CN1126713A - Efficient compound compost fertilizer - Google Patents
Efficient compound compost fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1126713A CN1126713A CN 95116540 CN95116540A CN1126713A CN 1126713 A CN1126713 A CN 1126713A CN 95116540 CN95116540 CN 95116540 CN 95116540 A CN95116540 A CN 95116540A CN 1126713 A CN1126713 A CN 1126713A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
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Abstract
The bacterial fertilizer is produced by preparing the bacterial liquid with azophoska bacteria and bacteria decomposing cellulose, lignin and starch, and mixing the bactrial liquid, the nutrious liquid favourable to microbe propagation and plant growth and turf as adsorbant. The efficient compound bacterial fertilizer can increase yield of crops, improve fruit quality and improve soil.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer that contains microorganism, and the method for making this fertilizer.
In the arable farming process, chemical fertilizer has played active effect, has also caused the dependency to chemical fertilizer simultaneously.Owing to use chemical fertilizer year after year, fertilizer efficiency day is subtracted, soil compaction, organic content reduces, and the microorganism sociales reduce, and have slackened soil fertility greatly, have damaged crop quality, have destroyed the eubiosis, have polluted physical environment, and the healthy of the mankind in serious harm.Chemical fertilizer has been listed in first of the agricultural three big public hazards.Simultaneously, consume a large amount of energy in the chemical fertilizers production process, cause very big burden to communications and transportation thereupon, by contrast, microbial fertilizer (being bacterial manure) can increase substantially the quality of crop under the situation of volume increase, meet human requirement to green food.Can keep and increase soil fertility, help the breeding of microorganism sociales, keep ecological balance, reduce environmental pollution, advantage such as energy consumption is low, and traffic capacity is few, and amount of application is few and easy to use.Therefore, microbial fertilizer more and more is subjected to human favor.
In known technology, the manufacture method of compound bacterial fertilizer mostly is the manufacture method of solid compound bacterial fertilizer, and its technical process complexity is difficult to operation, the quality instability.Take the compound bacterial fertilizer of liquid culture manufactured, the bacterial classification of cultivation is out of proportion, and is restive, and the shelf time is short etc., and application effect is unsatisfactory.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technical process simple, easy to operate and contain the efficient compound compost fertilizer of multiple nutritional components such as nitrogen phosphorus potassium.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method of described bacterial manure.
Present method microbial strains of reasonably having arranged in pairs or groups, make it to have given full play between the bacterial classification, " mushroom common prosperity effect " between bacterial classification and crop and the ecological environment of soil, " nutrient coordinating effect ", " biological nitrogen fixation; phosphorus decomposing; potassium decomposing and decomposition of cellulose; xylogen; starch effect ", " hormonal stimulation effect " waits effect, thereby use efficient compound compost fertilizer and can improve the output of crop significantly, improve fruit quality, keep and the fertility that improves soil, reduce and pollute, and be of value to increase and the breeding of microorganism sociales, thereby ensured the eubiosis and human physical and mental health.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: prepare azotobacteria bacterial liquid, phosphorus bacteria bacterium liquid, potassium bacterium bacterium liquid respectively, produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis bacterium liquid, Bacillus licheniformis bacterium liquid, bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterium liquid, nutritive medium and sorbent material, mix according to a certain percentage again and make efficient compound compost fertilizer, it is characterized in that:
1) described bacterial classification is: the microorganisms (as biocontrol microorganisms, antibiotic bacteria etc.) useful to crop such as vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria, potassium bacterium, product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
2) proportioning of various bacterium liquid (weight) is:
Azotobacteria bacterial liquid: 10-40%
Phosphorus bacteria bacterium liquid: 5-30%
Potassium bacterium bacterium liquid: 5-30%
Produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis bacterium liquid: 1-15%
Bacillus licheniformis bacterium liquid: 1-10%
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterium liquid: 1-10%
3) described nutritive medium is made up of bacterial cultures, trace compound, plant-growth regulator and soil conditioner, and its proportioning (weight) is as follows:
Bacteriotrophy thing: 20-60%
Trace compound: 10-45%
Plant-growth regulator: 1-20%
Soil conditioner: 1-15%
4) efficient compound compost fertilizer by peat composed of rotten mosses sorbent materials such as (light calcium carbonate, zeolites), to contain effective bacterium number be that hundred million of 30-50 or above/milliliter bacterium liquid and nutritive medium are formed, its proportioning (weight) is as follows:
Peat composed of rotten mosses sorbent material: 50-80% such as (light calcium carbonate, zeolites)
Effectively bacterium is counted hundred million of 30-50 or above/milliliter bacterium liquid: 10-30%
Nutritive medium: 5-40%
The bacterial classification of making efficient compound compost fertilizer mainly contains blown-ball Azotobacter (the Azotobacter chroococcum such as the ACCC10001 of Azotobacter, 10002,10006, AS1.178,1.212,1.222), Wei Nielande vinelandii (the Azotobat-ter Vinelandii such as the ACCC10087 of Azotobacter, 10088, AS1.207,1.824,1.1005,1.1649), the rhizobium leguminosarum of rhizobium (Rhizobium legu-minosarum such as ACCC 18001,18016,16001,17501, AS 1.171,1.167,1.87,1.161), rhizobium rihizobium japonicum (Rhizobium japo-nicum ACCC 15005,15018,15067, AS1.174,1.1826,1.828), rhizobium cowpea rhizobium (Rhizobium vigna such as ACCC14010,14064,14082,19520,19535,19563), Klebsiella pneumonia belongs to Klebsiella pneumonia (Klebsiella neumomiae, as ACCC10082,10083), bacillus bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium such as ACCC10008,10010,10011, AS1.127,1.151,1.941), bacillus bacillus cereus (Bacillus cereus such as AS1.182,1.1626), pseudomonas Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pseudomonas fluorescens such as ACCC10040, AS1.55), bacillus colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus ACCC10012, AS1.231), bacillus bacillus firmus (Bacillus firmus such as AS1.1217), Cellulomonas produces yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (Cellulomonasflavigena such as ACCC11055, AS1.1002), bacillus Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis such as AS1.518,1.813), bacillus bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefacins such as AS1.1099,1.1226) etc. bacterial strain (China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms, China's bacterial classification catalogue, version in 1992, China Machine Press, 40-111).These bacterial classifications can be by Chinese microorganism strain management committee agricultural microbial strains preservation center, and common micro-organisms DSMZ or other units concerned obtain.
Blown-ball Azotobacter (Azotobacter chroococcum) is as the type species of vinelandii, and describe according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi: bacterium is big oval bacillus, and 2 * 5 microns, in pairs normal, the peritrichous motion.Form sporangiocyst and pod membrane mucus.Do not produce insoluble pigment, but the grower on agar medium has distinctive non-dissolubility brown pigments, this pigment of some bacterial strain can become black later.Utilize starch, N.F,USP MANNITOL, but do not utilize rhamnosyl.Optimum temperature is 20-30 ℃, pH scope 5.5-8.5, preferred pH7.0-7.5.G+C content among the DNA is 65-66% (mole) " B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,331 ".(Azotobacter chroococcumACCC10001,10002,10006, AS1.178,1.212,1.222 should meet feature described above to blown-ball Azotobacter of the present invention.
(Azotobatter Vinelandii describes according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi: bacterium is big oval bacillus to the Wei Nielande vinelandii of Azotobacter, and is in pairs normal, and the peritrichous motion forms cyst and abundant pod membrane mucus.Have the polymkeric substance of glucuronic acid in the pod membrane mucus.Produce water miscible fluorochrome, under ultraviolet, be green.Do not utilize starch, and can utilize N.F,USP MANNITOL and rhamnosyl.Optimum temperature 20-30 ℃, the pH scope 5.5-8.5 of growth, preferred pH7.0-7.5.G+C content among the DNA is 66% (mole) " B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), scientific publication, 1984,331 ".The Wei Nielande vinelandii of Azotobacter of the present invention (Azotobatter Vinelandii) ACCC10087,10088, AS1.207,1.824,1.1005,1.1649 bacterial strains should meet feature described above.
The rhizobium leguminosarum of rhizobium (Rhizobium leguminosarum) is as the type species of root nodule bacterium, describes according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi, and the bacterium of this Pseudomonas group I moves to six roots of sensation peritrichous with two.Record has cilium to the minority bacterial strain.Some types forms pod membrane, bacterium colony circle, projection, translucent, swell and have cement; On yeast extract paste N.F,USP MANNITOL inorganic salt agar medium, growing produces obvious turbidity after 3-5 days.Can utilize multiple kinds of carbohydrate; Prefer glucose, N.F,USP MANNITOL or sucrose.Some bacterial strains need vitamin H or other water-soluble vitaminss.25-30 ℃ of optimum growth temperature, pH scope are 5.0-8.5.G+C content among the DNA is 59.1-63.1% (mole)." B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,342-344 ".The rhizobium leguminosarum of rhizobium of the present invention (Rhizobium egu-minosarum ACCC18001,18016,16001,17501, AS1.171,1.167,1.87,1.161) bacterial strain should meet feature described above.
Rhizobium rihizobium japonicum (Rhizobium japonicum), rhizobium cowpea rhizobium (Rhizobium vigna) are described according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi, and the bacterium of this Pseudomonas group II is extremely to give birth to or the motion of inferior polar flagella.Growth is slow on yeast leach liquor substratum.Bacterium colony circle, point-like, opaque, rarely found translucent, white, projection and gritty texture; 5-7 days colony diameter of growth is no more than 1 millimeter on yeast extract paste N.F,USP MANNITOL inorganic salt agar medium.After vibration liquid culture 3-5 days or longer time, the muddiness of moderate is only arranged.Uncommon growth bacterial strain faster on this substratum.Liking with the pentose is carbon source, does not utilize disaccharide class and polyose usually.Usually do not utilize vitamin H.Optimal temperature 25-30 ℃, the pH scope 5.0-8.5 of growth.G+C content among the DNA is 61.6-65.5% (mole), " B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,342-345 ".Rhizobium rihizobium japonicum of the present invention (Rhizobium japonium) ACCC15005,15018,15067, AS1.174,1.7826,1.828, rhizobium cowpea rhizobium (Rhizobium vigna) ACCC14010,14064,14082,19520,19535,19563 bacterial strains should meet feature described above.
Klebsiella pneumonia belongs to that Klebsiella pneumonia (Klebsiella Pneumomiae) describes according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi: cell does not move, encapsulated bacillus, 0.3-1.5 * 0.6-6 micron, single, in pairs or the short chain shape arrange.Be grown on the meat extract substratum produce that sticking toughness do not wait be the bacterium colony that semisphere has flash of light slightly, these depend on the composition of bacterial strain and substratum.
Do not need special grower, most of bacterial strains can utilize citrate and dextrose as sole carbon source, and ammonia is as nitrogenous source.Glucose fermentation produces sour aerogenesis (CO
2More than H
2), but the anaerogen strain is also arranged.Most of bacterial strains produce 2, and the 3-butyleneglycol is as the main end products of glucose fermentation, and V, P reaction is positive usually; Lactic acid, acetate and formic acid form more less than mixed acid fermentation amount, and acetate is bigger than mixed acid fermentation amount.Do not produce H from TSI
2S does not produce gelatinase and indoles usually.35-37 ℃ of optimum growth temperature, the pH of growth about 7.2.G+C content among the DNA is 52-56% (mole)." B.E. Buchanan and N.E. gibbs etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,446-447 ".Klebsiella Klebsiella pneumonia of the present invention (K1ebsilla Pneumomiae) ACCC10082,10083 bacterial strains should meet feature described above.
Bacillus bacillus megaterium (Baclllus megaterium) is described according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi, and on the nutrition agar, cell is column to ellipse or pyriform; Diameter mostly is 1.5 microns, the short chain that is tending towards twisting.Cell is bigger in the carbohydrate substratum; The diameter of some bacterial strains can reach 3 microns or bigger.
The fat body is big poly-β-carboxyl butyrates, shows as non-staining microsphere in painted weak thalline, and the thalline that particularly is grown on the dextrose culture-medium is more obvious.Many bacterial strains all move; Motion is slow, needs free oxygen.Spore does not wait to long shape from short ellipse.Can be dyeed by azaleine at some bacterial strain miospore shells.Growth is enriched on agar, does not expand, and is glossy or darker, little sometimes wrinkle; The growth later stage, general band was yellow; The long-time cultivation, grower and substratum become brown or black.Grower on the glucose agar has viscosity in various degree.Usually produce acid from pectinose, wood sugar and N.F,USP MANNITOL.Gelatin dissolves soon (22 ℃).Casein is cleared up rapidly, the phenylalanine deamination.Assimilation nitrate, but in substratum, do not accumulate nitrite.Under the situation of no growth factor, can be with ammonium salt or nitrate and glucose as unique carbon source propagation.Aerobic.G+C content among the DNA is 36-38% (mole)." B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,739 ".Bacillus megaterium of the present invention (Bacillus megaterium) ACCC10008,10010,10011, AS1.127,1.151,1.941 bacterial strains should meet feature described above.
Pseudomonas Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pseudomonas fluorescens) is described according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi: the bacillus that during logarithmic phase is 0.7-0.8 * 2.3-2.8 micron; In old culture, may shorten or attenuate.Single or paired appearance.Extremely to give birth to the feathering motion; Accidentally do not move.
Culture produces diffusible fluorochrome, and is particularly especially like this in the iron deficiency substratum.Some bacterial strain produces the cyanine of non-diffusion.Containing on the 2-4% sucrose medium, the bacterium colony of biotype I, II and IV glues, and this is owing to form the result of Polylevulosan.Some bacterial strain (biotype I, III and IV) can carry out denitrification.Egg yolk reaction: biotype I and III are positive, and be indefinite in other bacterial strain.Biotype I generally can reduce fat, and biotype II does not understand fat; The other biological type is indefinite to separating fat.Do not need growth factor.Nutrition variation, single bacterial strain can utilize 60-80 above carbon source and grow.Except carrying out denitrification and can the bacterial strain of anaerobic growth on the nitrate culture-medium, all seeking the obligate aerobiosis.25-30 ℃ of optimum growth temperature.G+C content among the DNA is 59.3-61.3% (mole) " B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,280-281 ".Pseudomonas Pseudomonas fluorescence of the present invention (Pseudomonas fluorescens) ACCC10040, AS1.55 bacterial strain should meet feature described above.
Bacillus colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus) is described according to B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi: bacterium is 4-7 * 1-1.2 micron, elongated rod shape, the pure circle in two ends, 1-2 big fats particle often arranged in the born of the same parents, gramstaining is negative, can form the pod membrane doubly than the big 10-50 of thalline at cell, the pod membrane that has can form layer 2-4, can form oval brood cell.Not high to nutritional requirement, can utilize various carbohydrates and starch, not obvious product acid.Well-grown on nitrogen-free agar also can be grown on nitrogenous substratum, and it is bad to grow on beef peptone, and it is faint to grow in milk, is little azotobacter of having a liking for.25-30 ℃ of optimum growth temperature, the pH scope 5.0-8.0 of growth, preferred pH7.0-7.2.Bacillus colloid bacillus cereus of the present invention (Bacillus mucilaginosus) ACCC10012, the AS1.231 bacterial strain should meet feature described above.
Bacillus bacillus firmus (Bacillus firmus), the bacterium of describing according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi is 0.6-0.9 * 1.2-4 micron.Shaft-like, chaining seldom; Even dyeing, the flagellum adnation; Produce acid from glucose oxidase; Acid labile can only be grown more than pH6; Can support add glucose on the substratum of growth, then suppress its early growth and the pH value is not reduced to below 6.Can utilize N.F,USP MANNITOL, decompose casein, hydrolyzed starch.Minimum nutritional requirement is amino acid and V
HOr V
HMixture with VitB1.G+C content among the DNA is 41% (mole) " B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,745-746 ".Bacillus bacillus firmus of the present invention (Bacillus firmusAS1.1217) bacterial strain should meet feature described above.
Cellulomonas produces yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (Cellulomonas flavigena) for producing the type species of yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, describe people such as Ji Bensi according to B.E. Buchanan and N.E.: in children's culture in age, irregular bacillus diameter is about 0.5 micron, length 0.7-2 micron or longer, it may be straight, be angle or bending, and idol has bar-shaped or miniliform; The bacillus part is arranged in " V " font by certain angle.Cell can show original branch accidentally, but does not form real mycelium.Along with the cell age of culture increases, it is shorter that bacillus becomes, but only in a week or older culture, just see a small amount of spherule cell.With one (it is extremely living to be generally extremely life or Asia) or several adnation flagellar movements, or do not move.30 ℃ and near neutral peptone meat extract substratum on, well-grown or medium.On nutrition agar and similar substratum, most of bacterial strain produces yellow non-dispersive pigment.The filter paper bar shortens a pile paper pulp into or becomes very thin in 0.5% peptone solution.Hydrolyzed starch.Slow gelatin hydrolysate.Most of bacterial strain is a nitrite with nitrate reduction.Aerobic, most of bacterial strain is amphimicrobian.G+C content among the DNA is 71.7-72.7% (mole) [B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,739].Cellulomonas of the present invention produces yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (Cellulomonas flavigena) ACCC11055, AS1.1002, and bacterial strain should meet feature described above.
Bacillus Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) is described according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi: the shaft-like 0.6-0.8 of cell * 1.5-3 micron.During spore germination, position various situations from the equator to the top that vegetative cell takes place have.Bacterium colony on the nutrition agar becomes opaque, and the surface is dark to coarse; It is hair-like that the edge generally is; Usually securely attached on the agar; Particularly on grape agar and paddy ammonia amine ammonia glycerine agar, the mucus that the bacterium colony accumulation is a large amount of is massif shape and decomposite leaf shape.Nutrient gelatin (22 ℃) liquefaction slowly, it is butterfly-shaped to be tea in seven days.The glucose anaerobically fermenting becomes various products, and wherein 2,3-butyleneglycol and glycerine are tool features.The many acyl groups polypeptide that forms is amorphous mucus outside born of the same parents.Outside born of the same parents, form Polylevulosan from sucrose.Many bacterial strains form haematochrome (similar pulcherrimin) containing on the carbohydrate substratum of enough iron, old culture becomes brown.Anaerobic growth can appear in containing the complicated substratum of glucose or nitrate.Produce CO from glucose
2Produce N by nitrate
2And N
2O can find what gas cut in and out in all cases.30-50 ℃ of optimum growth temperature.G+C content among the DNA is 43-47% (mole), " B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,733-735 ".Bacillus Bacillus licheniformis of the present invention (Bacillus licheniformis) AS1.518,1.813 bacterial strains should meet feature described above.
Bacillus bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefacins) is described according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi: bacterium is shaft-like, seldom chaining; Flagellum adnation, statospore are ellipse or column, and the not obvious expansion of sporocyst is given birth in the spore.Produce acid, hydrolyzed starch from glucose.Aerobic growth.37 ℃ of optimum growth temperatures.Optimum pH7.2.G+C content among the DNA is 43.5-44.9% (mole).[B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,733-735].Bacillus bacillus amyloliquefaciens of the present invention (Bacillusamyloliquefacins) AS1.1099,1.1226 bacterial strains should meet feature described above.
Bacillus bacillus cereus (Bacillus cereus) is described according to people such as B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi: the shaft-like 1.0-1.2 of cell * 3-5 micron.The cell of early growth contains Oil globule on the glucose agar, mostly is β-carboxyl butyrates.Cell content also has volutin granules.The roomy outer wall of sporocyst that discharges from sporocyst is wrapping.Spore coat dissolves rapidly during sprouting, and nourishing body bears immediately.Shaft-like bacterial strain has the trend of chaining; The stability of chain has determined the form of bacterium colony, and colonial morphology alters a great deal in different bacterial strains.A kind of special bacterium colony is dark or ground-glass appearance, and the edge of fluctuating, the grower aplasia of shifting out from the edge are arranged.Another kind of special bacterium colony, the growth of root shape is expanded on the agar surface.Grower is irregular and tangles, and in different strains, its root shape is many with clockwise bending or crooked counterclockwise.The primary product of glucose fermentation comprises 2,3-butyleneglycol, acetyl methyl carbinol, glycerine, lactic acid, succsinic acid, formic acid, acetate and CO
2, product is different because of culture condition.Some bacterial strain produces red pulcherrimin pigment in containing the starch culture-medium of enough iron.Some bacterial strain produces the yellow-green fluorescence pigment in different substratum.Some bacterial strain makes the little deepening of substratum on the nutrition agar, but the generation powder brown lysochrome that has.Necessarily require one or more amino acid.In the substratum of complexity, be anaerobic growth; Glucose and nitrate can promote anaerobic growth.25-30 ℃ of optimum growth temperature.G+C content among the DNA is 32-33% (mole) B.E. Buchanan and N.E. Ji Bensi etc., uncle's outstanding Bacteria Identification handbook (the 8th edition), Science Press, 1984,736-737].Bacillus bacillus cereus of the present invention (Bacillus cereus) AS1.182,1.1626 bacterial strains should meet feature described above.Describe manufacture method of the present invention below in detail: one. slant medium (seed culture medium), produce preparation with substratum and bacterium liquid
A. slant medium (seed culture medium) preparation method: put into container in the lump after all raw material weighing with the seed culture based formulas, boiled 10-30 minute, adjustment pH is 7.0-7.2.To be mixed evenly after, divide to install in the test tube, install to the test tube of 1/3,19 * 190mm of test tube capacity, Intake Quantity is 15 milliliters.Behind 120 ℃, 30 minutes autoclavings, while hot test tube is tiltedly put the bevel substratum.
B. produce the preparation method with substratum: put into container in the lump after will producing all raw material weighing with culture medium prescription, boiled 10-30 minute, adjustment pH is 7.0-7.2.To be mixed evenly after, divide to install in triangular flask (500 milliliters of triangular flask Intake Quantitys are 300 milliliters) or the fermentor tank (the fermentor tank Intake Quantity of 1000 liters of capacity is 700 kilograms), through 120 ℃, 30 minutes autoclavings.
C. the preparation method of bacterium liquid: choose and produce bacterial classification (generally can choose as required a strain or multi-strain bacteria kind form a group produce bacterial classification), it is inoculated into respectively in the corresponding slant medium, be cultured to lawn through 25-30 ℃ and form.Again inoculum is received respectively in the production substratum in the corresponding triangular flask,, be secondary seed through 25-30 ℃ of shaking culture 3-10 days.After secondary seed culture balanced mix, be inoculated in the fermentor tank of the band whipping appts that corresponding production substratum is housed by the grain weight of 1-3%, through 25-30 ℃, 100-200 rev/min stir culture 3-6 days, make the bacterium number reach hundred million of 30-50 or above/milliliter.It is stand-by that bacterium liquid prepares the back.
The prescription of each bacterium culture medium of brief description and preparation method:
1. vinelandii (the Wei Nielande vinelandii of the blown-ball Azotobacter of Azotobacter, Azotobacter, the rhizobium leguminosarum of rhizobium, rhizobium rihizobium japonicum, rhizobium cowpea rhizobium, Klebsiella pneumonia belong to Klebsiella pneumonia):
Slant medium (seed culture medium) prescription and preparation method:
Glucose 5 gram glycerine 5 grams
Yeast extract paste 10 gram potassium primary phosphates 0.5 gram
Sal epsom 0.2 gram sodium-chlor 0.1 gram
1 milliliter of lime carbonate 3 grams 1% ammonium molybdate
1 milliliter of 1 milliliter of 1% cobalt oxide of 1% ironic citrate
1 milliliter of agar 15-20 gram of 1% manganous sulfate
1000 milliliters of pH5.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method A preparation.Production is with culture medium prescription and preparation method:
5 kilograms of 5 kilograms of glucose of sucrose
100 kilograms of 5 kilograms of analysis for soybean powder of glycerine
2 kilograms of 2 kilograms of plant ash of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate
Aforementioned preparation method C preparation (the general employing by 2 strain vinelandii and 1 strain root nodule bacterium formed one group of production bacterial classification) is adopted in the preparation that 1000 kilograms of pH5.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method B to prepare azotobacteria bacterial liquid.
2. phosphorus bacteria (bacillus bacillus megaterium, bacillus bacillus cereus, pseudomonas Pseudomonas fluorescence)
Slant medium (seed culture medium) prescription and preparation method:
Peptone 5 gram meat extracts 3 grams
Sodium-chlor 3 gram manganous sulfates 0.5 gram
Glycerine 10 gram potato powder 5 grams
Agar 10-15 gram
1000 milliliters of pH6.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method A preparation, produce with culture medium prescription and preparation method:
3 kilograms in 3 kilograms of Repone K of sodium-chlor
3 kilograms in 3 kilograms of lime carbonate of sal epsom
10 kilograms in 1 kilogram of potato powder of ironic citrate
1000 kilograms of pH6.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method B preparation.Aforementioned preparation method C preparation (the general employing by 2 strain phosphorus bacterias formed one group of production bacterial classification) is adopted in the preparation of phosphorus bacteria bacterium liquid.
3. potassium bacterium (bacillus colloid bacillus cereus, bacillus bacillus firmus)
Slant medium (seed culture medium) prescription and preparation method:
Sucrose 10 gram lime carbonate 1 gram
Manganous sulfate 0.2 gram peptone 10 grams
Sodium-chlor 3 gram potassium primary phosphates 0.5 gram
Agar 15-20 gram
1000 milliliters of pH6.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method A preparation.Production is with culture medium prescription and preparation method:
10 kilograms of 10 kilograms of glucose of sucrose
5 kilograms of 0.5 kilogram of analysis for soybean powder of potassium primary phosphate
5 kilograms in 1 kilogram of agar of sal epsom
1000 kilograms of pH 6.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method B preparation.Aforementioned preparation method C preparation (general employing is one group by 2 strain potassium bacteriums and produces bacterial classification) is adopted in the preparation of potassium bacterium bacterium liquid.
4. produce the yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis
Slant medium (seed culture medium) prescription and preparation method:
Sodium-chlor 6 gram sal epsom 0.1 gram
Potassium primary phosphate 0.5 gram lime carbonate 0.1 gram
Ammonium sulfate 2 gram Xylo-Mucines 15 grams
Agar 10-15 gram
1000 milliliters of pH 6.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method A preparation.Production is with culture medium prescription and preparation method:
3 kilograms in 3 kilograms of sal epsom of sodium-chlor
15 kilograms of 0.5 kilogram of Xylo-Mucines of potassium primary phosphate
5 kilograms in agar
1000 kilograms of pH 6.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method B preparation.Produce the preparation of yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis bacterium liquid and adopt aforementioned preparation method C preparation (generally adopting 1 strain bacterial classification) for producing bacterial classification.
5. Bacillus licheniformis:
Slant medium (seed culture medium) prescription and preparation method:
Peptone 5 gram meat extracts 3 grams
5 milliliters of sodium-chlor 5 grams 1% manganous sulfates
Agar 15-20 gram
1000 milliliters of pH6.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method A preparation.Production is with culture medium prescription and preparation method:
3 kilograms in 3 kilograms of lime carbonate of sodium-chlor
5 kilograms of 10 kilograms of Xylo-Mucines of potato powder
0.5 kilogram of 5 kilograms of manganous sulfate of agar
1000 kilograms of pH6.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method B preparation.Aforementioned preparation method C preparation (generally adopting 1 strain bacterial classification for producing bacterial classification) is adopted in the preparation of Bacillus licheniformis bacterium liquid.
6. bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Slant medium (seed culture medium) prescription and preparation method:
Peptone 10 gram beef bone 5 grams
Yeast extract paste 5 gram glucose 5 grams
Sodium-chlor 5 gram agar 15-20 grams
1000 milliliters of pH6.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method A preparation.Production is with culture medium prescription and preparation method:
3 kilograms of 10 kilograms of yeast extract pastes of sucrose
3 kilograms in 10 kilograms of sodium-chlor of starch
5 kilograms in 1 kilogram of agar of sal epsom
1000 kilograms of pH6.5-8.5 of water adopt aforementioned preparation method B preparation.Aforementioned preparation method C preparation (generally adopting 1 strain bacterial classification as producing bacterial classification) is adopted in the preparation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterium liquid.Two. preparation of adsorbent
Silt foreign material in the raw material peat composed of rotten mosses (lightweight charcoal acid calcium, zeolite) etc. are removed clean, oven dry is crushed to granularity less than 0.18 millimeter.Then, through 120 ℃, 30 minutes autoclavings, the cooling back was standby.Three. prescription of nutritive medium and preparation method thereof
Nutritive medium among the present invention (it is needed to plant growth useful microbial reproduction and plant-growth to help vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria, potassium bacterium, product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis, Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens etc.) mainly is made up of bacteriotrophy thing, trace element and compound thereof, plant-growth regulator and soil conditioner.
The bacteriotrophy thing mainly contains: agar, peptone, glucose, sucrose, glycerine, potassium primary phosphate, lime carbonate, extractum carnis, yeast extract paste, sodium-chlor, analysis for soybean powder, starch, potato, ammonium molybdate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Xylo-Mucine etc.
Trace element and compound thereof mainly contain: zinc, titanium, boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, cobalt, selenium, nickel, cerium; Zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, borax, copper sulfate, ironic citrate, manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, cobalt oxide, Selenium Sulphate, single nickel salt, ceric sulfate etc.
Plant-growth regulator mainly contains: Sodium salts humic acids, ammonium humate, alar-85, α-chloroethyl phosphonic acid, paclobutrazol, Regulox, benzene acetic acid, 2 first, 4 chlorine etc.
Soil conditioner mainly contains: Sodium salts humic acids, the peat composed of rotten mosses, peat, Wingdale, silica gel etc.
In above four kinds of compositions, can breed according to microbial culture, the needs of plant-growth, appropriate selection is carried out in the type of different soils and different areas, and every kind of composition can be selected one or more, and the weight ratio of these four kinds of compositions is as follows:
Bacteriotrophy thing: 20-60%,
Minor compound: 10-45%
Plant-growth regulator: 1-20%
Soil conditioner: 1-15%
Process in preparation, various composition nutrition can take two kinds of methods to add according to the needs of technology, a kind of method is to mix with the peat composed of rotten mosses (light calcium carbonate, zeolite) etc. earlier, in stirrer, stirred 5-15 minute with 250-500 rev/min speed, until mixing, again through 120 ℃, 30 minutes autoclavings.After another kind method was 120 ℃, 30 minutes autoclavings of the nutritive medium for preparing, Ensure Liquid liquid when adding bacterium liquid stirred in stirrer 5-15 minute with 250-500 rev/min speed, until mixing.
According to different needs, can select following three kinds of nutrient solution prescriptions (in parts by weight):
First kind:
Matter 8 is planted in agar 5, potassium primary phosphate 10, sodium-chlor 1, lime carbonate 5, analysis for soybean powder 5, starch 1, glucose 2, potato powder 6, glycerine 2, yeast extract paste 1, zinc sulfate 20, titanium oxide 0.5, borax 2, copper sulfate 0.5, manganous sulfate 5, cobalt oxide 2, ironic citrate 5, single nickel salt 1, ceric sulfate 1, Sodium salts humic acids 10, ammonium humate 5, α-chloroethyl phosphonic acid 2, corruption.
Second kind:
Agar 6, potassium primary phosphate 10, sucrose 10, glycerine 1, yeast extract paste 2, potato powder 2, lime carbonate 5, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 3, carboxymethyl cellulose 10, sodium-chlor 1, zinc sulfate 10, copper sulfate 10, ironic citrate 8, manganous sulfate 6, ammonium molybdate 2, cobalt oxide 2, ceric sulfate 2, Sodium salts humic acids 5, α-chloroethyl phosphonic acid 2, silica gel 3.
The third:
Matter 15, Sodium salts humic acids 5 are planted in agar 10, glucose 10, sodium-chlor 2, analysis for soybean powder 5, potassium primary phosphate 5, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8, zinc oxide 10, copper sulfate 5, borax 10, manganous sulfate 3, ammonium molybdate 3, cobalt oxide 3, ceric sulfate 1, paclobutrazol 3, α-chloroethyl phosphonic acid 2, corruption.
The preparation method of nutritive medium: take by weighing earlier the raw material in the above-mentioned prescription respectively, put into container, add 100 parts of (weight) water more separately, boiled 30 minutes, solution is adjusted to pH7.0-7.2 promptly be prepared into nutritive medium after evenly.If earlier nutritive medium is added in the peat composed of rotten mosses sorbent materials such as (light calcium carbonate, zeolites), then the speed with 250-500 rev/min stirred 5-15 minute in stirrer, again through 120,30 minutes autoclavings.If add the peat composed of rotten mosses, light calcium carbonate, zeolite in the lump with bacterium liquid) wait, then first with nutritive medium through 120 ℃, 30 minutes autoclavings.Add in the lump in peat composed of rotten mosses (light calcium carbonate, zeolite) etc. with bacterium liquid then.Four, the compound method of efficient compound compost fertilizer
Efficient compound compost fertilizer is made up of the peat composed of rotten mosses sorbent material, bacterium liquid and nutritive mediums such as (light calcium carbonate, zeolites).Its weight ratio is:
Sorbent material 50-80% such as the peat composed of rotten mosses
Bacterium liquid 10-30%
Nutritive medium 5-40%
Compound method with efficient compound compost fertilizer is described below below:
1, the sorbent materials such as (light calcium carbonate, zeolites) of the peat composed of rotten mosses behind the autoclaving is put into stirrer, add and cultivate the bacterium liquid for preparing.
2, the nutritive medium behind the autoclaving is added in the above-mentioned sorbent material.
3, after bacterium liquid, nutritive medium add, start stirrer and stirred 5-15 minute with 250-500 rev/min speed, until stirring, can obtain this compound bacterial fertilizer.
Efficient compound compost fertilizer of the present invention has following positively effect:
On 12 kinds of crops such as wheat paddy rice corn, peanut cotton, use, average volume increase 13.7%, " 5% volume increase probability about 100%, wherein the food crop volume increase 13.2%, oil crops volume increase 13.1%, leguminous forage and green manure volume increase 16.6%, gourd, fruit and vegetable volume increase 17.2%, fibre crops such as cotton volume increase 12%.
Can improve the quality of fruit, improve the soil.
Can use various refuse waste residues in a large number, help the disposal of three wastes.
Specify the present invention in detail below by embodiment, rather than limitation ot it.
Embodiment 1
1, the selection of bacterial strain: vinelandii ACCC10001,100088,150005, AS1.174, phosphorus bacteria AS1.127,1.55, potassium bacterium AS1.231,1.1217, product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis AS1.1002, Bacillus licheniformis AS1.518, bacillus amyloliquefaciens AS1.1226 bacterial strain are as one group of production bacterial strain.
2, slant medium (seed culture medium), the preparation method of production substratum and bacterium liquid as previously mentioned.150 kilograms of bacterium liquid: 60 kilograms of azotobacteria bacterial liquids, 35 kilograms of phosphorus bacteria bacterium liquid, 35 kilograms of potassium bacterium bacterium liquid, produce 5 kilograms of 10 kilograms of yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobiliss, 5 kilograms of Bacillus licheniformis bacterium liquid and bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
3, peat composed of rotten mosses preparation of adsorbent method as previously mentioned.Get 750 kilograms in peat composed of rotten mosses sorbent material.
4, nutritive medium adopts the A prescription, and the preparation method gets 100 kilograms of nutritive mediums as previously mentioned.
5, peat composed of rotten mosses sorbent material is put into stirrer for 750 kilograms, add 150 kilograms of bacterium liquid, add 100 kilograms of plant nutrition liquids again, reached in 15 minutes evenly, just obtain efficient compound compost fertilizer with 250 rev/mins speed stirrings.
Adopt this bacterial manure to carry out the peanut test, compare with the contrast field: average plant height increases by 1 centimetre, and many 1 of individual plant branch, single-strain fresh weight increase by 10 grams, and the follicarpium dry weight increases by 47.5 grams, and amounting to per mu yield increases by 33.7 kilograms.Stimulation ratio is 13.1%.Simultaneously, the leaf spot sickness rate reduces by 10.8%.
Embodiment 2
1, the selection of bacterial strain: vinelandii ACCC10088,10082, AS1.171, ACCC14082, phosphorus bacteria ACCC10010, AS1.182, potassium bacterium ACCC10012, AS1.1217, product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis ACCC11055, Bacillus licheniformis AS1.813, bacillus amyloliquefaciens AS1.1099 bacterial strain are as one group of production bacterial strain.
2, slant medium (seed culture medium), the preparation method of production substratum and bacterium liquid as previously mentioned.1 00 kilograms of bacterium liquid: 50 kilograms of azotobacteria bacterial liquids, 20 kilograms of phosphorus bacteria bacterium liquid, 20 kilograms of potassium bacterium bacterium liquid, produce 3 kilograms of 4 kilograms of yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobiliss, 3 kilograms of Bacillus licheniformis bacterium liquid and bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
3, peat composed of rotten mosses preparation of adsorbent method as previously mentioned.Get 800 kilograms in peat composed of rotten mosses sorbent material.
4, nutritive medium adopts the B prescription, and the preparation method as previously mentioned.Get 100 kilograms of nutritive mediums.
5, peat composed of rotten mosses sorbent material is put into stirrer for 800 kilograms, add 100 kilograms of bacterium liquid, add 100 kilograms of nutritive mediums again, reached in 5 minutes evenly, just obtain efficient compound compost fertilizer with 500 rev/mins speed stirrings.
Adopt this bacterial manure to carry out rice test, compared with the control: seedling leaf color is greener, root increases the 1-2 bar, length increases 2-3 centimetre, and every strain is tillered increases 1-2, and plant height increases 2-3 centimetre, the real grain of every fringe number increases the 6-8 grain, thousand seed weight increases by 0.8 gram, and average yield per mu increases by 126 jin, and amount of increase in production is 11.2%.
Embodiment 3
1, the selection of bacterial strain: vinelandii AS1.212,1.1649,1.171, ACCC19563, phosphorus bacteria ACCC10040, AS1.1626, potassium bacterium AS1.231,1.1217, product yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis AS1.1002, Bacillus licheniformis AS1.518, bacillus amyloliquefaciens AS1.1226 bacterial strain are as one group of production bacterial strain.
2, slant medium (seed culture medium), the preparation method of production substratum and bacterium liquid as previously mentioned.200 kilograms of bacterium liquid: 80 kilograms of azotobacteria bacterial liquids, 50 kilograms of phosphorus bacteria bacterium liquid, 50 kilograms of potassium bacterium bacterium liquid, produce 5 kilograms of 10 kilograms of yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobiliss, 5 kilograms of Bacillus licheniformis bacterium liquid and bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
3, peat composed of rotten mosses preparation of adsorbent method as previously mentioned.Get 600 kilograms in peat composed of rotten mosses sorbent material.
4, nutritive medium adopts the C prescription, and the preparation method as previously mentioned.Get 200 kilograms of nutritive mediums.
5, peat composed of rotten mosses sorbent material is put into stirrer for 600 kilograms, add 200 kilograms of bacterium liquid, add 200 kilograms of nutritive mediums again, reached in 5 minutes evenly, just obtain efficient compound compost fertilizer with 400 rev/mins speed stirrings.
Adopt this bacterial manure to carry out the Chinese cabbage test: the amount of increase in production of Chinese cabbage is 8-17.4%, on average increases production 281.25 kilograms/mu, and mouthfeel is good, the dish thick flavor.
The quality of this efficient compound compost fertilizer can meet or exceed " The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, MOA's industry standard " NY227-94.
Application process of this bacterial manure and consumption:
3 kilograms of every mu of amounts of application such as farm crop, melon and fruit, vegetables, herbage, flowers, can be used in sowing time, vegetative period, early flowering season by each 1 kilogram; 2 kilograms of fruit tree, the every strains of forest, each 1 kilogram; Can use in bulk application, growth most productive period or early flowering season; Seed dressing: with the wetting seed of proper amount of clear water, then this bacterial manure is is evenly mixed and stirred on seed earlier, be with broadcasting with mixing.Seed soaking: this bacterial manure is dissolved in the clear water, again seed is put into immersion, soak to pull out after good and dry sowing in time.Dip in root: with this bacterial manure furnishing scattered paste shape, dip the rice shoot root, with dipping in planting.When using, timely earthing and water, avoid solar radiation with dry.
Medicine cooperates: when being used, sterilant and seed can be mixed and stirred, mix and stir with this bacterial manure again after drying with sterilant, evenly impose on this bacterial manure near the seed or the soil of plant root in.But forbid and the sterilant compounding application.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of efficient compound compost fertilizer is characterized in that it contains (by weight):
(1) to contain effective bacterium number be hundred million of 30-50 or above/milliliter bacterium liquid to 10-30%
(2) 50-80% sorbent material,
(3) 5-40% nutritive medium,
Described bacterium liquid contains blown-ball Azotobacter (the Azotobacter chro-ococcum ACCC10001 of Azotobacter, 10002,10006, AS1.178,1.212,1.222) Wei Nielande vinelandii (the Azotobatter VinelandiiACCC10087 of Azotobacter, 10088, AS1.207,1.824,1.1005,1.1649), the rhizobium leguminosarum of rhizobium (Rhizobium leguminosarum ACCC 18001,18016,16001,17501, AS1.171,1.167,1.87,1.161), rhizobium rihizobium japonicum (Rhizobium japonicum ACCC15 005,15018,15067, AS1.174,1.1826,1.828), rhizobium cowpea rhizobium (Rhizobium vignaACCC14010,14064,14082,19520,19535,19563), Klebsiella pneumonia belongs to Klebsiella pneumonia (KlebsiellaPneumomiaeACCC10082,10083), bacillus bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium ACCC 10008,10010,10011, AS1.127,1.151,1.941) bacillus bacillus cereus (Bacillus cereusAS1.182,1.1626), pseudomonas Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pseu-domonas fluorescens ACCC10040, AS1.55), bacillus colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus ACCC10012, AS1.231), bacillus bacillus firmus (Bacillus firmus AS1.1217), Cellulomonas produces yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis (Cellulomonas flavigena ACCC 11055, AS1.1002), bacillus Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformisAS1.518,1.813), bacillus bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amy-loliquefacinsAS1.1099,1.1226) bacterial strain.
2, bacterial manure according to claim 1, it is as follows to it is characterized in that described bacterium liquid is formed (weight):
Azotobacteria bacterial liquid 10-40%
Phosphorus bacteria bacterium liquid 5-30%
Potassium bacterium bacterium liquid 5-30%
Produce yellowish fiber Zymomonas mobilis bacterium liquid 1-15%
Bacillus licheniformis bacterium liquid 1-10%
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterium liquid 1-10%
3, bacterial manure according to claim 1, it is as follows to it is characterized in that described nutritive medium is formed (weight):
Bacteriotrophy thing 20-60%
Trace compound 10-45%
Plant-growth regulator 1-20%
Soil conditioner 1-15%
4, bacterial manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described nutritive medium comprises agar, peptone, glucose, sucrose, glycerine, potassium primary phosphate, lime carbonate, extractum carnis, yeast extract paste, sodium-chlor, analysis for soybean powder, starch, potato, ammonium molybdate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Xylo-Mucine.
5, bacterial manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described trace compound comprises: zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, borax, copper sulfate, ironic citrate, manganous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, cobalt oxide, Selenium Sulphate, single nickel salt, ceric sulfate.
6, bacterial manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described plant-growth regulator comprises: Sodium salts humic acids, ammonium humate, alar-85, α-chloroethyl phosphonic acid, paclobutrazol, Regulox, benzene acetic acid, 2 first, 4 chlorine.
7, bacterial manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that described soil conditioner comprises: Sodium salts humic acids, the peat composed of rotten mosses, peat, Wingdale, silica gel.
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| CN95116540A CN1038408C (en) | 1995-10-10 | 1995-10-10 | Efficient compound compost fertilizer |
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| CN95116540A CN1038408C (en) | 1995-10-10 | 1995-10-10 | Efficient compound compost fertilizer |
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| CN1126713A true CN1126713A (en) | 1996-07-17 |
| CN1038408C CN1038408C (en) | 1998-05-20 |
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| CN113412697A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-09-21 | 青岛万慧源环保科技有限公司 | Improvement method of saline-alkali soil |
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