CN207354848U - A kind of intelligence essence amount corn seeding monomer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an intelligence-based precision corn sowing monomer, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. The intelligent precision corn sowing unit includes a mechanical part and a monitoring control part. The human-computer interaction module sends the preset planting distance and sowing depth to the microprocessor controller through the CAN bus module. , through the brushless DC motor and the electric push rod drive module, respectively control the speed of the brushless DC motor and the elongation of the electric push rod to realize the precise control of the plant distance and the real-time control of the sowing depth; The bus module sends the real-time working conditions of the sowing unit to the human-machine interaction module. The utility model directly and effectively realizes the precise control of the plant distance and the real-time control of the sowing depth, improves the sowing quality and work efficiency, and reduces the sowing cost and labor intensity.

Description

An intelligent precision corn sowing unit

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an intelligent corn sowing unit, which is mainly used in agricultural sowing engineering.

Background technique

As one of the key links in the agricultural production process, sowing is directly related to the stable and increased yield of crops. Intelligent precision seeding technology can not only save high-quality seeds, reduce the workload of field thinning, and reduce the labor intensity of farmers, but also ensure accurate sowing amount, consistent sowing depth, and uniform plant spacing, so that the allocation of acres of plants in the field is reasonable, and the land and resources are effectively used. Sunshine resources, so as to ensure that the seedlings are complete, complete and strong, so as to achieve stable and high yields of crops and increase farmers' income. However, in the actual operation process of precision seeding single unit, there are problems such as sowing depth, unstable plant spacing and real-time monitoring of the operation process. Therefore, the research on the intelligent precision seeding unit can not only improve the operation quality of the planter and ensure the stable and high yield of crops, but also has extremely important significance for improving the intelligence of my country's agricultural equipment and realizing the development of intelligent agriculture.

At present, there are many types of precision sowing units, but they are all mechanical sowing units, and there are few studies on precision sowing units based on intelligence. In order to achieve precise sowing, the mechanical seeding unit mainly improves the seed metering device. Now, the spoon-wheel seed metering device, fingernail seed metering device and air suction seed metering device are widely used. The use of precision seed metering device can greatly improve the precision seeding, but the power of the ground wheel is still used as the power source of the seed metering device. Due to the limitation of the mechanical structure, several specific types can only be realized by changing the transmission ratio. The plant-to-plant distance can not realize the infinite adjustment of the plant-to-plant distance, and at the same time, the problem of precise control of the plant-to-plant distance cannot be fundamentally solved due to the inevitable slipping phenomenon of the ground wheel. In order to achieve consistent sowing depth, the mechanical sowing unit basically adopts a four-link profiling structure, but there are uncontrollable factors in the four-link profiling structure, which cannot fundamentally solve the real-time control of sowing depth.

Utility model content

In order to realize the real-time precise monitoring and control of corn sowing distance and sowing depth, the utility model proposes a precision corn sowing monomer based on intelligence, and adopts the following technical scheme:

An intelligent precision corn sowing unit includes: a mechanical part and a monitoring control part;

Described mechanical part comprises: frame 14, seed box 16, ground wheel mounting frame 11, ground wheel 10, ditch opener 4, four-bar linkage 1, seed meter 6 and grass-breaking roller 5;

The monitoring control part includes: speed sensor 23, pressure sensor 12, A/D conversion module, microprocessor controller, human-computer interaction module, motor drive module, motor 7, electric push rod one 2, electric push rod two 13, Electric actuator drive module, navigation module, power supply module, vehicle battery, CAN bus module;

Described frame 14 is arranged horizontally, and the front end of frame 14 is provided with four-bar linkage mechanism 1, and front lower part is provided with weeding roller 5 and ditch opener 4 successively, and upper end is provided with seed box 16; 6. The ground wheel 10 is provided behind the frame 14, and the ground wheel 10 is connected to the frame 14 through the lower ends of the ground wheel mounting frames 11 on both sides; an electric pusher is provided between the ground wheel mounting frame 11 and the frame 14 pole two 13;

The speed sensor 23 is arranged on one side of the ground wheel; the pressure sensor 12 is arranged on the lower part of the electric push rod two 13; the motor 7 is arranged on one side of the seed meter 6 .

On the basis of the above technical solution, the four-bar linkage mechanism 1 is provided with an electric push rod 1 inside, and the upper end of the four-bar linkage mechanism 1 is provided with a connecting rod 18 .

On the basis of the above-mentioned technical solution, there are two connecting sleeves 21, which are respectively located on the inner sides of the upper ends of the two ground wheel mounting frames 11.

On the basis of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the upper end of the electric push rod one 2 is hinged with the connecting rod 18, and the lower end is hinged with the cross bar at the bottom of the rear end of the four-bar linkage mechanism 1 through the bolt four 19; The set screw 3 is fixed on the ditch opener 4; the upper end of the ditch opener 4 is fixed on the frame 14 by the bolt three 17; the earth covering device 9 is fixed on the rear lower part of the ditch opener 4 by the bolt one 8; The upper part of the rod two 13 and the frame 14 are hinged by bolt two 15; the middle part of the ground wheel installation frame 11 on both sides of the ground wheel 10 is connected by a connecting frame 22; On the wheel mounting frame 11.

On the basis of the above technical solution, the vehicle battery supplies power to all electrical components through the power supply module; the pressure sensor 12 is used to obtain the pressure value generated by the ground on the monomer, and convert the obtained pressure value through A/D The module is sent to the described microprocessor controller; the speed sensor 23 is used to obtain the speed of the ground wheel 10, and the speed obtained is sent to the described microprocessor controller through the A/D conversion module; the microprocessor controller Perform Kalman filter algorithm fusion processing on the obtained speed of the ground wheel 10, the driving speed of the tractor, and the navigation speed obtained by the navigation module to obtain the working speed of the implement. According to the working speed of the implement and the preset obtained through the human-computer interaction module The distance between plants is controlled by the motor drive module to control the speed of the motor 7, thereby controlling the speed of the seed meter 6; the microprocessor controller performs de-extreme average filtering algorithm on the obtained pressure value to obtain the real-time sowing depth, combined with the human-computer interaction module The preset sowing depth is obtained, and the elongation of the two electric push rods is controlled by the electric push rod drive module to realize real-time control of the sowing depth; the human-computer interaction module is used to obtain the preset plant spacing and sowing depth, and The obtained plant distance and sowing depth are sent to the microprocessor controller through the CAN bus module, and the real-time working status of the sowing monomer is displayed in real time.

On the basis of the above technical solution, the motor 7 is a DC brushless motor.

On the basis of the above technical solution, the navigation module is GPS or Beidou.

On the basis of the above technical solution, the human-computer interaction module is a touch screen.

On the basis of the above technical solution, the human-computer interaction module includes an ARM processor.

On the basis of the above technical solutions, the microprocessor controller includes embedded controllers such as single-chip microcomputers, DSPs, and FPGAs.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

The microprocessor controller performs Kalman filter algorithm fusion processing on the obtained three speeds to obtain the working speed of the machine tool. According to the working speed of the machine tool and the preset distance between plants obtained through the human-computer interaction module, it is controlled by the brushless DC motor drive module. The speed of the DC brushless motor controls the speed of the metering device, overcomes the problem of uncontrollable plant distance caused by the ground wheel slipping caused by the traditional mechanical corn sowing unit using the ground wheel as the power source to drive the seed metering device, and overcomes the problem of In the past, the mechanical corn sowing unit was limited by the transmission chain and could not realize the problem of stepless adjustment of plant spacing, and also overcome the problem of transmission failure. The monomer uses an intelligent method to realize real-time control of the sowing depth. The real-time pressure value is obtained by collecting the value of the pressure sensor. The preset sowing depth obtained by the module is controlled by the electric push rod drive module to control the elongation of the two electric push rods to realize real-time control of the sowing depth. The single unit obtains the plant distance and sowing depth through the human-computer interaction module, which changes the problem that the previous mechanical sowing unit needs to manually adjust the transmission ratio and depth adjustment device, so that the obtained preset sowing depth and plant distance are inaccurate.

The power source of the seed metering device of the utility model is a DC brushless motor, which changes the way that the mechanical sowing unit adopts the ground wheel transmission, thereby completely eliminating the problem of uneven plant spacing caused by the ground wheel slipping, and at the same time, overcomes the mechanical Due to the limitation of the mechanical mechanism, the single sowing unit cannot realize the stepless adjustment of the plant distance, and realizes the stepless adjustment of the plant distance; at the same time, the utility model realizes the real-time control of the sowing depth, and the user can set the sowing depth according to his own needs. The sowing depth is monitored in real time, and the real-time control of the sowing depth is realized, thereby ensuring the consistency and accuracy of the sowing depth. The utility model ensures the quality of sowing, improves the production efficiency, and is an independent sowing unit, which is convenient to be installed on the sowing machine.

Description of drawings

The utility model has following drawings:

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the principle of intelligent precision corn sowing individual monitoring and control system.

Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a smart precision corn sowing unit.

Figure 3 is the front view of the intelligent precision corn sowing unit.

Figure 4 is the top view of the intelligent precision corn sowing unit.

Figure 5 is a flow chart of the single control scheme for intelligent precision corn sowing.

Reference signs: 1 four-bar linkage mechanism, 2 electric push rod 1, 3 set screw, 4 ditch opener, 5 grass breaking roller, 6 seed metering device, 7 motor, 8 bolt 1, 9 cover device, 10 ground wheel . Speed sensor, 24 bearing housings, 25 shafts.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the utility model.

As shown in Figure 1-4, an intelligent precision corn sowing unit includes: a mechanical part and a monitoring and control part;

As shown in Figure 2-4, the mechanical part includes: frame 14, seed box 16, ground wheel mounting frame 11, ground wheel 10, ditch opener 4, four-bar linkage mechanism 1, seed meter 6 and grass breaking roller 5 ;

As shown in Figure 1, the monitoring control part includes: a speed sensor 23, a pressure sensor 12, an A/D conversion module, a microprocessor controller, a human-computer interaction module, a motor drive module, a motor 7, an electric push rod-2, an electric push rod Rod 2 13, electric push rod drive module, navigation module, power supply module, vehicle battery, CAN bus module;

As shown in Figure 2-4, the frame 14 is set horizontally, the front end of the frame 14 is provided with a four-bar linkage mechanism 1, the front lower part is provided with a weed roller 5 and a ditch opener 4 in sequence, and the upper end is provided with a seed box 16; The seed metering device 6 is arranged directly below; the ground wheel 10 is provided at the rear of the frame 14, and the ground wheel 10 is connected with the frame 14 through the ground wheel mounting frame 11 lower ends on both sides; Electric push rod two 13;

The speed sensor 23 is arranged on one side of the ground wheel; the pressure sensor 12 is arranged on the bottom of the electric push rod two 13; the motor 7 is arranged on one side of the seed meter 6 .

Four-bar linkage 1 inside is provided with electric push rod one 2, and four-bar linkage 1 upper end is provided with connecting rod 18;

The upper end of the electric push rod one 2 is hinged with the connecting rod 18, and the lower end is hinged with the cross bar at the lower part of the rear end of the four-bar linkage mechanism 1 through the bolt four 19; The upper end of the trencher 4 is fixed on the frame 14 by the bolt three 17; the soil cover 9 is fixed on the rear lower part of the opener 4 by the bolt one 8; the upper part of the electric push rod two 13 and the frame 14 are hinged by the bolt two 15; The middle part of the ground wheel mounting frame 11 on both sides of 10 is connected by connecting frame 22;

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, the vehicle battery supplies power to all electrical components through the power module; the pressure sensor 12 is used to obtain the pressure value generated by the ground on the monomer, and the obtained pressure value is sent to the Microprocessing controller; speed sensor 23 is used to obtain the speed of ground wheel 10, and the speed of acquisition is sent to microprocessing controller by A/D conversion module; The driving speed and the navigation speed obtained by the navigation module are fused with the Kalman filter algorithm to obtain the working speed of the implement. According to the working speed of the implement and the preset distance between plants obtained through the human-computer interaction module, the motor drive module is used to control the speed of the motor 7, thereby Control the rotation speed of the metering device 6; the microprocessor controller performs de-extreme average filtering algorithm on the obtained pressure value to obtain the real-time sowing depth, combined with the preset sowing depth obtained by the human-computer interaction module, and drives it through the electric push rod The module controls the elongation of the two electric push rods to realize real-time control of the sowing depth; the human-computer interaction module is used to obtain the preset plant distance and sowing depth, and send the acquired plant distance and sowing depth to the micro Process the controller and display the real-time working status of the sowing monomer in real time.

The motor 7 is a DC brushless motor.

The navigation module is GPS or Beidou.

The human-computer interaction module is a touch screen.

The human-computer interaction module includes an ARM processor.

Microprocessor controllers include embedded controllers such as microcontrollers, DSPs, and FPGAs.

It should be noted that there are multiple speed sensors in the utility model, one is installed on each single unit during the operation of the whole machine, and each wheel of the tractor is equipped with a speed sensor, and the microprocessor controller performs fusion processing on the speed of the multi-sensors, thereby obtaining The working speed of the machine tool. Overcome the problem of unstable speed of a single speed source;

It should be noted that the navigation module of the present invention can also obtain longitude and latitude data, and the sowing area can be calculated in combination with the known sowing width.

Apparently, the explanations of the principles of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the above description Other different forms of changes or changes can also be made on the basis of the present invention. All the implementation methods are not exhausted here. All obvious changes or changes that belong to the technical solutions of the present invention are still protected by the present invention. range.

Claims (9)

1. A kind of 1. intelligence essence amount corn seeding monomer, it is characterised in that including：Mechanical part and monitoring and controlling part；

   The mechanical part includes：Rack (14), seed-box (16), land wheel mounting bracket (11), land wheel (10), plough (4), four Linkage (1), feed mechanism for seed (6) and broken careless roller (5)；

   The monitoring and controlling part includes：Velocity sensor (23), pressure sensor (12), A/D modular converters, microprocessor control Device, human-computer interaction module, motor drive module, motor (7), electric pushrod one (2), electric pushrod two (13), electric pushrod drive Dynamic model block, navigation module, power module, vehicular power-bottle, CAN bus module；

   The rack (14) is horizontally disposed, and the front end of rack (14) sets quadric chain (1), and front lower portion sets gradually broken careless roller (5) and plough (4), upper end set seed-box (16)；The underface of rack (14) sets feed mechanism for seed (6)；The rack (14) Rear is equipped with land wheel (10), and the land wheel (10) is connected by land wheel mounting bracket (11) lower end of both sides with rack (14)；Land wheel Electric pushrod two (13) is equipped between mounting bracket (11) and rack (14)；

   The velocity sensor (23) is arranged at the side of land wheel；The pressure sensor (12) is arranged at electric pushrod two (13) Lower part；The motor (7) is arranged at the side of feed mechanism for seed (6).
2. 2. intelligence essence amount corn seeding monomer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The quadric chain (1) is internal Equipped with electric pushrod one (2), quadric chain (1) upper end is equipped with connecting rod (18)；Described one (2) upper end of electric pushrod and connecting rod (18) hinged, lower end is hinged by bolt four (19) and the cross bar of quadric chain (1) rear end lower.
3. 3. intelligence essence amount corn seeding monomer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that connector sleeve (21) is 2, respectively position In the inner side of two land wheel mounting bracket (11) upper ends.
4. 4. intelligence essence amount corn seeding monomer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described broken careless roller (5) upper end passes through Holding screw (3) is fixed on plough (4)；Plough (4) upper end is fixed in rack (14) by bolt three (17)； Coverer (9) is fixed on the rear lower of plough (4) by bolt one (8)；Described two (13) top of electric pushrod and rack (14) it is hinged by bolt two (15)；The middle part of the land wheel mounting bracket (11) of land wheel (10) both sides passes through link (22) Connection；Axis (25) passes through land wheel (10), is fixed on by bearing block (24) on land wheel mounting bracket (11).
5. 5. intelligence essence amount corn seeding monomer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The motor (7) is brush DC Motor.
6. 6. intelligence essence amount corn seeding monomer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The navigation module is GPS or north Bucket.
7. 7. intelligence essence amount corn seeding monomer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The human-computer interaction module is touch Screen.
8. 8. intelligence essence amount corn seeding monomer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The human-computer interaction module includes Arm processor.
9. 9. intelligence essence amount corn seeding monomer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The microprocessor controller includes single Piece machine, DSP, FPGA embedded controller.