CN112680638B - Preparation method of high-efficiency aluminum profile for relieving - Google Patents

Preparation method of high-efficiency aluminum profile for relieving Download PDF

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CN112680638B
CN112680638B CN202011264205.2A CN202011264205A CN112680638B CN 112680638 B CN112680638 B CN 112680638B CN 202011264205 A CN202011264205 A CN 202011264205A CN 112680638 B CN112680638 B CN 112680638B
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aluminum alloy
aluminum
aluminum profile
cast rod
alloy cast
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CN112680638A (en
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陈宜钊
刘荣超
罗俊
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Foshan Sanshui Fenglu Aluminium Co Ltd
Guangdong Fenglu Aluminium Co Ltd
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Foshan Sanshui Fenglu Aluminium Co Ltd
Guangdong Fenglu Aluminium Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a high-efficiency aluminum profile for a relieving, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: obtaining an aluminum alloy cast rod with the average grain size of less than 150 mu m; extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod to obtain an aluminum profile with a uniform cross section and a fine-grained structure state and uniform internal hardness distribution; and slowly cooling the aluminum profile to obtain the aluminum profile for the relieving. The method can solve the problem that the tooth height after the forming relieved tooth is processed is not enough due to the fact that the aluminum alloy plate is easy to be subjected to coarse crystallization in the prior art for preparing the forming relieved tooth radiator by adopting the aluminum alloy plate, and the aluminum profile with uniform interface fine crystal structure state and uniform internal hardness distribution is obtained so as to prepare the forming relieved tooth radiator with straight tooth sheets, excellent vertical tooth height and good consistency among forming relieved teeth.

Description

Preparation method of high-efficiency aluminum profile for relieving
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum profiles, in particular to a preparation method of an aluminum profile for a high-efficiency relieving.
Background
Along with the development of science and technology, aluminum alloy extruded radiators are widely applied, and the aluminum alloy extruded radiators account for a large market proportion due to factors such as convenience in processing. The integrated circuit integration level that takes products such as 5G base station equipment, new forms of energy charging stake high-power inverter as the representative promotes and miniaturized requirement, and integrated circuit also is higher and higher to the demand of system heat-sinking capability. Under the influence of extrusion forming processing characteristics, the heat dissipation teeth of the aluminum alloy extrusion radiator are thick, the number of teeth is low, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the aluminum alloy extrusion radiator can not meet the heat dissipation requirement of the integrated circuit.
In recent years, high-efficiency aluminum alloy relieved tooth radiators are developed and applied more and more, and compared with aluminum alloy extruded radiators, the aluminum alloy relieved tooth radiators have the characteristics of ultrahigh tooth number, higher heat dissipation efficiency and better finished product air ducts. The tooth space of the shovel tooth radiator can reach 1.5mm at most, the thickness of the fin is as thin as 0.7mm, the machined surface is provided with uniform rough bulges, and the aluminum alloy shovel tooth radiator with the same contact area has about 30% higher efficiency than an aluminum alloy extruded radiator. The aluminum alloy relieved tooth process has the defects of high aluminum loss and high cost because the aluminum alloy relieved tooth process has very high requirements on base materials, such as uniform cross section tissues, good metal fluidity along the relieved tooth direction, good hardness consistency of all parts and the like, and is mainly made of a hot rolled aluminum plate by a laser cutting method. In order to solve the problem that the radiator is prepared by adopting a hot-rolled aluminum plate, the aluminum loss is large, the cost is high, in the prior art, an aluminum profile is generally adopted to replace the hot-rolled aluminum plate, so that the cutting loss can be reduced, and the cost is reduced. However, the aluminum profile is adopted to prepare the relieved tooth radiator, so that the problem that the tooth height after the relieved tooth is processed is not enough due to the fact that the aluminum profile is easy to be coarse-grained is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, in order to solve the problem that the tooth height after the forming relieved tooth is processed is not enough due to the fact that the aluminum profile is easy to be coarse-grained in the prior art that the forming relieved tooth radiator is prepared by adopting the aluminum profile, the invention provides a preparation method of the aluminum profile for the high-efficiency forming relieved tooth, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a preparation method of an aluminum profile for a high-efficiency relieving tooth comprises the following steps:
obtaining an aluminum alloy cast rod with the average grain size of less than 150 mu m;
extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod to obtain an aluminum profile with a uniform cross section fine-grained structure state and uniform internal hardness distribution;
and slowly cooling the aluminum profile to obtain the aluminum profile for the relieving.
The aluminum alloy cast rod with the average grain size smaller than 150 mu m can provide a good preposed grain foundation for the extrusion of the aluminum alloy cast rod, and further the aluminum section with uniform cross section fine grain structure state and uniform internal hardness distribution is obtained. And the extruded aluminum profile is quenched on line by adopting a slow cooling process, so that the problem of local micro deformation of the aluminum profile can be avoided. By the method for preparing the aluminum profile for the forming relieved teeth, the problem that the tooth height after forming relieved teeth is not enough due to the fact that aluminum alloy plates are easy to be coarse-grained in the prior art for preparing the forming relieved tooth radiator can be solved, the aluminum profile with uniform interface fine-grained tissue state and uniform internal hardness distribution is obtained, the aluminum profile has excellent forming process performance, and the forming relieved tooth radiator with straight tooth sheets, excellent tooth standing height and good consistency among forming relieved teeth is prepared.
Further, the specific method for obtaining the aluminum alloy cast rod with the average grain size of less than 150 μm comprises the following steps:
aluminum alloy raw materials are proportioned and then loaded into a furnace to be melted, and raw material melt is obtained;
adding argon into the furnace to refine the raw material melt, and performing online degassing and online filtering on the refined raw material melt to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
and casting the aluminum alloy melt to obtain the aluminum alloy cast rod.
Further, the hydrogen content of the aluminum alloy melt is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100 gAl.
Furthermore, the on-line filtration is double-stage filtration, a 40-mesh foamed ceramic filter plate is adopted in the first-stage filtration, and a 60-mesh foamed ceramic filter plate is adopted in the second-stage filtration.
Further, the heating temperature of a die for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is 400-420 ℃.
Further, when the aluminum alloy cast rod is extruded, the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy cast rod is 345-355 ℃.
Further, the main cylinder speed of the extruder for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod was 20 mm/s.
Further, the discharging speed of an extruder for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is more than 13.5 m/min.
Further, the discharging temperature of an extruder for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is 420-445 ℃.
Further, the aluminum profile for the forming relieved tooth comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.10 to 0.15 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.14 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.02 to 0.03 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Cu, and the balance of Al.
Drawings
The invention will be further understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall flow chart of a method for manufacturing a high-performance aluminum profile for a tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a first structural schematic view of an extrusion die of a method for manufacturing a high-performance aluminum profile for a relieved tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an extrusion die of a method for manufacturing a high-performance aluminum profile for a relieved tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a first diagram of a first embodiment of a tooth-forming heat sink made of an aluminum profile prepared by the aluminum profile preparation method of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a second real image of the relieved tooth radiator prepared by the aluminum profile preparation method of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to embodiments thereof. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The terms "first" and "second" used herein do not denote any particular order or quantity, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.
The aluminum alloy relieved tooth process has the defects of high aluminum loss and high cost because the aluminum alloy relieved tooth process has very high requirements on base materials, such as uniform cross section tissues, good metal fluidity along the relieved tooth direction, good hardness consistency of all parts and the like, and is mainly made of a hot rolled aluminum plate by a laser cutting method. In order to solve the problem that the radiator is prepared by adopting a hot-rolled aluminum plate, the aluminum loss is large, the cost is high, in the prior art, an aluminum profile is generally adopted to replace the hot-rolled aluminum plate to prepare the relieved tooth radiator, so that the cutting loss can be reduced, and the cost is reduced.
The used substrate cross section of forming relieved tooth radiator is big and thick, and when adopting the aluminium alloy preparation forming relieved tooth radiator, it has following problem: 1. the aluminum profile plate deforms in the extrusion forming process, certain tissue nonuniformity exists on the cross section of the aluminum profile plate, and the tooth sheet is easy to generate C-shaped small bending in the process of relieving machining; 2. the aluminum profile is quenched and cooled on line in the conventional preparation process, local micro deformation can be caused by non-uniformity of cooling, the macro performance of the aluminum profile cannot be detected, and the tooth sheets are easy to have S-shaped large bending during the process of relieving; 3. the forming relieved tooth usually adopts 1 system aluminum alloy sheet material, and it can lead to the tooth height after the forming relieved tooth to be not enough because of the easy coarse grain of aluminium alloy.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for manufacturing an aluminum profile for a high-performance tooth in an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
obtaining an aluminum alloy cast rod with the average grain size of less than 150 mu m;
extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod to obtain an aluminum profile with a uniform cross section fine-grained structure state and uniform internal hardness distribution;
and slowly cooling the aluminum profile to obtain the aluminum profile for the relieving.
The aluminum alloy cast rod with the average grain size smaller than 150 mu m can provide a good preposed grain foundation for the extrusion of the aluminum alloy cast rod, and further the aluminum section with uniform cross section fine grain structure state and uniform internal hardness distribution is obtained. And the extruded aluminum profile is quenched on line by adopting a slow cooling process, so that the problem of local micro deformation of the aluminum profile can be avoided. By the method for preparing the aluminum profile for the forming relieved teeth, the problem that the tooth height after forming relieved teeth is not enough due to the fact that aluminum alloy plates are easy to be subjected to coarse crystallization in the prior art for preparing the forming relieved tooth radiator can be solved, the aluminum profile with uniform interface fine-grain organization state and uniform internal hardness distribution is obtained, the aluminum profile has excellent forming relieved tooth processing technological performance, and the forming relieved tooth radiator with straight tooth sheets, excellent tooth standing height and good consistency among forming relieved teeth is prepared, as shown in fig. 4 and 5.
In one embodiment, a specific method for obtaining an aluminum alloy cast rod having an average grain size of less than 150 μm comprises:
aluminum alloy raw materials are proportioned and then loaded into a furnace to be melted, and raw material melt is obtained;
adding argon into the furnace to refine the raw material melt, and performing online degassing and online filtering on the refined raw material melt to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
and casting the aluminum alloy melt to obtain the aluminum alloy cast rod.
The aluminum alloy raw materials comprise aluminum alloy cast ingots, titanium ingots and aluminum-titanium intermediate alloys, the aluminum alloy cast ingots, the titanium ingots and the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloys are designed by adopting alloy components in the 1060 national standard range, and the casting modifier is aluminum-titanium-boron wires. The aluminum-titanium-boron wire is added into an aluminum launder by a double wire feeder so as to ensure normal operation of the whole charging and melting process of the aluminum alloy raw material.
The addition amount of the aluminum-titanium-boron wire is 0.004-0.006 percent of the weight of the raw material melt, namely 4-6 kg of the aluminum-titanium-boron wire is added to each ton of the raw material melt. Preferably, the addition amount of the aluminum-titanium-boron wire is 0.005% of the weight of the raw material melt, namely, 5 kg of the aluminum-titanium-boron wire is added to each ton of the raw material melt, so that the aluminum alloy crystal grain is refined, the internal shrinkage cavity, shrinkage porosity, air hole, hot crack and segregation tendency are reduced, and the internal quality of the aluminum product is improved. The addition amount of the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy is 0.015-0.025% of the weight of the raw material melt, namely, the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy accounts for 15-25 kg in each ton of raw material solution. Preferably, the addition amount of the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy is 0.02% of the weight of the raw material melt, namely, the weight of the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy in each ton of the raw material melt is 20 kg. The aluminum alloy cast rod does not need to be subjected to homogenizing treatment, the average grain size of the aluminum alloy cast rod is less than 150 mu m, and the defects of coarse grains, feather grains and the like are avoided.
The aluminum alloy cast rod with the average grain size smaller than 150 mu m obtained by the method is used for preparing the aluminum profile for the forming relieved tooth, the extrusion structure is stable, and the forming performance of the forming relieved tooth is stable.
In one embodiment, the prior degassing can reduce the hydrogen content in the tail gas to 0.15ml/100gAl, and the in-line filtration is a two-stage filtration, wherein the first stage filtration adopts a 40-mesh foamed ceramic filter plate, and the second stage filtration adopts a 60-mesh foamed ceramic filter plate.
In one embodiment, the heating temperature of a die for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is 400-420 ℃. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the mold structure adopts a shallow and large flow guide structure, abandons the traditional deformation control method of a deep flow guide long working belt, and adopts a short working belt pre-concave deformation treatment method. The extrusion die adopts the structure, so that the integral deformation of metal forming can be reduced.
Utilize the mould, in carrying out the extrusion process to the aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy flows and possesses high metal flow variable speed to obtain the even aluminium alloy of the even, inside hardness distribution of cross section fine grain structure state. And the aluminum profile for the relieving with the required grain size can be obtained by adjusting the extrusion process and the components of the aluminum alloy cast rod.
In one embodiment, when the aluminum alloy cast rod is extruded, the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy cast rod is 345-355 ℃, the main cylinder speed of an extruder used for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is 20mm/s, and the plate temperature in the extruder is 370 ℃. The discharging speed of an extruder for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is more than 13.5m/min, and the discharging temperature of the extruder for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is 420-445 ℃.
In one embodiment, the specific method for slowly cooling the aluminum profile comprises the following steps: all cooling fans are closed firstly, including fans on the cooling bed and all fans capable of blowing materials, and after the aluminum profile is cooled to 150 ℃, a directional air cooling mode can be adopted to cool the aluminum profile to below 50 ℃.
The section of the aluminum profile obtained by the slow cooling method has uniform grain structure which is basically 50-100 mu m, the internal material grain of the aluminum profile is slight, the residual extrusion structure is less, and the optimal level of a surface coarse crystal layer can reach 0-0.1 mm.
In one embodiment, the aluminum profile for the forming relieved tooth comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.10 to 0.15 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.14 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.02 to 0.03 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Cu, and the balance of Al.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A preparation method of an aluminum profile for a high-efficiency relieving tooth is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining an aluminum alloy cast rod with the average grain size of less than 150 mu m;
extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod to obtain an aluminum profile with a uniform cross section fine-grained structure state and uniform internal hardness distribution;
slowly cooling the aluminum profile to obtain an aluminum profile for the forming relieved tooth;
the aluminum profile for the relieving comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Mg, 0.10 to 0.15 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.14 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Zn, 0.02 to 0.03 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Cu, and the balance of Al;
wherein the heating temperature of a die for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is 400-420 ℃, the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy cast rod is 345-355 ℃ when the aluminum alloy cast rod is extruded, the main cylinder speed of an extruder for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is 20mm/s, the discharge speed of the extruder for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is more than 13.5m/min, the discharge temperature of the extruder for extruding the aluminum alloy cast rod is 420-445 ℃, and the specific method for slowly cooling the aluminum profile comprises the following steps: all cooling fans are closed firstly, including fans on the cooling bed and all fans capable of blowing materials, and after the aluminum profile is cooled to 150 ℃, a directional air cooling mode can be adopted to cool the aluminum profile to below 50 ℃.
2. The method for preparing the aluminum profile for the high-efficiency relieving tooth according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for obtaining the aluminum alloy cast rod with the average grain size of less than 150 μm comprises the following steps:
aluminum alloy raw materials are proportioned and then loaded into a furnace to be melted, and raw material melt is obtained;
adding argon into the furnace to refine the raw material melt, and performing online degassing and online filtering on the refined raw material melt to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
and casting the aluminum alloy melt to obtain the aluminum alloy cast rod.
3. The method for preparing the aluminum profile for the high-performance relieving tooth according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogen content of the aluminum alloy melt is less than or equal to 0.15ml/100 gAl.
4. The method for preparing the aluminum profile for the high-performance relieving tooth according to claim 3, wherein the on-line filtration is double-stage filtration, a 40-mesh foamed ceramic filter plate is adopted in the first stage filtration, and a 60-mesh foamed ceramic filter plate is adopted in the second stage filtration.
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CN114411026B (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-11-25 河南泰鸿新材料有限公司 Charging pile aluminum alloy plate for new energy vehicle and preparation method thereof
CN115216659B (en) * 2022-08-16 2023-05-16 湖南中创空天新材料股份有限公司 Preparation method of 1060 aluminum alloy flat row
CN115283471B (en) * 2022-10-08 2022-12-20 中北大学 Forward extrusion uniform forming method for complex section
CN115976376A (en) * 2022-12-21 2023-04-18 广东领胜新材料科技有限公司 Aluminum profile for relieving heat radiator and extrusion method thereof
CN115948681B (en) * 2022-12-21 2024-04-16 广东兴发铝业有限公司 Aluminum profile for relieved tooth radiator and extrusion production method thereof

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CN110387515A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-10-29 江苏南铝创佳金属股份有限公司 A kind of production method promoting 6063 aluminum alloy core matrix grain degree
CN111906508A (en) * 2020-07-28 2020-11-10 湖南中创空天新材料股份有限公司 Relieving heat radiator and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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