CN112708336B - 一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料及其涂装工艺 - Google Patents
一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料及其涂装工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料及其涂装工艺,亚克力真空镀膜涂料包括真空镀膜底漆和真空镀膜面漆,真空镀膜底漆包括高羟值低粘度丙烯酸树脂、多元触变性含羟基丙烯酸树脂、稀释剂、附着力促进剂、流平剂、催干剂、油性纳米色精以及脂肪族或脂环族聚异氰酸酯固化剂;真空镀膜面漆包括低羟值丙烯酸树脂、稀释剂、附着力促进剂、流平剂、消泡剂、紫外光吸收剂、催干剂、油性纳米色精以及脂肪族或脂环族聚异氰酸酯固化剂。所述亚克力真空镀膜涂料耐候性强,耐酸碱性好,耐水性佳,抗流垂性好,镜面效果优异,稳定性好,对亚克力具有优异的装饰和保护作用,可满足户外、浴室等场所对亚克力真空镀膜制品的要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化工涂料技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料及其涂装工艺。
背景技术
亚克力,又叫有机玻璃,是一种开发较早的重要可塑性高分子材料,具有极高的透明度、化学稳定性和耐候性,即使长时间日光照射、风吹雨淋也不会使其性能发生改变,在建筑、广告标牌、浴室用具等领域有广泛的应用。亚克力加工性能优异,对其进行真空镀膜,可赋予塑料制品金属化外观,提高产品的附加值。传统的真空镀膜涂料多为氨酯油(底漆)/热塑性涂料(面漆)组合或者UV涂料,但氨酯油易黄变,热塑性涂料综合性能一般,而UV涂料本身需要紫外光来固化,加上光引发剂、光引发促进剂的存在,容易造成光引发的氧化降解,耐候性变差,因此,传统的氨酯油和一般UV涂料并不适合应用在对耐候性要求高的户外、浴室等场所。此外,亚克力多是板材或片材,对涂料的抗流垂性、大面积涂装方面也更为苛刻。因此目前缺乏一种耐候性强、可大面积喷涂的,且可用于亚克力真空镀膜的涂料。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服上述现有技术的至少一种缺陷,提供一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料,所述亚克力真空镀膜涂耐候性强,耐酸碱性好,耐水性佳,抗流垂性好,镜面效果优异,稳定性好,对亚克力具有优异的装饰和保护作用,可满足户外、浴室等场所对亚克力真空镀膜制品的要求。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料涂装工艺,所述涂装工艺可操作性强,烘烤时间及温度与传统的氨酯油真空镀膜涂料相当,不必对生产线进行大的改造,实用性强。
本发明采取的技术方案如下:
一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料,包括真空镀膜底漆和真空镀膜面漆,所述真空镀膜底漆包括如下按质量份计算的组份:
甲组份:
高羟值低粘度丙烯酸树脂 40~50份;
多元触变性含羟基丙烯酸树脂 20~30份;
稀释剂1 18~30份;
附着力促进剂1 1~3份;
流平剂1 0.5~1份;
催干剂 0.1~0.5份;
油性纳米色精 0~5份;
乙组份:脂肪族或脂环族聚异氰酸酯固化剂;
其中,甲组份和乙组份的质量比为:100:(15~25);
所述高羟值低粘度丙烯酸树脂为羟值在100~140mg KOH/g且粘度η≤15Pa.s/25℃的丙烯酸树脂;所述多元触变性含羟基丙烯酸树脂的玻璃化温度Tg为40~60℃,羟值为30~70mg KOH/g;
所述真空镀膜面漆包括如下按质量份计算的组份:
丙组份:
低羟值丙烯酸树脂 60~80份;
稀释剂2 20~30份;
附着力促进剂2 1~3份;
流平剂2 0.5~1.5份;
消泡剂 0.5~1.5份;
紫外光吸收剂 1~2份;
催干剂 0.1~0.5份;
油性纳米色精 0~5份;
丁组份:脂肪族或脂环族聚异氰酸酯固化剂;
其中,丙组份和丁组份的质量比为:100:(8~10);
所述低羟值丙烯酸树脂的羟值为30~60mg KOH/g的丙烯酸树脂。
文中所涉及的树脂羟值均为100%固体分树脂的羟值。
本发明通过选用特定类型的丙烯酸树脂作为主体树脂,与脂肪族或脂环族聚异氰酸酯固化剂配合使用,制备了性能优异的亚克力真空镀膜涂料,其中真空镀膜底漆中,甲组份选用高羟值低粘度丙烯酸树脂能够赋予整个底漆优秀的流平性和硬度,从而提高了真空镀膜的镜面效果和稳定性,不哑色七彩;多元触变性含羟基丙烯酸树脂对亚克力底材和电镀层有极佳的附着力,其触变性与相对高的玻璃化温度,提高了底漆的快干性和抗垂挂性。真空镀膜面漆中低羟值丙烯酸树脂与电镀层、底漆的适配性佳,附着力优异,耐候性强。本发明通过特定底漆和面漆的配合使用对亚克力具有优异的装饰和保护作用,可满足户外场所对亚克力真空镀膜制品的要求。
优选地,高羟值低粘度丙烯酸树脂与多元触变性含羟基丙烯酸树脂,100%固体分的质量比为2~3:1。
优选地,所述高羟值低粘度丙烯酸树脂为粘度在3~12Pa.s/25℃的羟基丙烯酸树脂。更优选地,所述述高羟值低粘度丙烯酸树脂为江门制漆厂的PJ61048-75或卓和树脂HE6775-70。
优选地,所述多元触变性含羟基丙烯酸树脂为科盟辉KMH-2282或KMH-2283,KMH-2282或KMH-2283是特殊改性多元触变性丙烯酸树脂,相容性好、光泽度高,对亚克力等多种塑料底材、金属、电镀面有极佳的附着力,其羟值为50~70mg KOH/g,玻璃化温度Tg为50~60℃。
优选地,所述低羟值丙烯酸树脂的玻璃化温度Tg为20~50℃。更优选地,所述低羟值丙烯酸树脂为深圳嘉盛达PAR-1528-65或鹤山科鼎功能材料有限公司KDD 1260T。
优选地,所述脂肪族或脂环族聚异氰酸酯固化剂为Covestro N3390或DuranateTPA90SB。
优选地,所述稀释剂1为甲苯、二甲苯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、环己酮、乙二醇丁醚的混合液。
优选地,所述附着力促进剂1为带有反应性羟基的超支化改性聚酯。更优选地,所述附着力促进剂1为Tech-7205,其具有多个锚固基团,且带有反应性羟基。附着力促进剂1中的低聚物,不游离,不挥发,不会对真空镀膜的稳定性造成影响。
优选地,所述流平剂1为丙烯酸酯聚合物类流平剂。丙烯酸酯聚合物类流平剂比有机硅流动剂表面张力高,能促进涂料大面积镜面快速流平,相容性好且不影响层间附着力,而一般的有机硅流平剂在涂料静置流平过程常迁移到漆膜表面,易造成底漆与电镀层之间的附着力失效。更优选地,所述流平剂1为SYNTHRON Modarez X50S。
优选地,所述稀释剂2为甲苯、二甲苯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、丙二醇醋酸酯、二异丁基酮的混合液。
优选地,所述附着力促进剂2为聚酯磷酸酯或环氧丙烯酸磷酸酯类附着力促进剂。更优选地,所述附着力促进剂2为Lubrizol 2063或Newelement 1985。
优选地,所述流平剂2为含羟基官能团的有机硅流平剂。含羟基官能团的有机硅流平剂可促进涂料的流平以及提高涂膜的易清洁性和耐候性,由于含有羟基,与基料反应后,固定在涂膜表面,兼具防涂鸦功能,使得面漆具有一定的易清洁性和长效性,可以满足厨房、浴室等场所的要求。更优选地,所述流平剂2为BYK 370或BYK3700。
优选地,所述催干剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡T12。
优选地,所述紫外光吸收剂为BASF TINUVIN 1130和TINUVIN 292。更优选地,TINUVIN 1130和TINUVIN 292的质量比为2:1。光稳定剂TINUVIN 1130和光受阻胺类稳定剂TINUVIN 292会产生更好的协同性,使涂料的耐候性明显提高。
优选地,甲组份和乙组份按摩尔比OH(甲组份):NCO(乙组分)=(1.05~1.1):1。
优选地,丙组份和丁组份按摩尔比OH(甲组份):NCO(乙组分)=(1.05~1.1):1。
所述的亚克力真空镀膜涂料的涂装工艺,包括如下步骤:
(1)涂装前先对亚克力底材进行清洁处理,然后将真空镀膜底漆的甲组份和乙组分按质量比100:(15~25)比例混合,再用稀释剂1将底漆粘度调节到18~22S(涂四杯),然后喷涂到处理好的亚克力底材上,干膜厚度控制在15~25um,待静置流平后,70~80℃烘烤1~2h;
(2)底漆烘烤冷却后进行真空镀膜,然后将真空镀膜面漆的丙组份和丁组分按质量比100:(8~10)混合,然后加入稀释剂2调节粘度到16~18S(涂四杯),静置消泡,喷涂到真空镀膜层上,膜厚控制住20±2um,60~70℃下烘烤0.5~1h。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明真空镀膜底漆中,甲组份选用特定的高羟值低粘度丙烯酸树脂能够赋予整个底漆优秀的流平性和硬度,从而提高了真空镀膜的镜面效果和稳定性,不哑色七彩;多元触变性含羟基丙烯酸树脂对亚克力底材和电镀层有极佳的附着力,其触变性与相对高的玻璃化温度,提高了底漆的快干性和抗垂挂性;
(2)本发明真空镀膜面漆中低羟值丙烯酸树脂与电镀层、底漆的适配性佳,附着力优异,耐候性强;含羟基官能团的有机硅流平剂兼具易清洁和防涂鸦功能,使得面漆具有一定的易清洁性和长效性,能够满足户外、浴室等场所的要求;
(3)本发明所述亚克力真空镀膜涂料涂装工艺可操作性强,烘烤时间及温度与传统的氨酯油真空镀膜涂料相当,不必对生产线进行大的改造,实用性强。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合具体实施例将对本发明的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式,都属于本发明所保护的范围。
以下实施例所用原料如非特别说明的均为普通市售产品。
以下实施例所用树脂的羟值与固含量具体如下:PJ61048-75(江门制漆厂)羟值:138mg KOH/g,固含量75%;HE6775-70(卓和树脂)羟值:100mg KOH/g,固含量70%;KMH-2882(科盟辉)羟值:53mg KOH/g,固含量50%;KMH-2883(科盟辉)羟值:65mg KOH/g,固含量50%;PAR-1528-65(深圳嘉盛达)羟值50mg KOH/g,固含量65%;1260T(KDD)羟值45mg KOH/g,固含量60%。
实施例1至5
一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料,包括真空镀膜底漆和真空镀膜面漆,其中,底漆的配方见表1所示,面漆的配方见表2所示。其中,稀释剂1为甲苯、二甲苯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、环己酮、乙二醇丁醚的混合液,质量比分别为5:20:5:20:15:5。稀释剂2为甲苯、二甲苯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、丙二醇醋酸酯、二异丁基酮的混合液,质量比分别为5:20:5:15:15:10。
表1
表2
亚克力真空镀膜涂料的涂装工艺步骤如下:
(1)涂装前先对亚克力底材进行清洁处理,然后将真空镀膜底漆的甲组份按表1所示比例加入到分散釜中,在600-800rpm下搅拌至均匀,再将甲组份和乙组分按表1所示比例混合,再用稀释剂1将底漆粘度调节到18~22S(涂四杯),然后喷涂到处理好的亚克力底材上,干膜厚度控制在15~25um,待静置流平后,70~80℃烘烤1~2h;
(2)底漆烘烤冷却后进行真空镀膜,然后将真空镀膜面漆的丙组份按表2所示比例加入到分散釜中,在800~1000rpm下搅拌至均匀,再将丙组份和丁组分按表2所示比例混合,然后加入稀释剂2调节粘度到16~18S(涂四杯),静置消泡,喷涂到真空镀膜层上,膜厚控制住20±2um,60~70℃下烘烤0.5~1h。
对比例1
一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料,包括真空镀膜底漆和真空镀膜面漆,其组成配方与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,本对比例1用羟值为86mg KOH/g,固含量60%的丙烯酸树脂(卓和树脂HE6651-60)替代实施例1中的PJ61048-75(江门制漆厂),固化剂N3390相应调整为13.5。
按照实施例1所述的涂装工艺对亚克力底材进行真空镀膜。
对比例2
一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料,包括真空镀膜底漆和真空镀膜面漆,其组成配方与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,本对比例2用羟值为80mg KOH/g,固含量60%的丙烯酸树脂(深圳嘉盛达PAR-1526-60)替代实施例1中的PAR-1528-65(深圳嘉盛达),固化剂N3390相应调整为14.5。
按照实施例1所述的涂装工艺对亚克力底材进行真空镀膜。
对比例3
一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料,包括真空镀膜底漆和真空镀膜面漆,其组成配方与实施例1基本相同,区别在于,本对比例3未使用KMH-2883,KMH-2883替换为PJ61048-75(江门制漆厂),固化剂N3390相应调整为31。
按照实施例1所述的涂装工艺对亚克力底材进行真空镀膜。
按照国家相关标准,对实施例1至5、对比例1至3所得的亚克力真空镀膜样板性能进行检测,测试结果如表3所示。
表3
注:对比例1因外观不符合要求,从视觉上即可判定工件作废,故未进行其他性能测试;对比例2、对比例3附着力差,故也未再进行其他性能测试。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明技术方案所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的具体实施方式的限定。凡在本发明权利要求书的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种亚克力真空镀膜涂料,包括真空镀膜底漆和真空镀膜面漆,其特征在于,所述真空镀膜底漆包括如下按质量份计算的组份:
甲组份:
高羟值低粘度丙烯酸树脂 40~50份;
多元触变性含羟基丙烯酸树脂 20~30份;
稀释剂1 18~30份;
附着力促进剂1 1~3份;
流平剂1 0.5~1份;
催干剂 0.1~0.5份;
油性纳米色精 0~5份;
乙组份:脂肪族聚异氰酸酯固化剂;
其中,甲组份和乙组份的质量比为:100:(15~25);
所述高羟值低粘度丙烯酸树脂为羟值在100~140 mg KOH /g且粘度η≤15 Pa.s/25℃的丙烯酸树脂;所述多元触变性含羟基丙烯酸树脂的玻璃化温度Tg为40~60℃,羟值为30~70 mg KOH /g;
所述真空镀膜面漆包括如下按质量份计算的组份:
丙组份:
低羟值丙烯酸树脂 60~80份;
稀释剂2 20~30份;
附着力促进剂2 1~3份;
流平剂2 0.5~1.5份;
消泡剂 0.5~1.5份;
紫外光吸收剂 1~2份;
催干剂 0.1~0.5份;
油性纳米色精 0~5份;
丁组份:脂肪族聚异氰酸酯固化剂;
其中,丙组份和丁组份的质量比为:100:(8~10);
所述低羟值丙烯酸树脂为羟值为30~60 mg KOH /g的丙烯酸树脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的亚克力真空镀膜涂料,其特征在于,所述稀释剂1为甲苯、二甲苯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、环己酮、乙二醇丁醚的混合液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的亚克力真空镀膜涂料,其特征在于,所述附着力促进剂1为带有反应性羟基的超支化改性聚酯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的亚克力真空镀膜涂料,其特征在于,所述流平剂1为丙烯酸酯聚合物类流平剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的亚克力真空镀膜涂料,其特征在于,所述稀释剂2为甲苯、二甲苯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、丙二醇醋酸酯、二异丁基酮的混合液。
6.根据权利要求1所述的亚克力真空镀膜涂料,其特征在于,所述附着力促进剂2为聚酯磷酸酯或环氧丙烯酸磷酸酯类附着力促进剂。
7.根据权利要求1所述的亚克力真空镀膜涂料,其特征在于,所述流平剂2为含羟基官能团的有机硅流平剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的亚克力真空镀膜涂料,其特征在于,所述催干剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡。
9.权利要求1至8任一权利要求所述的亚克力真空镀膜涂料的涂装工艺,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)涂装前先对亚克力底材进行清洁处理,然后将真空镀膜底漆的甲组份和乙组份 按质量比100:(15~25)比例混合,再用稀释剂1将底漆粘度调节到18~22s,然后喷涂到处理好的亚克力底材上,干膜厚度控制在15~25μm,待静置流平后,70~80℃烘烤1~2h;
(2)底漆烘烤冷却后进行真空镀膜,然后将真空镀膜面漆的丙组份和丁组份 按质量比100:(8~10)混合,然后加入稀释剂2调节粘度到16~18s,静置消泡,喷涂到真空镀膜层上,膜厚控制住20±2μm,60~70℃下烘烤0.5~1h。
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