CN112673947B

CN112673947B - Lily vegetable seed seedling raising device and seedling raising method

Info

Publication number: CN112673947B
Application number: CN202011504726.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨志鹏; 张芳; 隋书婷; 李晶
Original assignee: Qingdao Tengrunxiang Testing And Evaluation Co ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Tengrunxiang Testing And Evaluation Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-18
Filing date: 2020-12-18
Publication date: 2022-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-18
Also published as: CN112673947A

Abstract

The invention relates to a seedling raising device and a seedling raising method for lily vegetable seeds, belongs to the technical field of seed seedling raising devices, and comprises a processing device and a seedling raising tray, wherein the seedling raising tray comprises a seedling carrying tray and a planting tray, the seedling carrying tray is positioned right above the planting tray, and the seedling carrying tray and the planting tray can be assembled and disassembled. According to the invention, the seeds and the friction medium are mechanically abraded, so that the dormancy of the seeds is broken, the germination time is shortened, and the germination rate of the seeds is improved; and a lower water replenishing mode is adopted, so that seedling pouring is reduced, semi-automatic thinning is realized under the condition that seedlings are not damaged, and the like. The technical scheme of the invention is suitable for seedling raising of seeds of liliaceous vegetables such as Chinese chives, green Chinese onions, onions and the like, can complete multiple seedling raising processes such as seeding, seedling raising, thinning and hardening, is simple to operate, is convenient for statistics, seedling lifting and transplanting, improves the survival rate of seedlings and reduces the seedling raising cost.

Description

Lily vegetable seed seedling raising device and seedling raising method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant propagation, and particularly relates to a seedling raising device and a seedling raising method for seeds of vegetables in Liliaceae.

Background

Seedling culture is an important link for generating vegetables and fruits, and the correct application of good seeds to breed strong seedlings is the guarantee of obtaining high-yield, high-quality and high-benefit products, so that the cultivation of strong seedlings is the key for realizing the high-efficiency production of vegetables. Firmness is a ubiquitous phenomenon in plants. It is commonly found in Leguminosae, Convolvulaceae, Malvaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Liliaceae, Sterculiaceae, etc. The hard seed coat has poor water and air permeability and mechanical limitation on embryo growth, causing seed dormancy. Genetic factors, mother plant environment, storage conditions, harvesting method, maturity, water content, size, shape and color of the seed can all affect the hard seed rate.

The seeds of the liliaceae are black and shield-shaped, the skin wrinkles are much and fine, no obvious concave depression is formed in the umbilical region, the seed coat is hard to swell and germinate, and the seeds are called hard seeds or hard seeds, hard-kernel seeds and hard-shell seeds according to the characteristic in the seed classification. The leek, the green Chinese onion and the onion all belong to liliaceous vegetables, and the three vegetables are wide in distribution, high in yield and income and occupy important positions in vegetable production. The leek originates from China, has a long cultivation history, and is widely planted at present in China, and accounts for 5% -6% of vegetable fields. Leek is a perennial herb, and seeds or perennial roots can be propagated. The green Chinese onions and the onions are mainly used for raising seedlings of seeds and then are transplanted for planting. The seeds of the liliaceae vegetables have long germination and emergence time during propagation, seedlings grow slowly, and weeds grow vigorously during the period, so that the normal growth of the liliaceae vegetables can be seriously influenced.

The dormancy of hard seeds is caused by poor water and air permeability of seed coats and mechanical binding of the seed coats to embryo growth, and healthy seedlings can be cultivated only by deeply knowing the germination characteristics of vegetable seeds and adopting proper treatment and meeting the requirements of the characteristics during germination because of various varieties of liliaceous vegetables and relatively complex dormancy and germination characteristics of the seeds. The seeds of the three liliaceae vegetable seeds have poor water permeability of seed coats and slow water absorption expansion, and the three liliaceae vegetable seeds have short service life and are not suitable for old seeds during planting. The invention provides a seedling raising device and a seedling raising method for lily vegetable seeds, which can soften hard seed coats and reduce mechanical constraint by adopting mechanical damage and seed soaking, so that seed dormancy is relieved, the germination rate and the germination vigor are improved, the seedling raising time can be effectively shortened, the seedling raising efficiency is improved, and the seedling transplanting survival rate is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The invention aims to provide a seedling raising device and a seedling raising method for liliaceous vegetable seeds, which are suitable for raising seedlings of liliaceous vegetable seeds such as onions, green Chinese onions and Chinese chives and have the advantages of being simple to operate, saving time and labor.

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a seedling raising device and a seedling raising method for lily vegetable seeds, which are characterized in that the dormancy of hard seeds, particularly lily vegetable seeds, is relieved by arranging a processing device, a seedling carrying tray and a planting tray, the germination rate and the germination vigor of the hard seeds are improved, the structures are simple to assemble, the operation is convenient and fast, the working efficiency is improved, the seedling raising time can be effectively shortened, and the seedling raising efficiency is improved; and the device can reuse many times, improves the survival rate of transplanting of liliaceae vegetable seedling.

(II) technical scheme

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a seedling raising device for seeds of vegetables in Liliaceae comprises a processing device and a seedling raising tray, wherein the seedling raising tray comprises a seedling carrying tray and a planting tray, the seedling carrying tray is positioned right above the planting tray, and the seedling carrying tray and the planting tray can be assembled and disassembled;

furthermore, the treatment device comprises a bottom plate, a side baffle, a rear baffle and a front baffle, the treatment device is combined into an upper-part open type box body, a pushing handle is arranged on the outer side of the rear baffle, a stirrer is further arranged in the treatment device, the stirrer comprises a rolling shaft and a stirring handle, the stirring handle penetrates through the side baffle and is connected with the rolling shaft, a rolling shaft slide way is arranged on the side baffle, and two pulleys are arranged at the joint of the bottom plate and the front baffle; a seed screening net is arranged right above the bottom plate, 20(4 x 5) hole screens are arranged on the seed screening net, and the hole screens are 80-mesh steel wire meshes;

furthermore, the seedling carrying tray comprises a seedling separating frame, a buckling net and a handle, the handle is positioned on the short edge of the seedling separating frame, the buckling net comprises an inner buckling net and an outer buckling net, the inner buckling net is sunken in the outer buckling net, and the seedling carrying tray is divided into a primary seedling carrying tray and a secondary seedling carrying tray and is connected through a connecting groove;

furthermore, the planting disc comprises planting holes, a water storage device and a carrier box, wherein the number of the planting holes is 20(4 x 5), the holes are in an inverted cone shape, the side wall of each planting hole is provided with a ventilation channel, the upper part of each planting hole is provided with a vent hole, the lower part of each planting hole is provided with a water absorption net, the water storage device comprises a water inlet, a water inlet channel and a circulation port, the circulation port is communicated with the water inlet, and the water inlet channel is connected with the water absorption net.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical means:

a seedling raising method using the device for raising seedlings of lily vegetables seeds in any one of the schemes comprises the following steps:

a) mixing seeds, namely placing the seeds and a friction medium on a treatment device, pushing a stirring handle to drive a rolling shaft to rotate, uniformly mixing the seeds and the friction medium, controlling a pushing handle, lifting a rear baffle off the ground, contacting the pulley with the ground, and shaking the treatment device back and forth to continuously rub the seeds and the friction medium;

b) seedling culture, filling a matrix into the planting holes, taking out the seed screening net, filtering a friction medium, dispersing the exposed seeds on the hole screening net on the seed screening net into the planting holes, connecting the primary seedling carrying tray and the secondary seedling carrying tray through a connecting groove, placing the seedling carrying trays above the planting trays, filling the inner buckling net with the matrix, and covering the seeds;

c) raising seedlings, namely adopting a lower water replenishing mode through a water storage device, enabling water to flow through a water inlet channel through a water inlet, and performing water absorption and replenishing through a water absorption net;

d) thinning the seedlings, wherein the height of the seedlings is 5cm, lifting the whole planting hole out of the carrier box, pushing a water absorption net from the bottom or shaking the water absorption net by a small rod through a ventilation channel, lifting a handle, taking out the matrix and the seedlings in the whole planting hole by an inner buckling net, and respectively placing a primary seedling carrying disc and a secondary seedling carrying disc into two new planting discs to realize multi-hole thinning and transplanting;

e) transplanting/hardening off seedlings, lifting the seedling carrying tray, taking out the seedlings from the planting tray, and ensuring that the seedlings are taken out from the planting tray and are in an upright state by the seedling separating frame, so that the seedlings can be transplanted or hardened off conveniently;

further, the friction medium comprises solid substances such as sand, stones, ceramic particles, glass beads, vermiculite, perlite and the like;

further, the friction medium is fine sand with an average particle size of 0.01mm, wherein particles with a particle size greater than 0.075mm are more than 85% of the total weight.

Furthermore, the matrix comprises turfy soil, plant ash, peat, vermiculite, perlite, microbial fertilizer, water and the like.

Further, the components comprise, by weight, 20-60% of turfy soil, 1-10% of plant ash, 2-10% of peat, 5-15% of vermiculite, 5-15% of perlite, 3-5% of microbial fertilizer and 5-20% of water; the sum of all the components is 100 percent;

preferably, the matrix components are: 55% of turfy soil, 7% of plant ash, 4% of peat, 10% of vermiculite, 6% of perlite, 4% of microbial fertilizer and 14% of water, or 50% of turfy soil, 5% of plant ash, 7% of peat, 10% of vermiculite, 6% of perlite, 4% of microbial fertilizer and 18% of water;

further, the plant ash is residue after the combustion of the straws of the leguminous plants;

the plant ash is residue of leguminous plants such as straws of crops such as soybean, pea, broad bean, peanut and the like after being combusted, contains rich nutritional ingredients such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and the like, is an inorganic farmyard manure with wide source, low cost, complete nutrients and obvious fertilizer efficiency, and has the excellent characteristics of large porosity, good water retention, rich nutritional elements, sterility, non-toxicity and the like. In addition, the straws of leguminous crops have low C/N, can be quickly decomposed after being applied to soil, and have nitrogen supply capacity comparable to that of chemical nitrogen fertilizers.

A method for culturing seedling of vegetable seed of Liliaceae comprises selecting folium Allii tuberosi, herba Alii Fistulosi, and Bulbus Allii Cepae.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the device is beneficial to breaking the dormancy problem of the liliaceae vegetable seeds, has good water-retaining effect and strong air permeability, and can improve the germination rate of the seeds; semi-automatic thinning can be realized without damaging seedlings, and the thinned seedlings can reach 100% survival rate; can complete a plurality of seedling raising processes of seeding, seedling raising, thinning, hardening and the like, has simple operation, and is convenient for statistics, seedling lifting and transplanting; water is supplied to the bottom of the seedling pool, so that the normal growth of the root system is ensured, and the problem of seedling falling is avoided; the whole device can be repeatedly used, is simple to operate, and can reduce the seedling raising cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a seedling raising device and a seedling raising method for seeds of vegetables in Liliaceae of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a device for growing seedlings of vegetable seeds of Liliaceae and a processing device for the method of growing seedlings of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a seedling tray of the seedling raising device and the seedling raising method for the seeds of the vegetables in the Liliaceae family;

FIG. 4 is a partial structural diagram of a planting tray of a seedling raising device and a seedling raising method for Liliaceae vegetable seeds according to the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

1-treatment device, 11-bottom plate, 12-seed screening net, 13-stirrer, 131-roller, 132-stirring handle, 14-side baffle, 15-back baffle, 16-pushing handle, 17-front baffle, 18-pulley, 2 a-primary seedling carrying plate, 21-seedling separating frame, 22-inner buckling net, 23-outer buckling net, 24-handle, 25-connecting groove, 2 b-secondary seedling carrying plate, 3-planting plate, 31-planting hole, 311-ventilating port, 312-ventilating channel, 313-water absorbing net, 32-water storage device, 321-water inlet, 322-water inlet channel, 323-circulating port and 33-carrier box.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described below clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:

a seedling raising device and a seedling raising method for liliaceous vegetable seeds are provided, a processing device, a seedling carrying tray and a planting tray are arranged, the structures are simple to assemble, the operation is convenient and fast, and the working efficiency is improved; and the device can reuse many times, improves the survival rate of transplanting of liliaceae vegetable seedling.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a lily vegetables seed device of growing seedlings and method of growing seedlings, includes processing apparatus 1, educates the seedling tray, educate the seedling tray and include year seedling tray, planting dish 3, carry the seedling tray to be located planting dish 3 directly over, carry seedling tray and planting dish 3 can assemble and dismantle, be convenient for carry the washing and the disinfection of seedling tray and planting dish 3 to repeatedly usable.

The processing device 1 comprises a bottom plate 11, a side baffle plate 14, a rear baffle plate 15 and a front baffle plate 17 which are combined into an upper opening type box body. A seed screening net 12 is arranged right above the bottom plate 11, and 20(4 x 5) hole screens are arranged on the seed screening net 12; the hole net is 80 mesh steel wire net, and the seeds of three Liliaceae vegetable (herba Alii Fistulosi, Bulbus Allii Cepae, and folium Allii tuberosi) are shield-shaped and can be uniformly distributed on the upper part of the steel wire net. The outer side of the rear baffle 15 of the processing device is provided with a push handle 16, and the joint of the bottom plate 11 and the front baffle 17 is provided with two pulleys 18. The stirrer 13 is arranged in the processing device 1, the stirrer 13 comprises a roller 131 and a stirring handle 132, the stirring handle 132 penetrates through the side baffle 14 to be connected with the roller 131, and a roller slideway is arranged on the side baffle 14.

The hard seed treatment methods can be roughly classified into physical, chemical and biological 3, and these methods promote germination by improving permeability of seed coat, promoting gas exchange and moisture entry, and eliminating mechanical restriction. The physical methods comprise mechanical damage, low-temperature and high-temperature treatment, dry-wet staggered treatment, radiation, high-pressure treatment and the like; the chemical method comprises acid etching, alkali liquor soaking, organic solvent treatment and the like. The dormancy of hard seeds is beneficial to the regulation of the space-time distribution of seed germination of plants, and has particularly important significance on germplasm preservation. In the invention, vegetable seeds: fine sand: putting the water in a ratio of 2:5:8 into a treatment device, rotating a stirring handle 132 to drive a rolling shaft 131 to rotate, uniformly mixing vegetable seeds, fine sand and water, holding a push handle 16 with a hand, lifting the rear part of the treatment device, only contacting a pulley 18 with the ground, sliding forwards and backwards to enable the vegetable seeds and the fine sand inside to rub back and forth, breaking seed dormancy through physical mechanical damage and water soaking, standing, placing the treatment device, after the seeds are whitened, lifting a steel wire mesh out, and slightly filtering the fine sand and the water.

The seedling carrying tray comprises a seedling separating frame 21, a buckling net and a handle 24, wherein the handle is positioned on the short side of the seedling separating frame, the buckling net comprises an inner 22 buckling net and an outer buckling net 23, the inner buckling net 22 is sunken in the outer buckling net 23, and the seedling carrying tray is divided into a first-stage seedling carrying tray 2a and a second-stage seedling carrying tray 2b and connected through a connecting groove 25;

the planting plate 3 comprises planting holes 31, a water storage device 32 and a carrier box 33, wherein the number of the planting holes 31 is 20(4 x 5), the holes are in an inverted cone shape, the side wall of each planting hole 31 is provided with a ventilation channel 312, the upper opening end of each planting hole is provided with a ventilation port 311, and each ventilation channel 312 is also a seedling transplanting channel;

the lower part of the planting hole 31 is provided with a water absorption net 313, and the water absorption net 313 is a transfer net and can be taken out upwards from the bottom of the planting hole 31; the water storage device 32 comprises a water inlet 321 and a water inlet channel 322, wherein the water inlet channel 322 is connected with the water absorption net 313. The upper portion of water storage device is provided with circulation mouth 323, and circulation mouth 323 is linked together with water inlet 321, and this device adopts the bottom moisturizing mode, and the experimental operation of being convenient for avoids upper portion moisturizing to produce the influence to lily vegetables seedling.

Welsh onion seedling raising test

Test materials: scallion seeds (Jinyutailang) are commercially available.

Example 1

Weighing 4g of seeds (about 3g of thousands of seeds) and washing the seeds with 100mL of clear water, removing impurities and shriveled and wormhole-containing bad seeds, putting the seeds on filter paper, naturally airing, and reserving 1000 seeds for later use.

Matrix A: 55% of turfy soil, 7% of plant ash, 4% of peat, 10% of vermiculite, 6% of perlite, 4% of microbial fertilizer and 14% of water;

matrix B: 50% of turfy soil, 5% of plant ash, 7% of peat, 10% of vermiculite, 6% of perlite, 4% of microbial fertilizer and 18% of water; filling the substrate A into the planting tray 3, and preparing the substrate B for later use.

Taking out the treatment device, and mixing the scallion seeds: fine sand: 2:5 of water is put into the treatment device, the stirring handle 132 is pushed to drive the rolling shaft 131 to rotate, the vegetable seeds, the fine sand and the water are uniformly mixed, the pushing handle 16 is held by a hand, the rear part of the treatment device is lifted, only the pulley 18 is contacted with the ground and slides back and forth, so that the vegetable seeds and the fine sand inside rub back and forth, the seed dormancy is broken through physical mechanical damage and water soaking, generally, 6-12h is needed, at the moment, the seed coat can be softened by sufficient water, the cell respiration and metabolism are accelerated, the enzyme is activated, the germination process of the seeds is accelerated, and the germination rate is improved.

After the green Chinese onion seeds are exposed, the 80-mesh steel wire mesh is lifted, fine sand and water are gently filtered, the steel wire mesh bearing the seeds is reversely buckled on the planting plate 3, the seeds are uniformly dispersed on the surface of the substrate, the first-stage seedling carrying plate 2a and the second-stage seedling carrying plate 2B are connected through the connecting groove 25 and then placed on the upper portion of the planting plate 3, and the substrate B which is prepared before the first-stage seedling carrying plate 2a and the second-stage seedling carrying plate 2B are filled is filled.

And (3) seedling management, namely, a lower water replenishing mode is adopted, water is replenished through the water inlet 321, water flows in through the water inlet 321 and flows through the water absorbing net 313 through the water inlet channel 322, and water is provided for growth of the green Chinese onion seeds. The upper part of the water storage device is provided with a circulation port 323, the circulation port 323 is communicated with the water inlet 321, moisture can smoothly enter from the water inlet 321, test operation is facilitated, and influence of water supplement on the upper part on green Chinese onion seeds or seedlings is avoided.

When the green Chinese onion seedlings grow to about 5cm, the whole planting holes 31 are lifted out of the carrier box 33, the water absorbing net 313 is pushed from the bottom by hands or a small stick shakes the water absorbing net through the air permeable channel 312, the handle 24 is lifted, the inner buckling net 22 can take out the matrix and the seedlings in the whole hole tray, the first-stage seedling carrying tray 2a is replaced into another new planting tray 3, and multi-hole thinning and seedling transplanting are achieved. The green Chinese onion seedlings cultivated by the device are uniform and consistent, and the transplanting survival rate is high.

Comparative example 1

Seedling raising in a seedling raising tray:

Directly sowing the scallion seeds to a substrate A: 55% of turfy soil, 7% of plant ash, 4% of peat, 10% of vermiculite, 6% of perlite, 4% of microbial fertilizer, 14% of water, and a seedling culture tray: a conventional multi-hole seedling raising plate (made of 50-hole PET composite material) is provided.

Loading the matrix into a seedling tray, slightly pressing, scraping, artificially sowing 2 seeds in each hole, covering with the matrix after sowing, and cleaning the edge of the seedling tray; then the seedling-raising tray is placed on the flat ground in order. And (3) water management after sowing: the water is not dried and is not watered, when the surface of the matrix is loose and white, a watering can is used for watering, and the water needs to be thoroughly watered every time the watering is carried out.

Comparative example 2

Water floating seedling culture plate:

The method comprises directly sowing seeds of herba Alii Fistulosi into conventional matrix, and culturing in commercial culture medium (Huaian mountain forest agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd.), wherein the water-floating culture adopts 136-hole white foam floating plate made of polystyrene foam plastics, and the size is 65cm x 35 cm.

Loading the matrix into a seedling tray, slightly pressing, scraping, artificially sowing 2 seeds in each hole, covering with the matrix after sowing, and cleaning the edge of the seedling tray; and then, the water floating seedling raising plate is flatly placed in a water tank in order, the water tank is a brick rectangular tank, the height of the water tank is 10cm, the bottom of the water tank is leveled by cement, and then 1 layer of waterproof cloth is laid. And (3) water management after sowing: keeping the water surface height in the water tank to be 8-10 cm, and floating the water floating seedling raising plate in the water tank.

Before sowing, 1000 seeds are ensured to be normal seeds with exposed white, and the emergence rate, the survival rate of the seedlings of 5cm, the survival rate before transplanting and the transplanting survival rate are measured.

And 5d after sowing, investigating the number of seedlings, wherein the formula is as follows:

the emergence rate is 100% of the number of the plants which emerge per 1000 seeds

Survival rate is equal to the number of robust seedlings/the number of seedlings out of 100%

TABLE 1 survival rate of seedlings at various stages

Test treatment	The rate of emergence%	Survival rate of 5cm seedlings%	Survival rate before transplantation%	Survival rate after transplantation%
					Test example 1	99.37％	97.72％	95.45％	94.28％
Comparative example 1	84.62％	90.45％	85.58％	79.22％
					Comparative example 2	71.46％	68.33％	50.27％	38.74％

Note: the above tabulated data is the average of 4 replicates.

By combining the test data, the seedling emergence rate of the green Chinese onion seedlings cultivated by the method is highest, and the seedling emergence speed is low due to the fact that water is not easily watered thoroughly and the water absorption of root systems is insufficient in the comparative example 1 due to the fact that the upper part of the seedling cultivation tray is used for replenishing water, but the water state is not easily supersaturated, serious dead seedling damage does not occur, and water replenishing is time-consuming and labor-consuming.

In the case of the water floating seedling-raising tray of the comparative example 2, since the root system is in a water saturation state for a long time, dead seedlings of different degrees appear in the later stage, and the final seedling rate is seriously affected.

The above examples are illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of the technical features of the claims, i.e., equivalent modifications within the scope, which are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for growing seedlings of lily vegetable seeds is characterized in that a device adopted by the method for growing seedlings of lily vegetable seeds comprises a processing device and a seedling growing disc, wherein the processing device comprises a bottom plate, a side baffle, a rear baffle and a front baffle, and is combined into an upper-part-opening type box body, a pushing handle is arranged on the outer side of the rear baffle, a stirrer is further arranged in the processing device and comprises a rolling shaft and a stirring handle, the stirring handle penetrates through the side baffle to be connected with the rolling shaft, a rolling shaft slideway is arranged on the side baffle, and two pulleys are arranged at the joint of the bottom plate and the front baffle; a seed screening net is arranged right above the bottom plate; the seedling tray comprises a seedling carrying tray and a planting tray, the seedling carrying tray is positioned right above the planting tray, and the seedling carrying tray and the planting tray can be assembled and disassembled; the seedling carrying tray comprises a seedling separating frame, a buckling net and a handle, the handle is positioned on the short edge of the seedling separating frame, the buckling net comprises an inner buckling net and an outer buckling net, the inner buckling net is sunken in the outer buckling net, and the seedling carrying tray is divided into a primary seedling carrying tray and a secondary seedling carrying tray and is connected through a connecting groove; the planting disc comprises a planting hole, a water storage device and a carrier box, wherein a ventilation channel is arranged on the side wall of the planting hole, a vent hole is arranged on the upper part of the planting hole, a water absorption net is arranged on the lower part of the planting hole, the water storage device comprises a water inlet, a water inlet channel and a circulation port, the circulation port is communicated with the water inlet, and the water inlet channel is connected with the water absorption net;

the method for raising seedlings of the seeds of the liliaceous vegetables by using the device specifically comprises the following steps:

a) mixing seeds: placing the seeds and the friction medium on a treatment device, pushing a stirring handle to drive a rolling shaft to rotate, and uniformly mixing the seeds and the friction medium; controlling the push handle, lifting the rear baffle off the ground, contacting the pulley with the ground, and shaking the treatment device back and forth to continuously rub the seeds with the friction medium;

b) seedling culture: filling the substrate into the planting holes, taking out the seed screening net, filtering the friction medium, dispersing the exposed seeds on the hole screening net on the seed screening net into the planting holes, connecting the primary seedling carrying disc and the secondary seedling carrying disc through the connecting groove, placing the seedling carrying discs above the planting discs, filling the inner buckling net with the substrate, and covering the seeds;

c) seedling culture: the water storage device adopts a lower water replenishing mode, water flows through the water inlet channel through the water inlet, and the water absorption net absorbs and replenishes water;

d) thinning: the seedling height is 5cm, the whole planting hole is lifted out of the carrier box, the water absorption net is pushed from the bottom or shaken by a small rod through a ventilation channel, the handle is lifted, the inner buckling net can take out the matrix and the seedling in the whole planting hole, and then the primary seedling carrying disc and the secondary seedling carrying disc are respectively placed in two new planting discs to realize multi-hole thinning and transplanting;

e) transplanting/hardening seedlings: carry the seedling tray on, can take out the seedling from planting the dish, divide the seedling frame to guarantee that the seedling takes out also to be in upright state from planting the dish, the transplantation or the hardening-seedling of the seedling of being convenient for.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the friction medium includes sand, gravel, ceramsite, glass beads, vermiculite and perlite.

3. A method of growing seedlings of lily family vegetable seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the friction medium is fine sand with an average particle size of 0.01mm, and wherein the particles with a particle size of more than 0.075mm are more than 85% of the total weight.

4. A seedling raising method for lily family vegetable seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises turfy soil, plant ash, peat, vermiculite, perlite, microbial fertilizer and water.

5. The method for growing seedlings of lily family vegetable seeds as claimed in claim 4, wherein the substrate comprises 20-60% by weight of turfy soil, 1-10% by weight of plant ash, 2-10% by weight of peat, 5-15% by weight of vermiculite, 5-15% by weight of perlite, 3-5% by weight of microbial fertilizer and 5-20% by weight of water; the sum of all the components is 100 percent.

6. A seedling raising method for seeds of vegetables belonging to Liliaceae as claimed in claim 5, wherein the matrix component is: 55% of turfy soil, 7% of plant ash, 4% of peat, 10% of vermiculite, 6% of perlite, 4% of microbial fertilizer and 14% of water.

7. A seedling raising method for seeds of vegetables belonging to Liliaceae as claimed in claim 5, wherein the matrix component is: 50% of turfy soil, 5% of plant ash, 7% of peat, 10% of vermiculite, 6% of perlite, 4% of microbial fertilizer and 18% of water.

8. A seedling raising method for lily family vegetable seeds as claimed in claim 4, wherein said plant ash is residue after burning of legume straw.

9. A method for growing seedlings of lily family vegetable seeds according to claim 1, wherein the lily family vegetable is leek, scallion, onion.