CN112670805B - Laser crystal direct-punching cooling type micro-channel radiator - Google Patents
Laser crystal direct-punching cooling type micro-channel radiator Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于激光应用技术领域,尤其涉及一种激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器。The invention belongs to the technical field of laser applications, and in particular relates to a laser crystal direct flush cooling type micro-channel radiator.
背景技术Background technique
固体激光器的长期稳定工作,对晶体散热提出很高的要求。尤其对于板条激光器而言,激光晶体的体积小,功率高,在很小的晶体表面上,输出热流密度可达几百瓦。如果散热能力差,晶体温度会显著升高,进而引起激光器光束质量下降、转化效率低等一系列问题。因此,大功率激光器必须配备稳定高效的晶体散热系统。The long-term stable operation of solid-state lasers places high demands on crystal heat dissipation. Especially for slab lasers, laser crystals are small in size and high in power. On a very small crystal surface, the output heat flux density can reach several hundred watts. If the heat dissipation capacity is poor, the temperature of the crystal will increase significantly, which will cause a series of problems such as the degradation of the laser beam quality and the low conversion efficiency. Therefore, high-power lasers must be equipped with a stable and efficient crystal cooling system.
同时,激光系统对晶体表面温度均匀性较高。由于泵浦光打到晶体上,沿通光方向激光晶体内热流分布呈指数变化,会存在很大的温度梯度。散热不均会引起显著的热应力效应,常常引起晶体断裂,破坏激光系统。因此,激光晶体散热器要着重考虑晶体表面的温度分布差异。At the same time, the laser system has high temperature uniformity on the crystal surface. Since the pump light hits the crystal, the heat flow distribution in the laser crystal changes exponentially along the light-passing direction, and there will be a large temperature gradient. Uneven heat dissipation can cause significant thermal stress effects, often causing crystal fractures and destroying the laser system. Therefore, the laser crystal heat sink should focus on the temperature distribution difference on the crystal surface.
此外,与常规散热器不同的是,激光晶体散热器往往对结构布置有特殊要求。对于板条激光器,泵浦光源为半导体激光器叠阵,经过透镜整形后,汇聚入射到晶体端面上。如果通光方向的散热器尺寸过大,大大超过晶体本身的宽度,就会直接遮挡了部分泵浦光。同时,考虑到谐振腔腔镜的放置,镜片之间给予晶体散热器布置的空间非常有限,激光晶体散热器设计要充分考虑空间条件。In addition, unlike conventional heat sinks, laser crystal heat sinks often have special requirements for structural arrangement. For the slab laser, the pump light source is a stacked array of semiconductor lasers, which are converging and incident on the end face of the crystal after being shaped by the lens. If the size of the heat sink in the light-passing direction is too large, which greatly exceeds the width of the crystal itself, it will directly block part of the pump light. At the same time, considering the placement of the cavity mirror, the space for the crystal radiator to be arranged between the mirrors is very limited, and the design of the laser crystal radiator should fully consider the space conditions.
现有的激光晶体散热器尚不能同时满足以上要求。因此,需要设计开发新型结构的激光晶体散热器,在有限布置空间内简化结构,实现紧凑化、小型化。并满足激光晶体上高功率散热要求,同时考虑晶体内的非均匀热流分布特征,减小晶体表面温度分布差异,提高激光晶体的工作寿命与稳定性。The existing laser crystal heat sinks cannot meet the above requirements at the same time. Therefore, it is necessary to design and develop a laser crystal heat sink with a new structure to simplify the structure in a limited layout space and achieve compactness and miniaturization. And meet the high-power heat dissipation requirements of the laser crystal, and consider the non-uniform heat flow distribution characteristics in the crystal, reduce the temperature distribution difference on the crystal surface, and improve the working life and stability of the laser crystal.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的技术解决问题:克服现有技术的不足,提供一种激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器,能更好地利用长通道结构,提升流体工质整体吸热量,能够在各方向上提高激光板条晶体表面及微通道散热器面上的温度的均匀性。The technical solution of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a laser crystal direct flush cooling type micro-channel radiator, which can better utilize the long channel structure, improve the overall heat absorption of the fluid working medium, and can be used in all directions. Improve the uniformity of temperature on the surface of the laser strip crystal and the surface of the microchannel heat sink.
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明公开了一种激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器,包括:激光板条晶体、上微通道散热器和下微通道散热器;In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a laser crystal direct flush cooling type microchannel radiator, comprising: a laser strip crystal, an upper microchannel radiator and a lower microchannel radiator;
上微通道散热器和下微通道散热器为结构相同的微通道散热器;激光板条晶体的上下散热面分别与上微通道散热器和下微通道散热器的底部吸热面结合。The upper microchannel radiator and the lower microchannel radiator are microchannel radiators with the same structure; the upper and lower heat dissipation surfaces of the laser strip crystal are respectively combined with the bottom heat absorption surfaces of the upper microchannel radiator and the lower microchannel radiator.
在上述激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器中,微通道散热器为两层结构,包括:微通道层和盖板层;In the above-mentioned laser crystal direct flush cooling type micro-channel radiator, the micro-channel radiator has a two-layer structure, including: a micro-channel layer and a cover plate layer;
微通道层底面为吸热面,与激光板条晶体结合;The bottom surface of the microchannel layer is a heat-absorbing surface, which is combined with the laser slab crystal;
微通道层内部设有微通道结构;A micro-channel structure is arranged inside the micro-channel layer;
盖板层与微通道层紧密配合,并为微通道层提供流体工质的进出口通道。The cover plate layer is closely matched with the microchannel layer, and provides the inlet and outlet channels of the fluid working medium for the microchannel layer.
在上述激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器中,盖板层的中部设置有流体工质进口和进口集箱;盖板层的两侧对称设置有流体工质出口A、流体工质出口B、出口集箱A和出口集箱B;In the above-mentioned laser crystal direct flush cooling type microchannel radiator, the middle of the cover plate layer is provided with a fluid working medium inlet and an inlet header; the two sides of the cover plate layer are symmetrically provided with a fluid working medium outlet A, a fluid working medium outlet B, Export header A and export header B;
流体工质进口通过进口集箱与微通道结构连通;The fluid working medium inlet is communicated with the microchannel structure through the inlet header;
流体工质出口A通过出口集箱A与微通道结构连通;The fluid working medium outlet A is communicated with the microchannel structure through the outlet header A;
流体工质出口B通过出口集箱B与微通道结构连通。The fluid working medium outlet B communicates with the microchannel structure through the outlet header B.
在上述激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器中,微通道结构两端设置有流体汇集槽;其中,流体工质出口A和流体工质出口B分别与微通道结构两端的流体汇集槽直接连通。In the above-mentioned laser crystal direct flush cooling type microchannel radiator, both ends of the microchannel structure are provided with fluid collecting grooves; wherein, the fluid working medium outlet A and the fluid working medium outlet B are respectively directly connected to the fluid collecting grooves at both ends of the microchannel structure.
在上述激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器中,微通道结构的截面长宽比为:1:1~1:20。In the above-mentioned laser crystal direct flush cooling type micro-channel heat sink, the cross-sectional aspect ratio of the micro-channel structure is 1:1 to 1:20.
在上述激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器中,微通道结构的长度为同方向激光板条晶体宽度的1~10倍。In the above-mentioned laser crystal direct flush cooling type micro-channel heat sink, the length of the micro-channel structure is 1-10 times the width of the laser strip crystal in the same direction.
在上述激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器中,流体工质进口、流体工质出口A和流体工质出口B分别设置在盖板层的凸缘上,以减少盖板层的整体重量。In the above-mentioned laser crystal direct flush cooling type microchannel radiator, the fluid working medium inlet, the fluid working medium outlet A and the fluid working medium outlet B are respectively arranged on the flange of the cover layer to reduce the overall weight of the cover layer.
在上述激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器中,微通道层和盖板层之间的配合接触面为平整面,层间采用铺料焊接密封方式或胶接密封方式,形成一体化结构。In the above-mentioned laser crystal direct flush cooling type microchannel heat sink, the mating contact surface between the microchannel layer and the cover plate layer is a flat surface, and the layers are welded and sealed by paving or glued to form an integrated structure.
在上述激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器中,微通道层和盖板层之间的配合接触面上设置有一子母槽,用于两层之间的定位、焊接和密封;其中,子槽设置在微通道层上,母槽设置在盖板层上;或母槽设置在微通道层上,子槽设置在盖板层上。In the above-mentioned laser crystal direct flush cooling type micro-channel heat sink, a sub-mother groove is provided on the mating contact surface between the micro-channel layer and the cover layer, which is used for positioning, welding and sealing between the two layers; wherein, the sub-groove It is arranged on the micro-channel layer, and the mother groove is arranged on the cover plate layer; or the mother groove is arranged on the micro-channel layer, and the sub-channel is arranged on the cover plate layer.
在上述激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器中,微通道层的侧边延长段形成侧耳结构,侧耳结构上开有螺栓孔,用于上、下两组微通道散热器与激光板条晶体粘合后的整体加固。In the above-mentioned laser crystal direct flushing cooling type microchannel radiator, the side extension of the microchannel layer forms a side lug structure, and the side lug structure is provided with bolt holes, which are used for the upper and lower groups of the microchannel radiator to adhere to the laser slat crystal. The overall reinforcement after the combination.
本发明具有以下优点:The present invention has the following advantages:
(1)本发明公开了一种激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器,采用上、下两组结构相同的微通道散热器,为激光板条晶体上下两侧散热。盖板层上的流体工质进口设置于中部,流体工质进入微通道散热器后直接垂直冲刷激光板条晶体所在位置,在此处冷流体具有很强的带热能力,将激光板条晶体集中散热区域迅速冷却,流体工质垂直冲刷后向微通道结构两侧流动,流动转折会引起局部湍流扰动,因此直冲区域有较高的局部传热系数。同时,微通道结构大大强化了传热能力,流体工质的属性和流动工作参数可根据整体散热量、空间环境选取,实现微通道结构内流体工质单相流动或两相流动。下微通道层的下部与激光板条晶体接触后,热量同时横向范围,因此本发明能更好地利用长通道结构,提升流体工质整体吸热量。(1) The present invention discloses a laser crystal direct flush cooling type micro-channel radiator, which adopts two sets of upper and lower micro-channel radiators with the same structure to dissipate heat for the upper and lower sides of the laser slat crystal. The fluid working medium inlet on the cover layer is set in the middle. After the fluid working medium enters the micro-channel radiator, it directly scours the position of the laser slat crystal vertically. Here, the cold fluid has a strong heat-carrying ability, and the laser slat crystal is The concentrated heat dissipation area is rapidly cooled, and the fluid working medium flows to both sides of the microchannel structure after vertical scouring. The flow turning will cause local turbulent disturbance, so the direct rushing area has a higher local heat transfer coefficient. At the same time, the microchannel structure greatly enhances the heat transfer capacity, and the properties and flow parameters of the fluid working medium can be selected according to the overall heat dissipation and space environment, so as to realize single-phase flow or two-phase flow of the fluid working medium in the microchannel structure. After the lower part of the lower microchannel layer is in contact with the laser slat crystal, the heat spreads laterally at the same time, so the present invention can better utilize the long channel structure to improve the overall heat absorption of the fluid working medium.
(2)本发明公开了一种激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器,高热流密度区域直冲式的快速换热特征,使得与微通道层底面接触的激光板条晶体表面温度差异减小。而在微通道层的长度方向上,横向热扩展显著,微通道层内流体工质顺流吸热,使得微通道散热器底面整体温差较小。因此,本发明能够在各方向上提高激光板条晶体表面及微通道散热器面上的温度的均匀性。(2) The present invention discloses a laser crystal flush cooling type micro-channel radiator, the high heat flux density area flush type fast heat exchange feature, so that the surface temperature difference of the laser strip crystal in contact with the bottom surface of the micro channel layer is reduced. In the length direction of the microchannel layer, the lateral thermal expansion is significant, and the fluid working medium in the microchannel layer absorbs heat downstream, so that the overall temperature difference on the bottom surface of the microchannel radiator is small. Therefore, the present invention can improve the uniformity of the temperature on the surface of the laser slab crystal and the surface of the microchannel heat sink in all directions.
(3)本发明公开了一种激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器,结构的整体宽度与激光板条晶体宽度相当。本发明的长条形设计,整体结构紧凑,此外盖板层上中部的工质进出口采用凸缘设计,有效减少了整体重量。上、下两组微通道散热器与激光板条晶体粘结后,通过侧耳和螺栓进一步加固,从而消除在地面、空间载荷等条件下由于长期热膨胀及外部振动引起的结构松动、流体工质泄露等风险。(3) The present invention discloses a laser crystal direct flush cooling type micro-channel heat sink, and the overall width of the structure is equivalent to the width of the laser strip crystal. The strip-shaped design of the present invention has a compact overall structure, and the inlet and outlet of the working medium in the upper and middle part of the cover layer are designed with flanges, which effectively reduces the overall weight. After the upper and lower groups of microchannel radiators are bonded to the laser slat crystal, they are further reinforced by side lugs and bolts, thereby eliminating structural loosening and fluid leakage caused by long-term thermal expansion and external vibration under ground and space loads. and other risks.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例中一种激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器的主视图;Fig. 1 is the front view of a kind of laser crystal direct flush cooling type micro-channel heat sink in the embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例中一种激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器的侧视图;2 is a side view of a laser crystal direct flush cooling type microchannel heat sink in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例中一种微通道层的结构主视和俯视图;3 is a structural front view and a top view of a microchannel layer in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例中一种盖板层的结构主视和俯视图。4 is a front view and a top view of the structure of a cover plate layer in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明公开的实施方式作进一步详细描述。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本发明的核实思想之一在于:提供一种激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器,包括:激光板条晶体和上、下两组结构相同的微通道散热器;单侧微通道散热器为两层结构,包括微通道层和盖板层;微通道层内部设有微通道结构,盖板层为微通道层提供流体工质的进出口通道。流体工质从盖板层的中部进入微通道散热器,对微通道层底面的激光板条晶体集中散热区域高速直冲、快速冷却,同时微通道结构强化了流体工质传热,具有较高的局部传热系数。流体工质进入微通道层后,沿着微通道向两侧流动,同时带走激光板条晶体在底面上扩散热量,大大减弱了微通道层和激光板条晶体表面的温度分布差异。结构的整体宽度与激光板条晶体在通光方向上的宽度相当,满足在激光板条晶体宽度方向布置有激光系统其他组件而形成的狭窄空间的限制。上下两组微通道散热器共同工作,在激光板条晶体上下两侧同时吸热,满足了在受限空间内小尺寸激光板条晶体内的高功率散热要求。One of the verification ideas of the present invention is to provide a laser crystal direct flush cooling type microchannel radiator, including: a laser slat crystal and two sets of upper and lower microchannel radiators with the same structure; a single-sided microchannel radiator is two The layer structure includes a microchannel layer and a cover plate layer; a microchannel structure is arranged inside the microchannel layer, and the cover plate layer provides the inlet and outlet channels of the fluid working medium for the microchannel layer. The fluid working medium enters the micro-channel radiator from the middle of the cover plate layer, and the laser slat crystals on the bottom surface of the micro-channel layer are concentrated and cooled at a high speed. the local heat transfer coefficient. After the fluid enters the microchannel layer, it flows to both sides along the microchannel, and at the same time, it takes away the heat diffusing the laser slab crystal on the bottom surface, which greatly reduces the temperature distribution difference between the microchannel layer and the surface of the laser slab crystal. The overall width of the structure is equivalent to the width of the laser slat crystal in the light-passing direction, which satisfies the limitation of the narrow space formed by arranging other components of the laser system in the width direction of the laser slat crystal. The upper and lower groups of micro-channel radiators work together to absorb heat on the upper and lower sides of the laser slat crystal at the same time, which meets the high-power heat dissipation requirements in the small-sized laser slat crystal in a confined space.
如图1~4,在本实施例中,该激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器,包括:激光板条晶体1、上微通道散热器21和下微通道散热器22。其中,上微通道散热器21和下微通道散热器22为结构相同的微通道散热器;激光板条晶体1的上下散热面分别与上微通道散热器21和下微通道散热器22的底部吸热面结合。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , in this embodiment, the laser crystal is flush-cooled with a microchannel radiator, including: a
优选的,以单侧微通道散热器为例进行说明:微通道散热器为两层结构,具体可以包括:微通道层3和盖板层4。其中,微通道层3底面为吸热面,与激光板条晶体1结合;微通道层3内部设有微通道结构5;盖板层4与微通道层3紧密配合,并为微通道层3提供流体工质的进出口通道。Preferably, a single-sided micro-channel heat sink is used as an example for description: the micro-channel heat sink has a two-layer structure, which may specifically include: a
在本实施例中,盖板层4的中部设置有流体工质进口6和进口集箱7,流体工质进口6通过进口集箱7与微通道结构5连通;也即,流体工质从流体工质进口6进入微通道散热器,经进口集箱7进入微通道结构5中部,此处为激光板条晶体1的集中散热区域。In this embodiment, a fluid working
进一步的,盖板层4的两侧对称设置有流体工质出口A8、流体工质出口B9、出口集箱A10和出口集箱B11,流体工质出口A8通过出口集箱A10与微通道结构5连通,流体工质出口B9通过出口集箱B11与微通道结构5连通。Further, two sides of the
可见,在本实施例中,流体工质对集中散热区域形成垂直直冲的冷却方式,具有较好的带热能力。流体工质对集中散热区域冲刷后,经过微通道结构5向微通道层3的两端流动,汇集到出口集箱A10和出口集箱B11后,经过盖板层4两侧对称设置的流体工质出口A8和流体工质出口B9流出微通道散热器。It can be seen that, in this embodiment, the fluid working medium forms a vertical direct-injection cooling method for the concentrated heat dissipation area, which has a good heat-carrying capability. After the fluid working medium scours the concentrated heat dissipation area, it flows through the
进一步的,流体工质进口6、流体工质出口A8和流体工质出口B9分别设置在盖板层4的凸缘上,可以减少盖板层4的整体重量。Further, the fluid working
在本实施例中,微通道结构5两端设置有流体汇集槽12。其中,流体工质出口A8和流体工质出口B9分别与微通道结构5两端的流体汇集槽12直接连通。可见,增加流体汇集槽12后,盖板层4上的流体工质出口A8和流体工质出口B9与微通道结构5上的流体汇集槽12直接连通。流体汇集槽12也便于微通道结构5的加工。In this embodiment, both ends of the
在本实施例中,微通道结构5可以为矩形微通道,截面长宽比可以为:1:1~1:20;微通道结构5也可以为梯形、三角形、圆弧形等异形微通道,截面等效长宽比可以为:1:1~1:20;微通道结构5的走向相同(可以为平行直线、曲线或折线形式),间距可为均匀或非均匀布置;微通道结构5的长度可以为同方向激光板条晶体1宽度的1~10倍。In this embodiment, the
在本实施例中,微通道层3和盖板层4之间的配合接触面为平整面,层间采用铺料焊接密封方式或胶接密封方式,形成一体化结构,层间传热效果好,整体散热功率高。In this embodiment, the mating contact surface between the
在本实施例中,可以在微通道层3和盖板层4之间的配合接触面上设置一子母槽,用于两层之间的定位、焊接和密封。其中,子槽13设置在微通道层3上,母槽14设置在盖板层4上;或母槽14设置在微通道层3上,子槽13设置在盖板层4上。In this embodiment, a sub-mother groove may be provided on the mating contact surface between the
在本实施例中,微通道层3的侧边延长段形成侧耳结构15,侧耳结构15上开有螺栓孔,用于上、下两组微通道散热器与激光板条晶体1粘合后的整体加固。In this embodiment, the lateral extension of the
综上所述,本发明公开了一种激光晶体直冲冷却式微通道散热器,采用上、下两组结构相同的微通道散热器,为激光板条晶体上下两侧散热。盖板层上的流体工质进口设置于中部,流体工质进入微通道散热器后高速垂直冲刷激光板条晶体所在位置,将激光板条晶体集中散热区域迅速冷却,流体工质垂直冲刷后向微通道结构两侧流动,流动转折具有较好湍流扰动性,因此直冲区域有较高的局部传热系数。同时,直冲式冷却的快速换热特征,也使得与微通道层底面接触的激光板条晶体表面温度差异减小,微通道散热器底面和激光板条晶体表面具有较好的温度均匀性。In summary, the present invention discloses a laser crystal direct flush cooling type micro-channel radiator, which adopts two sets of upper and lower micro-channel radiators with the same structure to dissipate heat for the upper and lower sides of the laser slat crystal. The fluid working medium inlet on the cover layer is set in the middle. After the fluid working medium enters the micro-channel radiator, it scours the position of the laser slat crystal vertically at high speed, and the laser slat crystal is concentrated and cooled rapidly in the heat dissipation area. The flow on both sides of the microchannel structure has good turbulent disturbance at the flow turning point, so the straight-through region has a high local heat transfer coefficient. At the same time, the rapid heat exchange feature of the direct-flush cooling also reduces the temperature difference between the surface of the laser strip crystal in contact with the bottom surface of the microchannel layer, and the bottom surface of the microchannel heat sink and the surface of the laser strip crystal have better temperature uniformity.
本发明虽然已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并不是用来限定本发明,任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可以利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出可能的变动和修改,因此,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can use the methods and technical contents disclosed above to improve the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The technical solutions are subject to possible changes and modifications. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention belong to the technical solutions of the present invention. protected range.
本发明说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员的公知技术。Contents that are not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.
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