CN112753631A - Seawater ecological culture method for prawns - Google Patents

Seawater ecological culture method for prawns Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112753631A
CN112753631A CN202110055319.4A CN202110055319A CN112753631A CN 112753631 A CN112753631 A CN 112753631A CN 202110055319 A CN202110055319 A CN 202110055319A CN 112753631 A CN112753631 A CN 112753631A
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water
prawns
culture area
culture
seawater
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CN202110055319.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
熊建华
张彬
黎铭
韦信贤
童桂香
杨艳
林勇
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Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Priority to CN202110055319.4A priority Critical patent/CN112753631A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a seawater ecological culture method for prawns, which comprises the following steps: s1: sterilizing a natural pond of 6X3X3 with quicklime, dividing the pond into a culture area and a temporary culture area by adopting a geomembrane, selecting hydrilla verticillata in the culture area for interval planting, planting calamus in the middle of plants, introducing seawater with fresh water dilution salinity below 3 ℃ into the culture area, adding artificial seawater into the temporary culture area, mixing bacillus, lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and marine yeast according to the ratio of 1:3:2:4, adding the mixture into a culture water body, and placing shrimp seeds in the temporary culture area; s2: after culturing for a week, taking out the geomembranes of the temporary culture area and the culture area, and throwing feeding baits. The invention utilizes a high-quality bait formula, a proper beneficial flora configuration and the ecological symbiotic effect of the hydrilla verticillata, the calamus and the prawns to greatly improve the growth quality of the prawns, and utilizes the water treatment unit to carry out circulating water treatment to further provide a high-quality environment for the prawns.

Description

Seawater ecological culture method for prawns
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater ecological culture of prawns, in particular to a seawater ecological culture method of prawns.
Background
The prawn has the characteristics of fast growth, poor feeding, euryhalinity, short culture period, delicious meat taste, rich nutrition and the like, is favored by consumers in recent years, is mainly cultured in a pond, an ecological culture system is required to be formed by aquatic plants and the prawn in the culture process, a large amount of bait is put in the ecological culture system to ensure the growth quality of the prawn, but the water quality is far from insufficient only through the ecological culture system at present, water resource waste is serious due to water change, the bait absorption capacity of the prawn is limited, and the prawn is not beneficial to benign culture of the prawn.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least or partially the problems, the method for ecologically culturing the prawns in seawater is provided, the growth quality of the prawns can be greatly improved by utilizing a high-quality bait formula, a proper beneficial flora configuration and the ecological symbiotic effect of the hydrilla verticillata, the calamus and the prawns, and the circulating water treatment is carried out by utilizing a water treatment unit, so that a high-quality environment is further provided for the prawns.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a seawater ecological culture method for prawns, which comprises the following steps:
s1: sterilizing a natural pond of 6X3X3 with quicklime, dividing the pond into a culture area and a temporary culture area by adopting a geomembrane, selecting hydrilla verticillata in the culture area for interval planting, planting calamus in the middle of plants, introducing seawater with fresh water dilution salinity below 3 ℃ into the culture area, adding artificial seawater into the temporary culture area, mixing bacillus, lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and marine yeast according to the ratio of 1:3:2:4, adding the mixture into a culture water body, and placing shrimp seeds in the temporary culture area;
s2: after culturing for a week, taking out the geomembranes of the temporary culture area and the culture area, throwing in feed, supplementing fresh water according to salinity content, keeping the salinity at 28-34 per mill, inserting bamboo rods into the water at intervals, communicating with a water treatment unit, filtering a water inlet and a water outlet by adopting an 80-mesh water inlet net, pumping the water into the water treatment unit, and discharging the water into a natural pond for 4-5 months.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step S1, the artificial seawater has a formula concentration of 0.1 kg/m2NaCl, concentration of 1 kg/m2In (C) is2And a concentration of 1 kg/m2KCl, and simultaneously adding 1 kg/m of microelements containing calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron2。
As a preferable technical scheme of the present invention, in step S2, the feeding bait includes organic granular bait and live worm larvae, the organic bait is composed of 30-40% by mass of fish meal, 3-4% by mass of yeast powder, 30-40% by mass of protein powder and the balance of a mixture of soybean meal and rice bran, and the feeding amount of the feeding bait is 4-5% of the total amount of the shrimp bodies after 2 times of feeding per day.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step S2, the water treatment unit is composed of filter cotton balls and coral particles, and exchanges water with the pond 2-3 times every day, and the water exchange amount is 20-30% of the water amount of the pond each time.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the natural pond keeps the oxygen content in water to be more than 3mg/L and the ph value to be 7-8.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes the effect of the hydrilla verticillata, the calamus and the prawns to form ecological symbiosis, utilizes the hydrilla verticillata and the calamus to provide nutrients for the prawns, simultaneously purifies the excrement generated by the prawns, utilizes beneficial flora to improve the absorption of food nutrition and immunity of the prawns, and utilizes the water treatment unit to carry out circulating water treatment, thereby greatly ensuring the quality of water and improving the culture efficiency of the prawns.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.
In addition, if a detailed description of the known art is not necessary to show the features of the present invention, it is omitted.
Example 1
The invention provides a seawater ecological culture method for prawns, which comprises the following steps:
s1: sterilizing a natural pond of 6X3X3 with quicklime, dividing the pond into a culture area and a temporary culture area by adopting a geomembrane, selecting hydrilla verticillata in the culture area for interval planting, planting calamus in the middle of plants, introducing seawater with fresh water dilution salinity below 3 ℃ into the culture area, adding artificial seawater into the temporary culture area, mixing bacillus, lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and marine yeast according to the ratio of 1:3:2:4, adding the mixture into a culture water body, and placing shrimp seeds in the temporary culture area;
s2: after culturing for a week, taking out the geomembranes of the temporary culture area and the culture area, throwing in feed, supplementing fresh water according to salinity content, keeping the salinity at 28-34 per mill, inserting bamboo rods into the water at intervals, communicating with a water treatment unit, filtering a water inlet and a water outlet by adopting an 80-mesh water inlet net, pumping the water into the water treatment unit, and discharging the water into a natural pond for 4-5 months.
In step S1, the formula of the artificial seawater is concentrationIs 0.1 kg/m2NaCl, concentration of 1 kg/m2In (C) is2And a concentration of 1 kg/m2KCl, and simultaneously adding 1 kg/m of microelements containing calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron2。
In the step S2, the feeding bait comprises organic granular bait and live worm larvae, the organic bait consists of 30-40% of fish meal, 3-4% of yeast powder, 30-40% of protein powder and the balance of a mixture of soybean meal and rice bran in percentage by mass, and the feeding amount of the feeding bait is 4-5% of the total amount of the worm larvae after 2 times of feeding every day.
In the step S2, the water treatment unit is composed of filter cotton balls and coral particles, and exchanges water with the pond 2-3 times every day, and the water exchange amount is 20-30% of the water amount of the pond each time.
The natural pond keeps the oxygen content in water to be more than 3mg/L and the ph value to be 7-8.
The invention utilizes the effect of the hydrilla verticillata, the calamus and the prawns to form ecological symbiosis, utilizes the hydrilla verticillata and the calamus to provide nutrients for the prawns, simultaneously purifies the excrement generated by the prawns, utilizes beneficial flora to improve the absorption of food nutrition and immunity of the prawns, and utilizes the water treatment unit to carry out circulating water treatment, thereby greatly ensuring the quality of water and improving the culture efficiency of the prawns.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A seawater ecological culture method for prawns is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: sterilizing a natural pond of 6X3X3 with quicklime, dividing the pond into a culture area and a temporary culture area by adopting a geomembrane, selecting hydrilla verticillata in the culture area for interval planting, planting calamus in the middle of plants, introducing seawater with fresh water dilution salinity below 3 ℃ into the culture area, adding artificial seawater into the temporary culture area, mixing bacillus, lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and marine yeast according to the ratio of 1:3:2:4, adding the mixture into a culture water body, and placing shrimp seeds in the temporary culture area;
s2: after culturing for a week, taking out the geomembranes of the temporary culture area and the culture area, throwing in feed, supplementing fresh water according to salinity content, keeping the salinity at 28-34 per mill, inserting bamboo rods into the water at intervals, communicating with a water treatment unit, filtering a water inlet and a water outlet by adopting an 80-mesh water inlet net, pumping the water into the water treatment unit, and discharging the water into a natural pond for 4-5 months.
2. The marine ecological culture method for prawns according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step S1, the formula of the artificial seawater is 0.1 kg/m in concentration2NaCl, concentration of 1 kg/m2In (C) is2And a concentration of 1 kg/m2KCl, and simultaneously adding 1 kg/m of microelements containing calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron2。
3. The method for ecologically culturing prawns in seawater according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the feeding bait comprises organic granular bait and live worm larvae, the organic bait comprises 30-40% of fish meal, 3-4% of yeast powder, 30-40% of protein powder and the balance of a mixture of soybean meal and rice bran by mass, and the feeding amount of the feeding bait fed 2 times a day and each time is 4-5% of the total amount of the prawns.
4. The marine ecological aquaculture method for prawns as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the water treatment unit is composed of filter cotton balls and coral particles, and exchanges water with the pond 2-3 times a day, and the water exchange amount is 20-30% of the water amount in the pond each time.
5. The marine ecological culture method for prawns according to claim 1, characterized in that the natural pond keeps the oxygen content in water more than 3mg/L and the ph value is between 7 and 8.
CN202110055319.4A 2021-01-15 2021-01-15 Seawater ecological culture method for prawns Pending CN112753631A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101218900A (en) * 2008-01-22 2008-07-16 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 Seedling desalination method for fresh water aquiculture for penaeus monodon
CN103875575A (en) * 2014-04-20 2014-06-25 常德家华水产科技有限公司 Breeding method for South American white shrimps in freshwater lake
CN104430095A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-03-25 罗源县长盛水产发展有限公司 Fresh water farming method of penaeus vannamei boone
CN105994016A (en) * 2015-12-09 2016-10-12 江苏省海洋资源开发研究院(连云港) Method for harvesting and temporarily culturing sepia esculenta in cuttlefish-shrimp polyculture pond
CN106035171A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-10-26 淮南市农康生态农业有限公司 Prawn ecological culturing method based on microbial regulation
CN108834979A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-11-20 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 A kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii shrimp grass symbiosis ecological cultivation method
CN110558260A (en) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-13 龙海市顺源水产科技有限公司 Sustainable cultivation technology for litopenaeus vannamei and giant freshwater shrimps in ecological pond
CN111213604A (en) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-02 海南晨海水产有限公司 Ecological farming systems of grass shrimp
CN111386992A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-10 湖南助农农业科技发展有限公司 Comprehensive breeding method and device for rice, shrimp and crab

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CN103875575A (en) * 2014-04-20 2014-06-25 常德家华水产科技有限公司 Breeding method for South American white shrimps in freshwater lake
CN104430095A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-03-25 罗源县长盛水产发展有限公司 Fresh water farming method of penaeus vannamei boone
CN105994016A (en) * 2015-12-09 2016-10-12 江苏省海洋资源开发研究院(连云港) Method for harvesting and temporarily culturing sepia esculenta in cuttlefish-shrimp polyculture pond
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CN110558260A (en) * 2018-06-05 2019-12-13 龙海市顺源水产科技有限公司 Sustainable cultivation technology for litopenaeus vannamei and giant freshwater shrimps in ecological pond
CN108834979A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-11-20 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 A kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii shrimp grass symbiosis ecological cultivation method
CN111213604A (en) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-02 海南晨海水产有限公司 Ecological farming systems of grass shrimp
CN111386992A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-10 湖南助农农业科技发展有限公司 Comprehensive breeding method and device for rice, shrimp and crab

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Application publication date: 20210507