CN112795361B - 一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112795361B
CN112795361B CN202011642431.XA CN202011642431A CN112795361B CN 112795361 B CN112795361 B CN 112795361B CN 202011642431 A CN202011642431 A CN 202011642431A CN 112795361 B CN112795361 B CN 112795361B
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朱志方
朱嘉伟
朱同武
朱立芳
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,涉及粘结剂技术领域,包括以下步骤:将经混酸氧化处理后的碳纳米管加入到硅溶胶中,超声分散,干燥,研磨,煅烧,然后加入到γ‑(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷乙醇溶液,搅拌反应,得改性碳纳米管复合材料;将二异氰酸酯、阻聚剂、胺类催化剂和改性碳纳米管复合材料混合,搅拌反应,得改性二异氰酸酯;将改性二异氰酸酯、二异氰酸酯和引发剂混合,搅拌反应,得二异氰酸酯预聚体;将二异氰酸酯预聚体、甲基丙烯酸酯、羟基多元醇、二月桂酸二丁基锡、颜填料、助剂、溶剂混合,搅拌反应,即得。本发明用于红木加工中粘接,粘力牢固,且对于小块木材进行粘接定型压弯,耐弯曲不开裂。

Description

一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及粘结剂技术领域,尤其涉及一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法。
背景技术
胶黏剂是现代工业发展中必不可少的重要材料之一,粘接技术在现代国民经济的各个领域中发挥着重大作用。聚氨酯胶黏剂是指在分子链中含有氨基甲酸酯基团(-NHCOO-)或异氰酸酯基(-NCO)的胶黏剂,其具有高度的活性与极性,与多种材料如泡沫塑料、木材、皮革、织物、纸张、陶瓷等多孔材料,以及金属、玻璃、橡胶、塑料等表面光洁的材料都有优良的化学粘结力,此外,聚氨酯胶黏剂还具有良好的韧性、可调节性、粘合工艺简便、极佳的耐低温性能以及优良的稳定性等特性。正是由于聚氨酯胶黏剂这种优良的粘接性能和对多种基材的粘接适应性,使其应用领域不断扩大,被普遍应用于汽车、家具、建筑、纺织等领域。
红木被广泛地应用于建筑结构、装饰材料、家具等各种用途。从原木到实木成品需要经过一系列的机械加工和胶合工艺,如其制造过程中所涉及到的榫接合、指接、薄木模贴、拼板等工艺均离不开胶合技术。由此可见,胶黏剂在红木家具的生产中占有十分重要的地位,胶合性能的好坏直接影响着其在实木制品中的应用及木材附加值的提升。由于红木密度大、质地坚硬且细腻,在胶合的过程中,不易被渗透,这样在制作面板等产品时,因胶合强度低在拼板胶合时会产生开胶现象;此外,红木材料拼接加工过程中,还存在胶黏剂耐热性及柔韧性性能不佳等问题。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,制得的粘结剂用于红木粘接,粘力牢固,且对于小块木材进行粘接定型压弯,耐弯曲不开裂。
本发明提出的一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将经混酸氧化处理后的碳纳米管加入到硅溶胶中,超声分散,干燥,研磨,煅烧,得复合材料;再向复合材料中加入γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇溶液,搅拌反应,洗涤,干燥,得改性碳纳米管复合材料;
S2、将二异氰酸酯、阻聚剂、胺类催化剂和改性碳纳米管复合材料混合,搅拌反应,得改性二异氰酸酯;其中,二异氰酸酯是由异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯复配组成的;
S3、将改性二异氰酸酯、二异氰酸酯和引发剂混合,搅拌反应,得二异氰酸酯预聚体;
S4、将二异氰酸酯预聚体、甲基丙烯酸酯、羟基多元醇、二月桂酸二丁基锡、颜填料、助剂、溶剂混合,搅拌反应,即得;其中,羟基多元醇是由聚四氢呋喃二醇和芳香族聚酯二醇复配组成的。
优选地,S1中,硅溶胶中SiO2含量为30%,碳纳米管和硅溶胶中SiO2的重量比为1:0.6-0.8,碳纳米管和γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的重量比为1:1-1.4;优选地,煅烧温度为220-270℃,煅烧时间为30-40min;优选地,向复合材料中加入γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇溶液,于40-50℃下搅拌反应3-5h。
优选地,S2中,二异氰酸酯和改性碳纳米管的重量比为1:0.5-0.8;优选地,二异氰酸酯中,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯的重量百分比为80-95:5-20。
优选地,S3中,改性二异氰酸酯和二异氰酸酯的重量百分比为70-80:20-30;优选地,于70-80℃下搅拌反应2-3h。
优选地,S4中,控制反应体系中n(NCO):n(OH)=1.2-1.3。
优选地,S4中,羟基多元醇中,聚四氢呋喃二醇和芳香族聚酯二醇的重量百分比为60-80:20-40。
优选地,S4中,甲基丙烯酸酯的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体重量的8-15%;颜填料的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体和羟基多元醇总重量的20-30%。
优选地,S4中,于70-80℃下搅拌反应2-3h。
有益效果:本发明提出了一种红木粘结剂的制备方法,其制备中,碳纳米管经氧化处理后,表面羧基含量提高,将其置于硅溶胶中,使得SiO2粒子附着在碳纳米管的表面,再经γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷改性,在材料表面引入环氧基团,将该改性碳纳米管材料加入到二异氰酸酯中,在胺类催化剂的作用下反应,从而将该改性材料接枝到聚氨酯分子上,提高材料的耐热、耐水解等综合性能。采用耐黄变耐水解的异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯和具有良好强度、粘附力及柔韧性的四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯进行复配制备二异氰酸酯预聚体,再与羟基多元醇进行反应,通过对原料及用量的合理调控,制得的潮气固化聚氨酯粘结剂具有良好的黏附力、耐热性、柔韧性、耐水解性,且附着力好、稳定性好,常温一年储存稳定。将该粘结剂用于硬质木材——红木加工中粘接,粘力牢固,且对于小块木材进行粘接定型压弯,耐弯曲不开裂,从而有效缓解行业对大板木材料的依赖。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
本发明提出的一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将经混酸氧化处理后的碳纳米管加入到硅溶胶(SiO2含量为30%)中,超声分散,60℃下干燥,研磨,于220℃下煅烧40min,得复合材料;再向复合材料中加入γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇溶液,于40℃下搅拌反应5h,洗涤,干燥,得改性碳纳米管复合材料;其中,碳纳米管和硅溶胶中SiO2的重量比为1:0.6,碳纳米管和γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的重量比为1:1;
S2、将二异氰酸酯、阻聚剂、胺类催化剂和改性碳纳米管复合材料混合,搅拌反应,得改性二异氰酸酯;其中,二异氰酸酯是由异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯按照95:5的重量百分比复配组成的,二异氰酸酯和改性碳纳米管的重量比为1:0.5;
S3、将改性二异氰酸酯、二异氰酸酯和引发剂混合,于70℃下搅拌反应2h,得二异氰酸酯预聚体;其中,改性二异氰酸酯和二异氰酸酯的重量百分比为70:30;
S4、将二异氰酸酯预聚体、甲基丙烯酸酯、羟基多元醇、二月桂酸二丁基锡、颜填料、助剂、溶剂混合,控制反应体系中n(NCO):n(OH)=1.2,于70℃下搅拌反应3h,即得;其中,羟基多元醇是由聚四氢呋喃二醇和芳香族聚酯二醇按照60:40的重量百分比复配组成的,甲基丙烯酸酯的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体重量的8%;颜填料的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体和羟基多元醇总重量的20%。
实施例2
本发明提出的一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将经混酸氧化处理后的碳纳米管加入到硅溶胶(SiO2含量为30%)中,超声分散,65℃下干燥,研磨,于270℃下煅烧30min,得复合材料;再向复合材料中加入γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇溶液,于50℃下搅拌反应3h,洗涤,干燥,得改性碳纳米管复合材料;其中,碳纳米管和硅溶胶中SiO2的重量比为1:0.8,碳纳米管和γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的重量比为1:1.4;
S2、将二异氰酸酯、阻聚剂、胺类催化剂和改性碳纳米管复合材料混合,搅拌反应,得改性二异氰酸酯;其中,二异氰酸酯是由异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯按照80:20的重量百分比复配组成的,二异氰酸酯和改性碳纳米管的重量比为1:0.8;
S3、将改性二异氰酸酯、二异氰酸酯和引发剂混合,于80℃下搅拌反应3h,得二异氰酸酯预聚体;其中,改性二异氰酸酯和二异氰酸酯的重量百分比为80:20;
S4、将二异氰酸酯预聚体、甲基丙烯酸酯、羟基多元醇、二月桂酸二丁基锡、颜填料、助剂、溶剂混合,控制反应体系中n(NCO):n(OH)=1.3,于80℃下搅拌反应2h,即得;其中,羟基多元醇是由聚四氢呋喃二醇和芳香族聚酯二醇按照80:20的重量百分比复配组成的,甲基丙烯酸酯的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体重量的15%;颜填料的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体和羟基多元醇总重量的30%。
实施例3
本发明提出的一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将经混酸氧化处理后的碳纳米管加入到硅溶胶(SiO2含量为30%)中,超声分散,65℃下干燥,研磨,于240℃下煅烧30min,得复合材料;再向复合材料中加入γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇溶液,于45℃下搅拌反应4h,洗涤,干燥,得改性碳纳米管复合材料;其中,碳纳米管和硅溶胶中SiO2的重量比为1:0.7,碳纳米管和γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的重量比为1:1.2;
S2、将二异氰酸酯、阻聚剂、胺类催化剂和改性碳纳米管复合材料混合,搅拌反应,得改性二异氰酸酯;其中,二异氰酸酯是由异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯按照90:10的重量百分比复配组成的,二异氰酸酯和改性碳纳米管的重量比为1:0.6;
S3、将改性二异氰酸酯、二异氰酸酯和引发剂混合,于75℃下搅拌反应2.5h,得二异氰酸酯预聚体;其中,改性二异氰酸酯和二异氰酸酯的重量百分比为75:25;
S4、将二异氰酸酯预聚体、甲基丙烯酸酯、羟基多元醇、二月桂酸二丁基锡、颜填料、助剂、溶剂混合,控制反应体系中n(NCO):n(OH)=1.24,于75℃下搅拌反应2.5h,即得;其中,羟基多元醇是由聚四氢呋喃二醇和芳香族聚酯二醇按照68:32的重量百分比复配组成的,甲基丙烯酸酯的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体重量的10%;颜填料的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体和羟基多元醇总重量的24%。
实施例4
本发明提出的一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将经混酸氧化处理后的碳纳米管加入到硅溶胶(SiO2含量为30%)中,超声分散,65℃下干燥,研磨,于260℃下煅烧40min,得复合材料;再向复合材料中加入γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇溶液,于50℃下搅拌反应4h,洗涤,干燥,得改性碳纳米管复合材料;其中,碳纳米管和硅溶胶中SiO2的重量比为1:0.75,碳纳米管和γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的重量比为1:1.3;
S2、将二异氰酸酯、阻聚剂、胺类催化剂和改性碳纳米管复合材料混合,搅拌反应,得改性二异氰酸酯;其中,二异氰酸酯是由异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯按照85:15的重量百分比复配组成的,二异氰酸酯和改性碳纳米管的重量比为1:0.7;
S3、将改性二异氰酸酯、二异氰酸酯和引发剂混合,于75℃下搅拌反应2.5h,得二异氰酸酯预聚体;其中,改性二异氰酸酯和二异氰酸酯的重量百分比为78:22;
S4、将二异氰酸酯预聚体、甲基丙烯酸酯、羟基多元醇、二月桂酸二丁基锡、颜填料、助剂、溶剂混合,控制反应体系中n(NCO):n(OH)=1.27,于75℃下搅拌反应2.5h,即得;其中,羟基多元醇是由聚四氢呋喃二醇和芳香族聚酯二醇按照70:30的重量百分比复配组成的,甲基丙烯酸酯的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体重量的12%;颜填料的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体和羟基多元醇总重量的28%。
对比例
与实施例2相比,区别仅在于:S1中,将经混酸氧化处理后的碳纳米管进加入到γ-(2.3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇溶液,于50℃下搅拌反应3h,洗涤,干燥,得改性碳纳米管复合材料;其它步骤及条件均与实施例2相同。
对本发明实施例1-4和对比例制得的红木粘结剂的性能进行测试(GB/T528-2009),结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1-4和对比例制得的红木粘结剂的性能数据
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 对比例
拉伸强度(MPa) 20.8 27.8 25.4 28.7 16.9
拉伸伸长率(%) 403 425 411 428 282
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、将经混酸氧化处理后的碳纳米管加入到硅溶胶中,超声分散,干燥,研磨,煅烧,得复合材料;再向复合材料中加入γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇溶液,搅拌反应,洗涤,干燥,得改性碳纳米管复合材料;
S2、将二异氰酸酯、阻聚剂、胺类催化剂和改性碳纳米管复合材料混合,搅拌反应,得改性二异氰酸酯;其中,二异氰酸酯是由异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯复配组成的;
S3、将改性二异氰酸酯、二异氰酸酯和引发剂混合,搅拌反应,得二异氰酸酯预聚体;
S4、将二异氰酸酯预聚体、甲基丙烯酸酯、羟基多元醇、二月桂酸二丁基锡、颜填料、助剂、溶剂混合,搅拌反应,即得;其中,羟基多元醇是由聚四氢呋喃二醇和芳香族聚酯二醇复配组成的;
在S1中,硅溶胶中SiO2含量为30%,碳纳米管和硅溶胶中SiO2的重量比为1:0.6-0.8,碳纳米管和γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的重量比为1:1-1.4;煅烧温度为220-270℃,煅烧时间为30-40min;向复合材料中加入γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的乙醇溶液,于40-50℃下搅拌反应3-5h;
在S2中,二异氰酸酯和改性碳纳米管的重量比为1:0.5-0.8;二异氰酸酯中,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯的重量百分比为80-95:5-20;
在S3中,所述改性二异氰酸酯和二异氰酸酯的重量百分比为70-80:20-30;
在S4中,控制反应体系中n(NCO):n(OH) = 1.2-1.3;所述甲基丙烯酸酯的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体重量的8-15%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,其特征在于,S3中,于70-80℃下搅拌反应2-3h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,其特征在于,S4中,所述羟基多元醇中,聚四氢呋喃二醇和芳香族聚酯二醇的重量百分比为60-80:20-40。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,其特征在于,S4中,颜填料的用量为二异氰酸酯预聚体和羟基多元醇总重量的20-30%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高耐热可热变弯曲的红木粘结剂的制备方法,其特征在于,S4中,于70-80℃下搅拌反应2-3h。
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