiplied by 32cm is adopted, the high-pressure sterilization is carried out for 2h at the temperature of 121 ℃, and the mixture is cooled for standby. The steps of inoculation, spawn running, fruiting management and harvesting are the same as those of the main material screening test in the example 3.
The fruiting body biotransformation rate, growth cycle, fruiting body polysaccharide content, flavonoid content and total triterpene content of each example are tested. The results are shown in Table 2: the results below are all average values of three tests.
TABLE 2 cultivation of crude Inonotus Fomitopsis adjuvant
The results show that the biotransformation efficiency, growth cycle, polysaccharide content, flavonoid content, total triterpene content of example 5 are best shown.
3. Through a culture test of hypha on a crude capillary plate, the influence of 10 kinds of Chinese medicinal material juice including honeysuckle, mulberry leaf, scutellaria baicalensis, folium artemisiae argyi, dandelion, dried orange peel, white paeony root, chrysanthemum, rhizoma acori graminei and astragalus mongholicus on the growth of hypha is researched. The result shows that the growth promoting effect of hypha is obvious after 4 mulberry leaves, scutellaria baicalensis, folium artemisiae argyi and dandelion are soaked and boiled according to the proportion of 1:1:1: 0.9. Further, based on the formula of example 5, an exploration optimization test of compounding the fermentation bed padding auxiliary material and the Chinese medicinal herb juice is developed.
Example 7: the mulberry leaves, the scutellaria baicalensis, the folium artemisiae argyi and the dandelion are soaked and boiled according to the proportion of 1:1:1:0.9, the weight ratio of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to water is 1:12, the mixture is concentrated to 25% of the weight of the water, and then the mixture is uniformly mixed with the dry materials of the fermentation bed padding according to the weight ratio of 1.2: 3.
Example 8: the mulberry leaves, the scutellaria baicalensis, the folium artemisiae argyi and the dandelion are soaked and boiled according to the proportion of 1:1:1:0.9, the weight ratio of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to water is 1:12, the mixture is concentrated to 25% of the weight of the water, and then the mixture is uniformly mixed with the dry materials of the fermentation bed padding according to the weight ratio of 1.2: 6.
Example 9: the mulberry leaves, the scutellaria baicalensis, the folium artemisiae argyi and the dandelion are soaked and boiled according to the proportion of 1:1:1:0.9, the weight ratio of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to water is 1:12, the mixture is concentrated to 25% of the weight of the water, and then the mixture is uniformly mixed with the dry materials of the fermentation bed padding according to the weight ratio of 1.2: 12.
The method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
according to the proportion, the dry materials of the fermentation bed padding (prepared according to the embodiment 5) and the traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary materials are mixed uniformly one day in advance and piled, the mixture is mixed with the main materials in the embodiment 3 according to the proportion of 12 percent, the water content of the culture medium is 60 to 65 percent, the special edible fungus bag filling material with the thickness of 18cm multiplied by 32cm is adopted, the high-pressure sterilization is carried out for 2 hours at the temperature of 121 ℃, and the mixture is cooled for standby application. The steps of inoculation, spawn running, fruiting management and harvesting are the same as those of the main material screening test in the example 3.
The fruiting body biotransformation rate, growth cycle, fruiting body polysaccharide content, flavonoid content and total triterpene content of each example are tested. The results are shown in Table 3: the results below are all average values of three tests.
TABLE 3 cultivation of crude Inonotus Fomitopsis adjuvant
The results show that the biotransformation efficiency, growth cycle, polysaccharide content, flavonoid content, total triterpene content of example 8 performed best.
The invention obtains a cultivation method of chaetomium hirsutum by screening main material and auxiliary material formulas and comparing data such as biotransformation rate, growth cycle, polysaccharide content, flavonoid content, total triterpene content and the like (example 8). Compared with the currently common culture substrates (such as comparative example 1 and comparative example 2), the bioconversion rate of the embodiment 8 is 6.39-6.88%, the growth cycle is short, 7-8 days, the polysaccharide content of the fruiting body is 2.97-3.66%, the flavonoid content is about 30mg/g, and the total triterpene content is about 0.3%. Compared with the comparative example 3 adopting 70 parts of lotus seed shells, the example 8 has more obvious advantages, the biotransformation rate is about 9%, the growth cycle is about 11 days short, the polysaccharide content of the fruit body is about 4%, the flavonoid content is about 31mg/g, and the total triterpene content is about 0.4%.
Example 10
36 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 38 parts of lotus seed shells, 8 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of rice bran, 6 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of glucose, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
The particle size of the mulberry twig sawdust material is 12mm, and the particle size of the rice hull, the cottonseed hull and the lotus seed hull is 7 mm.
Folium mori, scutellaria baicalensis, folium artemisiae argyi and dandelion are mixed according to the proportion of 1.0:1.0:1.0: 0.8;
weighing folium mori, scutellaria baicalensis, folium artemisiae argyi and dandelion according to a certain proportion, soaking, wherein the weight ratio of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to water is 1:10, boiling, concentrating to 26% of the weight of the water, and uniformly mixing with a dry material of a fermentation bed padding according to a weight ratio of 1.5: 4.
The remaining steps were the same as in example 5.
Example 11
38 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 36 parts of lotus seed shells, 8 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of rice bran, 6 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of glucose, 1 part of lime and 1 part of gypsum.
The particle size of the mulberry twig sawdust material is 18mm, and the particle size of the rice hull, the cottonseed hull and the lotus seed hull is 3 mm;
folium mori, scutellaria baicalensis, folium artemisiae argyi and dandelion are mixed according to the proportion of 1.2:1.1:0.8: 0.7;
weighing folium mori, scutellaria baicalensis, folium artemisiae argyi and dandelion according to a certain proportion, soaking, wherein the weight ratio of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to water is 1:15, boiling, concentrating to 22% of the weight of the water, and uniformly mixing with a dry material of a fermentation bed padding according to a weight ratio of 1.5: 8.
The remaining steps were the same as in example 5. The results below are all average values of three tests.
TABLE 4 cultivation of crude Inonotus Fomitopsis adjuvant
The results show that examples 10 and 11 also show desirable bioconversion, growth cycle, polysaccharide content, flavonoid content, and total triterpene content.
The invention provides a cultivation method of a strain of crude phellinus linteus, wherein a cultivation substrate is compounded by main materials and auxiliary materials consisting of 10-15% of Chinese medicinal material juice and fermentation bed padding, so that the hypha growth speed and the fruiting body yield of the crude phellinus linteus can be obviously improved, the fruiting body quality is good, and the contents of polysaccharide, flavone and total triterpene are high.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cultivation method of Ficus hirsuta is characterized in that a cultivation medium comprises a main material and an auxiliary material; the adjuvants are prepared by decocting folium Mori, Scutellariae radix, folium Artemisiae Argyi, and herba Taraxaci to obtain decoction, and mixing the decoction with dry materials of fermentation bed padding.
2. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1,
in the cultivation method, the auxiliary materials account for 10-15% of the weight of the main materials.
3. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
the preparation of the auxiliary materials comprises: the mulberry leaf, the scutellaria baicalensis, the folium artemisiae argyi and the dandelion are soaked and boiled according to the mass ratio of (1.0-1.2) to (0.9-1.1) to (0.8-1.0) to (0.7-0.9), and the juice is uniformly mixed with the dry materials of the fermentation bed padding.
4. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 3,
the preparation of the auxiliary materials comprises: soaking folium mori, scutellaria baicalensis, folium artemisiae argyi and dandelion in a weight ratio of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to water of 1:10-1:15, boiling, concentrating to 22% -26% of the weight of the water, and uniformly mixing with a dry material of a fermentation bed padding material according to a weight ratio of 1-1.5: 4-8.
5. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1,
the fermentation bed padding dry material is the dry material of the fermentation bed padding which effectively degrades pig manure and/or urine.
6. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1,
the main materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 35-38 parts of mulberry twig sawdust, 35-38 parts of lotus seed shells, 8-10 parts of wheat bran, 8-10 parts of rice bran, 6-8 parts of corn flour, 1.5-2 parts of glucose, 0.9-1.1 parts of lime and 0.9-1.1 parts of gypsum.
7. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 or 6, comprising the following specific implementation steps:
(1) preparation of a culture medium: weighing mulberry twig sawdust, lotus seed shells, wheat bran, rice bran, corn flour, glucose, lime and gypsum according to a proportion, pre-wetting the lotus seed shells with lime water for one day when the lotus seed shells are used, and draining off redundant water; the auxiliary materials are uniformly mixed and piled one day in advance, then are mixed with other main materials, water is added for mixing, and the materials are uniformly mixed, packaged, sterilized and cooled for standby;
(2) stock culture;
(3) inoculating;
(4) and (5) spawn running.
8. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 7,
the water content of the culture medium in the step (1) is 60-65%, and the culture medium is filled.
9. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 7,
and (4) after inoculation, cultivating and bagging to grow fungi, keeping the air humidity to be 60-70%, keeping proper ventilation, culturing in the dark at the temperature of 22-26 ℃, and fruiting when hypha grows to be more than 80-90% of the culture medium.
10. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 7,
and (3) fruiting management: selecting a fruiting room with good heat preservation, moisture preservation and ventilation, wherein the fruiting temperature of the chaetomium globosum is 22-28 ℃, the relative air humidity is 85% -90%, the illumination intensity is adjusted to be 600 plus 800lx, the illumination is 8-12h every day, sufficient oxygen is provided, and the cap is opened to directly fruiting or the side surface is provided with a crescent opening to fruiting;
harvesting: when the growth of sporophyte stops, the color of pileus is changed from light yellow to dark yellow, the edge is changed into yellow, and yellow spores are on the surface, the period is the harvesting optimum period, the air humidity is increased during harvesting, and the sporophyte is cut off by scissors from the base of the stalk or is picked lightly by hands.
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