CN112673761B - Accurate hill-drop planter of maize based on electromechanical coupling control - Google Patents
Accurate hill-drop planter of maize based on electromechanical coupling control Download PDFInfo
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- CN112673761B CN112673761B CN202011533081.3A CN202011533081A CN112673761B CN 112673761 B CN112673761 B CN 112673761B CN 202011533081 A CN202011533081 A CN 202011533081A CN 112673761 B CN112673761 B CN 112673761B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corn precise hill planter based on electromechanical coupling control, which comprises a tractor head and a hill planting mechanism, wherein a precise hill planting linkage control system is installed in the tractor head, the hill planting mechanism comprises a rack, a hole shoveling device, an earthing device and a seeding device, the seeding device comprises a corn hopper, a rotary feeding device, a distributing feeding device, a lifting feeding device and a seeding pipe, the corn hopper, the rotary feeding device and the distributing feeding device are sequentially installed in the rack from top to bottom, the lifting feeding device is arranged at the right end of the distributing feeding device, the upper end of the seeding pipe is installed at the tail end of the lifting feeding device, and the lower end of the seeding pipe is installed between the hole shoveling device and the earthing device. The corn precise hill planter based on the electromechanical coupling control has the advantages of compact structure, easy control of the seeding quantity, convenient and convenient adjustment of the seeding hill distance, convenient use, good stability and high automation degree, and realizes precise feeding of seeds during corn seeding through electromechanical coupling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural seeding devices, in particular to a corn precision hill planter based on electromechanical coupling control.
Background
A hill planter is a planting machine for planting seeds in holes according to a certain row spacing and a certain hill spacing, and is widely applied to the planting operation process of intertillage crops such as corn, cotton, beet, sunflower, beans and the like.
At present, corn hill-drop planters in the market generally have the defects of difficulty in controlling seeding quantity, difficulty in adjusting seeding hill distance and the like. The seeding quantity is difficult to control, the error of the seeding quantity is easy to cause, the survival and the production of seeds are threatened, the phenomenon of seed shortage and seedling shortage is more likely to occur, the seeding quantity is too large, and the waste of the seeds is also caused. The seeding hole distance is difficult to adjust, so that the planting density cannot be reasonably controlled, and the yield and the quality of corn planting are affected. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a corn precision hill planter based on electromechanical coupling control to solve the problems that the seeding quantity is difficult to control and the seeding hill spacing is difficult to adjust.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: provides a corn accurate hill planter based on electromechanical coupling control, which solves the defects.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an accurate hill-drop planter of maize based on electromechanical coupling control, includes the tractor head and installs the hill-drop mechanism at the tractor head rear end, install accurate hill-drop coordinated control system in the tractor head, the hill-drop mechanism is controlled by accurate hill-drop coordinated control system, the hill-drop mechanism includes the frame and installs shovel cave device, earthing device, the seeder in the frame, seeder includes maize hopper, rotatory feeder, distribution feeder, promotes feeder, seeding pipe, maize hopper, rotatory feeder, distribution feeder top-down install in the frame in proper order, promote feeder setting at distribution feeder right-hand member, seeding pipe upper end is installed at promotion feeder terminal, seeding pipe lower extreme is installed between shovel cave device and earthing device, maize hopper lower extreme is provided with the loudspeaker form hopper that a plurality of set up, the soil covering device is provided with one or more groups, and each group of soil covering device consists of two soil covering shovel assemblies which are bilaterally symmetrical.
Preferably, the earthing shovel subassembly includes earthing shovel pole, earthing shovel, earthing hydraulic telescoping rod, the earthing shovel is installed at earthing shovel pole lower extreme, earthing shovel pole upper end articulates under the frame, earthing hydraulic telescoping rod one end articulates in the frame, and the other end articulates on earthing shovel pole, the earthing shovel is arc curved surface form metal material board, earthing hydraulic telescoping rod is flexible by hydraulic motor control, hydraulic motor connects on accurate hill-drop coordinated control system.
Preferably, the cave shoveling device comprises a cave digging telescopic rod and a cave digging shovel, the upper end of the cave digging telescopic rod is fixed below the rack, the cave digging shovel is installed at the lower end of the cave digging telescopic rod, the cave digging telescopic rod is a pneumatic telescopic rod and is controlled to stretch by a pneumatic device, and the pneumatic device is connected to the precise cave sowing linkage control system.
Preferably, the rotary feeding device comprises a cylindrical shell and a rotary roller, the cylindrical shell is arranged at the lower side of the cylindrical shell, and a feed opening communicated with the cylindrical shell is formed in the bottom of the horn-shaped feeding hopper; the rotary roller is installed on the shaft center inside the cylindrical shell and is controlled to rotate through the rotary motor, a plurality of rotary feeding hoppers uniformly distributed are arranged on the outer wall of the rotary roller and are sequentially connected in series to form a circle, the circle is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotary roller, the rotary feeding hoppers on the top ends right above the feed opening are communicated, a cylindrical shell discharge hopper is arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical shell, and the rotary motor is connected to an accurate hill-drop linkage control system.
Preferably, the distributing and feeding device comprises a feeding rotary roller, a feeding crawler and a distributing trough, the feeding crawler is mounted on the feeding rotary roller, the feeding rotary roller is controlled to rotate through a motor, the feeding crawler is mounted at the bottom of the distributing trough, one end of the distributing trough is arranged below the discharge hopper of the barrel shell, and the front end of the lifting and feeding device is arranged below the other end of the distributing trough.
Preferably, a horn-shaped transfer hopper with a large upper part and a small lower part is arranged above one end of the distributing trough, the tail end of the drum shell discharging hopper is arranged above the transfer hopper, the distributing trough is a V-shaped trough, a shielding homogenizer is arranged above the feeding track in the distributing trough, the shielding material homogenizer consists of an arc-shaped trapezoidal shielding plate and a shielding telescopic rod, a first hinged rod and a second hinged rod are arranged on the inner wall of the distributing trough, the two ends of the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod are both arranged on the inner wall of the distributing trough through bearings, the upper end of the arc-shaped trapezoidal shielding plate is fixed on the first hinge rod, the upper end of the shielding telescopic rod is fixed on the shielding telescopic rod, the lower end of the shielding telescopic rod is fixed on an arc-shaped trapezoidal shielding plate, the shielding telescopic rod is controlled to stretch through a motor, and a control motor of the shielding telescopic rod is connected to an accurate hill-drop linkage control system.
Preferably, a quantitative feeding device is arranged between the tail end of the distributing trough and the lifting feeding device and comprises an upper charging barrel and a lower charging barrel, an electromagnetic opening and closing door is arranged between the upper charging barrel and the lower charging barrel, the upper charging barrel is fixed on the rack through a connecting rod, a pressure sensor is arranged between the connecting rod and the rack, and the pressure sensor and the electromagnetic opening and closing door are both connected to the accurate hill-drop linkage control system.
Preferably, the lifting feeding device comprises a circulating crawler belt and a bucket, the bucket is provided with a plurality of circulating crawler belts which are arranged on the inclined circulating crawler belt at equal intervals, the circulating crawler belt is controlled to rotate by a circulating crawler belt motor, and the front end of the circulating crawler belt is arranged below the discharging barrel; the upper end of the seeding pipe is arranged below the tail end of the circulating crawler belt, and the circulating crawler belt motor is connected to the precise hill-drop linkage control system.
Preferably, the upper end of the seeding pipe is provided with a horn-shaped collecting hopper with a large upper end and a small lower end, and the lower end of the seeding pipe is arranged on the frame between the hole shoveling device and the soil covering device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the corn precise hill planter based on the electromechanical coupling control sequentially completes the operations of digging, sowing and covering soil of corn under the electromechanical coupling control of a precise hill planting linkage control system through a hole shoveling device, a sowing device and a covering soil device on a rack; the adjustment of the seeding hole distance can be realized by controlling the advancing speed of the tractor head and adjusting the hole shoveling device; through maize hopper, rotatory feeder, distribution feeder, promotion feeder, the seeding pipe that sets gradually in the frame to realize the accurate dosing seeding of maize seed, seeding quantity control is easy. The corn precise hill planter based on the electromechanical coupling control has a compact structure, realizes precise feeding of seeds during corn planting through the arranged hole shoveling device, the precise quantitative seeding device and the electromechanical coupling, is easy to control the seeding quantity, convenient and convenient to adjust the seeding hill distance, convenient to use, good in stability and high in automation degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention has a schematic structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram: the structure of A in FIG. 1 is schematically shown.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-2:
as shown in fig. 1-2, an accurate corn hill planter based on electromechanical coupling control comprises a tractor head and a hill planting mechanism installed at the rear end of the tractor head, wherein an accurate hill planting linkage control system is installed in the tractor head, and the hill planting mechanism is controlled by the accurate hill planting linkage control system.
The hill-drop planter constructs including frame 1, and install shovel cave device 2 in frame 1, seeder, earthing device 3, wherein, seeder is including maize hopper 4 in proper order, rotatory feeder 5, distribution feeder 6, promote feeder 7, seeding pipe 8, hopper 4, rotatory feeder 5, 6 top-down of distribution feeder install in frame 1 in proper order, it sets up at 6 right-hand members of distribution feeder to promote feeder 7, 8 upper ends of seeding pipe are installed at promotion feeder 7 terminally, 8 lower extremes of seeding pipe are installed between shovel cave device 2 and earthing device 3. The corn is sowed accurately and quantitatively through the corn hopper 4, the rotary feeding device 5, the distributing feeding device 6, the lifting feeding device 7 and the sowing pipe 8 in sequence.
The cave digging device 2 comprises a cave digging telescopic rod 21 and a cave digging shovel 22, the upper end of the cave digging telescopic rod 21 is fixed below the frame 1, the cave digging shovel 22 is installed at the lower end of the cave digging telescopic rod 21, the cave digging telescopic rod 21 is a pneumatic telescopic rod and is controlled to stretch by a pneumatic device, and the pneumatic device is connected to an accurate cave sowing linkage control system.
Wherein, the lower extreme of maize hopper 4 is provided with hopper 41 under the tubaeform that a plurality of equidistance set up, and a plurality of is hopper 41 below all is provided with rotatory feeder 5, distribution feeder 6, promotes feeder 7, seeding pipe 8 and shovel cave device 2 down.
The rotary feeding device 5 comprises a cylindrical shell 51 and a rotary roller 52, the cylindrical shell 51 is arranged at the lower side of the cylindrical shell 51, and the bottom of the trumpet-shaped discharging hopper 41 is provided with a discharging opening 42 communicated with the cylindrical shell 51; rotatory roller bearing 52 is installed on the inside axle center of cylindric shell 51 and rotatory through the rotating electrical machines control, is provided with the rotatory hopper 53 of a plurality of equipartition on the rotatory roller bearing 52 outer wall, and a plurality of rotatory hopper 53 establishes ties into the round in proper order and overlaps and establish on rotatory roller bearing 52 outer wall, and the rotatory hopper 53 on the top directly over feed opening 42 intercommunication is provided with shell play hopper 54 on the cylindric shell 51 outer wall, the rotating electrical machines is connected on accurate hill-drop coordinated control system.
Wherein, distributing and feeding device 6 includes that the feed changes roller 61, feed track 62, distributing trough 63, and feed track 62 installs on feed changes roller 61, and feed changes roller 61 and passes through motor control rotation, and feed track 62 installs in distributing trough 63 bottom, and distributing trough 63 one end sets up in the bobbin case goes out hopper 54 below, and the setting of promotion feeder 7 front end is in distributing trough 63 other end below. A horn-shaped transfer hopper 64 with a big top and a small bottom is arranged above one end of the distributing trough 63, the tail end of the shell discharging hopper 54 is arranged above the transfer hopper 64, the distributing trough 63 is a V-shaped trough, a shielding material homogenizer 65 is arranged above the feeding crawler belt 62 in the distributing trough 63, the shielding material homogenizer 65 is composed of an arc-shaped trapezoid shielding plate 651 and a shielding telescopic rod 652, the inner wall of the distributing trough 63 is provided with a first hinged rod and a second hinged rod, both ends of the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod are arranged on the inner wall of the distributing trough 63 through bearings, the upper end of the arc-shaped trapezoid shielding plate 651 is fixed on the first hinged rod, the upper end of the shielding telescopic rod 652 is fixed on the shielding telescopic rod 652, the lower end of the shielding telescopic rod is fixed on an arc-shaped trapezoidal shielding plate 651, the shielding telescopic rod 652 is controlled by a motor to extend and retract, the control motor of the shielding telescopic rod 652 is connected to the precise hill-drop linkage control system.
Wherein, be provided with dosing device 9 between distributing trough 63 end and the promotion feeder 7, dosing device 9 includes feed cylinder 91, feed cylinder 92, is provided with electromagnetism switching door 93 between feed cylinder 91 and the feed cylinder 92, and feed cylinder 91 passes through connecting rod 94 to be fixed in frame 1, is provided with pressure sensor between connecting rod 94 and frame 1, and pressure sensor, electromagnetism switching door 93 all connect on accurate hill-drop coordinated control system.
The lifting feeding device 7 comprises a circulating crawler 71 and a bucket 72, the bucket 72 is provided with a plurality of circulating crawlers 71 which are arranged obliquely at equal intervals, the circulating crawler 71 is controlled to rotate by a circulating crawler motor, and the front end of the circulating crawler 71 is arranged below the discharging barrel 92; the upper end of the seeding pipe 8 is arranged below the tail end of the circulating crawler belt 71, and the circulating crawler belt motor is connected to the precise hill-drop linkage control system.
Wherein, the upper end of the seeding pipe 8 is provided with a horn-shaped collecting hopper 81 with a big top and a small bottom, and the lower end of the seeding pipe 8 is arranged on the frame 1 between the hole shoveling device 2 and the soil covering device 3.
Wherein, earthing device 3 is provided with one set or multiunit, and every earthing device 3 of group comprises two earth-covering shovel subassemblies of bilateral symmetry. Covering shovel subassembly includes earthing shovel pole 31, covering shovel 32, earthing hydraulic telescoping rod 33, and covering shovel 32 installs at 31 lower extremes of earthing shovel pole, and 31 upper ends of earthing shovel pole articulate under frame 1, and 33 one ends of earthing hydraulic telescoping rod articulate on frame 1, and the other end articulates on earthing shovel pole 31, and covering shovel 32 is curved surface form metal material board, earthing hydraulic telescoping rod 33 is flexible by hydraulic motor control, hydraulic motor connects on accurate hill-drop coordinated control system.
The invention relates to a corn precise hill planter based on electromechanical coupling control, which sequentially completes the operations of digging, sowing and covering soil of corn under the electromechanical coupling control of a precise hill planting linkage control system through a hole shoveling device 2, a sowing device and a covering soil device 3 on a frame 1; the adjustment of the seeding hole distance can be realized by controlling the advancing speed of the tractor head and adjusting the hole shoveling device 2; the corn seeds in the corn hopper 4 are primarily distributed by rotating the feeding device 5; the corn seeds which are distributed preliminarily are dispersed again through the distributing and feeding device 6, so that the corn seeds are prevented from being aggregated, and the quantitative feeding of the subsequent seeds is facilitated; through dosing device 9, weigh the maize seed through distribution feeder 6, reach the maize seed partial shipment of predetermined weight and in promoting feeder 7's bucket 72, a bucket seed is the seeding volume in a cave, and seeding quantity control is easy, and the accuracy is high.
The corn precise hill planter based on the electromechanical coupling control has a compact structure, realizes precise feeding of seeds during corn planting through the arranged hole shoveling device, the precise quantitative seeding device and the electromechanical coupling, is easy to control the seeding quantity, convenient and convenient to adjust the seeding hill distance, convenient to use, good in stability and high in automation degree.
The invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the specific implementation in the above-described manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt such insubstantial modifications of the inventive concept and solution, or to apply the inventive concept and solution directly to other applications without such modifications.
Claims (5)
1. The accurate hill planter of maize based on electromechanical coupling control, its characterized in that, including draw the aircraft nose and install the hill planting mechanism in drawing the aircraft nose rear end, install accurate hill planting coordinated control system in drawing the aircraft nose, the hill planting mechanism is controlled by accurate hill planting coordinated control system, the hill planting mechanism includes frame (1) and shovel cave device (2), earthing device (3), the seeder installed on frame (1), the seeder includes maize hopper (4), rotatory feeder (5), distribution feeder (6), promotes feeder (7), seeding pipe (8), maize hopper (4), rotatory feeder (5), distribution feeder (6) top-down install in frame (1) in proper order, promote feeder (7) and set up at distribution feeder (6) right-hand member, the upper end of the seeding pipe (8) is mounted at the tail end of the lifting feeding device (7), the lower end of the seeding pipe (8) is mounted between the hole shoveling device (2) and the earthing device (3), the lower end of the corn hopper (4) is provided with a plurality of horn-shaped blanking hoppers (41) which are arranged at equal intervals, a rotary feeding device (5), a distributing feeding device (6), the lifting feeding device (7), the seeding pipe (8) and the hole shoveling device (2) are arranged below the plurality of blanking hoppers (41), one group or a plurality of groups of earthing devices (3) are arranged, and each group of earthing device (3) consists of two earth covering shovel components which are bilaterally symmetrical;
the rotary feeding device (5) comprises a cylindrical shell (51) and a rotary roller (52), the cylindrical shell (51) is arranged on the lower side of the cylindrical shell (51), and a feed opening (42) communicated with the cylindrical shell (51) is formed in the bottom of the horn-shaped feeding hopper (41); the rotary rolling shaft (52) is arranged on the shaft center inside the cylindrical shell (51) and is controlled to rotate through a rotary motor, a plurality of uniformly distributed rotary feeding hoppers (53) are arranged on the outer wall of the rotary rolling shaft (52), the rotary feeding hoppers (53) are sequentially connected in series into a circle and sleeved on the outer wall of the rotary rolling shaft (52), the discharging port (42) is communicated with the rotary feeding hopper (53) at the top end right above, a shell discharging hopper (54) is arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical shell (51), and the rotary motor is connected to a precise hill-seeding linkage control system;
the distributing and feeding device (6) comprises a feeding rotary roller (61), a feeding crawler belt (62) and a distributing trough (63), the feeding crawler belt (62) is installed on the feeding rotary roller (61), the feeding rotary roller (61) is controlled to rotate through a motor, the feeding crawler belt (62) is installed at the bottom of the distributing trough (63), one end of the distributing trough (63) is arranged below the drum shell discharging hopper (54), and the front end of the lifting and feeding device (7) is arranged below the other end of the distributing trough (63);
a horn-shaped transfer hopper (64) with a large upper part and a small lower part is arranged above one end of the distributing trough (63), the tail end of the barrel shell discharging hopper (54) is arranged above the transfer hopper (64), the distributing trough (63) is a V-shaped trough, a shielding material homogenizer (65) is arranged above the feeding crawler (62) in the distributing trough (63), the shielding material homogenizer (65) consists of an arc-shaped trapezoidal baffle plate (651) and a shielding telescopic rod (652), a first hinged rod and a second hinged rod are arranged on the inner wall of the distributing trough (63), the two ends of the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod are both mounted on the inner wall of the distributing trough (63) through bearings, the upper end of the arc-shaped trapezoidal baffle plate (651) is fixed on the first hinged rod, the upper end of the shielding telescopic rod (652) is fixed on the shielding telescopic rod (652), and the lower end of the shielding telescopic rod (652) is fixed on the arc-shaped trapezoidal baffle plate (651), the shielding telescopic rod (652) is controlled to stretch by a motor, and a control motor of the shielding telescopic rod (652) is connected to the precise hill-drop linkage control system;
be provided with dosing device (9) between distribution silo (63) end and promotion feeder (7), dosing device (9) are including last feed cylinder (91), feed cylinder (92), it opens and shuts door (93) to go up to be provided with the electromagnetism between feed cylinder (91) and feed cylinder (92), it fixes on frame (1) through connecting rod (94) to go up feed cylinder (91), be provided with pressure sensor between connecting rod (94) and frame (1), pressure sensor, electromagnetism open and shut door (93) all connect on accurate hill-drop coordinated control system.
2. The corn precision hill planter based on electromechanical coupling control is characterized in that the covering shovel component comprises a covering shovel rod (31), a covering shovel (32) and a covering hydraulic telescopic rod (33), the covering shovel (32) is installed at the lower end of the covering shovel rod (31), the upper end of the covering shovel rod (31) is hinged to the lower end of the frame (1), one end of the covering hydraulic telescopic rod (33) is hinged to the frame (1), the other end of the covering hydraulic telescopic rod is hinged to the covering shovel rod (31), the covering shovel (32) is an arc-shaped curved metal material plate, the covering hydraulic telescopic rod (33) is controlled to stretch by a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic motor is connected to a precision hill planting linkage control system.
3. The corn precision hill planter based on electromechanical coupling control is characterized in that the shovel device (2) comprises a digging telescopic rod (21) and a digging shovel (22), the upper end of the digging telescopic rod (21) is fixed below the frame (1), the digging shovel (22) is installed at the lower end of the digging telescopic rod (21), the digging telescopic rod (21) is a pneumatic telescopic rod and is controlled to stretch by a pneumatic device, and the pneumatic device is connected to a precision hill planting linkage control system.
4. The corn precision hill planter based on electromechanical coupling control is characterized in that the lifting and feeding device (7) comprises an endless track (71) and a bucket (72), the bucket (72) is provided with a plurality of inclined endless tracks (71) at equal intervals, the endless tracks (71) are controlled to rotate by an endless track motor, and the front end of each endless track (71) is arranged below a lower charging barrel (92); the upper end of the seeding pipe (8) is arranged below the tail end of the circulating crawler belt (71), and the circulating crawler belt motor is connected to the accurate hill-drop linkage control system.
5. The corn precision hill planter based on electromechanical coupling control is characterized in that the upper end of the seeding tube (8) is provided with a horn-shaped collecting hopper (81) with a large upper end and a small lower end, and the lower end of the seeding tube (8) is arranged on the frame (1) between the hole shoveling device (2) and the soil covering device (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011533081.3A CN112673761B (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Accurate hill-drop planter of maize based on electromechanical coupling control |
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| CN202011533081.3A CN112673761B (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Accurate hill-drop planter of maize based on electromechanical coupling control |
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| CN112673761B true CN112673761B (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114303531B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-07-08 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Corn plot seeding device |
| CN115088425B (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2023-04-14 | 浙江机电职业技术学院 | Precision hole sowing device |
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2020
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0568324A1 (en) * | 1992-04-28 | 1993-11-03 | Andrew Eugene Makkink | Seed planting device |
| CN102027822A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2011-04-27 | 高迟 | Garlic planter |
| CN102835210A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2012-12-26 | 彭彪 | Compressed-air corn precision planter |
| CN107124942A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-05 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of rice precise direct-seeding cavitation device |
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