CN112778036A - Method for producing organic fertilizer from landscaping waste - Google Patents
Method for producing organic fertilizer from landscaping waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN112778036A CN112778036A CN202110027776.2A CN202110027776A CN112778036A CN 112778036 A CN112778036 A CN 112778036A CN 202110027776 A CN202110027776 A CN 202110027776A CN 112778036 A CN112778036 A CN 112778036A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a method for producing an organic fertilizer by landscaping waste, which comprises the following steps: (1) the method comprises the steps of (1) landscaping waste pretreatment, (2) landscaping waste classification, (3) raw material blending, (4) fermentation strain activation, and (5) organic fertilizer fermentation. According to the invention, the garden waste is classified, so that the utilization efficiency of organic components and inorganic components in the garden waste is effectively improved, and the increase of the cost caused by adding mineral components in the later period is avoided. The organic fertilizer prepared by the invention has good uniformity, increases the content of soluble mineral substances, protein and amino acid, is rich in various microorganisms, can meet the growth requirements of most crops, effectively improves the yield of the crops, reduces self-toxic substances generated in continuous cropping, and meets the requirement of high-yield fertilizer efficiency of the continuous cropping of the crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a method for producing an organic fertilizer from landscaping waste.
Background
The landscaping waste refers to plant materials such as arbor and shrub trimmings (intermediate cuts), lawn trimmings, fallen leaves, branches, waste grass and flowers in gardens and flower beds, weeds and the like generated in the natural or maintenance process of greening plants in urban green lands or suburb forest lands.
In recent years, due to the fact that urbanization construction is accelerated, garden greening waste yield is large, the traditional treatment mode basically mainly adopts landfill, the material utilization rate is low, and the problems of environmental pollution and the like are serious. With the development of social and economic technologies, the pressure of environmental resources is getting bigger and bigger, and the requirement of a new treatment mode with economic benefits, environmental benefits and social benefits becomes a pain point of industry and society, so landscaping wastes are reasonably developed and utilized, resources can be widely found, wastes are turned into valuables, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the ecological effect is obvious.
In the prior art, most of landscaping wastes are refined and simply fermented aiming at materials, but the wastes have high fiber content, low nutrient content, high fermentation difficulty and poor fermentation quality, so that the prepared organic fertilizer is insufficient in decomposition degree and difficult to meet the requirement on fertilizer efficiency, and the technology for producing the organic fertilizer by using the landscaping wastes capable of producing the high-efficiency organic fertilizer is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention provides a method for producing an organic fertilizer from landscaping waste, which is used for improving the fermentation efficiency of the landscaping waste and increasing the soluble fertilizer efficiency content of the organic fertilizer, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method for producing organic fertilizer by landscaping waste comprises the following steps:
(1) landscaping waste pretreatment
Collecting landscaping waste, spreading to a thickness of 20-40cm in the sun, insolating for 3-5 days, turning over for 1-2 times per day, and picking out refractory components such as plastics and rubber; then spreading nutrient solution in landscaping waste, covering with plastic film, naturally composting for 10-15 days, and promoting subsequent fermentation effect by using the strain carried by itself to decompose inorganic components in the waste; the nutrient solution is formed by mixing 800 acid fruit residues, kitchen garbage and clear water in a mass ratio of 1-3:10-15:500, and the using amount of the nutrient solution is 10-13% of the mass of landscaping wastes;
(2) landscaping waste classification
Sorting and concentrating organic matter components such as pruned residual branches, fallen leaves, hay and the like of landscaping waste species, and processing the organic matter components into powder with the fineness of 1-1.5cm to obtain a mixture A for later use; sorting and treating inorganic components such as building garbage, glass, ceramics and the like in landscaping waste, crushing the inorganic components into 80-100-mesh powder, mixing the powder with a strong acid solution according to a mass ratio of 5:9-14, and sealing and standing for 10-15h to obtain a mixture B for later use; the acid is fully utilized to dissolve mineral salt, the utilization efficiency of minerals is improved, the crushing and smashing are higher, the surface area is larger, the contact area with fermentation microorganisms is increased, and the aim of enhancing the fermentation effect is further fulfilled;
(3) blending of raw materials
Mixing 15-25 parts of the mixture A and 2-3 parts of the mixture B by mass, stacking at 30-35 ℃ for 3-5 days in a sealed manner, adding 30-50 parts of pig manure, 10-15 parts of wormcast, 1-3 parts of potassium humate and 2-4 parts of bean dregs, uniformly stirring to obtain a fermented material, adjusting the water content of the fermented material to 80-83%, and stacking for 1-3 days for later use after film covering;
(4) fermentation strain activation
Mixing 1-3 parts of red yeast rice and 5-8 parts of trichoderma in parts by mass, adding 10-30 parts of starch, 1-2 parts of pectin, 30-59 parts of mashed potato, 3-5 parts of bone meal and 15-20 parts of sweet grassiness juice, uniformly mixing, adding 150-180 parts of clear water, and fermenting at 25-28 ℃ for 7-10 days to obtain primary fermentation liquor; the grinding activity of microorganisms is improved while necessary nutrient components are provided through active substances of the sweet grassiness, and the decomposition of the microorganisms on materials is accelerated; the preparation method of the sweet grassiness juice comprises the following steps: freezing the elephant grass at-20-30 deg.C for 3-5h, taking out, placing into ice crusher to crush when ice is not melted, heating to 30-35 deg.C with microwave, and keeping the temperature for 20-25 min;
uniformly mixing 3-5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1-2 parts of yeast, 3-5 parts of fish meal, 15-18 parts of corn straw powder, 30-50 parts of houttuynia cordata plant juice and 20-30 parts of cassava powder, adjusting the water content to 78-81%, fermenting for 3-5 days at 28-30 ℃, then adding 13-15 parts of water hyacinth juice, adding bacillus, and fermenting for 5-8 days at 35-37 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation liquid for later use; the preparation method of the houttuynia cordata plant juice comprises the following steps: harvesting ground houttuynia cordata plants, cleaning, draining, treating in water vapor at the temperature of 110-; the preparation method of the water hyacinth juice comprises the following steps: mixing water hyacinth with boiled clear water according to the mass ratio of 1:3-4, soaking for 2-3min, and processing into slurry by a pulping machine;
(5) organic fertilizer fermentation
Mixing the fermentation material in the step (3) with the primary fermentation liquid in the step (4), adding clear water, stirring for 30-50min by using a stirrer, and performing film-coating fermentation for 1-3 days at 25-28 ℃; then turning over evenly, and covering a film again for fermentation for 2-4 days; adding secondary fermentation liquid and carrot residue, stirring with a stirrer for 15-20min, performing film-covering fermentation at 28-30 deg.C for 5-8 days, turning over materials, and continuing fermentation for 10-15 days.
Further, in the step (1), the acidic pomace is one or more of vinegar residue, lemon residue and apple residue.
Further, in the step (2), the mass fraction of the strong acid solution is 0.5-0.8%.
Further, in the step (2), the strong acid solution is one or more of a hydrochloric acid solution, a nitric acid solution and a sulfuric acid solution.
Further, in the step (4), the bacillus is one or more of bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus azotobacter, bacillus sphaericus and bacillus brevis.
Further, in the step (5), the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the primary fermentation liquid is 1-3: 15-19.
Further, in the step (5), the amount of the clear water is 3-5% of the fermentation material.
Further, in the step (5), the using amount of the secondary fermentation liquid is 8-13% of the mass of the fermentation material.
Further, in the step (5), the water content of the carrot pomace is 40-50%.
Further, in the step (5), the use amount of the carrot pomace is 1-1.5 times of the mass of the secondary fermentation liquid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the garden waste is classified, so that the utilization efficiency of organic components and inorganic components in the garden waste is effectively improved, and the increase of the cost caused by adding mineral components in the later period is avoided. The organic fertilizer prepared by the invention has good uniformity, increases the content of soluble mineral substances, protein and amino acid, is rich in various microorganisms, can meet the growth requirements of most crops, effectively improves the yield of the crops, reduces self-toxic substances generated in continuous cropping and is suitable for the high yield of the continuous cropping of the crops.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a method for producing organic fertilizer by landscaping waste comprises the following steps:
(1) landscaping waste pretreatment
Collecting landscaping waste, spreading to a thickness of 20cm in the sun, insolating for 3 days, turning over for 1 time every day, and picking out refractory components such as plastics, rubber and the like in the waste; then spreading nutrient solution in landscaping waste, covering with plastic film, and naturally composting for 10 days; the nutrient solution is formed by mixing acid fruit residues, kitchen garbage and clear water in a mass ratio of 1:10:500, and the using amount of the nutrient solution is 10% of the mass of landscaping wastes; the acid pomace is vinegar pomace;
(2) landscaping waste classification
Sorting and concentrating organic matter components such as pruned residual branches, fallen leaves and hay of landscaping waste species, and processing the organic matter components into powder with the fineness of 1cm to obtain a mixture A for later use; sorting and treating inorganic components such as building garbage, glass, ceramics and the like in landscaping waste, crushing the inorganic components into 80-mesh powder, mixing the powder with a strong acid solution according to a mass ratio of 5:9-14, and sealing and standing for 10 hours to obtain a mixture B for later use; the mass fraction of the strong acid solution is 0.5%; the strong acid solution is hydrochloric acid solution;
(3) blending of raw materials
Mixing 15 parts of the mixture A and 2 parts of the mixture B in parts by mass, stacking the mixture A and the mixture B in a sealed manner at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 3 days, adding 30 parts of pig manure, 10 parts of wormcast, 1 part of potassium humate and 2 parts of bean dregs, uniformly stirring to obtain a fermented material, adjusting the water content of the fermented material to 80%, and stacking the fermented material for 1 day for later use;
(4) fermentation strain activation
Mixing 1 part of red yeast rice and 5 parts of trichoderma in parts by mass, adding 10 parts of starch, 1 part of pectin, 30 parts of mashed potato, 3 parts of bone meal and 15 parts of sweet grassiness juice, uniformly mixing, adding 150 parts of clear water, and fermenting at 25 ℃ for 7 days to obtain primary fermentation liquid; the preparation method of the sweet grassiness juice comprises the following steps: freezing the sweet grassiness at-20 deg.C for 3h, taking out, placing into ice crusher to crush when not melting ice, heating to 30 deg.C with microwave, and keeping the temperature for 20 min;
uniformly mixing 3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1 part of yeast, 3 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of corn straw powder, 30 parts of houttuynia cordata plant juice and 20 parts of cassava powder, adjusting the water content to 78%, fermenting for 3 days at 28 ℃, then adding 13 parts of water hyacinth juice, adding bacillus, and fermenting for 5 days at 35 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation liquid for later use; the preparation method of the houttuynia cordata plant juice comprises the following steps: harvesting ground houttuynia cordata, cleaning, draining, treating in steam at 110 deg.C for 20s, placing into a pulping device, processing into slurry, and colloid-milling for 2 times; the preparation method of the water hyacinth juice comprises the following steps: mixing water hyacinth with boiled clear water according to the mass ratio of 1:3, soaking for 2min, and processing into slurry by a pulping machine; the bacillus is bacillus megaterium;
(5) organic fertilizer fermentation
Mixing the fermentation material in the step (3) with the primary fermentation liquid in the step (4), adding clear water, stirring for 30min by using a stirrer, and performing film-coating fermentation for 1 day at 25 ℃; then turning over evenly, and covering a film again for fermentation for 2 days; adding the secondary fermentation liquid and carrot residue, stirring with a stirrer for 15min, fermenting at 28 deg.C for 5 days, turning over the materials, and fermenting for 10 days;
the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the primary fermentation liquid is 1: 15; the amount of the clear water is 3 percent of that of the fermentation material; the using amount of the secondary fermentation liquid is 8% of the mass of the fermentation material; the water content of the carrot pomace is 40%; the use amount of the carrot residue is 1 time of the mass of the secondary fermentation liquid.
Example 2
A method for producing organic fertilizer by landscaping waste comprises the following steps:
(1) landscaping waste pretreatment
Collecting landscaping waste, spreading to a thickness of 40cm in the sun, insolating for 5 days, turning for 2 times every day, and picking out refractory components such as plastics, rubber and the like in the waste; then spreading nutrient solution in landscaping waste, covering with plastic film, and naturally composting for 15 days; the nutrient solution is formed by mixing acid fruit residues, kitchen garbage and clear water in a mass ratio of 3:15:800, and the using amount of the nutrient solution is 13% of the mass of landscaping wastes; the acid pomace is lemon pomace;
(2) landscaping waste classification
Sorting and concentrating organic matter components such as pruned residual branches, fallen leaves and hay of landscaping waste species, and processing the organic matter components into powder with the fineness of 1.5cm to obtain a mixture A for later use; sorting and treating inorganic components such as building garbage, glass, ceramics and the like in landscaping waste, crushing the inorganic components into 100-mesh powder, mixing the powder with a strong acid solution according to a mass ratio of 5:9-14, and sealing and standing for 15 hours to obtain a mixture B for later use; the mass fraction of the strong acid solution is 0.8%; the strong acid solution is a nitric acid solution;
(3) blending of raw materials
Mixing 25 parts of the mixture A and 3 parts of the mixture B in parts by mass, stacking the mixture A and the mixture B in a sealed manner at the temperature of 35 ℃ for 5 days, adding 50 parts of pig manure, 15 parts of wormcast, 3 parts of potassium humate and 4 parts of bean dregs, uniformly stirring to obtain a fermented material, adjusting the water content of the fermented material to 83%, and stacking the fermented material for 3 days for later use;
(4) fermentation strain activation
Mixing 3 parts of red yeast rice and 8 parts of trichoderma in parts by mass, adding 30 parts of starch, 2 parts of pectin, 59 parts of mashed potato, 5 parts of bone meal and 20 parts of sweet grassiness juice, uniformly mixing, adding 180 parts of clear water, and fermenting at 28 ℃ for 10 days to obtain primary fermentation liquid; the preparation method of the sweet grassiness juice comprises the following steps: freezing the sweet grassiness at-30 deg.C for 5h, taking out, placing into ice crusher to crush when not melting ice, heating to 35 deg.C with microwave, and keeping the temperature for 25 min;
uniformly mixing 5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2 parts of yeast, 5 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of corn straw powder, 50 parts of houttuynia cordata plant juice and 30 parts of cassava powder, adjusting the water content to 81%, fermenting for 5 days at 30 ℃, then adding 15 parts of water hyacinth juice, adding bacillus, and fermenting for 8 days at 37 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation liquid for later use; the preparation method of the houttuynia cordata plant juice comprises the following steps: harvesting ground houttuynia cordata, cleaning, draining, treating in water vapor at 130 deg.C for 30s, placing into a pulping device, processing into slurry, and colloid-milling for 3 times; the preparation method of the water hyacinth juice comprises the following steps: mixing water hyacinth with boiled clear water according to the mass ratio of 1:4, soaking for 3min, and processing into slurry by a pulping machine; the bacillus is bacillus mucilaginosus;
(5) organic fertilizer fermentation
Mixing the fermentation material in the step (3) with the primary fermentation liquid in the step (4), adding clear water, stirring for 50min by using a stirrer, and performing film covering fermentation for 3 days at 28 ℃; then turning over evenly, and covering a film again for fermentation for 4 days; adding the secondary fermentation liquid and carrot residue, stirring with a stirrer for 20min, fermenting at 30 deg.C for 8 days, turning over the materials, and fermenting for 15 days;
the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the primary fermentation liquid is 3: 19; the amount of the clear water is 5% of that of the fermentation material; the using amount of the secondary fermentation liquid is 13% of the mass of the fermentation material; the water content of the carrot pomace is 50%; the use amount of the carrot residue is 1.5 times of the mass of the secondary fermentation liquid.
Example 3
A method for producing organic fertilizer by landscaping waste comprises the following steps:
(1) landscaping waste pretreatment
Collecting landscaping waste, spreading to a thickness of 23cm in the sun, insolating for 4 days, turning over for 2 times every day, and picking out refractory components such as plastics, rubber and the like in the waste; then spreading nutrient solution in landscaping waste, covering with plastic film, and naturally composting for 15 days; the nutrient solution is formed by mixing acid fruit residues, kitchen garbage and clear water in a mass ratio of 3:15:500, and the using amount of the nutrient solution is 10% of the mass of landscaping wastes; the acid pomace is apple pomace;
(2) landscaping waste classification
Sorting and concentrating organic matter components such as pruned residual branches, fallen leaves and hay of landscaping waste species, and processing the organic matter components into powder with the fineness of 1.5cm to obtain a mixture A for later use; sorting and treating inorganic components such as building garbage, glass, ceramics and the like in landscaping waste, crushing the inorganic components into 100-mesh powder, mixing the powder with a strong acid solution according to a mass ratio of 5:14, and sealing and standing for 10 hours to obtain a mixture B for later use; the mass fraction of the strong acid solution is 0.8%; the strong acid solution is a sulfuric acid solution;
(3) blending of raw materials
Mixing 25 parts of the mixture A and 3 parts of the mixture B in parts by mass, stacking the mixture A and the mixture B in a sealed manner at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 3 days, adding 50 parts of pig manure, 15 parts of wormcast, 3 parts of potassium humate and 2 parts of bean dregs, uniformly stirring to obtain a fermented material, adjusting the water content of the fermented material to 83%, and stacking the fermented material for 1 day for later use;
(4) fermentation strain activation
Mixing 3 parts of red yeast rice and 8 parts of trichoderma in parts by mass, adding 30 parts of starch, 2 parts of pectin, 59 parts of mashed potato, 3 parts of bone meal and 15 parts of sweet grassiness juice, uniformly mixing, adding 150 parts of clear water, and fermenting at 28 ℃ for 10 days to obtain primary fermentation liquid; the preparation method of the sweet grassiness juice comprises the following steps: freezing the sweet grassiness at-20 deg.C for 5h, taking out, placing into ice crusher to crush when not melting ice, heating to 35 deg.C with microwave, and keeping the temperature for 20 min;
uniformly mixing 5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2 parts of yeast, 5 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of corn straw powder, 50 parts of houttuynia cordata plant juice and 20 parts of cassava powder, adjusting the water content to 78%, fermenting for 3 days at 28 ℃, then adding 13 parts of water hyacinth juice, adding bacillus, and fermenting for 8 days at 37 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation liquid for later use; the preparation method of the houttuynia cordata plant juice comprises the following steps: harvesting ground houttuynia cordata, cleaning, draining, treating in water vapor at 130 deg.C for 30s, placing into a pulping device, processing into slurry, and colloid-milling for 3 times; the preparation method of the water hyacinth juice comprises the following steps: mixing water hyacinth with boiled clear water according to the mass ratio of 1:4, soaking for 2min, and processing into slurry by a pulping machine; the bacillus is formed by mixing nitrogen-fixing bacillus, bacillus sphaericus and brevibacillus laterosporus in equal mass;
(5) organic fertilizer fermentation
Mixing the fermentation material in the step (3) with the primary fermentation liquid in the step (4), adding clear water, stirring for 50min by using a stirrer, and performing film-coating fermentation for 3 days at 25 ℃; then turning over evenly, and covering a film again for fermentation for 4 days; adding the secondary fermentation liquid and carrot residue, stirring with a stirrer for 15min, fermenting at 30 deg.C for 8 days, turning over the materials, and fermenting for 10 days;
the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the primary fermentation liquid is 3: 15; the amount of the clear water is 5% of that of the fermentation material; the using amount of the secondary fermentation liquid is 13% of the mass of the fermentation material; the water content of the carrot pomace is 40%; the use amount of the carrot residue is 1 time of the mass of the secondary fermentation liquid.
Example 4
A method for producing organic fertilizer by landscaping waste comprises the following steps:
(1) landscaping waste pretreatment
Collecting landscaping waste, spreading to 30cm in thickness in the sun, insolating for 5 days, turning for 2 times every day, and picking out refractory components such as plastics and rubber; then spreading nutrient solution in landscaping waste, covering with plastic film, and naturally composting for 11 days; the nutrient solution is formed by mixing acid fruit residues, kitchen garbage and clean water in a mass ratio of 2:14:511, and the using amount of the nutrient solution is 13% of the mass of landscaping wastes; the acid pomace is formed by mixing vinegar residue, lemon residue and apple residue with equal mass;
(2) landscaping waste classification
Sorting and concentrating organic matter components such as pruned residual branches, fallen leaves and hay of landscaping waste species, and processing the organic matter components into powder with the fineness of 1.5cm to obtain a mixture A for later use; sorting and treating inorganic components such as building garbage, glass, ceramics and the like in landscaping waste, crushing the inorganic components into 100-mesh powder, mixing the powder with a strong acid solution according to a mass ratio of 5:14, and sealing and standing for 15 hours to obtain a mixture B for later use; the mass fraction of the strong acid solution is 0.5%; the strong acid solution is hydrochloric acid solution;
(3) blending of raw materials
Mixing 25 parts of the mixture A and 3 parts of the mixture B in parts by mass, stacking the mixture A and the mixture B in a sealed manner at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 3 days, adding 30 parts of pig manure, 10 parts of wormcast, 1 part of potassium humate and 2 parts of bean dregs, uniformly stirring to obtain a fermented material, adjusting the water content of the fermented material to 80%, and stacking the fermented material for 3 days for later use;
(4) fermentation strain activation
Mixing 3 parts of red yeast rice and 8 parts of trichoderma in parts by mass, adding 30 parts of starch, 1 part of pectin, 30 parts of mashed potato, 3 parts of bone meal and 15 parts of sweet grassiness juice, uniformly mixing, adding 150 parts of clear water, and fermenting at 25 ℃ for 7 days to obtain primary fermentation liquid; the preparation method of the sweet grassiness juice comprises the following steps: freezing the sweet grassiness at-30 deg.C for 5h, taking out, placing into ice crusher to crush when not melting ice, heating to 30 deg.C with microwave, and keeping the temperature for 20 min;
uniformly mixing 5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2 parts of yeast, 3 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of corn straw powder, 30 parts of houttuynia cordata plant juice and 20 parts of cassava powder, adjusting the water content to 81%, fermenting for 3 days at 30 ℃, then adding 15 parts of water hyacinth juice, adding bacillus, and fermenting for 8 days at 37 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation liquid for later use; the preparation method of the houttuynia cordata plant juice comprises the following steps: harvesting ground houttuynia cordata, cleaning, draining, treating in steam at 110 deg.C for 30s, pulping into pulp, and colloid-milling for 3 times; the preparation method of the water hyacinth juice comprises the following steps: mixing water hyacinth with boiled clear water according to the mass ratio of 1:3, soaking for 3min, and processing into slurry by a pulping machine; the bacillus is bacillus sphaericus;
(5) organic fertilizer fermentation
Mixing the fermentation material in the step (3) with the primary fermentation liquid in the step (4), adding clear water, stirring for 50min by using a stirrer, and performing film covering fermentation for 3 days at 28 ℃; then turning over evenly, and covering a film again for fermentation for 4 days; adding the secondary fermentation liquid and carrot residue, stirring with a stirrer for 15min, fermenting at 30 deg.C for 5 days, turning over the materials, and fermenting for 15 days;
the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the primary fermentation liquid is 3: 19; the amount of the clear water is 3 percent of that of the fermentation material; the using amount of the secondary fermentation liquid is 8% of the mass of the fermentation material; the water content of the carrot pomace is 40%; the use amount of the carrot residue is 1 time of the mass of the secondary fermentation liquid.
Example 5
A method for producing organic fertilizer by landscaping waste comprises the following steps:
(1) landscaping waste pretreatment
Collecting landscaping waste, spreading to a thickness of 40cm in the sun, insolating for 5 days, turning for 2 times every day, and picking out refractory components such as plastics, rubber and the like in the waste; then spreading nutrient solution in landscaping waste, covering with plastic film, and naturally composting for 15 days; the nutrient solution is formed by mixing acid fruit residues, kitchen garbage and clear water in a mass ratio of 3:15:800, and the using amount of the nutrient solution is 10% of the mass of landscaping wastes; the acid pomace is apple pomace;
(2) landscaping waste classification
Sorting and concentrating organic matter components such as pruned residual branches, fallen leaves and hay of landscaping waste species, and processing the organic matter components into powder with the fineness of 1.5cm to obtain a mixture A for later use; sorting and treating inorganic components such as building garbage, glass, ceramics and the like in landscaping waste, crushing the inorganic components into 100-mesh powder, mixing the powder with a strong acid solution according to a mass ratio of 5:14, and sealing and standing for 15 hours to obtain a mixture B for later use; the mass fraction of the strong acid solution is 0.8%; the strong acid solution is hydrochloric acid solution;
(3) blending of raw materials
Mixing 25 parts of the mixture A and 3 parts of the mixture B in parts by mass, stacking the mixture A and the mixture B in a sealed manner at the temperature of 35 ℃ for 3 days, adding 30 parts of pig manure, 10 parts of wormcast, 1 part of potassium humate and 2 parts of bean dregs, uniformly stirring to obtain a fermented material, adjusting the water content of the fermented material to 80%, and stacking the fermented material for 1 day for later use;
(4) fermentation strain activation
Mixing 1 part of red yeast rice and 5 parts of trichoderma in parts by mass, adding 10 parts of starch, 1 part of pectin, 30 parts of mashed potato, 5 parts of bone meal and 20 parts of sweet grassiness juice, uniformly mixing, adding 180 parts of clear water, and fermenting at 28 ℃ for 10 days to obtain primary fermentation liquid; the preparation method of the sweet grassiness juice comprises the following steps: freezing the sweet grassiness at-30 deg.C for 5h, taking out, placing into ice crusher to crush when not melting ice, heating to 35 deg.C with microwave, and keeping the temperature for 25 min;
uniformly mixing 5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2 parts of yeast, 5 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of corn straw powder, 50 parts of houttuynia cordata plant juice and 30 parts of cassava powder, adjusting the water content to 81%, fermenting for 5 days at 30 ℃, then adding 15 parts of water hyacinth juice, adding bacillus, and fermenting for 8 days at 37 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation liquid for later use; the preparation method of the houttuynia cordata plant juice comprises the following steps: harvesting ground houttuynia cordata, cleaning, draining, treating in water vapor at 130 deg.C for 30s, placing into a pulping device, processing into slurry, and colloid-milling for 3 times; the preparation method of the water hyacinth juice comprises the following steps: mixing water hyacinth with boiled clear water according to the mass ratio of 1:4, soaking for 3min, and processing into slurry by a pulping machine; the bacillus is Brevibacillus laterosporus;
(5) organic fertilizer fermentation
Mixing the fermentation material in the step (3) with the primary fermentation liquid in the step (4), adding clear water, stirring for 50min by using a stirrer, and performing film covering fermentation for 3 days at 28 ℃; then turning over evenly, and covering a film again for fermentation for 4 days; adding the secondary fermentation liquid and carrot residue, stirring with a stirrer for 20min, fermenting at 30 deg.C for 8 days, turning over the materials, and fermenting for 15 days;
the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the primary fermentation liquid is 3: 17; the amount of the clear water is 4% of that of the fermentation material; the using amount of the secondary fermentation liquid is 13% of the mass of the fermentation material; the water content of the carrot pomace is 40%; the use amount of the carrot residue is 1.5 times of the mass of the secondary fermentation liquid.
Test examples
Respectively manufacturing organic fertilizers by the methods of examples 1-5, and packaging the organic fertilizers in a unified specification; preparing an organic fertilizer according to the example 1, but directly adding microorganisms into the material to ferment without activating the strains in the step (4) to obtain a comparative example 1; mature chicken manure sold by Luo Fertilizer Co., Ltd in the area of Gao city, Shijiazhuan was used as a comparative example 2. In a pumpkin planting base, 7 mu of garden soil with small soil nutrition difference is selected and randomly divided into 7 groups, the organic fertilizers of the embodiment 1-5 and the comparative example 1-2 are respectively used, each group uses 500kg of corresponding organic fertilizer when the cultivation and the soil preparation are carried out in the early stage and the sowing is not carried out, other fertilizer efficiency and management measures are consistent, and the groups do not mutually influence. Continuously planting for 3 years, and counting the survival rate and the yield of the planted pumpkins. The test results are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from the table, the pumpkin survival rate and the yield are not obviously different when the organic fertilizer is produced by the landscaping waste of the invention in the embodiment 1-5 for 3 years; however, the influence is obvious after continuous cropping of comparative example 1, and the yield and the survival rate are greatly reduced after continuous cropping of comparative example 2.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing organic fertilizer by landscaping waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) landscaping waste pretreatment
Collecting landscaping waste, spreading to a thickness of 20-40cm in the sun, insolating for 3-5 days, turning over for 1-2 times per day, and picking out refractory components such as plastics and rubber; then spreading nutrient solution in landscaping waste, covering with plastic film, and naturally composting for 10-15 days; the nutrient solution is formed by mixing 800 acid fruit residues, kitchen garbage and clear water in a mass ratio of 1-3:10-15:500, and the using amount of the nutrient solution is 10-13% of the mass of landscaping wastes;
(2) landscaping waste classification
Sorting and concentrating organic matter components such as pruned residual branches, fallen leaves, hay and the like of landscaping waste species, and processing the organic matter components into powder with the fineness of 1-1.5cm to obtain a mixture A for later use; sorting and treating inorganic components such as building garbage, glass, ceramics and the like in landscaping waste, crushing the inorganic components into 80-100-mesh powder, mixing the powder with a strong acid solution according to a mass ratio of 5:9-14, and sealing and standing for 10-15h to obtain a mixture B for later use;
(3) blending of raw materials
Mixing 15-25 parts of the mixture A and 2-3 parts of the mixture B by mass, stacking at 30-35 ℃ for 3-5 days in a sealed manner, adding 30-50 parts of pig manure, 10-15 parts of wormcast, 1-3 parts of potassium humate and 2-4 parts of bean dregs, uniformly stirring to obtain a fermented material, adjusting the water content of the fermented material to 80-83%, and stacking for 1-3 days for later use after film covering;
(4) fermentation strain activation
Mixing 1-3 parts of red yeast rice and 5-8 parts of trichoderma in parts by mass, adding 10-30 parts of starch, 1-2 parts of pectin, 30-59 parts of mashed potato, 3-5 parts of bone meal and 15-20 parts of sweet grassiness juice, uniformly mixing, adding 150-180 parts of clear water, and fermenting at 25-28 ℃ for 7-10 days to obtain primary fermentation liquor; the preparation method of the sweet grassiness juice comprises the following steps: freezing the elephant grass at-20-30 deg.C for 3-5h, taking out, placing into ice crusher to crush when ice is not melted, heating to 30-35 deg.C with microwave, and keeping the temperature for 20-25 min;
uniformly mixing 3-5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1-2 parts of yeast, 3-5 parts of fish meal, 15-18 parts of corn straw powder, 30-50 parts of houttuynia cordata plant juice and 20-30 parts of cassava powder, adjusting the water content to 78-81%, fermenting for 3-5 days at 28-30 ℃, then adding 13-15 parts of water hyacinth juice, adding bacillus, and fermenting for 5-8 days at 35-37 ℃ to obtain a secondary fermentation liquid for later use; the preparation method of the houttuynia cordata plant juice comprises the following steps: harvesting ground houttuynia cordata plants, cleaning, draining, treating in steam at the temperature of 110-; the preparation method of the water hyacinth juice comprises the following steps: mixing water hyacinth with boiled clear water according to the mass ratio of 1:3-4, soaking for 2-3min, and processing into slurry by a pulping machine;
(5) organic fertilizer fermentation
Mixing the fermentation material in the step (3) with the primary fermentation liquid in the step (4), adding clear water, stirring for 30-50min by using a stirrer, and performing film-coating fermentation for 1-3 days at 25-28 ℃; then turning over evenly, and covering a film again for fermentation for 2-4 days; adding secondary fermentation liquid and carrot residue, stirring with a stirrer for 15-20min, performing film-covering fermentation at 28-30 deg.C for 5-8 days, turning over materials, and continuing fermentation for 10-15 days.
2. The technology for producing organic fertilizer by using landscaping waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), the acidic fruit residues are one or more of vinegar residues, lemon residues and apple residues.
3. The technology for producing organic fertilizer by using landscaping waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the mass fraction of the strong acid solution is 0.5-0.8%.
4. The technology for producing organic fertilizer by using landscaping waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the strong acid solution is one or more of hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution and sulfuric acid solution.
5. The technology for producing organic fertilizer by using landscaping waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4), the bacillus is one or more of bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus azotobacter, bacillus sphaericus and bacillus brevis.
6. The technology for producing the organic fertilizer by using the landscaping waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the primary fermentation liquid is 1-3: 15-19.
7. The technology for producing the organic fertilizer by using the landscaping waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the amount of the clear water is 3-5% of the amount of the fermentation material.
8. The technology for producing the organic fertilizer by using the landscaping waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the amount of the secondary fermentation liquid is 8-13% of the mass of the fermentation material.
9. The technology for producing organic fertilizer by using landscaping waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (5), the moisture content of the carrot pomace is 40-50%.
10. The technology for producing the organic fertilizer by using the landscaping waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the use amount of the carrot pomace is 1-1.5 times of the mass of the secondary fermentation broth.
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| CN112624816A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-04-09 | 贵州明威环保技术有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by using waste bacterium rods |
| CN115261270A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-01 | 福建华闽晟业生物科技有限公司 | Application of Jujun grass juice as plant growth promoting bacterium bacillus megaterium fermentation culture medium |
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