CN112790040B - Sustained and controlled release water-retaining cultivation device and method for alkaline soil - Google Patents
Sustained and controlled release water-retaining cultivation device and method for alkaline soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112790040B CN112790040B CN202110057176.0A CN202110057176A CN112790040B CN 112790040 B CN112790040 B CN 112790040B CN 202110057176 A CN202110057176 A CN 202110057176A CN 112790040 B CN112790040 B CN 112790040B
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- carrier
- water
- breathable
- groove body
- release
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/02—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
Abstract
The utility model relates to a sustained-release water-retaining cultivation device and method for alkaline soil, which comprises a support carrier, wherein a first groove body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the support carrier, a ventilation carrier is filled in the first groove body, the ventilation carrier is of a porous structure, an organic fertilizer is filled in the ventilation carrier, a second groove body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the ventilation carrier, a cultivation area carrier is arranged in the second groove body, and the cultivation area carrier is used for planting plants to be cultivated. The inner wall surface of the first groove body is provided with a breathable and water-permeable film, the side surface of the support carrier adjacent to the external soil is provided with a breathable and water-impermeable film, the support carrier is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is provided with a water absorbing material.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, and in particular relates to a sustained and controlled release water-retaining cultivation device and method for alkaline soil.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background art related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
China is a large country of saline-alkali land, the saline-alkali land has the remarkable characteristics of large area, wide distribution, large cultivated land occupation ratio and the like, crops cannot grow normally due to the too high salt content in the soil, and according to incomplete statistical data of textbook organizations of united nations and grains and agricultural organizations of united nations, the area of the saline-alkali land in the world exceeds 9.5 hundred million hectares, wherein the area of the saline-alkali land in China accounts for about 10%. The occurrence of a large amount of saline-alkali soil causes crop yield reduction and plant reduction, which is unfavorable for the development of national agriculture and greening.
The existing saline-alkali soil has the characteristics that the survival rate of seedlings is low, and the improvement effect of the existing organic fertilizer on the saline-alkali soil is not obvious.
The inventor knows that most of the existing cultivation devices simply mix the fertilizer sold on the market with soil, and the fertilizer can meet the requirement of plant growth in the initial stage of cultivation, but the fertilizer is quickly consumed in the cultivation device at the later stage, and moisture is extremely quickly lost due to the fact that the cultivation device is not cured, so that the effect of the cultivation device can be greatly lost. Meanwhile, most of the current methods for generating electricity by incineration are adopted for organic household garbage wastes, and the wastes have no obvious recycling utilization mode and effect due to higher water content and lower heat value.
Disclosure of Invention
The disclosure aims to provide a sustained-release and controlled-release water-retaining cultivation device and method for alkaline soil, which can at least solve one of the technical problems.
To achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a sustained-release and water-retaining cultivation device for alkaline soil, including a support carrier, a first groove body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the support carrier, a gas-permeable carrier is filled in the first groove body, the gas-permeable carrier is of a porous structure, an organic fertilizer is filled in the gas-permeable carrier, a second groove body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the gas-permeable carrier, and a cultivation area carrier is provided in the second groove body, wherein the cultivation area carrier is used for planting plants to be cultivated.
Further, the inner wall surface of the first groove body is provided with a breathable and water-permeable film, the side surface of the support carrier adjacent to the external soil is provided with a breathable and water-impermeable film, the support carrier is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is provided with a water absorbing material.
Further, the lower part of the support carrier is provided with a water permeable hole, and the water permeable hole is used for communicating the inner cavity of the support carrier with external soil.
Further, the support carrier and the ventilation carrier are made of degradable materials.
Further, the first groove body and the second groove body are both in inverted truncated cone-shaped structures.
Further, the organic fertilizer is a slow-release and controlled-release water-retaining fertilizer.
Further, the support carrier is formed by enclosing porous plates, the porous plate adjacent to the first groove body is a first porous plate, the porous plate in contact with external soil is a second porous plate, the inner wall surface of the first porous plate is attached with the breathable water-permeable film, and the inner wall surface of the second porous plate is attached with the breathable water-impermeable film.
Further, the outer wall surface of the support carrier is cylindrical.
Further, the height of the upper wall surface of the support carrier is larger than that of the air-permeable carrier and the cultivation area carrier.
One or more embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a slow-release and controlled-release water-retention cultivation method for alkaline soil, including the steps of:
making a supporting carrier and a ventilation carrier by using organic crop fertilizers;
digging pits in alkaline soil, and filling the support carrier, the ventilation carrier and the cultivation area carrier;
filling a water absorbing material in a cavity of the support carrier, attaching a breathable and water permeable film to the wall surface of the support carrier, which is close to the first groove body, and attaching a breathable and water impermeable film to the wall surface of the support carrier, which is close to the external soil;
planting plant seedlings at the carrier of the cultivation area;
when the carrier in the cultivation area lacks water, the water absorbing material supplies water, and when the carrier in the cultivation area has excessive water, the water absorbing material stores water;
during the growth of young plants, the organic fertilizer at the breathable carrier continuously provides nutrients to the carrier at the cultivation area.
The beneficial effects of one or more of the technical schemes are as follows:
the method can utilize the existing organic domestic garbage wastes with great environmental impact to carry out resource conversion, and the acidic organic fertilizer adopted in the saline-alkali soil can carry out neutralization reaction with the alkaline soil, so that the survival rate of seedlings is improved; the organic fertilizer is a slow-release and controlled-release fertilizer, has the function of water retention, can prolong the period of providing nutrients and water for soil to the greatest extent, and further improves the survival rate of seedlings.
The supporting carrier and the ventilation carrier are made of degradable crop waste materials, so that secondary pollution to soil is avoided to the greatest extent.
The water absorbing material is arranged in the inner cavity of the support carrier, the air permeable and water permeable film is arranged on the wall surface, close to the first groove body, of the support carrier, and the air permeable and water impermeable material is arranged on the wall surface, close to the external soil, of the support carrier, so that the water absorbing material can effectively achieve the water storage effect, absorb water when the water is sufficient, release the water when the water is insufficient, further prolong the period of providing the water for crops by the cultivation device, and reduce the water loss probability caused by the maintenance incapacity.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate and explain the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain and do not limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
In the figure, 1, a support carrier; 2. an inner cavity; 3. a breeding area carrier; 4. a breathable carrier; 5. a breathable, impermeable film; 6. a breathable water-permeable film; 7. a water absorbing material; 8. and (5) water permeable holes.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a sustained-release and water-retaining cultivation device for alkaline soil, which comprises a support carrier 1, wherein a first groove body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the support carrier 1, a ventilation carrier 4 is filled in the first groove body, the ventilation carrier 4 is of a porous structure, an organic fertilizer is filled in the ventilation carrier 4, a second groove body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the ventilation carrier 4, a cultivation area carrier 3 is arranged in the second groove body, and the cultivation area carrier 3 is used for planting plants to be cultivated.
In this embodiment, the carrier in the cultivation area is a mixture of soil and fertilizer.
In this embodiment, the inner wall surface of the first tank body has a permeable membrane, the side of the support carrier 1 adjacent to the external soil has a impermeable membrane, the support carrier 1 has an inner cavity 2, and the inner cavity 2 has a water absorbing material 7.
It can be appreciated that when the breathable and permeable membrane is adopted, the breathable and permeable membrane can ensure the moisture and gas exchange between the inner cavity and the breathable carrier, and the organic fertilizer filled in the breathable carrier can not enter the inner cavity, so long as the breathable and permeable membrane in the embodiment ensures that the gap on the membrane can allow moisture to pass through, when the gap can allow moisture to pass through, the air can be naturally ensured to pass through, in the embodiment, the breathable and permeable membrane can be made of plastic or other materials, and can be selected by a person skilled in the art.
In this embodiment, the breathable impermeable film is referred to as a waterproof breathable film, and may be a PU film TPU film, an EPTFE film, or the like, which may be selected by a person skilled in the art under the condition of meeting the use requirement, and will not be described herein.
The lower part of the support carrier 1 is provided with a water permeable hole 8, and the water permeable hole 8 is used for communicating the inner cavity 2 of the support carrier 1 with external soil.
It can be appreciated that, in order to avoid the damage to the environment caused by the long-term landfill of the support carrier and the air-permeable carrier in the soil, in this embodiment, the support carrier 1 and the air-permeable carrier 4 are both made of degradable materials of organic crop fertilizers.
It can be appreciated that in this embodiment, the first slot body and the second slot body are both in inverted truncated cone-shaped structures.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer contour of the support carrier is cylindrical, the inside has a first groove body with a truncated cone shape, the ventilation carrier is also in a truncated cone shape structure, the inside has a second groove body with a circular shape, and the carrier of the cultivation area is in a truncated cone shape structure. The central axes of the support carrier, the first groove body, the ventilation carrier, the second groove body and the carrier in the cultivation area are coincident.
In this embodiment, the organic fertilizer is a slow-release and controlled-release water-retaining fertilizer.
In this embodiment, the support carrier 1 is formed by enclosing porous plates, the porous plate adjacent to the first groove body is a first porous plate, the porous plate contacting with the external soil is a second porous plate, the air permeable and water permeable film is attached to the inner wall surface of the first porous plate, and the air permeable and water impermeable film is attached to the inner wall surface of the second porous plate.
Specifically, it will be appreciated that in this embodiment, since the support carrier and the air-permeable carrier are made of the crop waste material, the crop waste material can be crushed into powder, and then the support carrier and the air-permeable carrier can be formed by press forming.
In this embodiment, the height of the upper wall of the support carrier 1 is greater than the heights of the upper wall of the ventilation carrier 4 and the cultivation area carrier.
It can be understood that the height of the upper wall surface of the ventilation carrier and the cultivation area carrier is lower than that of the upper wall surface of the support carrier, so that a hollow groove is formed at the upper parts of the ventilation carrier and the cultivation area carrier, surrounding water resources are conveniently collected, and the water accumulation function is improved.
Specifically, the support carrier is made of degradable materials, and can be degraded step by step in the growth process of the seedlings, so that the growth of root systems of the seedlings is not hindered, and environmental pollution is not caused; the water absorbing material is a support carrier, the outer side of the support carrier is blocked by a breathable waterproof film, the inner side of the support carrier can realize ventilation and water permeation, the inner cavity of the support carrier is provided with a high-density water absorbing material, water can be supplied when water is lacking in the cultivation device, and the water can be stored as much as possible when the water is excessive; the breathable carrier has a structure similar to that of a honeycomb, and aims to enable a root system to be breathable better and absorb more water supplied from the outside in the growth process of seedlings. The slow-release and controlled-release water-retaining fertilizer is placed on the inner side of the water-absorbing material and is spread in the breathable carrier.
The middle of the support carrier 1 is hollow, the hollow part can form a water collecting layer, and the water absorbing material 7 is added inside.
The inner side surface of the support carrier 1 is provided with a breathable and permeable film 6, which is used for slowing down the degradation speed of the support carrier and facilitating the permeation of redundant water around plant root systems to the water collecting layer.
The outer surface of the support carrier 1 is provided with a breathable waterproof film 5, which is used for preventing moisture in the cultivation device from losing to the outside soil.
The breathable carrier 4 is made of degradable materials and is also formed by processing crop wastes, and is of a honeycomb structure, and an adhesive is added into the honeycomb structure to ensure the stability of the honeycomb structure.
On the air-permeable carrier there is a cultivation area carrier 3, which provides a sufficient and durable nutrient supply after planting of the seedlings, and which also contains organic fertilizer in the area of the air-permeable carrier 4. After the seedlings grow and root, the seedlings extend from the carrier 3 area of the cultivation area to the air-permeable carrier 4 area.
The bottom of the support carrier is provided with a water permeable hole 8, so that the excessive water which cannot be stored in the cultivation device can be discharged in time.
Example 2
A slow and controlled release water-retaining cultivation method for alkaline soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of manufacturing a support carrier 1 and a ventilation carrier 4 by using organic crop fertilizers;
digging holes in alkaline soil, and filling the support carrier 1, the ventilation carrier 4 and the cultivation area carrier 3;
filling a water absorbing material 7 in a cavity of the support carrier 1, attaching a breathable water permeable film to the wall surface of the support carrier 1, which is close to the first groove body, and attaching a breathable water impermeable film to the wall surface of the support carrier 1, which is close to the external soil;
planting plant seedlings at the carrier 3 of the cultivation area;
the water absorbing material 7 supplies water when the carrier 3 in the cultivation area lacks water, and the water absorbing material 7 stores water when the carrier 3 in the cultivation area has excessive water;
during the growth of young plants, the organic fertilizer at the air-permeable carrier 4 continuously provides nutrients to the carrier 3 at the cultivation area.
While the specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above with reference to the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments, and that various modifications and changes can be made by one skilled in the art without inventive effort on the basis of the technical solutions of the present disclosure while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. The slow-release and controlled-release water-retaining cultivation device for alkaline soil is characterized by comprising a support carrier, wherein a first groove body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the support carrier, a breathable carrier is filled in the first groove body, the breathable carrier is of a porous structure, an organic fertilizer is filled in the breathable carrier, a second groove body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the breathable carrier, a cultivation area carrier is arranged in the second groove body, and the cultivation area carrier is used for planting plants to be cultivated;
the inner wall surface of the first groove body is provided with a breathable and water-permeable film, the side surface of the support carrier adjacent to the external soil is provided with a breathable and water-impermeable film, the support carrier is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is provided with a water absorbing material;
when the carrier in the cultivation area lacks water, the water absorbing material supplies water, and when the carrier in the cultivation area has excessive water, the water absorbing material stores water;
the support carrier is formed by enclosing porous plates, the porous plate adjacent to the first groove body is a first porous plate, the porous plate in contact with the external soil is a second porous plate, the inner wall surface of the first porous plate is attached with the breathable water-permeable film, and the inner wall surface of the second porous plate is attached with the breathable water-impermeable film;
the crop waste materials are used for manufacturing the supporting carrier and the ventilation carrier, the crop waste materials are crushed into powder, and the supporting carrier and the ventilation carrier are formed in a pressing forming mode.
2. The slow-release and controlled-release water-retaining cultivation device for alkaline soil according to claim 1, wherein the lower part of the support carrier is provided with a water-permeable hole, and the water-permeable hole is used for communicating the inner cavity of the support carrier with the external soil.
3. The slow-release and controlled-release water-retaining cultivation device for alkaline soil according to claim 1, wherein the support carrier and the ventilation carrier are made of degradable materials.
4. The slow-release and controlled-release water-retaining cultivation device for alkaline soil according to claim 1, wherein the first groove body and the second groove body are both of inverted truncated cone-shaped structures.
5. The slow-release and controlled-release water-retaining cultivation device for alkaline soil according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer is a slow-release and controlled-release water-retaining fertilizer.
6. The slow-release and water-retaining cultivation device for alkaline soil according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall surface of the support carrier is cylindrical.
7. The slow-release and controlled-release water-retaining cultivation device for alkaline soil according to claim 1, wherein the height of the upper wall surface of the support carrier is greater than the heights of the upper wall surfaces of the breathable carrier and the cultivation area carrier.
8. The slow and controlled release water-retaining cultivation method for the alkaline soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
making a supporting carrier and a ventilation carrier by using organic crop fertilizers;
digging pits in alkaline soil, and filling the support carrier, the ventilation carrier and the cultivation area carrier;
filling a water absorbing material in a cavity of the support carrier, attaching a breathable and water permeable film to the wall surface of the support carrier, which is close to the first groove body, and attaching a breathable and water impermeable film to the wall surface of the support carrier, which is close to the external soil;
planting plant seedlings at the carrier of the cultivation area;
when the carrier in the cultivation area lacks water, the water absorbing material supplies water, and when the carrier in the cultivation area has excessive water, the water absorbing material stores water;
in the growth process of the plant seedlings, the organic fertilizer at the breathable carrier continuously provides nutrients for the carrier at the cultivation area;
the middle part of the upper surface of the support carrier forms a first groove body, the first groove body is filled with a breathable carrier, the breathable carrier is of a porous structure, the breathable carrier is filled with organic fertilizer, the middle part of the upper surface of the breathable carrier forms a second groove body, a cultivation area carrier is arranged in the second groove body, and the cultivation area carrier is used for planting plants to be cultivated.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110057176.0A CN112790040B (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Sustained and controlled release water-retaining cultivation device and method for alkaline soil |
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| CN202110057176.0A CN112790040B (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Sustained and controlled release water-retaining cultivation device and method for alkaline soil |
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| CN112790040B true CN112790040B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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