CN114188803A - Liquid cooling device for large-size slab laser crystal - Google Patents
Liquid cooling device for large-size slab laser crystal Download PDFInfo
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- CN114188803A CN114188803A CN202111532600.9A CN202111532600A CN114188803A CN 114188803 A CN114188803 A CN 114188803A CN 202111532600 A CN202111532600 A CN 202111532600A CN 114188803 A CN114188803 A CN 114188803A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S3/0407—Liquid cooling, e.g. by water
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S3/042—Arrangements for thermal management for solid state lasers
Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid cooling device for a large-size slab laser crystal, which comprises two fluid cavity structural members for coating the slab laser crystal, wherein the two fluid cavity structural members are both provided with a water inlet end and a water outlet end; the two fluid cavity structural parts have symmetry, the parameters of the water flow and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange of the two large surfaces are completely the same, two mirror-image and same water channel channels are respectively formed on the two large surfaces of the cladding slab laser crystal, and the accumulated heat is taken away by guiding the cooling water flow to pass through the pumping light action area at high speed; the fluid cavity structure comprises a proportional water separator, a flow guide channel, a water storage transition cavity and a fluid reducing injection window. The device can effectively control the temperature field distribution of the crystal, reduce the overall temperature level, and efficiently cool the high-power slab laser amplifier crystal with high quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a liquid cooling device for a large-size slab laser crystal.
Background
With the development of solid laser technology and the improvement of the requirements of people on laser indexes, the requirements of high power, high beam quality and the like become the light source performance indexes pursued by more application systems, and the corresponding requirements are laser thermal management technologies with higher requirements. The cooling of the laser crystal is the key in the cooling of the system, and is not only related to the normal operation of the system, but also one of the important factors influencing high beam quality and high power. The cooling requirement of the laser crystal is not only in the whole temperature level of the crystal, but also more in the temperature uniformity of the crystal, the temperature uniformity is directly reflected by temperature gradient, the gradient is large, the thermal stress is large, and the following harmful effects of stress birefringence, thermal focal length, depolarization loss and the like are larger. It is known that, for slab laser crystal, as an amplifier gain medium, the zigzag optical path transmission form is a very effective means for thermal effect integral cancellation, but this is only to cancel the thermal effect of zigzag optical path perpendicular to the transmission direction (i.e. the direction perpendicular to the whole direction of the amplified light in the optical path plane), and there is no cancellation effect on the thermal effect caused by the non-uniform thermal gradient perpendicular to the zigzag plane, so that ensuring the thermal uniformity of crystal in this direction is more important in the thermal control of crystal.
In the existing crystal cooling technology, no matter for a laser rod or a slab-shaped laser crystal, only the macroscopic injection power of the crystal is considered, namely, the injection light power x (1- "light-light" efficiency) is satisfied as the liquid cooling power, when a cooling system only considers the dimension of energy-power, the cooling of a gain medium can be completed as a whole, but the situation of uneven heat distribution is easy to occur in details, for the rod-shaped crystal, for example, the distribution of non-concentric circular isotherms in a similar circular cross section, and for the slab-shaped crystal, the distribution of multi-dimension in a light-passing cross section is uneven. Under the influence of the temperature field distribution, the amplified signal light can generate uneven distortion due to the action of uneven refractive indexes in different directions and the like, and finally, light spots output by the rear end of the amplifier are seriously deformed, so that the quality of the final output laser beam is greatly influenced, the phenomena that the overall cooling performance is good, the temperature level of an observation point crystal is normal, but the quality of the laser output beam is poor are caused, the temperature distribution in the crystal is uneven, the thermal strain change is complex, and the traditional cooling modes such as immersion type full-cavity cooling and solid conduction cooling (wherein a micro channel and a macro channel are provided) can bring different problems of fluid, temperature and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquid cooling device for a large-size slab laser crystal, which can effectively control the temperature field distribution of the crystal, reduce the overall temperature level, and efficiently cool the high-power slab laser amplifier crystal with high quality.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a liquid cooling device for a large-size slab laser crystal comprises two fluid cavity structural members for coating the slab laser crystal, wherein the two fluid cavity structural members are respectively provided with a water inlet end and a water outlet end, and cooling liquid can enter cooling working areas on two side faces of the slab laser crystal in equal parts after entering the two fluid cavity structural members from the water inlet ends;
the two fluid cavity structural parts have symmetry, the parameters of the water flow and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange of the two large surfaces are completely the same, two mirror-image and same water channel channels are respectively formed on the two large surfaces of the cladding slab laser crystal, and the accumulated heat is taken away by guiding the cooling water flow to pass through the pumping light action area at high speed;
each fluid cavity structure includes a proportional water separator, a flow guide channel, a water storage transition cavity and a fluid reducing injection window, wherein:
the proportional water separator controls the flow of water flow on two large surfaces of the cladding lath laser crystal by adjusting a water separating valve connected with the rear end of the main water inlet pipeline, so as to control the cooling capacity of the water flow on the two large surfaces; when the slab laser crystal has temperature distribution deviation in the direction vertical to the two major surfaces, the flow of cooling liquid at the two sides is controlled through the proportional water separator, the deviated temperature distribution is compensated, so as to control the state of symmetry in the middle, and the thermal distribution of the crystal is optimized;
the water storage transition cavity is positioned at the water inlet end and used for caching inlet water;
one end of the flow guide channel is connected with the water storage transition cavity, and the other end of the flow guide channel is connected with the fluid reducing injection window;
the fluid reducing injection window is of an arc-shaped water guide structure, and before high-speed water flow enters a working area from the flow guide channel and contacts with the side face of the slab laser crystal, the included angle between a fluid flow vector and the surface of the slab laser crystal is reduced through the arc-shaped water guide structure, and the adverse vibration influence on the slab laser crystal caused by fluid dynamic pressure loss and fluid impact is controlled.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the device can effectively control the temperature field distribution of the crystal, reduce the overall temperature level, efficiently cool the high-power slab laser amplifier crystal with high quality, and provide certain economical efficiency, manufacturability, reliability and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a liquid cooling apparatus for a slab laser crystal of large size according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a fluid chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a proportional water separator in a fluid chamber structure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal forced convection cooling technique according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and this does not limit the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a large-size slab laser crystal liquid cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the device includes two fluid cavity structural members for cladding a slab laser crystal, each of the two fluid cavity structural members is provided with a water inlet end and a water outlet end, and a cooling liquid enters the two fluid cavity structural members from the water inlet end and then can enter cooling working areas on two side surfaces of the slab laser crystal;
the two fluid cavity structural parts have symmetry, the parameters of the water flow and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange of the two large surfaces are completely the same, two mirror-image and same water channel channels are respectively formed on the two large surfaces of the cladding slab laser crystal, and the accumulated heat is taken away by guiding the cooling water flow to pass through the pumping light action area at high speed; in the concrete implementation, because the pump light at two sides is the same and the slab laser crystal is uniformly doped, the crystal heating field has a central symmetry rule, and the cooling liquid on two large surfaces has the same and uniform flow field by designing a flow guide structure;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a fluid cavity structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic view of a proportional water distributor in the fluid cavity structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and with reference to fig. 2 and 3, each fluid cavity structure includes a proportional water distributor, a flow guide channel, a water storage transition cavity, and a fluid variable-diameter injection window, where:
the proportional water separator controls the flow of water flow on two large surfaces of the cladding lath laser crystal by adjusting a water separating valve connected with the rear end of the main water inlet pipeline, so as to control the cooling capacity of the water flow on the two large surfaces; when the slab laser crystal has temperature distribution deviation in the direction vertical to the two major surfaces, the flow of cooling liquid at the two sides is controlled through the proportional water separator, the deviated temperature distribution is compensated, so as to control the state of symmetry in the middle, and the thermal distribution of the crystal is optimized;
the water storage transition cavity is positioned at the water inlet end and used for caching inlet water;
one end of the flow guide channel is connected with the water storage transition cavity, and the other end of the flow guide channel is connected with the fluid reducing injection window;
the fluid reducing injection window is of an arc-shaped water guide structure, and before high-speed water flow enters a working area from the flow guide channel and contacts with the side face of the slab laser crystal, the included angle between a fluid flow vector and the surface of the slab laser crystal is reduced through the arc-shaped water guide structure, and the adverse vibration influence on the slab laser crystal caused by fluid dynamic pressure loss and fluid impact is controlled.
In the concrete realization, divide into rivers that the device formed water route passageway and annotate inlet section, turbulent flow field buffer segment, passageway cross-section compressed water flow accelerating section, nearly tangential arc water guide baffle, narrow cross-section laminar flow direct convection heat transfer section and export section, wherein:
the high-speed fluid passing through the turbulent flow field buffer section and the channel section compressed water flow acceleration section achieves uniformity in the flow field of the narrow-section laminar flow direct convection heat exchange section, so that not only is a uniform cooling effect provided, but also good passing of pumping light is ensured;
the flow field is in the states of main stream laminar flow and boundary layer turbulent flow by controlling the flow velocity of fluid in the narrow-section laminar flow direct convection heat exchange section, the uniformity of the whole heat exchange is ensured by utilizing the characteristic of uniform flow field of the main stream laminar flow, the heat exchange speed of the boundary layer is improved by utilizing the state of the boundary layer turbulent flow field, and the whole heat exchange efficiency is improved;
in the concrete implementation, the heat exchange efficiency of the fluid can be increased for the crystal part with high power, the heat exchange efficiency can be properly reduced for the part with low power, the temperature distribution of the crystal is effectively controlled, and the cold and hot matching state is realized.
The device employs a longitudinal forced convection cooling technique, and as shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal forced convection cooling technique according to the embodiment of the present invention, in the portion of the heat exchange area close to the slab laser crystal surface in the plane perpendicular to the zigzag beam, the flow field in this direction has a uniformity in terms of flow velocity, thickness, flow state (laminar flow, or turbulent flow), flow vector direction (which should be substantially along the crystal length direction and the seed light propagation direction, i.e., the so-called longitudinal direction, by design);
the temperature field uniformity of the slab laser crystal perpendicular to the zigzag optical path plane can be kept by applying the strategy, and meanwhile, the poor thermal effect in the zigzag plane of the slab laser crystal can be effectively counteracted in an integral mode by combining with the zigzag optical path arrangement scheme, so that the distortion in two-dimensional (y and z) directions perpendicular to the transmission plane is well controlled in the seed light transmission process. The only thermal gradient that exists is the effect in the x-direction due to the fluid warming, which has little effect on the beam quality.
In addition, because the liquid thickness of the flow field in the heat exchange working area is millimeter magnitude, the thickness is generally kept between 0.6 mm and 1.2mm according to analysis and experience, and the cross section of the flow channel is a rectangular cross section with the side length slightly larger than the width of the crystal in the z direction, and the flow channel can be divided into macro channels in scale, so that the flow channel has excellent characteristics in the aspect of fluid resistance, and the obvious burden on a fluid driving unit is avoided. In addition, compared with the immersed full-cavity cooling scheme in the prior art, the fluid vector is almost parallel to the light beam transmission plane, the heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency of the heat exchange fluid is high, unnecessary flow loss is avoided, the pumping volume of the fluid is greatly reduced, and the liquid pressure of the system and the working pressure of a circulating power device are reduced.
In addition, a certain roughness can be actively introduced into the pumping light injection window and two large surfaces of the cladding slab laser crystal, namely two planes in contact with the cooling liquid, under the condition of meeting the requirement of light transmission, the turbulent flow intensity in the boundary layer is enhanced by utilizing the rough surface of the micro structure, the turbulent flow heat exchange is enhanced, and a foundation is laid for an ideal heat exchange flow field for generating main flow laminar flow and boundary layer turbulent flow in the whole flow field working area.
It is noted that those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments of the present invention are not described in detail herein.
In conclusion, the device provided by the embodiment of the invention has good assembly manufacturability and sealing reliability, is suitable for industrialized module production, and can effectively control fluid dynamic pressure loss, reduce flow resistance, improve fluid heat and mass transfer efficiency, reduce working fluid volume, reduce system cost and structural sealing pressure, and reduce working pressure of a circulating power device; meanwhile, by adopting a fluid technology of longitudinal forced convection cooling, the flow field vector is changed, the flow field distribution is controlled, the flow field quality is optimized, and a high-quality and high-efficiency heat exchange process is realized.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims. The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A liquid cooling device for a large-size slab laser crystal is characterized by comprising two fluid cavity structural members for coating the slab laser crystal, wherein the two fluid cavity structural members are respectively provided with a water inlet end and a water outlet end, and cooling liquid can enter cooling working areas on two side faces of the slab laser crystal respectively in equal parts after entering the two fluid cavity structural members from the water inlet ends;
the two fluid cavity structural parts have symmetry, the parameters of the water flow and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange of the two large surfaces are completely the same, two mirror-image and same water channel channels are respectively formed on the two large surfaces of the cladding slab laser crystal, and the accumulated heat is taken away by guiding the cooling water flow to pass through the pumping light action area at high speed;
each fluid cavity structure includes a proportional water separator, a flow guide channel, a water storage transition cavity and a fluid reducing injection window, wherein:
the proportional water separator controls the flow of water flow on two large surfaces of the cladding lath laser crystal by adjusting a water separating valve connected with the rear end of the main water inlet pipeline, so as to control the cooling capacity of the water flow on the two large surfaces; when the slab laser crystal has temperature distribution deviation in the direction vertical to the two major surfaces, the flow of cooling liquid at the two sides is controlled through the proportional water separator, the deviated temperature distribution is compensated, so as to control the state of symmetry in the middle, and the thermal distribution of the crystal is optimized;
the water storage transition cavity is positioned at the water inlet end and used for caching inlet water;
one end of the flow guide channel is connected with the water storage transition cavity, and the other end of the flow guide channel is connected with the fluid reducing injection window;
the fluid reducing injection window is of an arc-shaped water guide structure, and before high-speed water flow enters a working area from the flow guide channel and contacts with the side face of the slab laser crystal, the included angle between a fluid flow vector and the surface of the slab laser crystal is reduced through the arc-shaped water guide structure, and the adverse vibration influence on the slab laser crystal caused by fluid dynamic pressure loss and fluid impact is controlled.
2. The liquid cooling device for the large-size slab laser crystal according to claim 1, wherein a waterway channel formed by the device is divided into a water flow injection inlet section, a turbulent flow field buffering section, a channel section compressed water flow accelerating section, a near tangential arc water guide baffle, a narrow section laminar flow direct convection heat exchange section and an outlet section, wherein:
the high-speed fluid passing through the turbulent flow field buffer section and the channel section compressed water flow acceleration section achieves uniformity in the flow field of the narrow-section laminar flow direct convection heat exchange section, so that not only is a uniform cooling effect provided, but also good passing of pumping light is ensured;
the flow velocity of fluid in the narrow-section laminar flow direct convection heat exchange section is controlled, so that the flow field is in a state of mainstream laminar flow and boundary layer turbulent flow, the uniformity of overall heat exchange is ensured by utilizing the characteristic of uniform flow field of the mainstream laminar flow, the heat exchange speed of the boundary layer is improved by utilizing the state of the turbulent flow field of the boundary layer, and the overall heat exchange efficiency is improved.
3. The liquid cooling apparatus for slab laser crystals of large size as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus employs a longitudinal forced convection cooling technique, and the heat exchange area portion adjacent to the slab laser crystal surface in the direction perpendicular to the zigzag beam plane has a uniformity of flow field along the direction, the uniformity being in terms of flow velocity, thickness, flow conditions, flow vector direction;
the temperature field uniformity of the slab laser crystal perpendicular to the zigzag optical path plane can be kept by applying the strategy, and meanwhile, the poor thermal effect in the zigzag plane of the slab laser crystal can be effectively counteracted in an integral mode by combining with the zigzag optical path arrangement scheme, so that the distortion in the two-dimensional direction perpendicular to the transmission plane is well controlled in the seed light transmission process.
4. The liquid cooling apparatus for a large-size slab laser crystal according to claim 1,
certain roughness is actively introduced to two large faces of a pumping light injection window and a cladding lath laser crystal under the condition of meeting the requirement of light transmission, and turbulent flow heat exchange is enhanced by utilizing the turbulent flow intensity in a rough surface enhanced boundary layer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111532600.9A CN114188803A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Liquid cooling device for large-size slab laser crystal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111532600.9A CN114188803A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Liquid cooling device for large-size slab laser crystal |
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| CN114188803A true CN114188803A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107314701A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-03 | 无锡马山永红换热器有限公司 | Protecting against shock water cooler |
| CN111293579A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-16 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Double-sided water cooling device for lath laser crystal |
| CN111313213A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-06-19 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Direct liquid cooling laser gain device based on split type runner |
| CN112670805A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-16 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Laser crystal direct-impact cooling type micro-channel radiator |
-
2021
- 2021-12-15 CN CN202111532600.9A patent/CN114188803A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107314701A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-03 | 无锡马山永红换热器有限公司 | Protecting against shock water cooler |
| CN111313213A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-06-19 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Direct liquid cooling laser gain device based on split type runner |
| CN111293579A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-16 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Double-sided water cooling device for lath laser crystal |
| CN112670805A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-16 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Laser crystal direct-impact cooling type micro-channel radiator |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 何建国;李明;貊泽强;王金舵;余锦;代守军;陈艳中;葛文琦;刘洋;凡炼文;: "高功率板条激光介质的纵向强制对流换热技术", 红外与激光工程, vol. 49, no. 09, pages 20200556 - 1 * |
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