CN112716854A - 一种中药牙膏及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种中药牙膏及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112716854A CN112716854A CN202110113215.4A CN202110113215A CN112716854A CN 112716854 A CN112716854 A CN 112716854A CN 202110113215 A CN202110113215 A CN 202110113215A CN 112716854 A CN112716854 A CN 112716854A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种中药牙膏，包括1％‑10％的活性成分和90％‑99％的基质成分；其中，活性成分：金银花提取物20‑30份、薄荷提取物10‑15份、连翘提取物10‑15份、黄芪提取物10‑15份和黄芩提取物1‑5份；基质成分：磨料30‑50份、保湿剂20‑40份、增稠剂1‑5份、表面活性剂1‑5份、香味剂1‑3份和水10‑20份。制备方法：(1)称取各原料；(2)将基质成分搅拌至混合均匀；(3)加入活性成分，搅拌至混合均匀，得到混合物料；(4)均质脱气，挤出，即得。本发明中药牙膏具有镇痛抗炎作用，能有效缓解牙龈红肿、发炎、疼痛，从而解决消费者的口腔清洁护理问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及口腔清洁护理技术领域，更具体的说是涉及一种中药牙膏及其制备方法。
背景技术
口腔护理用品是人们日常生活中不可或缺的清洁、护理及保健用品，这一类产品种类繁多，包括牙膏、口香糖、漱口水、牙粉、口腔喷雾剂等，主要用于保持口腔和牙齿清洁、促进口气清新、护理牙龈、维护口腔良好微环境、缓解口腔不适症状等。牙膏是口腔护理用品的一种，一般呈凝胶状，通常会抹在牙刷上，借助牙刷的机械摩擦的作用清洁牙齿表面，对牙齿及其周边进行清洁，使口腔净化清爽。
目前，全世界不同国家和地区的人们，都不程度地受到口腔问题的困扰，牙齿疼痛、牙龈红肿、出血、发炎等是常见的口腔问题。其中，牙痛是指牙齿因各种原因引起的疼痛，为口腔疾患中常见的症状之一，其表现为牙龈红肿疼痛、遇冷热刺激痛、面颊部肿胀等，大多由牙龈炎和牙周炎、龋齿或折裂牙而导致牙髓感染所引起的。中医认为，牙痛是由于外感风邪、胃火炽盛、肾虚火旺、虫蚀牙齿等原因所致。
近年来，天然药物特别是我国传统的中药作为活性成分应用到口腔护理用品中解决相关口腔问题，成为市场的热点和消费者的追求。目前市场上的中药牙膏种类很多，但还未见能够预防并彻底根除牙痛的中药牙膏。
因此，如何提供一种具有镇痛并辅以消炎去火功能的中药牙膏是本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种中药牙膏及其制备方法，以解决现有技术中的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种中药牙膏，包括1％-10％的活性成分和90％-99％的基质成分；其中，活性成分包括以下重量份的原料：金银花提取物20-30份、薄荷提取物10-15份、连翘提取物10-15份、黄芪提取物10-15份和黄芩提取物1-5份；基质成分包括以下重量份的原料：磨料30-50份、保湿剂20-40份、增稠剂1-5份、表面活性剂1-5份、香味剂1-3份和水10-20份。
本发明的有益效果在于，在磨料和保湿剂等基质成分的基础上，添加金银花提取物、薄荷提取物、连翘提取物、黄芪提取物和黄芩提取物复配作为活性成分，由此制得的中药牙膏具有镇痛抗炎作用，能有效缓解牙龈红肿、发炎、疼痛，从而解决消费者的口腔清洁护理问题。
进一步，上述金银花提取物是从忍冬科植物忍冬的干燥花蕾或带初开的花中提取的活性成分。
采用上述进一步技术方案的有益效果在于，金银花为忍冬科忍冬属植物忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb.、华南忍冬Lonicera confusa(Sweet)DC.、菰腺忍冬Lonicerahypoglauca Miq.、黄褐毛忍冬Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S.C.Cheng的花蕾。性甘、寒；归肺、胃经；具有清热解毒之功效；主治外感风热或温病发热，中暑，热毒血痢，痈肿疔疮，喉痹，多种感染性疾病。
金银花提取物提取自天然植物金银花，主要成份为绿原酸和木樨草苷，药理作用为：1.抗菌及增强免疫功能的作用：试验表明金银花对伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、绿脓杆菌、百日咳杆菌、霍乱弧菌、葡萄球菌、链球菌、肺炎双球菌、脑膜炎球菌等均有抑制作用；2、抑制耐药菌蛋白质合成：金银花提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌耐药植株的呼吸有显著刺激作用，多用于耐药菌株导致的内外科炎症，如治疗肺结核并发呼吸道感染、肺炎、急性细菌性痢疾、腹泻，也有用于降低咽喉部带菌率。金银花提取物的药效为：心血管保护作用，抗诱变及抗癌作用，降脂作用，抗白血病作用，免疫调节作用，降糖作用。
进一步，上述薄荷提取物是从唇形科植物蒲荷的地上部分中提取的活性成分。
采用上述进一步技术方案的有益效果在于，薄荷为唇形科植物，即同属其他干燥全草，多生于山野湿地河旁，根茎横生地下，是一种有特种经济价值的芳香作物；味辛，性凉；入肺、肝经；是发汗解热药；治流行性感冒、头疼、目赤、身热、咽喉、牙床肿痛等症。
薄荷提取物含挥发油，油中主要为I-薄荷醇(I-menthol)、1-薄荷酮(I-menthol)及薄荷酯类等；有宣散风热，清头目，透疹之功效；用于风热感冒、风温初起、头痛、目赤、喉痹、口疮、风疹、麻疹、胸胁胀闷。
进一步，上述连翘提取物是从藤黄科金丝桃属多年生草本植物贯叶连翘中提取的活性成分。
采用上述进一步技术方案的有益效果在于，连翘是双子叶植物纲、捩花目、木樨科、连翘属落叶灌木；味苦，性凉；入心、肝、胆经；有清热，解毒，散结，消肿之功效；治温热，丹毒，斑疹，痈疡肿毒，瘰疬，小便淋闭。
连翘提取物含苯并二蒽酮类化合物，连翘苷、连翘酚的含量达3％(高效液相法)以上，可抑制伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、大肠杆菌、痢疾杆菌、白喉杆菌、霍乱弧菌、葡萄球菌、链球菌等，尤其对痢疾杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌之抑制作用很强。连翘提取物主要有抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、抗辐射损伤、解热等作用，此外连翘对心血管系统，对毛细血管通透性及抑制弹性蛋白酶活力均有一定的影响，还具有镇吐，抗肝损伤治疗肝炎，强心、利尿等作用。
进一步，上述黄芪提取物是从豆科植物蒙古黄芪的根中提取的活性成分。
采用上述进一步技术方案的有益效果在于，黄芪为豆科植物蒙古黄芪的根。春、秋季采挖，除去泥土、须根及根头，晒至六七成干，理直扎捆后晒干；味甘，性微温；归脾、肺经；功能主治为：补气固表，托毒排脓，利尿，生肌；用于气虚乏力、久泻脱肛、自汗、水肿、子宫脱垂、慢性肾炎蛋白尿、糖尿病、疮口久不愈合。
黄芪提取物标准含有0.3％-98％的黄芪甲苷和10-70％的黄芪多糖，具有增强免疫力、增强能量、抗疲劳、抗突变、保肝、抑制破骨细胞的作用。
进一步，上述黄芩提取物是从唇形科植物黄芩的干燥根中提取的活性成分。
采用上述进一步技术方案的有益效果在于，黄芩为是唇形科黄芩属多年生草本植物，其以根入药；味苦、性寒；有清热燥湿、泻火解毒、止血、安胎等功效；主治温热病、上呼吸道感染、肺热咳嗽、湿热黄胆、肺炎、痢疾、咳血、目赤、胎动不安、高血压、痈肿疖疮等症；黄芩的临床抗菌性比黄连好，而且不产生抗药性。
黄芩提取物含有黄芩苷，有较广的抗菌谱，对痢疾杆菌、白喉杆菌、绿脓杆菌、葡萄球菌、链球菌、肺炎双球菌以及脑膜炎球菌等均有抑制作用，。
进一步，上述磨料为硅石、磷酸氢钙和碳酸钙中的至少一种；保湿剂为山梨醇和/或甘油；增稠剂为羧甲基纤维钠、硅石粉、卡波姆和黄原胶中的至少一种；表面活性剂为月桂醇硫酸酯钠、月桂酰肌氨酸钠和聚山梨酯-80中的至少一种；香味剂为椒样薄荷、留兰香、肉桂和冬青油中的至少一种。
采用上述进一步技术方案的有益效果在于，本发明所选磨料除去被玷污的牙表膜；保湿剂提供香味剂、磨料和药物的载体；增稠剂使各成分形成结构和稳定的牙膏；表面活性剂能使牙膏使用时产生泡沫；香味剂具有赋香作用。
一种中药牙膏的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)按上述中药牙膏的重量份数称取各原料；
(2)将磨料、保湿剂、增稠剂、表面活性剂、香味剂和水搅拌至混合均匀，得到基质物料；
(3)向基质物料中加入金银花提取物、薄荷提取物、连翘提取物、黄芪提取物和黄芩提取物，搅拌至混合均匀，得到混合物料；
(4)将混合物料均质脱气20-40min，挤出，即得中药牙膏。
进一步，上述步骤(2)中，所述搅拌的速度为200-400r/min，时间为10-20min。
进一步，上述步骤(3)中，所述搅拌的速度为80-150r/min，时间为40-60min。
经由上述的技术方案可知，与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明首次将金银花提取物、薄荷提取物、连翘提取物、黄芪提取物和黄芩提取物进行复配应用于牙膏中，既发挥了单味中药的活性，又使五味中药相辅相成，协同增效，拓展了传统中药的应用领域，具有很强的实用性。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
以下实施例和对比例中，金银花提取物是从忍冬科植物忍冬的干燥花蕾或带初开的花中提取的活性成分，薄荷提取物是从菊科植物菊的干燥头状花序中提取的活性成分，黄芪提取物是从豆科植物蒙古黄芪的根中提取的活性成分，黄芩提取物是从百合科黄芩属植物的根茎中提取的活性成分。
实施例1
中药牙膏，包括1％的活性成分和99％的基质成分；其中，活性成分包括以下重量的原料：金银花提取物20kg、薄荷提取物10kg、连翘提取物10kg、黄芪提取物10kg和黄芩提取物1kg；基质成分包括以下重量的原料：硅石30kg、山梨醇20kg、羧甲基纤维钠1kg、月桂醇硫酸酯钠1kg、椒样薄荷1kg和水10kg；
上述中药牙膏的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)按上述中药牙膏的重量称取各原料；
(2)将磨料、保湿剂、增稠剂、表面活性剂、香味剂和水以200r/min的速度搅拌20min至混合均匀，得到基质物料；
(3)向基质物料中加入金银花提取物、薄荷提取物、连翘提取物、黄芪提取物和黄芩提取物，以80r/min的速度搅拌60min至混合均匀，得到混合物料；
(4)将混合物料均质脱气20min，挤出，即得中药牙膏。
实施例2
中药牙膏，包括5％的活性成分和95％的基质成分；其中，活性成分包括以下重量的原料：金银花提取物25kg、薄荷提取物12kg、连翘提取物12kg、黄芪提取物12kg和黄芩提取物3kg；基质成分包括以下重量的原料：磷酸氢钙40kg、甘油30kg、硅石粉3kg、月桂酰肌氨酸钠3kg、肉桂2kg和水15kg；
上述中药牙膏的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)按上述中药牙膏的重量称取各原料；
(2)将磨料、保湿剂、增稠剂、表面活性剂、香味剂和水以300r/min的速度搅拌15min至混合均匀，得到基质物料；
(3)向基质物料中加入金银花提取物、薄荷提取物、连翘提取物、黄芪提取物和黄芩提取物，以120r/min的速度搅拌50min至混合均匀，得到混合物料；
(4)将混合物料均质脱气30min，挤出，即得中药牙膏。
实施例3
中药牙膏，包括10％的活性成分和90％的基质成分；其中，活性成分包括以下重量的原料：金银花提取物30kg、薄荷提取物15kg、连翘提取物15kg、黄芪提取物15kg和黄芩提取物5kg；基质成分包括以下重量的原料：碳酸钙50kg、甘油40kg、卡波姆5kg、聚山梨酯-805kg、留兰香3kg和水20kg；
上述中药牙膏的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)按上述中药牙膏的重量称取各原料；
(2)将磨料、保湿剂、增稠剂、表面活性剂、香味剂和水以400r/min的速度搅拌10min至混合均匀，得到基质物料；
(3)向基质物料中加入金银花提取物、薄荷提取物、连翘提取物、黄芪提取物和黄芩提取物，以150r/min的速度搅拌40min至混合均匀，得到混合物料；
(4)将混合物料均质脱气40min，挤出，即得中药牙膏。
对比例1
中药牙膏，与实施例2的区别仅在于，不含金银花提取物。
对比例2
中药牙膏，与实施例2的区别仅在于，不含薄荷提取物和连翘提取物。
对比例3
中药牙膏，与实施例2的区别仅在于，不含黄芪提取物和黄芩提取物。
性能测试
1、国家标准检测
各取实施例1-3和对比例1-3制得的中药牙膏，分别按照国家标准GB/T8372-2017《牙膏》的检测方法，分别检测其卫生指标、感官指标和理化指标。
检测结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1-3和对比例1-3中药牙膏国家标准检测结果
由表1可知，本发明实施例1-3和对比例1-3中药牙膏的卫生指标、感官指标和理化指标均符合国家标准GB/T 8372-2017《牙膏》的相关规定。
2、抗炎效果试验
选取健康小白鼠70只，随机分成7组，每组10只。各取实施例1-3和对比例1-3制得的中药牙膏，并以醋酸氟轻松乳膏(公认的抗炎良药)作为对照组。实验时，每组每只小白鼠右耳廊内外两面均涂抹二甲苯0.1mL使鼠耳发炎，左耳不加处理做自身空白对照组，涂抹二甲苯30min后，每组每只小白鼠右耳廊内外两面分别均匀涂抹各组受试物样品0.1mL，给予受试物样品1h后，小白鼠劲椎脱臼处死，剪下两耳廊，用生理盐水洗去右耳廊受试物样品，用干棉球擦净，用打孔器在同一部位凿取两圆耳片。记录各小鼠打孔凿取部左右耳片重量，右耳片重量减去左耳片重量为肿胀值，各取平均值，结果见表2。
表2实施例1-3和对比例1-3中药牙膏抗炎效果试验结果
| 组别 | 肿胀值(mg) |
| 实施例1 | 3.54 |
| 实施例2 | 3.28 |
| 实施例3 | 3.56 |
| 对比例1 | 10.31 |
| 对比例2 | 11.58 |
| 对比例3 | 11.29 |
| 醋酸氟轻松乳膏对照组 | 8.32 |
| 自身空白对照组 | 15.28 |
由表2可知，与对比例1-3、醋酸氟轻松乳膏对照组和自身空白对照组相比，实施例1-3中药牙膏组能使小白鼠急性炎症肿胀耳廊质量显著减轻，明显抑制二甲苯所致小白鼠耳廊急性炎症肿胀。
以上试验证明，本发明中药牙膏对急性炎症具有明显的抗炎作用。
3、志愿者试验
筛选具有牙龈肿痛、牙龈出血、牙龈炎症等口腔问题的志愿者60名，男女比例1:1，随机分成6组，每组10人，并记录志愿者口腔问题症状。分别使用实施例1-3和对比例1-3制得的中药牙膏，连续使用一个月后，回访并回收问卷，记录志愿者使用测试牙膏后的口腔症状，并进行统计比较，统计结果见表3。
其中，
效果显著：牙龈肿痛、牙龈出血、牙龈炎症等症状基本消失；
效果较好：牙龈肿痛、牙龈出血、牙龈炎症等症状缓解效果明显；
有点效果：牙龈肿痛、牙龈出血、牙龈炎症等症状出现缓解效果；
没有效果：牙龈肿痛、牙龈出血、牙龈炎症等症状依旧如初。
表3实施例1-3和对比例1-3中药牙膏志愿者试验结果
由表3可知，与对比例1-3相比，实施例1-3中药牙膏能够较好地改善牙龈肿痛、牙龈出血、牙龈炎症等症状。
以上试验证明，本发明中药牙膏具有较好的减轻牙龈炎症效果。
综上所述，本发明首次将金银花提取物、薄荷提取物、连翘提取物、黄芪提取物和黄芩提取物进行复配应用于牙膏中，既发挥了单味中药的活性，又使五味中药相辅相成，协同增效，拓展了传统中药的应用领域，具有很强的实用性。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种中药牙膏，其特征在于，包括1％-10％的活性成分和90％-99％的基质成分；
所述活性成分包括以下重量份的原料：金银花提取物20-30份、薄荷提取物10-15份、连翘提取物10-15份、黄芪提取物10-15份和黄芩提取物1-5份；
所述基质成分包括以下重量份的原料：磨料30-50份、保湿剂20-40份、增稠剂1-5份、表面活性剂1-5份、香味剂1-3份和水10-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种中药牙膏，其特征在于，所述金银花提取物是从忍冬科植物忍冬的干燥花蕾或带初开的花中提取的活性成分。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种中药牙膏，其特征在于，所述薄荷提取物是从唇形科植物蒲荷的地上部分中提取的活性成分。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种中药牙膏，其特征在于，所述连翘提取物是从藤黄科金丝桃属多年生草本植物贯叶连翘中提取的活性成分。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种中药牙膏，其特征在于，所述黄芪提取物是从豆科植物蒙古黄芪的根中提取的活性成分。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种中药牙膏，其特征在于，所述黄芩提取物是从唇形科植物黄芩的干燥根中提取的活性成分。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种中药牙膏，其特征在于，所述磨料为硅石、磷酸氢钙和碳酸钙中的至少一种；
所述保湿剂为山梨醇和/或甘油；
所述增稠剂为羧甲基纤维钠、硅石粉、卡波姆和黄原胶中的至少一种；
所述表面活性剂为月桂醇硫酸酯钠、月桂酰肌氨酸钠和聚山梨酯-80中的至少一种；
所述香味剂为椒样薄荷、留兰香、肉桂和冬青油中的至少一种。
8.一种中药牙膏的制备方法，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)按权利要求1-7任一项所述中药牙膏的重量份数称取各原料；
(2)将磨料、保湿剂、增稠剂、表面活性剂、香味剂和水搅拌至混合均匀，得到基质物料；
(3)向基质物料中加入金银花提取物、薄荷提取物、连翘提取物、黄芪提取物和黄芩提取物，搅拌至混合均匀，得到混合物料；
(4)将混合物料均质脱气20-40min，挤出，即得所述中药牙膏。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种中药牙膏的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述搅拌的速度为200-400r/min，时间为10-20min。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种中药牙膏的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，所述搅拌的速度为80-150r/min，时间为40-60min。
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