CN112760969B - 一种全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺：前处理：将待染织物入水浴后加入除油剂，升温后加入片碱、纯碱、双氧水和双氧水稳定剂后逐步升温后进行保温，然后降温后进行水洗和酸洗，再升温后进行皂洗，降温洗水；进水升温加除氧酶后保温；得到前处理后的织物；染色：将水浴升温后加入食毛剂、盐和染料，保温后加入碱，再进行保温后升温；降温后进行水洗和酸洗；升温后进行皂洗，保温后降温排水；送水加入抗压痕助剂，升温后保温，再降温后排水；洗毛：将染色和食毛同浴后的织物送入洗毛机进行洗毛，其中将洗毛机张力调至最松弛状态，洗毛机加装蒸汽加热；将洗毛后的织物进行烘干、定型和蒸呢。该工艺可以有效减少染整后织物的直条痕。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及印染行业的染色方法，特别涉及到针织布抗皱整理的染色方法。
背景技术
随着人民生活水平的不断提高，人们对着装的需求越来越高，特别是对全棉布有更高的要求，既要保证穿着舒适性，又要保证产品外观的美观性，而且对这类产品的需求越来越高。
为了提高全棉食毛针织织物的性能，现有技术中：如公开号为CN109944093A的中国专利公开了一种一种棉针织织物的蚀毛染色一浴工艺，包括以下步骤：将预定型的棉针织织物松布后投入染色机中，依次加入食毛剂和匀染剂使蚀毛和染色一浴进行，再加入活性染料使副缸中的工作液按一定配方比例稀释后按照Dosing曲线以70％定量方式抽入主缸，并使主缸恒温至55-65℃后分两次加入纯碱保温8-12min，再分三次加入磷酸三钠保温85-95min，然后做后处理，固色出缸。如公开号为CN110699834A的中国专利公开了一种全棉仿丝光面料的加工工艺，工艺流程如下，织胚→烧毛→食毛→染色→干布→成品定型，其中，织胚：采用40S精棉、针织大圆机编织成40S双股汗布。
我们在生产全棉无尘丝光棉的产品上，常规的做法是染色、食毛同浴，染色结束后降温至45度出缸，洗毛、烘干-定型-蒸呢后全过程结束，如图1所示。但由于食毛后的布手感容易发硬，特别是在湿冷状态布面更加发硬，在洗毛、定型的外力作用中很容易黑色产生有规律的直条痕。因此，如何减少直条痕是目前亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺，可以有效减少染整后织物的直条痕。
本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺，所述染整工艺包括以下步骤：
(1)前处理：将待染织物入水浴后加入除油剂，升温后加入片碱、纯碱、双氧水和双氧水稳定剂后逐步升温后进行保温，然后降温后进行水洗和酸洗，再升温后进行皂洗，降温洗水；进水升温加除氧酶后保温；得到前处理后的织物；
(2)染色：将水浴升温后加入食毛剂、盐和染料，保温后加入碱，再进行保温后升温；降温后进行水洗和酸洗；升温后进行皂洗，保温后降温排水；送水加入抗压痕助剂，升温后保温，再降温后排水；得到染色和食毛同浴后的织物；
(3)洗毛：将染色和食毛同浴后的织物送入洗毛机进行洗毛，其中将洗毛机张力调至最松弛状态，洗毛机加装蒸汽加热；
(4)将洗毛后的织物进行烘干、定型和蒸呢。
在步骤(1)中，在45-50℃中加入除油剂，升温至55-60℃后加入片碱、纯碱、双氧水和双氧水稳定剂后升温至115-120℃后保温，然后降温至60-65℃；常温水洗和常温酸洗，再升温至90-95℃皂洗，降温至60℃-65℃洗水；进水升温至40-45℃加除氧酶后保温；得到前处理后的织物。
在步骤(2)中，水浴升温至50-55℃后加入食毛剂、盐和染料，保温后加入碱，再进行保温后升温至60-65℃；降温至常温后进行水洗和酸洗；升温至95-98℃进行皂洗，保温后降温至60℃-65℃排水；送入加入抗压痕助剂，升温至90-95℃保温，降温至60℃-65℃排水。
在步骤(2)中，所述食毛剂选自联晖化工生产的纤维素酶SL-2177，所述食毛剂的浓度为40％。
在步骤(2)中，所述抗压痕助剂包括非离子柔软剂、非硅类膨松剂和非离子蜡乳液。
所述织物在洗毛过程中的布面温度保持在60℃-65℃，洗毛机最后一道压辊的压力1-2公斤。
在步骤(4)中，所述定型中的定型机罗拉用胶纸包裹，在织物进布时保持松弛状态，压辊压力调整到1。
本发明提供的染整工艺具有以下优点：
(1)该工艺采用高温前处理工艺，改变常规的常温前处理工艺，在碱和高温的作用下使棉纤维结构发生少许破坏，棉纤维的内部结构发生一定的变化，棉纤维的内部结构充分溶胀切持久保持，同时棉纤维表面的杂质完全处理干净，发生物理参数变化的结果使棉纤维更加松软。
(2)采用高浓食毛剂，降低食毛剂的用量，缩短反应时间，减少食毛剂对布面的侵蚀。
(3)温度降至60-65℃，尽量保持布面高热的松软度。
(4)在染色结束皂洗后热水加入抗压痕助剂，渗透到纤维内部的抗压痕助剂降低了棉纤维的内应力，棉纤维更加松软，同时在棉纤维表面形成了一层膨胀层，可以避免出缸后由于外力产生的竖条痕。
(5)出缸后洗毛机是关键，将洗毛机机张力调至最松弛状态，布和罗拉之间的张力以布正常走动为准，洗毛机最后一道压辊压力为零。洗毛机正面朝上，底面朝下。洗毛的第一槽加装蒸汽加热，由冷水调整至60℃-65℃热水洗，张力从正常调整至最松张力。
(6)定型机罗拉用胶纸包裹，减少外力对布面的压力，调松进布张力，使布面进布时保持松弛状态。得到的染色织物，布面光洁平整，没有因外力产生的压痕，符合客户的质量要求。
通过以上的几方面的协同作用，本发明提供的染整工艺最终能够彻底消除因食毛导致布面发硬、经过外力的作用而产生的竖条痕(直条痕)。
附图说明
图1为对比例1中制备全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺流程图；
图2为实施例1中制备全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺流程图；
图3为实施例1制备的全棉食毛针织织物效果图片；
图4为对比例1制备的全棉食毛针织织物的效果图片。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅仅用以解释本发明，并不限定本发明的保护范围。下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的描述。
实施例1
该实施例所用的待染织物为所述的待染织物为40SJC+30D氨纶汗布，420公斤，所用的染色设备为汽流染色机；染色浴比为1:4；
如图2所示，具体步骤如下：
(1)在染浴中加入除油剂，将待染织物加入到水浴中，升温至55-60℃加纯碱、片碱、双氧水、双氧水稳定剂、逐步升温到118-120℃保温20分钟，降温至60-65℃。
(2)常温中和，升温至90-95℃皂洗10分钟，降温至60-65℃洗水。重新进水加除氧酶，40-45℃保温15分钟后进行染色。
(3)处理过的待染织物加水到规定浴比，然后升温至50-55℃加入高效食毛剂、全部元明粉、染料，保温20分钟后加入纯碱，逐步升温到60-65℃，保温40分后直接排水。
(4)将已经染好的布分别进行冷洗、酸洗、95-98℃皂洗，进水加入抗压痕助剂，升温至90-95℃保温10分，降温至60℃-65℃排水出缸。
(5)洗毛机第一槽、第二槽、第三槽加装蒸汽管进行加热，保证布面保持在60-65℃温度，最后一槽冷水出缸。压辊压力保持在1-2公斤。
(6)需要烘干、成定的织物定型机罗拉用胶纸包裹，减少外力对布面的压力，调送进布张力，使布面进布时保持松弛状态。
本实施例制备的全棉食毛针织织物如图3所示，布面上没有产生直条痕。得到的染色织物，布面光洁平整，没有因外力产生的压痕，符合客户的质量要求。
对比例1
如图1所示：
(1)在染中加入除油剂，将待染织物加入到水浴中，升温至60℃然后加纯碱、片碱、双氧水、双氧水稳定剂逐步升温到98℃保温40分钟，降温洗水至常温。
(2)常温中和，升温至90℃皂洗10分钟，降温至60℃洗水。重新进水加除氧酶，40℃保温15分钟后进行染色。
(3)处理过的待染织物加水至规定浴比，，然后在常温下升温至55℃加入高效食毛剂、全部元明粉、染料，保温15分钟后分三次加入纯碱，逐步升温到60℃，保温40分后直接排水。
(4)将已经染好的布分别进行冷洗、酸洗、加皂洗剂升温至95℃皂洗，冷水洗，降温至60℃排水。
(5)进水加柔软剂和固色剂升温至40℃，保温20分钟出缸。
(6)洗毛机正常冷洗，车速60。
(7)定型机按照品种的要求，正常做规格。
对比例1制备的全棉食毛针织织物如图4所示，可以看出，布面存在条痕。
以上所述的具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案和有益效果进行了详细说明，应理解的是以上所述仅为本发明的最优选实施例，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的原则范围内所做的任何修改、补充和等同替换等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺，其特征在于，所述染整工艺包括以下步骤：
(1)前处理：将待染织物入水浴后加入除油剂，升温后加入片碱、纯碱、双氧水和双氧水稳定剂后逐步升温后进行保温，然后降温后进行水洗和酸洗，再升温后进行皂洗，降温洗水；进水升温加除氧酶后保温；得到前处理后的织物；
(2)染色：将水浴升温后加入食毛剂、盐和染料，保温后加入碱，再进行保温后升温；降温后进行水洗和酸洗；升温后进行皂洗，保温后降温排水；送水加入抗压痕助剂，升温后保温，再降温后排水；得到染色和食毛同浴后的织物；
(3)洗毛：将染色和食毛同浴后的织物送入洗毛机进行洗毛，其中将洗毛机张力调至最松弛状态，洗毛机加装蒸汽加热；
(4)将洗毛后的织物进行烘干、定型和蒸呢；
在步骤(2)中，水浴升温至50-55℃后加入食毛剂、盐和染料，保温后加入碱，再进行保温后升温至60-65℃；降温至常温后进行水洗和酸洗；升温至95-98℃进行皂洗，保温后降温至60℃-65℃排水；送入加入抗压痕助剂，升温至90-95℃保温，降温至60℃-65℃排水；
所述抗压痕助剂包括非离子柔软剂、非硅类膨松剂和非离子蜡乳液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺，其特征在于，在步骤(1)中，在45-50℃中加入除油剂，升温至55-60℃后加入片碱、纯碱、双氧水和双氧水稳定剂后升温至115-120℃后保温，然后降温至60-65℃；常温水洗和常温酸洗，再升温至90-95℃皂洗，降温至60℃-65℃洗水；进水升温至40-45℃加除氧酶后保温；得到前处理后的织物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺，其特征在于，在步骤(2)中，所述食毛剂选自联晖化工生产的纤维素酶SL-2177，所述食毛剂的浓度为40％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺，其特征在于，在步骤(3)中，所述织物在洗毛过程中的布面温度保持在60℃-65℃。
5.根据权利要求4所述的全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺，其特征在于，在步骤(3)中，洗毛机最后一道压辊的压力为1-2公斤。
6.根据权利要求1所述的全棉食毛针织织物的染整工艺，其特征在于，在步骤(4)中，所述定型中的定型机罗拉用胶纸包裹，在织物进布时保持松弛状态，压辊压力调整到1。
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