CN112723939A - Organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112723939A
CN112723939A CN202011628322.2A CN202011628322A CN112723939A CN 112723939 A CN112723939 A CN 112723939A CN 202011628322 A CN202011628322 A CN 202011628322A CN 112723939 A CN112723939 A CN 112723939A
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liquid
organic fertilizer
fermentation
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黄捷
黄文良
石建娅
林晓东
骆丽花
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Shenzhen Zhonglv Environment Group Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to an organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. The organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting 35-50% of livestock and poultry manure, 20-30% of plant residues, 10-20% of traditional Chinese medicines and 10-20% of urea in percentage by mass with zymogen liquid, wherein the zymogen liquid is prepared by diluting original bacteria liquid and molasses with water, and the content of viable bacteria in the original bacteria liquid is respectively as follows: bacillus subtilis 3X 108～8×1082/mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2X 107～8×107Bacillus megaterium 2X 10/mL7～1×108Lactobacillus fermentum 5X 10/mL7～1×108Aspergillus niger 1X 10/mL, 1X 107～5×1071X 10 cells/mL of EM bacteria10～5×1010Per mL; the traditional Chinese medicine is a mixture of rhizoma polygonati, Chinese yam, bitter bark, coptis and dandelion, and the mass ratio is 1-3: 1: 1-2: 1-2: 1 to 3. The organic fertilizer takes waste as raw materials, is matched with traditional Chinese medicines and urea in a specific proportion, realizes the recycling of organic matters and mineral substances through the fermentation effect of microorganisms, can also improve the flora ecology in soil, promotes the plant development, improves the soil structure, and has lasting fertilizer efficiency.

Description

Organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to an organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The mangrove forest is a tidal flat wetland woody biocenosis which grows on the upper part of intertidal zones of tropical and subtropical low-energy coast and is soaked by periodic tidal water and consists of evergreen shrubs or arbors taking mangrove plants as main bodies. The sea wave purification system grows on a beach shoal of a land and sea boundary zone, can prevent sea wave impact and purify seawater, is a special ecological system for transition from land to sea, and can effectively retain land incoming sand by a developed root system with staggered disc roots, so that the sand content of an offshore area is reduced; dense and tall branches resemble a green great wall, and effectively resist wind wave attack. The mangrove forest in China is naturally distributed in the southeast coast, but because of artificial factors such as land reclamation, cultivation in the surrounding sea, felling and the like, the mangrove forest area in China has been suddenly reduced to 1.46 hectares, because of the lack of the natural barrier, the southeast coast in China is more and more threatened by wind and wave, the water and soil loss condition is more and more serious, and the artificial cultivation of the mangrove forest is not slow.
The halogenated fern is one of the common tree species in the mangrove, not only has very strong ornamental value, because it grows in the coast mud beach more, the fixed action to soil is also more outstanding, can prevent effectively that soil from running off, play an important role in the process of artificially cultivating mangrove forest, but coast mud beach viscosity is high, the salt content is big and the acidity is stronger, nourishment in the soil can't be fully absorbed by the halogenated fern, the artificially transplanted halogenated fern develops badly, grow slowly, and receive wave and tide effect for a long time, lead to the artificial cultivation of halogenated fern forest to frequently receive the frustration.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that the artificially cultured bracken forest grows slowly because the seaside mud beach has poor soil quality and low nutrient and cannot be directly absorbed by the bracken in the prior art, the invention provides the organic fertilizer and the preparation method and the application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the organic fertilizer is characterized in that the organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting fermentation raw materials with zymophyte liquid:
the fermentation raw materials comprise the following substances in percentage by mass: and (3) livestock and poultry manure: 35-50%, plant residue: 20-30% of traditional Chinese medicine: 10-20% of urea and 10-20%;
the zymocyte liquid is prepared by diluting original bacterial liquid and molasses with water, and the viable bacteria content of the bacillus subtilis in the original bacterial liquid is 3 multiplied by 108～8×108The number per mL of the active bacteria of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 2 multiplied by 107～8×107The viable bacteria content of the bacillus megaterium is 2 multiplied by 10 per mL7～1×108The viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus fermentum is 5 multiplied by 107～1×108The content of viable bacteria of Aspergillus niger is 1 × 107～5×107Each mL, viable bacteria content of EM is 1 × 1010～5×1010Per mL;
the traditional Chinese medicine is a mixture of rhizoma polygonati, Chinese yam, bitter bark, coptis and dandelion, and the mass ratio is 1-3: 1: 1-2: 1-2: 1 to 3.
Compared with the prior art, the organic fertilizer prepared by the invention takes livestock and poultry manure, plant residues and traditional Chinese medicines which are wide in source and low in price as main fermentation raw materials, and a certain amount of urea is matched to adjust the C/N ratio, so that the prepared organic fertilizer can be matched with the growth environment of the haloperi, and the rhizoma polygonati, the Chinese yam, the bitter tree bark, the coptis chinensis and the dandelion in a specific proportion can be used as the organic raw materials to participate in fermentation, so that the content of nutrient substances in the fertilizer is increased, the effective components of the organic fertilizer can be matched with fermentation bacteria liquid in the fermentation process, the ootheca in the fermentation raw materials can be killed, peculiar smell generated in the fermentation process can be absorbed, and after the organic fertilizer is applied to soil, the propagation of virus and bacteria in the soil can be.
The reasonable configuration of the species and the proportion of active bacteria in the zymophyte liquid enables the zymophyte liquid to have stronger activity in the whole fermentation process, and shortens the whole fermentation period to 2-3 days: the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus megaterium can improve the fermentation temperature, kill weed seeds and entomogenous fungi in the fermentation raw materials, synthesize amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase and other enzymes, realize functional complementation with the amylase and protease secreted by the aspergillus niger and realize synergistic fermentation; the fermentation capacity of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is outstanding, and the activity of other zymophytes can be improved by fermentation products; the EM bacteria and the lactobacillus fermentum which have strong matching adaptability and maintain good fermentation effect in a balanced way in various environments can decompose the fermentation raw materials into micromolecular organic matters and inorganic salts which can be fully absorbed and utilized by plants to the maximum extent in a short time. The fermentation bacteria are applied to the soil, so that organic matters in the soil can be continuously decomposed, a large amount of antibacterial substances such as subtilin, polymyxin, nystatin, gramicidin and the like can be secreted, the microbial ecology in the soil can be improved together with the traditional Chinese medicines, the plant development is promoted, the soil structure is improved, and the lasting fertilizer effect is provided.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting fermentation raw materials with zymophyte liquid:
the fermentation raw materials comprise the following substances in percentage by mass: and (3) livestock and poultry manure: 45%, plant residue: 25% and traditional Chinese medicines: 15% and urea: 15 percent;
the zymocyte liquid is prepared by diluting original bacterial liquid and molasses with water, and the viable bacteria content of the bacillus subtilis in the original bacterial liquid is 5 multiplied by 108The number per mL of the active bacteria of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 6 multiplied by 107The viable bacteria content of the bacillus megaterium is 8 multiplied by 10 per mL7The viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus fermentum is 8 multiplied by 107The content of viable bacteria of Aspergillus niger is 4 multiplied by 107Each mL, the viable bacteria content of EM bacteria is 3 multiplied by 1010Per mL;
the traditional Chinese medicine is a mixture of rhizoma polygonati, Chinese yam, bitter bark, coptis and dandelion, and the mass ratio is 2: 1: 2: 1: 3.
preferably, the mass ratio of original bacteria liquid to molasses to water in the inoculated bacteria liquid is 1: 0.5-1: 50-70.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the raw bacteria liquid, molasses and water in the zymocyte liquid is 1: 0.8: 60.
the optimized inoculation bacteria liquid raw material proportion can meet the basic requirement of early proliferation of zymocyte, quickly improve the activity of zymocyte liquid, improve the fermentation efficiency and shorten the fermentation period.
Preferably, the plant residue comprises one or more of fallen leaves, dead branches, bagasse, coconut shells and fruit peels.
The plant source organic waste which is not biochemically treated can provide sufficient organic matters and mineral elements, and simultaneously can destroy the flocculation structure of fermentation raw materials, adjust the air permeability of a fermentation system, accelerate the fermentation of bacteria liquid, the fermented plant residues are fluffy, can play a role in loosening the soil, improve the water permeability of the soil, improve the structure of the soil, and simultaneously have extremely strong adsorbability, can realize the adsorption of microorganisms and organic matters, and prevent the loss of the microorganisms and the organic matters along with seawater.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the livestock and poultry manure, the plant residues, the traditional Chinese medicines and the urea according to the mass percentage, and uniformly mixing the livestock and poultry manure, the plant residues, the traditional Chinese medicines and the urea in a fermentation tank to obtain the fermentation raw materials;
s2: preparing original bacteria liquid according to the viable bacteria content, mixing the original bacteria liquid with molasses, and diluting with water to obtain the zymogen liquid;
s3: adjusting the water content in the fermentation raw materials to 60-65%, kneading the materials into a cluster by hands, and inoculating a zymocyte liquid which is 10% of the dry weight of the fermentation raw materials into the fermentation raw materials after the fingers are sewed with water but do not drip, and dispersing the materials when the hands are loosened, uniformly stirring the materials for composting and fermenting for 24-48H, turning and stirring the materials during the fermentation process, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be less than or equal to 65 ℃;
s4: and inoculating a zymophyte liquid which is 5 percent of the dry weight of the fermentation raw material into a fermentation system fermented by S3, uniformly stirring, performing compost fermentation for 24 hours to obtain a fermentation product, and drying, crushing and granulating the fermentation product to obtain the organic fertilizer product.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer is simple to operate, and by adopting the mode of adding the zymogen liquid in batches, on one hand, the decomposition of substances in the fermentation raw materials can be more thorough, on the other hand, the quantity of microorganisms in the organic fertilizer can be controlled, and the microorganisms in the fertilizer are prevented from fighting for oxygen with plant roots after being applied, so that plants are prevented from dying.
Preferably, in step S1, the Chinese medicine is pulverized and sieved with a 100-mesh sieve, and then mixed with the livestock and poultry manure, the plant residues and urea.
Preferably, the plant residue is crushed before mixing in step S1, and the size of the crushed plant residue is 5-8 mm.
Preferably, in the step S5, the water content of the dried organic fertilizer fermented material is 15-30%.
The embodiment of the invention also provides application of the organic fertilizer in artificial cultivation of the halogen fern forest.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an organic fertilizer, which is prepared by fermenting a fermentation raw material with zymophyte liquid:
the fermentation raw materials comprise the following substances in percentage by mass: and (3) livestock and poultry manure: 45%, plant residue composed of coconut shell, pericarp and bagasse: 25%, traditional Chinese medicine 15% and urea: 15 percent;
the zymogen liquid is prepared from raw bacteria liquid, molasses and water according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.8: 60 in proportion;
the viable bacteria content of the bacillus subtilis in the original bacterial liquid is 5 multiplied by 108The number per mL of the active bacteria of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 6 multiplied by 107The viable bacteria content of the bacillus megaterium is 8 multiplied by 10 per mL7The viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus fermentum is 8 multiplied by 107Per mL, viable bacteria of Aspergillus nigerThe content is 4 x 107Each mL, the viable bacteria content of EM bacteria is 3 multiplied by 1010Per mL;
the traditional Chinese medicine is a mixture of rhizoma polygonati, Chinese yam, bitter bark, coptis and dandelion, and the mass ratio is 2: 1: 2: 1: 3.
the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the organic fertilizer, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the livestock and poultry manure, the plant residues, the traditional Chinese medicines and the urea according to the mass percentage, crushing the plant residues to 5mm, crushing the traditional Chinese medicines, sieving the crushed traditional Chinese medicines with a 100-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing the crushed traditional Chinese medicines with the livestock and poultry manure and the urea in a fermentation tank to obtain the fermentation raw material;
s2: preparing original bacterial liquid according to the viable bacteria content, mixing the original bacterial liquid with molasses, and diluting with water to obtain the fermented bacterial liquid;
s3: adjusting the water content in the fermentation raw materials to 60-65%, kneading the materials into a cluster by hands, and inoculating a zymocyte liquid which is 10% of the dry weight of the fermentation raw materials into the fermentation raw materials after the fingers are sewed with water but do not drip, and dispersing the materials when the hands are loosened, uniformly stirring the materials for composting and fermenting for 24-48H, turning and stirring the materials during the fermentation process, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be less than or equal to 65 ℃;
s4: and inoculating a zymophyte liquid which is 5 percent of the dry weight of the fermentation raw material into a fermentation system after S3 fermentation, uniformly stirring, performing compost fermentation for 24H to obtain the fermentation product, drying the fermentation product to the water content of 24 percent, crushing and granulating to obtain the organic fertilizer product.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an organic fertilizer, which is prepared by fermenting a fermentation raw material with zymophyte liquid:
the fermentation raw materials comprise the following substances in percentage by mass: and (3) livestock and poultry manure: 50%, plant residue consisting of fallen leaves and dead branches: 30% and traditional Chinese medicines: 10% and urea: 10 percent;
the zymogen liquid is prepared from raw bacteria liquid, molasses and water according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.5: 70, mixing the raw materials in proportion;
the viable bacteria content of the bacillus subtilis in the original bacterial liquid is 8 multiplied by 108Is/aremL, the viable bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 2 multiplied by 107The viable bacteria content of the bacillus megaterium is 2 multiplied by 10 per mL7mL, viable bacteria content of Lactobacillus fermentum 1X 108The content of viable bacteria of Aspergillus niger is 1 × 107Each mL, viable bacteria content of EM is 1 × 1010Per mL;
the traditional Chinese medicine is a mixture of rhizoma polygonati, Chinese yam, bitter bark, coptis and dandelion, and the mass ratio is 2: 1: 1: 1: 2.
the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the organic fertilizer, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the livestock and poultry manure, the plant residues, the traditional Chinese medicines and the urea according to the mass percentage, crushing the plant residues to 8mm, crushing the traditional Chinese medicines, sieving the crushed traditional Chinese medicines with a 100-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing the crushed traditional Chinese medicines with the livestock and poultry manure and the urea in a fermentation tank to obtain the fermentation raw material;
s2: preparing original bacterial liquid according to the viable bacteria content, mixing the original bacterial liquid with molasses, and diluting with water to obtain the fermented bacterial liquid;
s3: adjusting the water content in the fermentation raw materials to 60-65%, kneading the materials into a cluster by hands, and inoculating a zymocyte liquid which is 10% of the dry weight of the fermentation raw materials into the fermentation raw materials after the fingers are sewed with water but do not drip, and dispersing the materials when the hands are loosened, uniformly stirring the materials for composting and fermenting for 24-48H, turning and stirring the materials during the fermentation process, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be less than or equal to 65 ℃;
s4: and inoculating a zymophyte liquid which is 5 percent of the dry weight of the fermentation raw material into a fermentation system after fermentation of S3, uniformly stirring, performing compost fermentation for 24H to obtain the fermentation product, drying the fermentation product until the water content is 27 percent, and crushing and granulating to obtain the organic fertilizer product.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an organic fertilizer, which is prepared by fermenting a fermentation raw material with zymophyte liquid:
the fermentation raw materials comprise the following substances in percentage by mass: and (3) livestock and poultry manure: 40%, plant residue consisting of fallen leaves and dead branches: 20% and traditional Chinese medicines: 20% and urea: 20 percent;
the zymogen liquid is prepared from raw bacteria liquid, molasses and water according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.5: 70, mixing the raw materials in proportion;
the viable bacteria content of the bacillus subtilis in the original bacterial liquid is 8 multiplied by 108The number per mL of the active bacteria of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 2 multiplied by 107The viable bacteria content of the bacillus megaterium is 2 multiplied by 10 per mL7mL, viable bacteria content of Lactobacillus fermentum 1X 108The content of viable bacteria of Aspergillus niger is 1 × 107Each mL, viable bacteria content of EM is 1 × 1010Per mL;
the traditional Chinese medicine is a mixture of rhizoma polygonati, Chinese yam, bitter bark, coptis and dandelion, and the mass ratio is 1: 1: 1: 1: 1.
the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the organic fertilizer, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the livestock and poultry manure, the plant residues, the traditional Chinese medicines and the urea according to the mass percentage, crushing the plant residues to 5mm, crushing the traditional Chinese medicines, sieving the crushed traditional Chinese medicines with a 100-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing the crushed traditional Chinese medicines with the livestock and poultry manure and the urea in a fermentation tank to obtain the fermentation raw material;
s2: preparing original bacterial liquid according to the viable bacteria content, mixing the original bacterial liquid with molasses, and diluting with water to obtain the fermented bacterial liquid;
s3: adjusting the water content in the fermentation raw materials to 60-65%, kneading the materials into a cluster by hands, and inoculating a zymocyte liquid which is 10% of the dry weight of the fermentation raw materials into the fermentation raw materials after the fingers are sewed with water but do not drip, and dispersing the materials when the hands are loosened, uniformly stirring the materials for composting and fermenting for 24-48H, turning and stirring the materials during the fermentation process, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be less than or equal to 65 ℃;
s4: inoculating a zymophyte liquid which is 5 percent of the dry weight of the fermentation raw material into a fermentation system fermented by S3, uniformly stirring, and carrying out compost fermentation for 24H to obtain the fermentation product; drying the fermentation product until the water content is 26%, and crushing and granulating to obtain the organic fertilizer product.
Through inspection, the organic fertilizer obtained in the embodiments 1-3 meets the organic fertilizer NY525-2012 standard, and the specific detection data is shown in Table 1:
table 1: organic fertilizer detection result
Figure BDA0002875503660000071
Figure BDA0002875503660000081
Comparative example 1
The embodiment provides an organic fertilizer, which has the same technical characteristics as those in embodiment 1 except that the plant residues consisting of coconut shells, fruit peels and bagasse in the fermentation raw materials are 40% by mass and do not contain traditional Chinese medicines.
Comparative example 2
This embodiment provides an organic fertilizer, except living fungus kind and content are different in the primary bacteria liquid, other technical characteristics are the same with embodiment 1:
the zymocyte liquid is prepared by diluting original bacterial liquid and molasses with water, and the viable bacteria content of the bacillus subtilis in the original bacterial liquid is 8 multiplied by 108The number per mL of the active bacteria of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 8 multiplied by 107Each mL, the viable bacteria content of EM bacteria is 5 multiplied by 1010one/mL.
Comparative example 3
The embodiment provides an organic fertilizer, and the technical characteristics are the same as those of embodiment 1 except that the types and the contents of viable bacteria in the original bacterial liquid are different;
the zymocyte liquid is prepared by diluting original bacterial liquid and molasses with water, and the viable bacteria content of the bacillus subtilis in the original bacterial liquid is 2 multiplied by 109The number per mL of the active bacteria of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 2 multiplied by 107The viable bacteria content of the bacillus megaterium is 1 multiplied by 10 per mL8The viable bacteria content of lactobacillus fermentum is 2 multiplied by 1010one/mL.
Comparative example 4
The embodiment provides an organic fertilizer, and other technical characteristics are the same as those of embodiment 1 except that the content of viable bacteria in the original bacterial liquid is different;
the viable bacteria content of the bacillus subtilis in the original bacterial liquid is 1 multiplied by 108Per mL, brewing wineThe viable bacteria content of the yeast is 1 × 107The viable bacteria content of the bacillus megaterium is 2 multiplied by 10 per mL8The viable bacteria content of lactobacillus fermentum is 3 multiplied by 108The content of viable bacteria of Aspergillus niger is 8 multiplied by 107Each mL, the viable bacteria content of EM bacteria is 7 multiplied by 1010one/mL.
Example of detection
In order to further verify the fermentation effect of the organic fertilizer obtained in the examples and the comparative examples, the fermentation maturity of the organic fertilizer is verified by experimentally measuring a seed Germination Index (GI):
the experimental group is provided with 7 experimental groups and 1 deionized water control group, samples used in the 7 experimental groups are organic fertilizer samples obtained in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 in sequence, and each group of samples is tested repeatedly for 3 times;
the specific experimental method comprises the following steps: putting 10g of the obtained organic fertilizer product into a 250mL conical flask, adding 100mL of deionized water, covering a bottle cap, vertically fixing the bottle cap on an oscillator, oscillating and leaching for 1H at room temperature, standing for 0.5H, removing supernatant, filtering with a pre-installed filtering device, collecting all filtered leaching liquor, shaking uniformly, and analyzing;
two pieces of filter paper are padded in a 9cm culture dish, 10 plump cucumber seeds with basically consistent sizes are evenly placed in the culture dish, 5mL of obtained leaching liquor is added, the culture dish is covered, the cucumber seeds are cultured in an incubator at 25 ℃ in a dark place for 48 hours, the germination rate is counted, the root length is measured, and the germination index of the seeds is calculated.
The calculation method of the seed germination index comprises the following steps: GI ═ (a1 × a2)/(B1 × B2) × 100, where a1 represents compost leachate culture seed germination rate (%), a2 represents compost leachate culture seed average root length (%), B1 represents deionized water seed germination rate (%), and B2 represents deionized water culture seed average root length (cm). If the germination index is more than 70%, the rice is considered to be completely decomposed.
The results of calculating the germination index of cucumber seeds of each experimental group are shown in table 2:
table 2: seed germination index of cucumber
Figure BDA0002875503660000101
As can be seen from the germination indexes calculated in Table 2, the germination indexes of the organic fertilizer samples obtained in examples 1 to 3 are 93.08 to 96.86%, and the organic fertilizer samples obtained in comparative examples 1 to 4 are considered to be completely decomposed, and the germination indexes are less than 70%, and the organic fertilizer samples are not completely decomposed.
Test examples
In the year 2020, 1 month to 12 months, an artificial cultivation experiment of halosyncope is carried out in an artificial cultivation base of Guangdong province, soil of the base is muddy soil, the salt content is 6.8 per thousand, the pH value is 6.59, the soil fertility is poor and the viscosity is high, 300 halopteris latifolia seedlings with similar growth conditions and plant heights are selected and transplanted to a beach by the plant-row spacing of 50 multiplied by 50cm for artificial cultivation, 1 experiment group, 4 control groups and a blank control group are arranged in total, 50 plants in each group are applied to the soil of each group before transplantation, the organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1 is applied to the experiment group 1, the organic fertilizers prepared in the comparative examples 1 to 4 are applied to the control groups 1 to 4 respectively, and no fertilizer is applied to the control group as a blank control. All the culture conditions of each group are consistent except for different fertilizer applications.
During the cultivation period, the cultivation soil is supplemented in 6 months in 2020, meanwhile, the growth condition of the haloperi is tracked every quarter, the survival number, the plant height and the branch amount are counted, and the investigation result is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 growth of haloperidol
Figure BDA0002875503660000111
As can be seen from the detection results in tables 1 to 3, the organic fertilizer obtained in the embodiment of the invention can effectively recover organic matters and mineral substances in fermentation raw materials, convert the organic matters and mineral substances into nutrients capable of being absorbed by growth of haloperidium aquilinum, promote growth of the haloperidium aquilinum, effectively improve soil structure, and has strong and lasting fertilizer effect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The organic fertilizer is characterized in that the organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting fermentation raw materials with zymophyte liquid:
the fermentation raw materials comprise the following substances in percentage by mass: and (3) livestock and poultry manure: 35-50%, plant residue: 20-30% of traditional Chinese medicine: 10-20% and urea: 10-20%;
the zymocyte liquid is prepared by diluting original bacterial liquid and molasses with water, and the viable bacteria content of the bacillus subtilis in the original bacterial liquid is 3 multiplied by 108～8×108The number per mL of the active bacteria of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 2 multiplied by 107～8×107The viable bacteria content of the bacillus megaterium is 2 multiplied by 10 per mL7～1×108The viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus fermentum is 5 multiplied by 107～1×108The content of viable bacteria of Aspergillus niger is 1 × 107～5×107Each mL, viable bacteria content of EM is 1 × 1010～5×1010Per mL;
the traditional Chinese medicine is a mixture of rhizoma polygonati, Chinese yam, bitter bark, coptis and dandelion, and the mass ratio is 1-3: 1: 1-2: 1-2: 1 to 3.
2. The organic fertilizer of claim 1, which is prepared by fermenting a fermentation raw material with a zymophyte liquid:
the fermentation raw materials comprise the following substances in percentage by mass: and (3) livestock and poultry manure: 45%, plant residues 25%, traditional Chinese medicine: 15% and urea: 15 percent; and/or
The zymocyte liquid is prepared by diluting original bacterial liquid and molasses with water, and the viable bacteria content of the bacillus subtilis in the original bacterial liquid is 5 multiplied by 108The number per mL of the active bacteria of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 6 multiplied by 107The viable bacteria content of the bacillus megaterium is 8 multiplied by 10 per mL7The viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus fermentum is 8 multiplied by 107Aspergillus niger 4X 10/mL7one/mL, EM 3X 1010Per mL; and/or
The traditional Chinese medicine is a mixture of rhizoma polygonati, Chinese yam, bitter bark, coptis and dandelion, and the mass ratio is 2: 1: 2: 1: 3.
3. the organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the raw bacteria liquid, molasses and water in the fermented bacteria liquid is 1: 0.5-1: 50-70.
4. The organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the raw bacteria liquid, molasses and water in the fermented bacteria liquid is 1: 0.8: 60.
5. the organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the plant residue comprises one or more of fallen leaves, dead branches, bagasse, coconut shells and fruit peels.
6. A preparation method of the organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing the livestock and poultry manure, the plant residues, the traditional Chinese medicines and the urea according to the mass percentage, and uniformly mixing the livestock and poultry manure, the plant residues, the traditional Chinese medicines and the urea in a fermentation tank to obtain the fermentation raw materials;
s2: preparing original bacteria liquid according to the viable bacteria content, mixing the original bacteria liquid with molasses, and diluting with water to obtain the zymogen liquid;
s3: adjusting the water content in the fermentation raw materials to 60-65%, inoculating a zymocyte liquid which accounts for 10% of the dry weight of the fermentation raw materials into the fermentation raw materials, uniformly stirring, composting and fermenting for 24-48H, turning and stirring in the fermentation process, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be less than or equal to 65 ℃;
s4: and inoculating a zymophyte liquid which is 5 percent of the dry weight of the fermentation raw material into a fermentation system fermented by S3, uniformly stirring, performing compost fermentation for 24 hours to obtain a fermentation product, and drying, crushing and granulating the fermentation product to obtain the organic fertilizer product.
7. The method for preparing organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step S1 is that the Chinese herbal medicine is pulverized and sieved with 100 mesh sieve, and then mixed with the livestock manure, plant residues and urea.
8. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the plant residues in step S1 are crushed before mixing, and the size of the crushed plant residues is 5-8 mm.
9. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the water content of the organic fertilizer fermented material dried in the step S6 is 15-30%.
10. The application of the organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-5 in artificial cultivation of haloperidol forests.
CN202011628322.2A 2020-12-30 2020-12-30 Organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN112723939A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113860964A (en) * 2021-10-13 2021-12-31 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for litchi and preparation method and application method thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103214282A (en) * 2013-04-28 2013-07-24 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103214282A (en) * 2013-04-28 2013-07-24 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113860964A (en) * 2021-10-13 2021-12-31 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for litchi and preparation method and application method thereof

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Application publication date: 20210430