CN112790197B - 新型皮革防霉护理剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
新型皮革防霉护理剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112790197B CN112790197B CN202110317826.0A CN202110317826A CN112790197B CN 112790197 B CN112790197 B CN 112790197B CN 202110317826 A CN202110317826 A CN 202110317826A CN 112790197 B CN112790197 B CN 112790197B
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- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 69
- -1 organic acid salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004283 Sodium sorbate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XJMWHXZUIGHOBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;propanoic acid Chemical compound N.CCC(O)=O XJMWHXZUIGHOBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010331 calcium propionate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004330 calcium propionate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OPGYRRGJRBEUFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;diacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPGYRRGJRBEUFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium butyrate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC([O-])=O MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017454 sodium diacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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- LROWVYNUWKVTCU-STWYSWDKSA-M sodium sorbate Chemical compound [Na+].C\C=C\C=C\C([O-])=O LROWVYNUWKVTCU-STWYSWDKSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000001433 sodium tartrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XTJKNGLLPGBHHO-HNNXBMFYSA-N (2s)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-(dodecanoylamino)pentanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCN=C(N)N XTJKNGLLPGBHHO-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 59
- XJTMYVOVQZMMKX-KRWDZBQOSA-N ethyl (2s)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-(dodecanoylamino)pentanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OCC)CCCN=C(N)N XJTMYVOVQZMMKX-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 abstract description 57
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 150000001793 charged compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 5
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- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- PESXGULMKCKJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methoxycarbonylphenolate Chemical compound [Na+].COC(=O)C1=CC=C([O-])C=C1 PESXGULMKCKJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- KFLRWGSAMLBHBV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;pyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 KFLRWGSAMLBHBV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
本发明提供一种用于皮革或皮革护理剂的防腐剂或防霉型,其包括月桂酰精氨酸乙酯(LAE)及其离子对衍生物。本发明还提供制备所述皮革或皮革护理剂的防腐剂或防霉型的方法及其制备的皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂。本发明的皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂,具有天然无毒、高效抑菌、易于降解、环境友好的特点。
Description
本申请是申请日为2019年6月21日、申请号为201910543733.2、发明名称为“新型皮革防霉护理剂及其制备方法和应用”的中国发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及皮革防霉护理剂或防霉剂,具体是涉及含有月桂酰精氨酸乙酯衍生物(离子对化合物)的防霉剂或防霉护理剂,该月桂酰精氨酸乙酯离子对具有抗菌效果,能帮助护理剂在发挥护理功能的同时,还能保持护理剂稳定和发挥抗菌防腐效果。
背景技术
天然皮革富含蛋白质和脂类物质,在鞣制和存储过程中容易受到真菌的攻击、侵蚀,会对革的质量、外观带来极大的影响。为了防止皮革及革制品发霉,通常的办法是在制革工序中加入防霉剂来抑制真菌的生长。传统的皮革防霉剂三氯苯酚因为环保安全问题已被禁用,目前业内常用的防霉剂是2-硫氰基甲基硫代苯并噻唑(TCMTB),是一种由美国巴克曼公司开发的高效环保防霉剂。然而,由于业内长期使用该防霉剂,导致真菌的耐药性越来越强,该防霉剂的防霉效果已经大幅降低,难以满足实际需求。针对这个问题,US 6110950公开了一种含丙环唑和2-硫氰基甲基硫代苯并噻唑的组合物,US 20060014810公开了一种含2,4,4'-三氯-2'-羟基二苯醚(三氯生)和4-甲苯基-二碘甲基砜的组合物,这两种组合物均可用于皮革防霉,但防霉效果均不够理想,难以满足实际需求。
此外,皮革制品在自然条件下容易吸附灰尘,如果用过的皮革制品不经过清洁护理的话,容易发霉,霉菌在皮革上的滋生,轻者会使皮革失去光泽,重者霉菌分泌的酶,会侵蚀皮革纤维,造成粒面脆裂和霉烂,使皮革的物理机械性能降低,缩短真皮制品的使用寿命。特别是南方潮湿多雨的地区,皮革的防霉护理尤为必要。现有的皮革护理剂,多以增强皮革的柔软和光亮度为目的,防霉性能不强。
中国发明专利申请2017111358451、“环保型皮革防霉剂的制作方法”公开了包含聚乙烯、亚氯酸钠、偏硅酸、植物精油、烷基糖苷、脂肪酸磺烷基酯、含氟硅油、动物脂肪皮革加脂剂的皮革防霉剂。该防霉剂通过加入不同性能的组分,使得该防霉剂不仅具有较强的抗菌、防霉效果,同时还能够对皮革具有滋养、保护作用。但是,该防霉剂包含有毒性成分亚氯酸钠作为主要抑菌成分,同时需要加入多种有机成分,其组合物降解时间过长,且对环境具有一定的影响。
中国发明专利申请2017106699348、“一种皮革防霉剂及其制备方法”公开了包含丙环唑、吡啶硫酮钠、碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯、乳化剂的皮革防霉剂,通过丙环唑、吡啶硫酮钠和碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯的三种活性抑菌成分进行防霉处理,拓宽了防霉剂的抑菌谱,增加了协同增效作用。然而该防霉剂仍然是针对使用毒性化合物来杀灭微生物,以克服现有皮革防霉剂常出现的耐药性问题,长期使用对于环境仍然存在影响。
中国发明专利申请2015108899157、“皮革防霉护理剂”公开了一种包含N-(2,2-二氯乙烯)为水杨酰胺、N-辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、纳米氧化锌的防霉剂及其制备的皮革护理剂,其主要通过N-(2,2-二氯乙烯)为水杨酰胺、N-辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、纳米氧化锌的毒性作用,来提高皮革的防霉效果,增加皮革的贮藏稳定性。然而,该防霉剂仍然需要对环境和生物体的毒性成分,长期使用对于环境仍然存在影响。
因此,目前研究天然无毒型的皮革防霉剂及其所制备的皮革护理剂,成为皮革制品中的研究热点。
月桂酰精氨酸乙酯(Ethyl lauroyl arginate,LAE)是一种由脂肪酸和二元氨基酸缩合而成的有机物,为白色吸湿性固体,在pH3~7范围内化学性质稳定,熔点50~58℃,该温度下247g的LAE可分散于1kg的水中,它在水和油中的分配系数大于10,即主要存在于水相中。研究发现,月桂酰精氨酸乙酯LAE具有抗菌能力强、生物毒性低、体内代谢效果好、与环境相容性高的特点。而其中最具代表性的特点是月桂酰精氨酸乙酯代谢无残留,相关研究显示月桂酰精氨酸乙酯在人体与动物体内可快速进行自然代谢,首先被水解成月桂酰精氨酸(LAS)和乙醇,之后LAS又被水解为天然存在的膳食成分月桂酸和精氨酸,月桂酸会被进一步代谢为二氧化碳和水,精氨酸则被代谢为鸟氨酸、尿素及二氧化碳。月桂酰精氨酸乙酯代谢过程中所产生的所有初级代谢产物及终产物都是无毒无害的,与人和动物日常摄取的食物在体内的代谢产物相同。
2005年,美国FDA批准LAE为GRAS(一般公认安全)类食品添加剂,2007年通过了欧洲食品安全管理局(EFSA)的安全食品认证,2011年国际食品法典委员会将LAE列入食品添加剂通用法典标准中,许可LAE作为防腐剂用于20多种食品及生鲜农产品中。
中国专利申请CN201710056593、发明名称为“一种果蔬防腐保鲜剂及其制备方法和应用”公开了以月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐和尼泊金甲酯钠为主要活性成分的组合物来作为果蔬防腐保鲜剂,能够有效抑制导致果蔬腐烂的细菌生长。然而,该发明中高浓度的尼泊金甲酯钠(2000μg/ml)的单独抑菌效果强于低浓度的LAE(1000μg/ml),这是因为其具有酚羟基结构,抗菌性能远远强于苯甲酸、山梨酸,因此在保证防腐性能的前提下,该方法明确指出使用尼泊金甲酯钠代替LAE,有助于降低防腐剂的用量成本。
中国专利申请CN201510748675、发明名称为“采用月桂酰精氨酸乙酯抑制酒精发酵污染微生物的方法”公开了采用月桂酰精氨酸乙酯抑制酒精发酵污染微生物的方法,该方法包括将LAE及其盐类化合物,以低于50μg/ml的浓度加入酿酒酵母的发酵液中,能有效抑制乳酸菌的生长,并控制其他污染微生物的生长。然而,该抑菌剂在一定程度上轻微影响酵母菌的生长,并导致酒精产量降低0.6%。
中国专利申请CN201610466729、发明名称为“一种温和的婴童洗发沐浴泡泡”公开了一种温和的婴童洗发沐浴泡泡,其针对婴童毛发及肤质的特点,选用椰油酰谷氨酸二钠、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱及磺酸羟丙酯月桂基葡糖苷交联聚合物钠复配作为表面活性剂体系,选用山茶籽油、α-葡聚糖寡糖/菊粉复配物作为调理成分,野菊花提取物和月桂酰精氨酸乙酯HCl复配作为防腐体系,该发明中各原料互相协作,清洁效果好,温和无刺激。
目前,没有使用LAE及其衍生物用于皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂的报道。面对全球最大的皮革加工市场,我国需要一种新的高效、无毒、稳定的皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂。
综上所述,现有技术中已经开展对LAE的研究,但还未见将LAE、甚至是LAE衍生物用于制备皮革防霉护理剂的相关报道。
发明内容
现有的发明并未教导如何使用单一的LAE成分作为皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂的用途,也未公开LAE在作为皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂的适宜浓度。因此,本发明一方面,利用LAE作为防腐剂的抑菌效果,首次将其用于皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂的研究中,并通过实验确定其适宜的使用浓度,以达到有效抗菌防病效果的同时,对环境产生的负面影响小,毒副作用低。另一方面,在以上研究的基础上,根据月桂酰精氨酸乙酯LAE具有抗菌能力强、生物毒性低、体内代谢效果好、与环境相容性高且常温下与其他化合物不发生反应的特点,进一步对LAE进行改进,获得一种新型衍生物,即将LAE与有机酸盐发生缩合反应,从而获得LAE离子对化合物。该离子对化合物作为皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂成分,相对于LAE具有抑菌效果更好、且使用剂量更低的优点,从而更利于制备天然无毒、稳定的皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂。其中,所述LAE或其离子对化合物成分作为主要或唯一的抑菌和防腐成分。
因此,本发明第一个发明目的是提供月桂酰精氨酸乙酯LAE用于制备环保无毒的皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂的用途。
在一个实施方案中,所述LAE包括式(I)所示的月桂酰精氨酸乙酯化合物(LAE化合物)或其水合物或药学上可接受的盐。
其中,
X是卤素或者HSO4;优选地,为Br,Cl或者HSO4;
R1是含有8-14个碳原子的直链饱和脂肪酸基团、或含有8-14个碳原子的直链含氧酸基团。
R2是含有1-18个碳原子的直链脂肪酸基团、或含有1-18个碳原子的支链脂肪酸基团、或含有1-18个碳原子的芳香基团,或含有1-4个碳原子的直链基团。
R3是下列结构的一种:
n的范围是0-4。
在一个优选实施方案中,所述X是Cl,所述式(I)所示的化合物是月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐(LAEHCl),其结构式如下式(II)所示:
其中,所述LAE在皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂中的质量百分比浓度为0.001-2%;优选地,为0.001-0.01%、0.01-0.1%、0.05-0.1%、0.1-0.2%、0.1-1%、1-2%或1.5-2%进一步优选地,为0.1-1%或0.1-0.2%。
本发明第二个发明目的是提供LAE离子对化合物用于制备环保无毒的皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂的用途,其中所述LAE离子对化合物具有如下式(III)所示结构式:
在一个实施方案中,其中,所述RCOO-有机酸或盐选自具有抗菌活性的水杨酸、甲酸、甲酸铵、甲酸钙、乙酸、双乙酸钠、丙酸、丙酸铵、丙酸钠、丙酸钙、丁酸、丁酸钠、乳酸、苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、山梨酸、山梨酸钠、山梨酸钾、富马酸、柠檬酸、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸钙、酒石酸、苹果酸、磷酸、碳酸钠、草酸或碳酸。在一个优选实施方案中,所述有机酸盐选自烟酸、酒石酸、草酸。
在一个实施方案中,所述LAE离子对在皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂中的质量百分比浓度为0.001-2%;优选地,为0.001-0.01%、0.01-0.1%、0.05-0.1%、0.1-0.2%、0.1-1%、1-2%或1.5-2%;进一步优选地,为0.1-1%或0.1-0.2%。
本发明第三个发明目的是提供制备含有上述LAE离子对化合物的环保无毒的皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂的方法,步骤包括:
(1)加热溶解式(II)所示的化合物,而后加入式(III)中所示的有机酸盐溶液;
(2)充分搅拌混匀,并在加热的条件下,反应得到LAE离子对化合物,所述反应如下反应式所示:
其中,所述RCOO-有机酸或盐选自具有抗菌活性的水杨酸、甲酸、甲酸铵、甲酸钙、乙酸、双乙酸钠、丙酸、丙酸铵、丙酸钠、丙酸钙、丁酸、丁酸钠、乳酸、苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、山梨酸、山梨酸钠、山梨酸钾、富马酸、柠檬酸、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸钙、酒石酸、苹果酸、磷酸、碳酸钠、草酸或碳酸;
(3)充分反应后,冷却室温,纯化后真空干燥,从而制备式(II)所示的月桂酰精氨酸乙酯有机酸离子对化合物;
(4)在容器中,在常温、常压下加入基质溶液,并加入上述的LAE离子对化合物,通过泵循环充分搅拌后,得到所述环保无毒的皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂。
步骤(1)中,所述加热溶解的温度为50℃-100℃;优选地,为90℃。
步骤(2)中,所述反应的温度为50℃-100℃;优选地,为90℃。
步骤(2)中,所述反应的时间为50℃-100℃;优选地,为90℃。
步骤(3)中,所述真空干燥的条件为50℃-100℃;优选地,为60℃。
步骤(4)中,所述容器优选为不锈钢制或惰性材质的容器。
在一个实施方案中,其中所述RCOO-有机酸或盐选自具有抗菌活性的水杨酸、甲酸、甲酸铵、甲酸钙、乙酸、双乙酸钠、丙酸、丙酸铵、丙酸钠、丙酸钙、丁酸、丁酸钠、乳酸、苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、山梨酸、山梨酸钠、山梨酸钾、富马酸、柠檬酸、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸钙、酒石酸、苹果酸、磷酸、碳酸钠、草酸或碳酸。在一个优选实施方案中,所述有机酸盐选自烟酸钠、酒石酸钠、草酸钠。
在另一实施方案中,所述RCOO-有机酸盐的制备方法如下:将所述有机酸加入甲醇溶液中,并加入适量的NaOH,室温搅拌直至析出白色固体,抽滤并用甲醇分洗涤,得到有机酸盐。
本发明第四个目的是提供含有上述作为抑菌剂或防腐剂的LAE或其离子对化合物的皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂。
在上述任一实施方案中,所述皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂是指在常规皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂的基质中,包含上述LAE或其离子对衍生物的成分。
术语和定义:
月桂酰精氨酸乙酯(Ethyl lauroyl arginate,LAE)是一种由脂肪酸和二元氨基酸缩合而成的有机物,为白色吸湿性固体,在pH3~7范围内化学性质稳定,熔点50~58℃,该温度下247g的LAE可分散于1kg的水中,它在水和油中的分配系数大于10,即主要存在于水相中。研究发现,月桂酰精氨酸乙酯LAE具有抗菌能力强、生物毒性低、体内代谢效果好、与环境相容性高的特点。而其中最具代表性的特点是月桂酰精氨酸乙酯代谢无残留,相关研究显示月桂酰精氨酸乙酯在人体与动物体内可快速进行自然代谢,生成月桂酸和精氨酸,进一步被代谢为鸟氨酸、尿素、二氧化碳和水。月桂酰精氨酸乙酯代谢过程中所产生的所有初级代谢产物及终产物都是无毒无害的,与人和动物日常摄取的食物在体内的代谢产物相同。
本发明对LAE的衍生物进行改进,突破对于衍生物开发的传统思路,即不再局限于选择传统上适于LAE的酸、碱、盐/酯的合适形态,或对LEA进行酸、碱、盐或酯化基团的处理,而是创造性的选择一种能够增强LAE的抑菌协同效应的酸根基团,并将二者非常规地通过分子间强烈的离子键结合成新的衍生物,即离子对化合物,从而显著地提高了LAE衍生物在皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂中的用途。
技术效果
本发明防霉型粘合剂的优点是:
创造性使用LAE离子对化合物代替皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂中的抑菌剂和防腐剂,在保留传统防霉型粘合剂的成本低廉、制作工艺简单、稳定性好的优点的同时,还具有抑菌效果显著,成分单一且制备简单,对人体无伤害,易于被生物分解代谢,易于长期保存等优点。
附图说明
图1:LAE离子对化合物的阳离子B+分子离子峰的ESI质谱图;
图2:LAE烟酸离子对化合物的阴离子A-分子离子峰的ESI质谱图;
图3:LAE的1H-NMR的峰形和化学位移图;
图4:烟酸的1H-NMR的峰形和化学位移图;
图5:LAE烟酸离子对的1H-NMR的峰形和化学位移图;
图6:LAE酒石酸离子对化合物的阴离子A-分子离子峰的ESI质谱图。
具体实施方式
结合以下具体实施例和附图,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,本发明的保护内容不局限于以下实施例。在不背离发明构思的精神和范围下,本领域技术人员能够想到的变化和优点都被包括在本发明中,并且以所附的权利要求书为保护范围。实施本发明的过程、条件、试剂、实验方法等,除以下专门提及的内容之外,均为本领域的普遍知识和公知常识,本发明没有特别限制内容。
实施例一:月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐与烟酸合成离子对化合物的制备方法
将烟酸钠(购于梯希爱(上海)化成工业发展有限公司)2.0g溶于50mL水中,配制成烟酸钠盐水溶液(A);将月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐6.8g溶于40mL水中,加热至90℃,直至月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐全部溶解,制成月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐水溶液(B);在90℃条件下将烟酸钠盐水溶液(A)缓慢加入到月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐水溶液(B)中,不断搅拌,反应2小时,冷却至室温,过滤,用纯净水充分洗涤沉淀,沉淀60℃真空干燥,即得烟酸离子对化合物7.6g。
实施例二:月桂酰精氨酸乙酯烟酸离子对化合物分子式、分子量的分析
通过质谱、1H-NMR、13C-NMR波谱分析所得到的化合物分子式为:
1.质谱(ESI)分析
阳离子B+分子离子峰的m/z=385.3,参见图1;
质谱检测ESI+为124.2,参见图2。则ESI-为122.2,即阴离子A-分子离子峰的m/z=122.2。
烟酸离子对化合物中阳离子的理论计算值为507.4,实测值与理论值吻合。
2.NMR分析
将月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐(参见图3)、烟酸的1H-NMR(参见图4)和LAE烟酸离子对化合物的1H-NMR(参见图5)相比较。由于LAE离子对化合物在成盐过程中,在该离子对化合物中月桂酰精氨酸乙酯的峰形及化学位移变化不大,但烟酸上的所有氢都有位移变化,其波谱特征与原无机酸盐(即LAE盐酸盐)相比,酸碱两部分空间距离更加接近,产生影响,因此其与原LAE及其盐酸盐相比,产生相应变化,并不是简单的酸碱两部分的迭加,例如在纯净水洗涤沉淀时,溶解性已发生改变,这说明月桂酰精氨酸乙酯的所有氢核与烟酸之间产生了强相互作用,并通过强烈的离子键形成了稳定的单一化合物结构。
实施例三:月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐与酒石酸合成离子对化合物的制备方法
将酒石酸(购于梯希爱(上海)化成工业发展有限公司)2.0g溶于50mL甲醇中,加入当量的NaOH,室温搅拌直至析出白色固体,抽滤并用30mL甲醇分三次洗涤,得到酒石酸钠盐。酒石酸钠盐溶于50mL水中,配制成酒石酸钠盐水溶液(A);将月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐5.6g溶于40mL水中,加热至90℃,直至月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐全部溶解,制成月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐水溶液(B);在90℃条件下将酒石酸钠盐水溶液(A)缓慢加入到月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐水溶液(B)中,不断搅拌,反应2小时,冷却至室温,过滤,用纯净水充分洗涤沉淀,沉淀60℃真空干燥,即得酒石酸离子对化合物6.3g。
实施例四:月桂酰精氨酸乙酯酒石酸离子对化合物分子量的分析
质谱(ESI)分析阳离子B+分子离子峰的m/z=385.3(参见图1)
阴离子A-分子离子峰的m/z=149.0(参见图6)
烟酸离子对化合物中阳离子的理论计算值为534.3,实测值与理论值吻合。
实施例五:月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐与草酸合成离子对化合物的制备方法
将草酸(购于探索有限公司)1.0g溶于50mL甲醇中,加入当量的NaOH,室温搅拌直至析出白色固体,抽滤并用30mL甲醇分三次洗涤,得到草酸钠盐。草酸钠盐溶于50mL水中,配制成草酸钠盐水溶液(A);将月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐4.7g溶于40mL水中,加热至90℃,直至月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐全部溶解,制成月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐水溶液(B);在90℃条件下将草酸钠盐水溶液(A)缓慢加入到月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐水溶液(B)中,不断搅拌,反应2小时,冷却至室温,过滤,用纯净水充分洗涤沉淀,沉淀60℃真空干燥,即得草酸离子对化合物5.0g。
按照实施例二的方法,进行NMR分析和ESI分析,结果表明该离子对化合物的波谱特征不是简单的酸碱两部分的迭加,酸碱两部分空间距离接近,产生影响,其波谱数据与原LAE及其盐酸盐相比,产生相应变化,例如在纯净水洗涤沉淀时,溶解性已发生改变,这说明月桂酰精氨酸乙酯的所有氢核与草酸之间产生了强相互作用,并通过强烈的离子键形成了稳定的单一化合物结构。
实施例六:月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐与碳酸合成离子对化合物的制备方法
将碳酸钠(购于探索有限公司)1.0g溶于50mL水中,配制成碳酸钠水溶液(A);将月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐4.0g溶于40mL水中,加热至90℃,直至月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐全部溶解,制成月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐水溶液(B);在90℃条件下将碳酸钠水溶液(A)缓慢加入到月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐水溶液(B)中,不断搅拌,反应2小时,冷却至室温,过滤,用纯净水充分洗涤沉淀,沉淀60℃真空干燥,即得碳酸离子对化合物4.0g。
按照实施例二的方法,进行NMR分析和ESI分析,结果表明该离子对化合物的波谱特征不是简单的酸碱两部分的迭加,酸碱两部分空间距离接近,产生影响,其波谱数据与原LAE及其盐酸盐相比,产生相应变化,这说明月桂酰精氨酸乙酯的所有氢核与碳酸之间产生了强相互作用,并通过强烈的离子键形成了稳定的单一化合物结构。
实施例七:月桂酰精氨酸乙酯离子对化合物体外最小抑菌浓度(MIC)的测定
原理与目的:根据CLSI规定的微量肉汤稀释法,药物与细菌在96孔板内共孵育24h后,细菌生长被抑制的最小药物浓度为该药的最小抑菌浓度。
方法:将月桂酰精氨酸乙酯盐酸盐(LAE盐酸盐)及上述所制备的月桂酰精氨酸乙酯有机酸离子对分别用胰酪胨大豆肉汤培养基(TSB)二倍稀释成不同浓度,药物与细菌在96孔板里混合孵育,另设无细菌的空白对照培养基CK1和添加LAE(1000μg/ml)的培养基CK2以及不含药物的细菌正常生长对照培养基CK3。将96孔板放入37℃温箱中孵育24h后测定各孔625nm处的吸光光度值。与空白对照OD625值一致的孔视为细菌无明显生长。细菌无明显生长的药物最低浓度为LAE对细菌的最小抑菌浓度MIC(Minimal InhibitoryConcentration)。
所制备的多种LAE衍生物(离子对化合物)相对于原LAE化合物的抗菌活性的比较结果如下表1所示。
表1 LAE及其离子对化合物对二种细菌的体外抗菌效果
比较 | 大肠杆菌 | 金黄色葡萄球菌 |
LAE | 16(0.0016%) | 8(0.0008%) |
LAE烟酸离子对 | 16(0.0016%) | 4(0.0004%) |
LAE酒石酸离子对 | 16(0.0016%) | 8(0.0008%) |
LAE草酸离子对 | 8(0.0008%) | 8(0.0008%) |
LAE碳酸离子对 | 16(0.0016%) | 16(0.0016%) |
其中,括号()中的百分数值代表反应体系中各添加物的质量百分比。
结果分析:
(1)离子对化合物大部分对大肠杆菌保持相同的抗菌活性,尤其是草酸离子对化合物的抗菌活性上升;
(2)离子对化合物大部分对金黄色葡萄球菌保持相同的抗菌活性,碳酸离子对化合物的抗菌活性下降,烟酸离子对化合物的抗菌活性显著上升;
结论:LAE衍生物的离子对化合物,不会对单一成分的原LAE的抗菌活性产生抑制作用,相反有益于抗菌活性。其中,烟酸离子对化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌产生了显著的抑菌效果。
实施例八:月桂酰精氨酸乙酯离子对化合物对致霉微生物的抑制活性测定
原理与目的:青霉菌、曲霉菌是引起皮革霉变的主要微生物,本实验用抑菌圈法检测了月桂酰精氨酸乙酯(LAE)离子对化合物对青霉菌、曲霉菌的抑制效果,从而评估月桂酰精氨酸乙酯离子对的防霉作用。
方法:将青霉菌或曲霉菌孢子分别放入LB液体培养基、挑真菌单菌落放入PDB液体培养基于室温培养24h,将扩增的菌液均匀地涂布在LB固体培养基的表面。用0.8mm打孔器在培养基上打孔,将不同浓度的月桂酰精氨酸乙酯离子对或阳性水果防腐剂对羟基苯甲酸甲酯钠加入到孔中,每孔约100μl,盖好盖子,置于37℃培养箱培养48h。测量并统计每孔抑菌圈的直径。
结果如表2、3所示。
表2LAE及其离子对化合物对青霉属的抑菌圈结果
表3LAE及其离子对化合物对曲霉属的抑菌圈结果
结果分析:表2、3分别为LAE离子对化合物对青霉属、曲霉属的抑菌圈结果。LAE及LAE离子对均可以抑制青霉属的生长,LAE、LAE-甲酸离子对、LAE-水杨酸离子对在大于或等于256μg/ml浓度下出现了抑制效果,LAE-烟酸离子对在大于或等于512μg/ml浓度下抑制微杆菌属的生长。LAE及LAE离子对均可以抑制曲霉属的生长,LAE、LAE-甲酸离子对、LAE-水杨酸离子对在大于或等于128μg/ml浓度下出现了抑制效果,LAE-烟酸离子对在大于或等于256μg/ml浓度下抑制微杆菌属的生长。
结论:LAE可以抑制致霉微生物的生长,并且LAE离子对并没有使其抑制致腐微生物的能力丧失,且LAE-烟酸离子对化合物对青霉菌、曲霉菌的抑制作用最强。
虽然上述几组试验中,0.2%剂量组的抑菌效果最高,并且从申请人在先提交的专利申请来看(发明名称:“月桂酰精氨酸乙酯衍生物和作为动物用抗菌剂的用途”、申请号:201810648982.3)的体外细胞试验数据来看,0.0032%浓度即已产生抑菌效果,并且LAE及其衍生物一定范围内的剂量加大可提高抑菌效果,但相对于0.1%剂量组的抑菌效果并没有显著的提高,说明0.01%-0.2%的剂量范围已经满足生产需要。
如果提高LAE及其衍生物的添加量,虽然抑菌率相应提高,但过高抑菌率意味着较多的残留,并不有利于人体健康。即使如此,由于本发明的LAE及其衍生物的抑菌剂成分属于天然环保无毒的成分,因此高剂量的添加使用仍然比传统的化学品抑菌剂具有对人体友好亲和的优点。
因此,考虑到生产成本和实际生产需要,因此LAE及其离子对作为皮革防霉护理剂的质量百分比浓度为0.001-0.01%或0.01-0.1%或0.1-0.2%,优选有效浓度为0.05-0.1%、最优选0.1-0.2%时能有效防治发病,符合生产的需要。
Claims (7)
2.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述LAE离子对化合物在皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂中的质量百分比浓度为0.01-2%。
3.如权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于,所述LAE离子对化合物在皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂中的质量百分比浓度为0.001-0.01%、0.01-0.1%、0.05-0.1%、0.1-0.2%、0.1-1%、1-2%或1.5-2%。
4.如权利要求1-3之任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述有机酸盐选自酒石酸钠。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述有机酸盐选自酒石酸钠。
7.通过如权利要求5或6所述的方法制备得到的皮革防霉剂或防霉型护理剂。
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