CN112795518A - Disease-resistant and quality-improving microbial agent special for tobacco and application thereof - Google Patents
Disease-resistant and quality-improving microbial agent special for tobacco and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112795518A CN112795518A CN202110212188.6A CN202110212188A CN112795518A CN 112795518 A CN112795518 A CN 112795518A CN 202110212188 A CN202110212188 A CN 202110212188A CN 112795518 A CN112795518 A CN 112795518A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention provides a disease-resistant and quality-improved microbial agent special for tobacco and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological control. The microbial agent is mainly prepared by mixing tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor, jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor and cribbean bacillus fermentation liquor, wherein the bacteria concentration of the tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 10.0 hundred million/mL, the bacteria concentration of the jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 10.0 hundred million/mL, the bacteria concentration of the cribbe bacillus fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 5.0 hundred million/mL, and the volume ratio of the mixture of the tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor, the jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor and the cribbe bacillus fermentation liquor is 1: 1-2: 1 to 3. The fertilizer containing the microbial inoculum has the prevention effect of 89.73 percent on the root rot of tobacco, and the compounding of the three bacteria can obviously improve the quality of tobacco.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological control, in particular to a disease-resistant and quality-improving microbial agent special for tobacco.
Background
Tobacco is one of the main economic crops in China, and plays an important role in developing national economy. The growth period of tobacco is long, and the tobacco is easily damaged by plant diseases and insect pests, so that the development of tobacco industry is restricted, and great economic loss is caused. In China, diseases of leaf parts and roots are mainly caused, wherein damping-off, bacterial wilt, black shank and root rot of tobacco are the main diseases of roots and roots. The pathogenic strains causing the root rot are more, but most of the reports mainly use fusarium, and the tobacco fusarium root rot is a disease with great harmfulness in the seedling stage of tobacco and can occur in the seedling bed stage and the field growth stage of tobacco.
At present, the most direct and effective measure for preventing and treating the root rot of the tobacco is chemical prevention and treatment, the effect is quick, but the cost is high, the drug resistance is easy to generate, the soil is polluted after long-term application, and the residual drugs bring greater health problems to human bodies. The biological control has the characteristics of low cost, no pollution, no drug resistance and the like, so that the development of the microbial agent special for tobacco diseases is an inevitable choice for the development of the tobacco industry. The patent CN110506598A discloses a comprehensive prevention and control method for tobacco root black rot, the prevention effect reaches 88.36% by adopting the combined treatment of bacillus subtilis and chemical agents, but the method is not suitable for long-term use and easily causes the problem of soil health; patent CN111139186A discloses a Trichoderma viride strain with disease prevention and growth promotion functions and application thereof, and the prevention effect on tobacco root rot is more than 65%. At present, biocontrol bacteria mainly used for fusarium root rot are mainly fungi, such as trichoderma, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, paecilomyces lilacinus and the like, and the bacteria mainly comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and pseudomonas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a disease-resistant and quality-improved microbial agent special for tobacco, which has higher prevention effect on tobacco root rot, enriches domestic agricultural microbial strain resources and is beneficial to the development of novel fertilizers in the future.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a disease-resistant and quality-improved microbial agent special for tobacco, which is mainly prepared by mixing tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor, jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor and crinbuterol bacillus fermentation liquor, wherein the bacteria concentration of the tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 10.0 hundred million/mL, the bacteria concentration of the jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 10.0 hundred million/mL, the bacteria concentration of the crinbuterol bacillus fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 5.0 hundred million/mL, and the volume ratio of the mixture of the tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor, the jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor and the crinbuterol bacillus fermentation liquor is 1: 1-2: 1 to 3.
In the invention, the formula of the culture medium of the seeding tank and/or the fermentation tank of the Arthrobacter nicotianae is as follows: 0.05-0.1% of tryptone, 0.02-0.08% of yeast powder, 0.1-0.2% of sodium chloride and the balance of water, wherein the pH is 6.5-7.0, and the preferable fermentation condition is that the culture is carried out for 36-48 h at the temperature of 28 ℃ and at the speed of 200 r/min.
In the invention, the seed tank and/or the fermentation medium of the paenibacillus mucilaginosus comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2-0.5% of yeast extract, 0.8-2.0% of starch, 1.0-2.0% of soybean meal, 0.2-0.3% of magnesium sulfate, 0.15-0.3% of dipotassium phosphate, 7-10% of calcium carbonate, 0.05-0.08% of sodium chloride and the balance of water, wherein the pH value is 7.2-7.4; the preferable fermentation condition is 30-37 ℃ and culturing for 36-72 h at 180-200 r/min.
In the invention, the seed tank and/or fermentation tank culture medium formula of the Paenibacillus kribbensis is as follows: 0.001-0.002% of ferrous sulfate, 0.05-0.08% of potassium chloride, 0.02-0.06% of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.3% of dipotassium phosphate, 0.1-0.4% of sodium nitrate, 3-5% of sucrose and the balance of water, wherein the pH value is 6.5-7.2, and the preferable fermentation condition is that the culture is carried out for 36-72 hours at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ and at the speed of 180-200 r/min.
The invention also provides a fertilizer prepared by using the microbial agent, which is prepared by adding the microbial agent into fermented rotten materials according to the proportion of 8-15 wt%, uniformly mixing and granulating.
As a preferred technical scheme, the fermented rotten materials are obtained by rotting and fermenting mushroom residues, soybean meal and seaweed paste under the action of rotten bacteria agents.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the mushroom residues, the soybean meal and the seaweed paste is 5-10: 5-7: 2 to 4.
Preferably, the particle size of the mushroom residue, the soybean meal and the seaweed paste is 60-80 meshes.
Preferably, the method is characterized in that the temperature of the decomposing fermentation is 60-80 ℃, and the time is 10-15 days.
The microbial agent or the fertilizer can be used for preventing and treating the root rot of tobacco and improving the quality of the tobacco.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the microbial agent comprises arthrobacter tabacum, paenibacillus mucilaginosus and paenibacillus crinita. Experiments prove that the prevention effect of the microbial agent on the root rot of the tobacco reaches 89.73%, and the three bacteria are compounded to obviously improve the plant height, stem circumference, leaf width, leaf length and sugar-alkali ratio of the tobacco and improve the quality of the tobacco.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a microbial agent for preventing and treating tobacco root rot, which is mainly prepared by mixing tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor, jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor and crinbuterol bacillus fermentation liquor, wherein the bacteria concentration of the tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 10.0 hundred million/mL, the bacteria concentration of the jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 10.0 hundred million/mL, the bacteria concentration of the crinbuterol bacillus fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 5.0 hundred million/mL, and the volume ratio of the mixture of the tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor, the jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor and the crinbuterol bacillus fermentation liquor is 1: 1-2: 1 to 3.
The source of the arthrobacter tabacum, the paenibacillus mucilaginosus and the paenibacillus kribbensis is not particularly limited, and the arthrobacter tabacum, the paenibacillus mucilaginosus and the paenibacillus kribbensis known in the field can be adopted.
Optionally, the three microorganisms in the microbial agent of the invention are microbial agents obtained by respectively fermenting strains of functional bacteria to prepare fermentation broth, and mixing the obtained fermentation broths according to a certain proportion to obtain a certain proportion of viable bacteria.
As an alternative embodiment, the three functional bacteria in the invention are fermented in a triangular flask → a seeding tank → a fermentation tank in sequence to obtain a bacterial liquid with a certain concentration.
As an alternative embodiment, the shake flask culture medium of Arthrobacter nicotianae in the present invention is a beef extract peptone culture medium. The culture medium formula of the seeding tank and/or the fermentation tank of the Arthrobacter nicotianae is as follows: 0.05-0.1% of tryptone, 0.02-0.08% of yeast powder, 0.1-0.2% of sodium chloride and the balance of water, wherein the pH is 6.5-7.0, and the preferable fermentation condition is that the culture is carried out for 24-36 h at the temperature of 28-35 ℃ and at the speed of 180-200 r/min. The fermentation condition is that the culture is carried out for 24-36 h at the temperature of 28 ℃ and at the speed of 200 r/min.
As an alternative embodiment, the Paenibacillus mucilaginosus shake flask culture medium in the invention is an Ashby nitrogen-free culture medium. The culture medium formula of the seed tank and/or the fermentation tank of the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is as follows: 0.2-0.5% of yeast extract, 0.8-2.0% of starch, 1.0-2.0% of soybean meal, 0.2-0.3% of magnesium sulfate, 0.15-0.3% of dipotassium phosphate, 7-10% of calcium carbonate, 0.05-0.08% of sodium chloride and the balance of water. The pH value is 7.2-7.4. The fermentation conditions are 30-37 ℃ and 180-200 r/min, and the fermentation end point is that the spore production reaches more than 90%. The fermentation time is preferably 36-72 h, and more preferably 40-60 h.
In a preferred embodiment, the Paenibacillus kribbensis shake flask culture medium is a Czochralski culture medium. The seed tank and/or fermentation tank of the Paenibacillus kribbensis comprises the following culture medium formula: 0.001-0.002% of ferrous sulfate, 0.05-0.08% of potassium chloride, 0.02-0.06% of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.3% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.4% of sodium nitrate, 3-5% of cane sugar and the balance of water, wherein the pH value is 6.5-7.2. The fermentation conditions are 28-32 ℃ and 180-200 r/min, and the fermentation end point is that the spore production reaches more than 90%. The fermentation time is preferably 36-72 h, and more preferably 48-60 h.
The microbial fertilizer is prepared by mixing the three bacterial liquids in proportion, mixing the three bacterial liquids with fermented and decomposed materials in a proportion of 8-15 wt%, and granulating.
In the invention, the fermented rotten material is preferably obtained by rotting and fermenting mushroom residues, soybean meal and seaweed paste under the action of a rotten microbial inoculum. The decomposing microbial inoculum is a conventional decomposing fermentation microbial inoculum in the field and can be purchased from the market. The mushroom residues, the soybean meal and the seaweed paste are preferably crushed before fermentation, and the particle size is preferably 60-80 meshes. The fermentation can be carried out at normal temperature, and the optimal decomposition fermentation temperature is 60-80 ℃, and further 65-75 ℃. The decomposed fermentation takes the germination percentage as a judgment index of the decomposed end point, and the decomposed fermentation time is preferably 10-15 days. The decomposing fermentation is optionally carried out in a turning tank.
In the invention, the mixing ratio of the mixed microbial liquid to the fermented rotten clinker is preferably 10-13% (W: W).
The specific method for granulating is not particularly limited, and the conventional granulating method in the field is adopted, for example, the mixed semi-finished product is sent into an extrusion type granulator to be granulated, so that the fertilizer containing the microbial agent is obtained.
The microbial agent and the fertilizer have higher control effect on the root rot of tobacco, and can improve the quality of agricultural products, such as the plant height, stem circumference, leaf width, leaf length and sugar-alkali ratio of tobacco.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Microbial agent
And respectively fermenting the functional bacteria in a triangular flask shake flask → a seed tank → a fermentation tank to obtain the tobacco arthrobacter, the gel-like paenibacillus and the cributus paenibacillus with certain concentrations.
The shake flask culture medium of the arthrobacter nicotianae is a beef extract peptone culture medium; seeding tank and fermenter Medium: 0.1% of tryptone, 0.05% of yeast powder, 0.15% of sodium chloride and the balance of water, wherein the pH value is 6.5-7.0. The fermentation condition is 28 ℃, and the culture time is 36h at 200 r/min. The concentration of the tobacco arthrobacter at the fermentation end point is 10.0 hundred million/mL.
The shaking culture medium of the paenibacillus jelly is a nitrogen-free culture medium; seed tank and fermentation medium: 0.15% of yeast extract, 0.5% of starch, 1.5% of soybean meal powder, 0.2% of magnesium sulfate, 0.2% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 8% of calcium carbonate, 0.02% of sodium chloride and the balance of water, and the pH value is 7.2-7.4. The fermentation condition is 30 ℃ and 180r/min for 48 h. The concentration of the Paenibacillus mucilaginosus at the fermentation end point is 20.0 hundred million/mL.
The paenibacillus kribbensis shake flask culture medium is a conventional Chaudou culture medium; seeding tank and fermenter Medium: 0.002% of ferrous sulfate, 3% of sucrose, 0.2% of sodium nitrate, 0.15% of dipotassium phosphate, 0.06% of magnesium sulfate solution, 0.06% of potassium chloride solution and the balance of water, wherein the pH value is 6.5-7.2. The fermentation condition is 30 ℃ and 200r/min for 40 h. The concentration of Paenibacillus kribbensis at the end of fermentation is 18.0 hundred million/mL.
And uniformly mixing the fermentation liquor of the arthrobacter tabacum, the paenibacillus mucilaginosus and the paenibacillus kribbensis according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain the mixed microbial liquid.
Example 2
Microbial agent
The culture medium of example 1 was used to ferment functional bacteria to obtain Arthrobacter nicotianae, Paenibacillus mucilaginosus and Paenibacillus kribbensis with certain concentrations.
The fermentation conditions of the Arthrobacter nicotianae fermentation tank culture are 28 ℃ and 200r/min for 24 h. The concentration of the tobacco arthrobacter at the fermentation end point is 11.0 hundred million/mL.
The fermentation conditions of the fermentation tank culture of the Paenibacillus mucilaginosus are 35 ℃ and 200r/min for 72 h. The concentration of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus at the end of fermentation is 23.0 hundred million/mL.
The fermentation conditions of the fermentation tank culture of Paenibacillus kribbensis are 28 ℃ and 180r/min for 36 h. The concentration of Paenibacillus kribbensis at the end of fermentation is 16.0 hundred million/mL.
And uniformly mixing the fermentation liquor of the arthrobacter tabacum, the paenibacillus mucilaginosus and the paenibacillus kribbensis according to the volume ratio of 1:1:3 to obtain the mixed microbial liquid.
Example 3
Microbial agent
The culture medium of example 1 was used to ferment functional bacteria to obtain Arthrobacter nicotianae, Paenibacillus mucilaginosus and Paenibacillus kribbensis with certain concentrations.
The fermentation conditions of the Arthrobacter nicotianae fermentation tank culture are 28 ℃ and 200r/min for 36 h. The concentration of the tobacco arthrobacter at the fermentation end point is 18.0 hundred million/mL.
The fermentation conditions of the fermentation tank culture of the Paenibacillus mucilaginosus are 37 ℃ and 190r/min for 36 h. The concentration of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus at the end of fermentation is 15.0 hundred million/mL.
The fermentation conditions of the fermentation tank culture of Paenibacillus kribbensis are 32 ℃ and 190r/min for 24 hours. The concentration of Paenibacillus kribbensis at the end of fermentation is 8.0 hundred million/mL.
And uniformly mixing the fermentation liquor of the arthrobacter tabacum, the paenibacillus mucilaginosus and the paenibacillus kribbensis according to the volume ratio of 1:2:3 to obtain the mixed microbial liquid.
Example 4
According to the following steps: 5: 2, weighing the mushroom residue, the soybean meal and the seaweed paste according to the weight ratio, and crushing the mixture to 80 meshes. And conveying the crushed raw materials to a turning groove, adding an organic material decomposing microbial inoculum for decomposing for 10-15 days, and taking the germination percentage as a judgment index of a decomposing end point to obtain the fermented decomposed material.
The mixed microbial liquid obtained in the embodiment 1 is added into fermented rotten materials according to 8 wt%, mixed and adsorbed, and the mixed semi-finished product is granulated by an extrusion type granulator to obtain the disease-resistant and quality-improved microbial fertilizer special for tobacco.
Example 5
According to the following steps of 10: 7: 3, weighing the mushroom residue, the soybean meal and the seaweed paste according to the weight ratio, and crushing the mixture to 80 meshes. And conveying the crushed raw materials to a turning groove, adding an organic material decomposing microbial inoculum for decomposing for 10-15 days, and taking the germination percentage as a judgment index of a decomposing end point to obtain the fermented decomposed material.
The mixed microbial liquid obtained in the embodiment 1 is added into fermented rotten materials according to the weight percentage of 10 percent, mixed and adsorbed, and the mixed semi-finished product is granulated by an extrusion type granulator to obtain the disease-resistant and quality-improved microbial fertilizer special for tobacco.
Example 6
According to the following steps of 9: 6: 4, weighing the mushroom residue, the soybean meal and the seaweed paste according to the weight ratio, and crushing to obtain the particle size of 80 meshes. And conveying the crushed raw materials to a turning groove, adding an organic material decomposing microbial inoculum for decomposing for 10-15 days, and taking the germination percentage as a judgment index of a decomposing end point to obtain the fermented decomposed material.
The mixed microbial liquid obtained in the embodiment 1 is added into fermented rotten materials according to 12 wt%, mixed and adsorbed, and the mixed semi-finished product is granulated by an extrusion type granulator to form a columnar body, namely the disease-resistant and quality-improved microbial fertilizer special for tobacco.
Example 7
Field test of disease-resistant and quality-improved microbial agent special for tobacco
Test site: tobacco planting area in Xichang city Xiang county of Henan province
Fertilizer for test: example 4 relates to a microbial Fertilizer
Test subjects: flue-cured tobacco K326
The test is carried out by 4 treatments, the test is repeated for 3 times, the total number of the cells is 12, 150 tobacco plants are planted in each cell, the row spacing is 1.2m, the plant spacing is 60cm, the ridge height is 30cm, and the protection rows are arranged on the periphery, and the specific treatment is as follows:
treatment 1 blank control
Treatment 2 conventional fertilisation
Special microbial fertilizer for treating 3 conventional fertilization and sterilization tobacco
Special microbial fertilizer for treating 4 conventional fertilization and tobacco
Fertilizing and managing
Conventional fertilization of tobacco: 1000 kg/mu of decomposed organic fertilizer, 250 kg/mu of sheep manure and 15 kg/mu of special compound fertilizer for tobacco (the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio is 15:10:20) are applied after the tobacco is transplanted, and 15 kg/mu of special compound fertilizer for tobacco (the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio is 15:10:20) is applied in the agglomeration stage. And 3, treating 3 and 4, before transplanting, serving as base fertilizers, ditching and broadcasting, wherein the application amount is 200 kg/mu.
Test results
(1) Control effect of different treatments on root rot of K326 tobacco of flue-cured tobacco
The incidence of tobacco root rot was recorded after topping for all treatment groups as shown in table 1 below. The microbial fertilizer containing the microbial agent can reduce the incidence rate of tobacco root rot, and the relative prevention effect reaches 89.73%.
TABLE 2 control of tobacco root rot by different treatments
| Treatment group | Index of disease condition | Relative prevention efficacy/%) |
| Process 1 | 30.71 | / |
| Treatment 2 | 9.05 | 70.53 |
| Treatment 3 | 8.69 | 71.70 |
| Treatment 4 | 3.15 | 89.73 |
(2) Influence of different treatments on quality of flue-cured tobacco K326
After topping, all treatment groups detect indexes of the tobacco plants, such as plant height, stem circumference, leaf width, leaf length and the like, and sugar-base ratio of the upper tobacco leaves after baking, and are specifically shown in the following table 3. The test result shows that compared with the conventional fertilization, the microbial fertilizer containing the microbial agent can obviously improve the plant height, stem circumference, leaf width, leaf length and sugar-alkali ratio.
TABLE 3 influence of different treatments on the quality of flue-cured tobacco K326
| Treatment group | Height/cm of topping plant | Circumference of the stem/mm | Leaf width/cm | Leaf length/cm | Ratio of sugar to base |
| Process 1 | 94.6 | 9.6 | 34.6 | 76.7 | 5.72 |
| Treatment 2 | 97.8 | 9.8 | 36.2 | 77.3 | 7.38 |
| Treatment 3 | 98.1 | 9.9 | 36.9 | 77.6 | 7.95 |
| Treatment 4 | 100.7 | 10.5 | 37.5 | 78.8 | 9.04 |
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The special microbial agent for resisting diseases and improving quality of tobacco is characterized by being prepared by mixing tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor, jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor and crinbuterol bacillus fermentation liquor, wherein the bacteria concentration of the tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 10.0 hundred million/mL, the bacteria concentration of the jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 10.0 hundred million/mL, the bacteria concentration of the crinbuterol bacillus fermentation liquor is more than or equal to 5.0 hundred million/mL, and the volume ratio of the mixture of the tobacco arthrobacter fermentation liquor, the jelly-like bacillus fermentation liquor and the crinbuterol bacillus fermentation liquor is 1: 1-2: 1 to 3.
2. The microbial inoculant according to claim 1, wherein the seeding tank and/or fermenter medium of Arthrobacter nicotianae has the following formula: 0.05-0.1% of tryptone, 0.02-0.08% of yeast powder, 0.1-0.2% of sodium chloride and 6.5-7.0 of pH, wherein the preferable fermentation condition is that the culture is carried out for 36-48 h at the temperature of 28 ℃ and at the speed of 200 r/min.
3. The microbial inoculant according to claim 1, wherein the seed tank and/or fermentation medium of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus is formulated as: 0.2-0.5% of yeast extract, 0.8-2.0% of starch, 1.0-2.0% of soybean meal, 0.2-0.3% of magnesium sulfate, 0.15-0.3% of dipotassium phosphate, 7-10% of calcium carbonate, 0.05-0.08% of sodium chloride and 7.2-7.4% of pH; the preferable fermentation condition is 30-37 ℃ and culturing for 36-72 h at 180-200 r/min.
4. The microbial inoculant according to claim 1, wherein the seed tank and/or fermenter medium formulation of paenibacillus kribbensis is: 0.001-0.002% of ferrous sulfate, 0.05-0.08% of potassium chloride, 0.02-0.06% of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.3% of dipotassium phosphate, 0.1-0.4% of sodium nitrate, 3-5% of sucrose and 6.5-7.2 of pH, wherein the preferable fermentation conditions are that the culture is carried out for 36-72 hours at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ and at the speed of 180-200 r/min.
5. A fertilizer prepared by using the microbial agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microbial agent is obtained by mixing 8 to 15 wt% of the microbial agent with fermented decomposed materials and granulating the mixture.
6. The fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the fermented decomposed materials are obtained by decomposing and fermenting mushroom residues, soybean meal and seaweed paste under the action of decomposed microbial inoculum.
7. The fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein the weight ratio of the mushroom residue to the soybean meal to the seaweed mud is 7-10: 5-7: 2 to 4.
8. The fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mushroom residue, the soybean meal and the seaweed paste have a particle size of 60 to 80 meshes.
9. The fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the decomposing fermentation is 60-80 ℃ and the time is 10-15 days.
10. Use of the microbial inoculant of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the fertilizer of any one of claims 5 to 9 for controlling tobacco root rot and improving tobacco quality.
Priority Applications (1)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114058556A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-02-18 | 河北省微生物研究所有限公司 | Preparation method of compound microbial agent |
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