CN112703878B

CN112703878B - Potato picking and grading combined harvester

Info

Publication number: CN112703878B
Application number: CN202011543569.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金杨
Original assignee: Linyi Wanda Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Linyi Wanda Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-24
Filing date: 2020-12-24
Publication date: 2022-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-24
Also published as: CN112703878A

Abstract

The invention discloses a potato picking and grading combined harvester, which relates to the technical field of potato harvesting equipment and comprises a machine body, wherein a push plate is fixedly arranged on the machine body, a shell is fixedly arranged on the machine body, a first conveying wheel is rotatably arranged in the shell, and a first conveying belt is arranged on the first conveying wheel. According to the potato harvester, the first conveying belt, the second conveying belt, the rotating blocks, the plastic pipes, the sponge blocks, the water pipes, the air pipes, the water tanks and the hot air boxes are arranged, so that potato harvesting, conveying, cleaning, drying and classifying are integrated, the potato harvesting efficiency is improved, the potatoes are cleaned, dried and classified in the conveying process through the conveying belts, space is effectively utilized, the device is integrated, the rotating blocks, the plastic pipes and the sponge blocks can clean and dry the potatoes, the potatoes can be stirred layer by layer above the conveying belts, and the situation that the potatoes roll down along the conveying belts is avoided.

Description

Potato picking and grading combined harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of potato harvesting equipment, in particular to a potato picking and grading combined harvester.

Background

The potato centralized planting area is mostly in the north of China, the growing period is only 80-90 days, Gansu is the main potato production area in China, most of the potatoes are harvested completely by manual operation, the operation means is backward, the labor intensity is high, the production efficiency is low, the harvesting operation cannot be completed before freezing in winter sometimes, great economic loss is caused to potato growers, the harvesting period is shortened due to the increase of the potato yield, and the labor amount of the potato harvesting operation accounts for about 40% of the total labor amount of production, so the problem of mechanized harvesting needs to be solved for realizing the mechanization of potato production, and the harvesting process mainly comprises the working procedures of digging, cleaning, drying, classifying and the like.

The existing potato harvester is processed in a segmented processing mode, cannot achieve integration of a potato harvesting process in the using process, and needs to invest a large amount of manpower, so that the harvesting efficiency of potatoes is influenced, and the cost of potato harvesting is increased.

To this end, we propose a potato picking and grading combine to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to improve the harvesting efficiency of potatoes and reduce the cost investment during potato harvesting, and provides a potato picking and grading combined harvester.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a graded combine harvester is picked up to potato, including the organism, fixed mounting has the push pedal on the organism, fixed mounting has the casing on the organism, the casing internal rotation installs first transfer gear, install first conveying belt on the first transfer gear, it is connected with the turning block to rotate on the lateral wall of casing, fixed mounting has the hollow shaft on the lateral wall of casing, fixed mounting has the plastic tubing on the turning block, the turning block rotates through the pivot and connects on the lateral wall of casing, fixed mounting has the drive wheel on the pivot, fixed mounting has gear motor on the lateral wall of casing, gear motor passes through drive belt and is connected with the drive wheel, the top fixed mounting of organism has the water tank, the top fixed mounting of organism has hot-blast case, the internal rotation of organism installs the second transfer gear, install the second conveying belt on the second transfer gear, a supporting plate is fixedly installed in the machine body, and a first cylinder and a second cylinder are placed on the supporting plate.

Optionally, a push shovel is fixedly mounted at one end, far away from the machine body, of the push plate, and the push shovel and the push plate are kept in an inclined state.

Optionally, the through-hole has been seted up in the push pedal, the mesh has been seted up on the first conveying belt, the quantity of through-hole is a plurality of, the one end that the organism was kept away from to the push pedal has been seted up logical groove, the one end that the organism was kept away from to the push pedal is the arc.

Optionally, one end of the rotating block is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the rotating block is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft through a bearing, one end of the hollow shaft is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell, and a through opening is formed in the hollow shaft.

Optionally, the number of plastic tubing is a plurality of, and is a plurality of the plastic tubing is linear array, fixed mounting has the sponge piece on the plastic tubing, the one end fixed mounting that the turning block was kept away from to the plastic tubing has the brush.

Optionally, the number of the rotating blocks is multiple, the rotating blocks are parallel to the linear array of the first conveying belt, and the rotating blocks are spaced from the first conveying belt and the second conveying belt.

Optionally, a water pump is fixedly installed in the water tank, a water pipe is fixedly installed on the water pump, and one end, far away from the water pump, of the water pipe is fixedly connected with a part of the hollow shaft.

Optionally, an air pipe is fixedly connected to the hot air box, and one end of the air pipe, which is far away from the hot air box, is fixedly connected to the remaining hollow shaft.

Optionally, a pipe body is fixedly installed between the first conveying wheel and the second conveying wheel, a first supporting rod is fixedly connected to the pipe body, one end, far away from the pipe body, of the first supporting rod is fixedly installed in the machine body, one end, far away from the first conveying belt, of the second conveying belt is in contact connection with an inclined plate, a sliding groove is formed in the inclined plate, a second supporting rod is fixedly connected to the inclined plate, and one end, far away from the inclined plate, of the second supporting rod is fixedly installed in the machine body.

Optionally, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are provided with meshes, and a connecting plate is arranged between the first conveying belt and the second conveying belt.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the potato harvester, the first conveying belt, the second conveying belt, the rotating blocks, the plastic pipes, the sponge blocks, the water pipes, the air pipes, the water tanks and the hot air boxes are arranged, so that the potato harvesting, conveying, cleaning, drying and classifying are integrated, the potato harvesting efficiency is improved, the potatoes are cleaned, dried and classified in the conveying process through the conveying belts, the space is effectively utilized, the device is integrated more strongly, the rotating blocks, the plastic pipes and the sponge blocks can not only clean and dry the potatoes, but also can stir the potatoes above the conveying belts layer by layer, the situation that the potatoes roll down along the conveying belts is avoided, and the sponges and the conveying belts are of flexible structures, so that the skin coat on the surfaces of the potatoes can be prevented from being damaged, and the potato harvesting, conveying, cleaning, drying and classifying can be carried out for a longer time.

2. According to the potato harvester, the first conveying belt and the second conveying belt are arranged, and the gaps between the first conveying belt and the second conveying belt can allow potatoes with smaller volumes to pass through, so that the potatoes can be classified according to the volume, workers can conveniently sort and pack the potatoes, and the working efficiency of potato harvesting is improved.

3. The invention is provided with the hollow shaft, and the lower end part of the hollow shaft is separately provided with the through hole, so that water spraying or hot air spraying can be carried out only when the plastic pipe rotates to the through hole, the energy is effectively utilized, the production cost is reduced, and the resource is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of a first embodiment of a potato picking and grading combine harvester according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic external view of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the rotary block of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a portion of the rotary block of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the push plate of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the second embodiment of the potato picking and grading combine harvester of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 machine body, 2 push plates, 3 push shovels, 4 shells, 5 through grooves, 6 through holes, 7 first transmission wheels, 8 first transmission belts, 9 meshes, 10 rotating blocks, 11 hollow shafts, 12 through holes, 13 plastic pipes, 14 sponge blocks, 15 hairbrushes, 16 rotating shafts, 17 transmission wheels, 18 water pipes, 19 speed reduction motors, 20 water tanks, 21 water pumps, 22 hot air tanks, 23 air pipes, 24 second transmission wheels, 25 second transmission belts, 26 pipe bodies, 27 first supporting rods, 28 inclined plates, 29 sliding grooves, 30 second supporting rods, 31 supporting plates, 32 first cylinders, 33 second cylinders and 34 connecting plates.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1-5, a potato picking and grading combined harvester comprises a harvester body 1, a push plate 2 is fixedly installed on the harvester body 1, a housing 4 is fixedly installed on the harvester body 1, a first transmission wheel 7 is rotatably installed in the housing 4, a first transmission belt 8 is installed on the first transmission wheel 7, a rotating block 10 is rotatably connected on the side wall of the housing 4, a hollow shaft 11 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing 4, a plastic pipe 13 is fixedly installed on the rotating block 10, the rotating block 10 is rotatably connected on the side wall of the housing 4 through a rotating shaft 16, a transmission wheel 17 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 16, a reduction motor 19 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing 4, the reduction motor 19 adopts a horizontal vertical 380V gear reduction motor with the model of GH/GV vancin precision 0.1KW-7.5KW, the reduction motor 19 is connected with the transmission wheel 17 through the transmission belt, a water tank 20 is fixedly installed at the top end of the harvester body 1, the top end of the machine body 1 is fixedly provided with a hot air box 22, a second conveying wheel 24 is rotatably arranged in the machine body 1, a second conveying belt 25 is arranged on the second conveying wheel 24, a supporting plate 31 is fixedly arranged in the machine body 1, and a first cylinder 32 and a second cylinder 33 are placed on the supporting plate 31.

One end of the push plate 2 far away from the machine body 1 is fixedly provided with a push shovel 3, the push shovel 3 and the push plate 2 keep an inclined state, and the center of the push shovel 3 is convex. The effect of push shovel 3 is that the earth and the potato in the place ahead are turned over, and the push pedal 2 of being convenient for is shoveled the potato on the first conveyer belt 8 in the push pedal 2.

Seted up through-hole 6 on push pedal 2, seted up mesh 9 on the first conveyor belt 8, the quantity of through-hole 6 is a plurality of, and push pedal 2 keeps away from the one end of organism 1 and has seted up logical groove 5, and the one end that organism 1 was kept away from to push pedal 2 is the arc. The effect of through-hole 6 and mesh 9 is when wasing the muddy water discharge that the production will be washd in the washing district, and the effect that leads to groove 5 is strained partial earth at propulsion in-process, reduces the volume of the mixed earth on push pedal 2, and the arc then protects the potato can not receive the damage.

One end of the rotating block 10 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 16, the rotating block 10 is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft 11 through a bearing, one end of the hollow shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell 4, a through hole 12 is formed in the part of the hollow shaft 11, a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the rotating block 10 and the hollow shaft 11, and the through hole 12 is formed in the lower end of the hollow shaft 11. Hollow shaft 11 and water pipe 18 or tuber pipe 23 fixed connection guarantee water and hot-blast can get into in the hollow shaft 11, the effect of sealing rubber circle is to prevent that the junction of turning block 10 and hollow shaft 11 from leaking water or gas leakage, and the lower tip of hollow shaft 11 separately is equipped with opening 12 and makes plastic tubing 13 just can communicate with the inner chamber of hollow shaft 11 when rotating the lower extreme of hollow shaft 11, make no matter spray water or blow hot-blast all can only spout or blow on the conveying belt, the work efficiency of device has not only been improved like this, and the energy saving, and the production cost is reduced.

The quantity of plastic tubing 13 is a plurality of, and a plurality of plastic tubing 13 are annular array, and fixed mounting has sponge piece 14 on the plastic tubing 13, and the one end fixed mounting that the turning block 10 was kept away from to plastic tubing 13 has brush 15, and the partial intercommunication of opening 12 is seted up with hollow shaft 11 to plastic tubing 13, and sponge piece 14's effect prevents that turning block 10 from causing the potato epidermis damaged at the rotation in-process, prolongs the shelf life of potato.

The number of the rotary blocks 10 is multiple, the rotary blocks 10 are parallel to the linear array of the first conveying belt 8, and the rotary blocks 10 are spaced from the first conveying belt 8 and the second conveying belt 25. A plurality of turning blocks 10 not only can wash and dry the potato, but also can dial the potato to conveyer's top in the in-process of washing and drying, avoided the potato condition of rolling downwards on conveyer, guaranteed that the potato transportation can stably go on, the interval between turning block 10 and first conveyer 8 and second conveyer 25 is less, guarantees that less potato also can not roll to conveyer's lower extreme from the interval.

A water pump 21 is fixedly arranged in the water tank 20, the water pump 21 adopts a booster water pump with the model number of JET-G17-37, a water pipe 18 is fixedly arranged on the water pump 21, and one end of the water pipe 18 far away from the water pump 21 is fixedly connected with a part of the hollow shaft 11. Wherein a part of the hollow shafts 11 refers to several hollow shafts 11 at the lower end of the first conveyor belt 8 in order to clean the freshly dug potatoes for removing the dirt mixed in the potatoes.

An air pipe 23 is fixedly connected to the hot air box 22, the model of the hot air box 22 is ST-6, and one end of the air pipe 23, which is far away from the hot air box 22, is fixedly connected with the rest of the hollow shaft 11. The remaining hollow shafts 11 are referred to as hollow shafts 11 above the conveyor belt in order to dry the cleaned potatoes and to avoid deterioration of the potatoes in a short time.

Fixed mounting has a body 26 between first transfer gear 7 and the second transfer gear 24, the first bracing piece 27 of fixedly connected with on the body 26, the one end fixed mounting that body 26 was kept away from to first bracing piece 27 is in organism 1, the one end contact that first transfer gear 8 was kept away from to second conveyer 25 is connected with swash plate 28, spout 29 has been seted up on the swash plate 28, fixedly connected with second bracing piece 30 on the swash plate 28, the one end fixed mounting that swash plate 28 was kept away from to second bracing piece 30 is in organism 1. The pipe 26 is used for enabling potatoes with small volume to enter the first cylinder 32, the inclined plate 28 is used for enabling potatoes with large volume to enter the second cylinder 33, the sliding groove 29 prevents the potatoes from being separated from the inclined plate 28 when sliding on the inclined plate 28, the first supporting rod 27 supports and fixes the pipe 26, and the second supporting rod 30 supports and fixes the inclined plate 28.

The first cylinder 32 and the second cylinder 33 are provided with meshes, and a connecting plate 34 is installed between the first conveyor belt 8 and the second conveyor belt 25. The effect of seting up the mesh on first drum 32 and the second drum 33 is that the staff of being convenient for observes categorisedly, and the inside rubber material that all adopts of first drum 32 and second drum 33 simultaneously avoids the potato to collide the damage, and the effect of connecting plate 34 is when need not using when categorised the potato, avoids in the less potato entering body 26 of volume.

The working principle is as follows:

firstly, a worker starts the potato combine harvester to move on the ground planted with potatoes, the push shovel 3 is inserted into soil, the push shovel 3 moves forwards along with the machine body 1 to turn out the soil in front and the potatoes, at the moment, the push board 2 moves forwards along with the machine body 1 to shovel the soil piles containing the potatoes into a first conveying belt 8 in the push board 2, as the first conveying belt 8 is provided with meshes 9, part of soil is sieved out of the meshes 9 in the conveying process, at the moment, a water pump 21 and a speed reducing motor 19 are both in an open state, water in a water tank 20 enters a plurality of hollow shafts 11 positioned below through water pipes 18 through the water pump 21, the speed reducing motor 19 drives the rotating blocks 10 to rotate on the hollow shafts 11, as the hollow shafts 11 start to be provided with through holes 12 at the lower parts, the plastic pipes 13 rotating to the lower parts of the hollow shafts 11 spray water to wash the soil on the potatoes, the brush 15 on the plastic pipe 13 improves the cleaning efficiency, the rotating block 10 can move the potatoes upwards along the first conveying belt 8 through the plastic pipe 13 and the sponge block 14 when rotating, the cleaned potatoes are prevented from sliding downwards along the first conveying belt 8, the washed muddy water is discharged through the meshes 9 and the through holes 6, when the cleaned potatoes pass through the drying area, the hot air box 22 is in a working state, the generated hot air enters the hollow shaft 11 above through the air pipe 23, the part of the plastic pipe 13 below the rotating block 10 can spray hot air to dry the potatoes, the potatoes are pushed upwards in the drying process through the plastic pipe 13 and the sponge block 14 along with the rotation of the rotating block 10 in the drying area, when the potatoes pass through the space between the first conveying belt 8 and the second conveying belt 25, the potatoes with smaller size can enter the pipe body 26 through the gap between the first conveying belt 8 and the second conveying belt 25 and can be dried upwards The potatoes enter the first cylinder 32 along the pipe body 26, the potatoes with larger volume cannot fall into the gap between the first conveying belt 8 and the second conveying belt 25, the potatoes move on the second conveying belt 25 through the gap under the driving of the plastic pipe 13 and the sponge block 14 on the rotating block 10, when the potatoes move to the highest point on the second conveying belt 25, the potatoes slide into the second cylinder 33 along with the inclined plate 28, and finally, the first cylinder 32 and the second cylinder 33 filled with the potatoes are taken out and replaced by workers.

Example two

As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a connecting plate 34 is installed between the first conveyor belt 8 and the second conveyor belt 25, and the connecting plate 34 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing 4. The embodiment aims at the situation that potato classification is not needed, and the embodiment needs to perform potato classification, so the rotating speed of the rotating block 10 is kept in a low state, the situation that potatoes with small sizes are brought to the second conveying belt 25 by the plastic pipes 14 and the sponge blocks 14 on the rotating block 10 to influence the potato classification result is avoided, and the embodiment does not need to perform potato classification, namely the rotating speed of the rotating block 10 can be accelerated, so that the potato collection efficiency can be improved, and the time needed by potato harvesting is greatly reduced.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Hierarchical combine is picked up to potato, including organism (1), its characterized in that, fixed mounting has push pedal (2) on organism (1), fixed mounting has casing (4) on organism (1), first transfer pulley (7) are installed to casing (4) internal rotation, install first conveying belt (8) on first transfer pulley (7), it is connected with turning block (10) to rotate on the lateral wall of casing (4), fixed mounting has hollow shaft (11) on the lateral wall of casing (4), fixed mounting has plastic tubing (13) on turning block (10), turning block (10) rotate through pivot (16) and connect on the lateral wall of casing (4), fixed mounting has drive wheel (17) on pivot (16), fixed mounting has gear motor (19) on the lateral wall of casing (4), gear motor (19) are connected with drive wheel (17) through drive belt, the top end of the machine body (1) is fixedly provided with a water tank (20), the top end of the machine body (1) is fixedly provided with a hot air box (22), the machine body (1) is rotatably provided with a second conveying wheel (24), the second conveying wheel (24) is provided with a second conveying belt (25), the machine body (1) is internally and fixedly provided with a supporting plate (31), the supporting plate (31) is provided with a first cylinder (32) and a second cylinder (33), the hot air box (22) is fixedly connected with an air pipe (23), one end of the air pipe (23) far away from the hot air box (22) is fixedly connected with the hollow shaft (11) of the rest part, a pipe body (26) is fixedly arranged between the first conveying wheel (7) and the second conveying wheel (24), the pipe body (26) is fixedly connected with a first supporting rod (27), one end of the first supporting rod (27) far away from the pipe body (26) is fixedly arranged in the machine body (1), the one end contact that first conveyer belt (8) was kept away from to second conveyer belt (25) is connected with swash plate (28), spout (29) have been seted up on swash plate (28), fixedly connected with second bracing piece (30) on swash plate (28), the one end fixed mounting that swash plate (28) were kept away from to second bracing piece (30) is in organism (1), the mesh has been seted up on first drum (32) and second drum (33), install connecting plate (34) between first conveyer belt (8) and second conveyer belt (25), the one end fixed connection of turning block (10) is on pivot (16), turning block (10) rotates through the bearing and connects on hollow shaft (11), the one end fixed connection of hollow shaft (11) is on the lateral wall of casing (4), the lower tip part of hollow shaft (11) separately is equipped with opening (12), the quantity of plastic tubing (13) is a plurality of, and is a plurality of plastic tubing (13) is linear array, fixed mounting has sponge piece (14) on plastic tubing (13), the one end fixed mounting that turning block (10) were kept away from in plastic tubing (13) has brush (15), the quantity of turning block (10) is a plurality of, and is a plurality of turning block (10) are on a parallel with first conveyer belt (8) linear array, turning block (10) keep the interval with first conveyer belt (8) and second conveyer belt (25), fixed mounting has water pump (21) in water tank (20), fixed mounting has water pipe (18) on water pump (21), the one end and part hollow shaft (11) fixed connection wherein of water pump (21) are kept away from in water pipe (18).

2. A potato picking and grading combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that a push shovel (3) is fixedly mounted at the end of the push plate (2) far away from the machine body (1), and the push shovel (3) and the push plate (2) are kept in an inclined state.

3. A potato picking and grading combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the push plate (2) is provided with a plurality of through holes (6), the first conveyor belt (8) is provided with meshes (9), the number of the through holes (6) is multiple, one end of the push plate (2) far away from the harvester body (1) is provided with a through groove (5), and one end of the push plate (2) far away from the harvester body (1) is arc-shaped.