CN1127627C - 膨胀螺栓 - Google Patents

膨胀螺栓 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1127627C
CN1127627C CN98806112A CN98806112A CN1127627C CN 1127627 C CN1127627 C CN 1127627C CN 98806112 A CN98806112 A CN 98806112A CN 98806112 A CN98806112 A CN 98806112A CN 1127627 C CN1127627 C CN 1127627C
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Prior art keywords
expansion
sleeve
shell
anchor bolts
bolt
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN98806112A
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CN1260864A (zh
Inventor
A·弗里施曼
P·斯托伊雷
R·施纳布尔
J·里格
J·斯特里比奇
W·亨格斯巴赫
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Upat GmbH and Co
Upat Max Langensiepen KG
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Upat GmbH and Co
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Priority claimed from DE19729235A external-priority patent/DE19729235A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19815334A external-priority patent/DE19815334A1/de
Application filed by Upat GmbH and Co filed Critical Upat GmbH and Co
Publication of CN1260864A publication Critical patent/CN1260864A/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
    • F16B13/066—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting a separate expander-part, actuated by the screw, nail or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
    • F16B13/065—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting the screw, nail or the like

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种膨胀螺栓，它包括一个具有膨胀锥体的膨胀体和一个金属套管。该金属套管设有切缝并且具有一个内套管(2)和一个外套管(3)。在内套管(3)的膨胀脚(10)上设有凹槽(15)。由此，该膨胀套管在混凝土上的贴合面被减小，并且可以用较小的扭矩将螺栓预紧。该膨胀套管还可以设有折叠(30)；这样可以保证膨胀螺栓的最大膨胀力。此外冲压板坯(20)还这样地设有切口，即在弯曲过程中形成前夹片(31)和后夹片(32)。

Description

膨胀螺栓
本发明涉及一种膨胀螺栓，它具有一个金属膨胀套管和一个具有膨胀锥体的膨胀体。
上述这种螺栓是以这样的方式锚定的，即，将膨胀体放入到膨胀套管中，在此，该膨胀套管或是直接地或是通过一个间隔套管支撑在螺钉支座上。可以通过螺纹连接将所说膨胀体与螺钉连在一起，或者也可以将其镦锻在一个以螺母作支座的螺栓上。
为了在由开裂而使钻出的孔扩大情况下避免平衡值减小，这种螺栓的部件在锚定处的拉伸区将需要很高的再膨胀能力。在EP0163152B1中就描述了一种这种类型的膨胀螺栓。
为了保证高的再膨胀能力，在此建议：在锥形膨胀锥体的最大直径处设置一个凹入的拱形段，在此，在拱形段的出口处的切线与螺栓中心线所形成的角度大约相当于锥形膨胀锥体角度的两倍。
锥形膨胀锥体的优选角度为6°。
这种已知的膨胀螺栓的缺点是需要很大的扭矩才能使相当硬的膨胀套管在膨胀锥体上弯曲。此外，扭矩必须将两个环形接触面压入到混凝土中如此远的程度，以致在出现裂口之后也能维持有效的侧凹。另外，这种膨胀体只能用切削加工制造，因此成本很高。
本发明的任务在于实现一种能用较小的扭矩使其胀开、可经济制造并且具有很高的再膨胀性能的螺栓。
通过这样的方式：膨胀套管由一个外套管和内套管组成，它们彼此以这样的方式交错布置，即让内套管的膨胀脚伸出外套管的前端并且轻微向外弯曲，便可在出现开裂情况下实现可靠的再膨胀。在膨胀螺栓进入到钻出的孔中之后，进行两级膨胀操作。在螺栓的夹紧过程中，内套管的齿部首先进入到底座中并形成一个必不可少的洼坑，以保证拉伸区适用性。在经过一定的膨胀行程之后，外套管便接触到钻出的孔的孔壁。此时两个套管在混凝土中具有一个大的接触面，它将使得可能出现的缺口影响减小。所说膨胀套管可以设置一个向内或向外的折叠。
外套管在后部区域设有多个能在紧固过程中起纵向平衡作用的通孔。此外，该外套管还设有多个这样向内成形的突起，即形成了一些可以把内套管支撑在其上的作为止挡的小支撑元件。以这样的方式避免了外套管在内套管中滑动，从而不进行膨胀操作。两个套管在前部区域有切缝并且形成了膨胀脚。通过在内套管的膨胀脚的端侧设置凹槽的方式，该膨胀套管在混凝土上的贴合面被减小，这样就可以用较小的扭矩将螺栓预紧。
膨胀套管的另一种结构可以这样实现：给冲压板坯设置一些径向和轴向切口，这样在冲压板坯的弯曲过程中便形成了前夹片和后夹片以及凸缘。所说的后夹片用作止挡，靠在间隔套管或螺栓杆旁边的套环上，从而防止在将锚栓打入钻出的孔的过程中膨胀套管从螺栓上脱落。向前弯的顶端则进入到钻出的孔的孔壁中，从而保证在施加扭矩过程中使膨胀套管维持在一个不能移动的位置上。由此实现了一个简单的扭转闭锁。在拐点处形成的凸缘形成了一个空腔，该空腔还附加保证了膨胀套管的扭转。
在附图中描述了本发明的实施例。其中：
图1是以成套状态的膨胀螺栓的视图
图2是图1所述膨胀螺栓的断面图
图3是膨胀套管的视图
图3a是外套管
图3b是内套管
图4是在钻出的孔中的膨胀螺栓的断面图
图4a是图4的局部放大视图
图5是膨胀在安装状态的视图
图5a是向内折叠的膨胀套管
图5b是向外折叠的膨胀套管
图6是装在螺栓杆上的膨胀套管的断面图
图7是带有切口的冲压板坯
图8是所形成的前后夹片
图9是借助本发明的膨胀套管所进行的紧固
图1和2中描述的膨胀螺栓1包括一个带有螺纹部分7的螺杆24，该螺杆设有一个锥体6。在该螺杆上安装了一个间隔套管5和本发明的金属套管。在与锥体6相对的一侧是一个支座，例如一个螺母8，它设有垫圈9，用来施加扭矩。
本发明的金属套管设有切缝13，并且包括一个外套管2和一个内套管3，它们彼此交错布置，如图3所示。如图3b所示，内套管3的膨胀脚10设有凹槽15。在膨胀脚上还可以设置凸块16，但它们不是绝对必要的。
内套管3的膨胀脚10向外弯曲并且伸出外套管2的前端。外套管在后部区域设有通孔4和突起12。
这些突起12是这样形成的，以致构成一些可以把内套管3支撑在其上的小支撑元件。在外套管2的前端17的上方有一个凸块16。
在进入钻出的孔22之后，处于膨胀状态的两个套管2和3的位置清楚地描绘在图4和4a上。图5描述了对物体21进行紧固的情况。
膨胀套管可以设置折叠30。通过给膨胀套管设置折叠30，如图5a、b所示，可以保证膨胀螺栓具有最大的膨胀力，折叠可以设成向外，如图5b所示，也可以设成向内，如图5a示。
通过冲压板坯20上的径向和轴向切口，如图7、8所示，在冲压板坯的弯曲过程中便形成了前夹片31和后夹片32。此外还形成了一个具有圆形棱边38的凸缘39，如图6所示。
所说的后夹片32用作止挡41，靠在螺栓杆42旁边的套环40上，从而防止在将锚栓装入钻出的孔的过程中膨胀套管从螺栓上脱落。向前弯的顶端40则进入到钻出的孔的孔壁中，并且对膨胀套管来说形成了一个可靠的扭转闭锁。在凸缘37的成形过程中，在拐点处形成了一个空腔，该空腔在膨胀套管扭转前提供了附加保护。

Claims (3)

1、一种膨胀螺栓，它包括一个设有切缝的金属套管和一个具有膨胀锥体的膨胀体，其中膨胀套管包括一个外套管(2)和一个内套管(3)，它门彼此交错布置，且内套管(3)的膨胀脚(10)设有凹槽(15)，其特征在于：膨胀套管是一体的并设有折叠(30)。
2、根据权利要求1的膨胀螺栓，其特征在于：内套管(3)的膨胀脚(10)向外弯曲并且伸出外套管(2)的前端。
3、根据权利要求1的膨胀螺栓，其特征在于：内套管(3)的膨胀脚(10)设有凸块(16)。
CN98806112A 1997-07-09 1998-06-17 膨胀螺栓 Expired - Fee Related CN1127627C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19729235A DE19729235A1 (de) 1997-07-09 1997-07-09 Spreizdübel
DE19729235.6 1997-07-09
DE19751065 1997-11-08
DE19751065.5 1997-11-08
DE19815334.1 1998-04-06
DE19815334A DE19815334A1 (de) 1997-11-08 1998-04-06 Spreizdübel

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CN1260864A CN1260864A (zh) 2000-07-19
CN1127627C true CN1127627C (zh) 2003-11-12

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CN98806112A Expired - Fee Related CN1127627C (zh) 1997-07-09 1998-06-17 膨胀螺栓

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EP (1) EP0993556B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1127627C (zh)
AT (1) ATE272799T1 (zh)
CZ (1) CZ294366B6 (zh)
DK (1) DK0993556T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2226155T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1029161A1 (zh)
HU (1) HUP0003994A3 (zh)
WO (1) WO1999002869A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10060510A1 (de) * 2000-12-06 2002-06-20 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Verbundanker
DE102010060771A1 (de) 2009-12-16 2011-06-22 fischerwerke GmbH & Co. KG, 72178 Befestigungselement
DE102011000285A1 (de) * 2011-01-24 2012-07-26 Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg Befestigungselement
DE102011007570A1 (de) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-18 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Spreizdübel
FR2992697B1 (fr) * 2012-06-28 2015-01-02 Saint Gobain Placo Cheville a expansion
DE102017121232A1 (de) * 2016-10-25 2018-04-26 Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg Spreizanker
DE102017127623A1 (de) 2017-11-22 2019-05-23 Kennwert RD GmbH Elektrisches Versorgungssystem
CA3100241A1 (en) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-21 Robert Cousineau Self-undercut expansion anchor system with improved cutters
CN110219869A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-09-10 沈阳建筑大学 一种端部撑开式单边螺栓紧固件
CN110259794A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-09-20 沈阳建筑大学 一种扭剪型自锁式单边螺栓紧固件
CN113266628A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-08-17 济南得德环保科技有限公司 一种建筑墙体上的膨胀螺栓的安装方法
CN113389133B (zh) * 2021-06-04 2024-09-06 华南理工大学 一种螺旋弹簧螺栓的剪力件及施工方法

Family Cites Families (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1268622A (en) * 1968-06-10 1972-03-29 Rawlplug Co Ltd Expansible anchoring device
GB1418881A (en) * 1972-01-03 1975-12-24 Rawlplug Co Ltd Anchoring device for fixing in prepared holes
DE2419438C2 (de) * 1974-04-23 1984-11-29 Upat Gmbh & Co, 7830 Emmendingen Spreizanker
AU6721281A (en) * 1980-02-13 1981-08-20 Omark Australia Ltd. Expansion bolt assembly
DE3225579A1 (de) * 1982-07-08 1984-01-12 M.Meisinger KG, 8890 Aichach Schwerlast-metallduebel
DE3601597A1 (de) * 1986-01-21 1987-07-23 Stumpp & Kurz Vorrichtung zum befestigen eines gegenstandes an einer wand oder dgl.
FR2638794B1 (fr) * 1988-11-04 1991-01-11 Prospection & Inventions Cheville pour trou d'ancrage a contre-depouille

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HUP0003994A2 (hu) 2001-04-28
HUP0003994A3 (en) 2002-01-28
WO1999002869A1 (de) 1999-01-21
EP0993556B1 (de) 2004-08-04
DK0993556T3 (da) 2004-08-30
ATE272799T1 (de) 2004-08-15
CZ294366B6 (cs) 2004-12-15
HK1029161A1 (en) 2001-03-23
ES2226155T3 (es) 2005-03-16
CZ200049A3 (cs) 2001-04-11
CN1260864A (zh) 2000-07-19
EP0993556A1 (de) 2000-04-19

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