CN112640900B - Food attractant for preventing and controlling fruit flies - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a food attractant for preventing and controlling fruit flies, and belongs to the field of plant protection. The food attractant comprises the following components: fruit fly food attractant, insect pest toxic component, water regulator, adhesion promoter, stabilizer and smell slow-release agent; the method is characterized in that: the components are as follows by mass percent: the fruit fly food attractant comprises 25-70% of fruit fly food attractant, 0.01-4% of toxic pest components, 12-30% of water regulator, 2-6% of adhesion promoter, 2-7% of stabilizer, 0.5-5% of smell slow-release agent and the balance of water. The food attractant formed according to the components is shaped into a solid paste, can be directly smeared on the branches and leaves of a host crop endangered by the fruit flies to attract target fruit flies to eat, has strong trapping effect on male and female insects of the fruit flies, has the characteristics of long lasting period, greenness, safety and strong field applicability, and can meet the control requirement of the fruit fly pests in the field.

Description

Food attractant for preventing and controlling fruit flies

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of plant protection, and particularly relates to a food attractant for preventing and controlling fruit flies.

Background

The trypetid pests belong to Diptera (Diptera) and trypetidae (Tephritidae), and are important pests which cause serious loss to fruit and vegetable crops. The four fruit fly pests including citrus fruit fly, melon fruit fly, citrus fruit fly and south Asia fruit fly are common in China, eggs of the 4 fruit flies are usually laid on the surface or internal tissues of fruits by adults, and the fruits are eaten by the larvae after being hatched, so that the problems of fruit yellowing, deformity, rot, falling and the like are often caused. The egg laying amount of different species of the fruit flies is different, but the average egg laying amount of the fruit flies in the adult period is up to 400-1000 in total, so the harm of the fruit flies is reduced, and the best mode for preventing and controlling the fruit flies is to trap and kill the female flies in the eclosion period of the fruit fly adult.

At present, the main technical method for controlling the fruit flies is a food attractant, and the principle of the product is that the fruit flies are induced to eat and killed by nutrient substances and toxic substances by utilizing the habit that the fruit flies need to be quickly supplemented with nutrition after eclosion. Such as: publication No. CN101692836B discloses a slow-release attractant for Bactrocera minax and application thereof. The fruit fly generation areas in China are mainly distributed in Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong and the like. The emergence peak period of the fruit flies is concentrated in 5-9 months, and the emergence peak period is just in the rainy season in south. The food trapping agent in the market at present is in a flowable paste or liquid form, the food trapping agent is washed by rainwater and is ineffective after being used in a spraying method, and the food trapping agent is placed in a trap to influence the emission of smell, so that the prevention and treatment effect is low. Particularly in continuous rain weather, the product can not be used at present. Therefore, the products in the prior art have certain defects in use, have limitations and cannot be applied to complicated climatic conditions.

In order to solve the problems, the food attractant for preventing and controlling the fruit flies, which has good trapping effect and strong field adaptability, needs to be developed.

The invention content is as follows:

according to the actual requirements of the four fruit fly prevention and control methods, a novel food attractant for the fruit fly prevention and control is developed, the problems and the defects in the prior art are better overcome, the food attractant is applied to various weather conditions, meanwhile, the food attractant has a strong trapping effect on the female and male insects of the target fruit fly, has the characteristics of long lasting period, greenness, safety and strong field applicability, and can meet the prevention and control requirements of field fruit fly pests.

The technical scheme is as follows:

a food attractant for preventing and controlling fruit flies comprises the following components: fruit fly food attractant, insect pest toxic component, water regulator, adhesion promoter, stabilizer and smell slow-release agent; the method is characterized in that: the components are as follows by mass percent: the fruit fly food attractant comprises 25-70% of fruit fly food attractant, 0.01-4% of toxic pest components, 12-30% of water regulator, 2-6% of adhesion promoter, 2-7% of stabilizer, 0.5-5% of smell slow-release agent and the balance of water. The food attractant formed according to the components is a semi-solid paste or solid paste substance, and can be directly smeared on the branches and leaves of host crops endangered by the fruit flies to attract the fruit flies to eat so as to achieve the aim of preventing and controlling target pests.

Further, the fruit fly food attractant comprises carbohydrate, protein source; wherein the carbohydrate is selected from two or more of fermented sugar, glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, and lactose.

Further, the protein source is one or more of yeast powder, corn steep liquor powder, beef extract and peptone.

The attractant component of the fruit fly food attractant has specific aromatic odor, the odor is selected according to the biological characteristics of fruit fly pests and the types and characteristics of feeding stimulating factors, has specific attraction effect on the fruit fly pests, can attract the fruit fly adults to feed before, and has the total nitrogen content of 0.5-5 percent and the amino acid nitrogen content of 0.2-2 percent.

Further, the toxic components of the pests are one or a mixture of a plurality of components of thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, pymetrozine, chlorfenapyr, spinosad and abamectin.

On the basis of selecting the fruit fly food attractant, the toxic components of the pests are screened, so that the synergism of the fruit fly food attractant can be realized, the attraction effect on the feeding of target pests is increased, the synergistic interaction effect can be realized with the food attractant, the drug effect is accelerated, and the death time of the pests is shortened.

Further, the moisture regulator is a mixture of two components, one component being: one of sodium citrate, sodium acetate and ammonium acetate; the other component is as follows: ethanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, tween 20 and tween 80. The moisture regulator is mainly used for keeping the stability of the relevant shape of the food attractant to adapt to the feeding of fruit flies licking mouthparts.

Furthermore, the adhesion promoter is a mixture of multiple components, wherein one component is a mixture of one or more of carrageenan, konjac glucomannan, agar powder, gellan gum and xanthan gum, and the other component is a mixture of one or two of urea and gel resin. The following problems need to be paid attention to the screening of the adhesion promoters, the food attractant is easy to fall off due to too low viscosity, and the food attractant is not beneficial to the feeding of the fruit flies due to too high viscosity, so that the effect of the food attractant is influenced. In addition, for fruit fly pests, the damage occurs mainly in an environment with a temperature of 25 ℃ or higher, and it is more important to maintain the stability of the viscosity of the food attractant in such an environment. The screened components fully consider the above conditions and meet the relevant requirements.

Further, the stabilizer is a mixture of one or more of potassium sorbate, 1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, triclosan, nisin and n-octyl isothiazolinone. The stabilizer is selected in consideration of the complexity of the field environment when the stabilizer is directly applied, and meanwhile, the combined stabilizer also has the functions of corrosion prevention and sterilization, can inhibit the growth of aerogenic bacteria in the storage period, and can avoid the deterioration of the aerogenic bacteria in the high-temperature environment to influence the effect.

Furthermore, the odor slow-release agent is a mixture of one or more of urea-formaldehyde resin, polyurea, sodium lignosulfonate, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, zeolite molecular sieve, diatomite and kaolin. The odor slow release agent can prolong the release time of the odor of the food attractant through the water regulator, and can increase the slow release capacity of toxic substances, so that the odor is more durable. Meanwhile, the odor slow-release agent and the water regulator are combined to form a two-phase regulating factor, the water content can be automatically regulated according to the climatic conditions, and the stability of the trapping agent is ensured.

Further, the preparation method of the food attractant comprises the following preparation steps, and is characterized in that:

step (1): adding the stabilizer into the fruit fly food attractant dissolved in water, and uniformly stirring;

step (2): adding toxic components and stirring uniformly;

and (3): adding a smell slow-release agent dissolved in water, uniformly stirring, and adding a proper amount of water;

and (4): slowly adding the mixture of the water regulator and the adhesion promoter, and fully stirring.

Wherein, in the step (1), the mixture needs to be fully stirred and is uniform; in the step (4), the mixture of the moisture regulator and the adhesion promoter is slowly added while stirring, and the sufficient stirring time is not less than 2 hours.

By adopting the preparation method, the prepared food attractant is solid paste, is not diluted by water, and can be directly smeared on tissues of branches, vines, stalks, leaves and the like of orchards damaged by the fruit flies to attract and collect food of target pests, thereby realizing the aim of relevant prevention and control.

In conclusion, the food attractant for preventing and controlling the fruit flies is added with the adhesion promoter according to the characteristics of fruit fly pests and a better prevention and control mode, and the food attractant is in a proper viscosity and state by adopting a mixture of a plurality of components, so that the fruit flies can be eaten conveniently; the selection of the types and components of the stabilizing agent not only considers the field applicability, but also considers the possible flatulence of other components of the food attractant in a storage environment and the deterioration of the food attractant in a high-temperature environment, so as to further ensure the control effect of the food attractant; in addition, the ingredient is selected from the slow-release odor agent, and the slow-release odor agent can also react with toxic substances to increase the toxic effect and the duration of toxicity on the basis of realizing the slow release of the odor of the attractant ingredient. The ingredients and contents of the food attractant are prepared according to the preparation method, the formed food attractant is in a semi-solid paste shape or a solid paste shape, can be directly smeared to an area to be controlled, can better attract target fruit flies and realize trapping, has a lasting period of 40 days, is safe and green, and has no trapping or toxic effect on plants, bees and the like.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention thereto.

Example 1:

the food attractant for preventing and controlling the fruit flies comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70% of fruit fly food attractant, wherein the carbohydrate is a mixture of fermented sugar and glucose, and the protein source is a mixture of yeast powder and corn steep liquor powder; the content of the toxic component thiamethoxam of the pests is 0.01 percent; the adhesion promoter is a mixture of carrageenan, konjac glucomannan and urea, the content of the adhesion promoter is 2%, the stabilizer is a mixture of potassium sorbate and 1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, the content of the stabilizer is 2%, the odor slow-release agent is a mixture of urea-formaldehyde resin, polyurea and sodium lignosulfonate, the content of the odor slow-release agent is 0.5%, the mass content of the moisture regulator is 21%, and the balance is water. The water content regulator comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

table 1 moisture control agent the proportioning table units for the different ingredients: is based on

The experimental site: yichang citrus orchard in Hubei province

Time: 5-7 months in 2020

Crop: citrus fruit

And (3) controlling target pests: bactrocera minax (Roxb.) kurz

The food attractant for controlling the fruit flies, which comprises the components and consists of 1 to 8 parts by mass and a control CK, are respectively coated on branches of 1 to 1.5m citrus trees, 8 parts are coated on each mu of citrus orchard at intervals of similar distance, each treatment is repeated for 4 times, and the fruit decay rate is investigated after 40 days, which is specifically shown in the following table.

TABLE 2 fruit decay Rate Using different fruit fly attractants

As can be seen from Table 2:

(1) 1-8 of the food attractant containing the water regulator is used for preventing and controlling the bactrocera minax, and the fruit decay rate is obviously reduced and is less than 8 percent; wherein, the fruit decay rate of the food attractant 1-6 after control is lower than 5 percent, and the fruit decay rate of the food attractant 3 after control is only 1.5 percent. Compared with CK, the attractant without the water regulator obviously improves the fruit decay rate after the control, and the fruit decay rate is 15.4%;

(2) the water regulator plays an important role in the invention, wherein the average fruit decay rate of 3.30% after the food attractant 1-6 of the water regulator combined by two components is obviously smaller than the average fruit decay rate of 6.95% after the food attractant 7-8 of one component water regulator, and the food attractant with the two components as the water regulator is selected to have better control effect.

Example 2:

the food attractant for preventing and controlling the fruit flies comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of fruit fly food attractant, wherein the carbohydrate is a mixture of fructose and lactose, and the protein source is a mixture of yeast powder and peptone; the toxic components of the pests are a mixture of pymetrozine, chlorfenapyr and abamectin, and the mass content is 4%; the water regulator is a mixture of sodium acetate and Tween 20, the mass content is 12%, the content of the adhesion promoter is 4%, the stabilizer is a mixture of triclosan and n-octyl isothiazolinone, the mass content is 7%, the odor slow-release agent is a mixture of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and kieselguhr, the content is 5%, and the balance of water. Wherein, the components of the adhesion promoter and the mass content of the related components are as follows:

table 3 table unit of the ratios of the different components of the adhesion promoter: is based on

The experimental site: guava plantation in northern Guangxi city

Time: 2020, 7-9 months

Crop: guava (fructus Psidii Guajavae Immaturus)

And (3) controlling target pests: citrus fruit fly

Respectively preparing 1-7 of food attractant for preventing and controlling fruit flies and a control CK according to the components and the mass composition, respectively coating the food attractant on branches with the height of 1-1.5m, coating 10 parts of the food attractant for each mu of citrus orchard, wherein the interval distance between every two parts is the same or similar, observing the residual area of the attractant once every 2 weeks as an index for resisting rain wash, and investigating the fruit decay rate after 6 weeks. Each of the above treatments was repeated 4 times and the relevant data was counted, as specified in the table below.

Table 4 rain wash resistance and control effect units for different mixtures of trypetid attractants: is based on

Treatment of	The residual attractant is left after 2 weeks	The residual attractant is left after 4 weeks	The residual attractant is left after 6 weeks	Fruit decay rate after 6 weeks of use
					Food attractant 1	92％	82％	54％	4.2％
Food attractant 2	97％	80％	65％	3.2％
					Food attractant 3	98％	85％	69％	1.1％
Food attractant 4	95％	90％	72％	2.2％
					Food attractant 5	93％	81％	58％	3.6％
Food attractant 6	96％	83％	65％	4.25％
					Food attractant 7	92％	79％	52％	5.8％
Attractant control CK	36％	9％	0	70.36％

The results from table 4 show:

(1) in the aspect of rain erosion resistance: when the fruit fly food attractant 1-7 added with the water regulator is used for controlling citrus fruit flies, under the condition of rain wash, the residual quantity of the attractant after 2 weeks is more than 90%, the residual quantity of the attractant after 4 weeks is 79% -90%, the residual quantity of the attractant after 6 weeks is more than 50%, and the residual quantity of the attractant after 2 weeks is only 36% due to the lack of the adhesion promoter of the attractant control CK, and the residual quantity of the attractant is 0 due to the rain wash after 4 weeks. The adhesion promoter has obvious effect on enhancing the rain wash resistance of the fruit fly trapping and killing agent;

(2) in terms of fruit decay rate: since the food attractant 1-7 has obvious advantages in the aspect of rainwater erosion resistance, the food attractant has obvious advantages in the effect survey of the fruit decay rate after 6 weeks, namely 1.1% -5.8%, and the fruit decay rate after 6 weeks is 70.36% due to the fact that the attractant control CK is flushed by rainwater.

In conclusion, the adhesion promoter with proper components and proportion is screened, so that the adhesion promoter has good effects on improving the rain erosion resistance and the lasting period of a food attractant product, and has obvious advantages on the aspect of reducing the fruit decay rate.

Example 3:

the food attractant for preventing and controlling the fruit flies comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the fruit fly food attractant is 25 percent, wherein the carbohydrate is a mixture of fermented sugar, galactose and cane sugar, and the protein source is a mixture of corn steep liquor powder and beef extract; the toxic component of the pests is a mixture of imidacloprid and spinosad, and the mass content is 2%; the water regulator is a mixture of ammonium acetate and tween 80, the mass content is 30%, the adhesion promoter is a mixture of agar powder, gellan gum and gel resin, the mass content is 6%, the mass content of the stabilizer is 4.5%, the odor slow-release agent is a zeolite molecular sieve, the mass content is 1.5%, and the balance is water. Wherein, the components of the stabilizer and the mass content of the related components are as follows:

table 5 table unit of the ratio of the different components of the stabilizer: is based on

Stabilizer	Potassium sorbate	1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3-ones	Triclosan	Nisin	N-octyl isothiazolinone
						Mixture 1	2	0	0	2.5	0
Mixture 2	0	1	1	1.5	1
						Mixture 3	0	0	0	0	4.5
Mixture 4	0	0.5	3	0.7	0.3
						Mixture 5	1	0.2	0.5	1.7	1.1
Control CK	0	0	0	0	0

The experimental site: luffa planting area in Hannan region of Wuhan city

Time: 8-10 months in 2019

Crop: luffa cylindrica

And (3) controlling target pests: melon fly

Respectively preparing 1-5 food attractant and control CK for preventing and controlling fruit fly according to the components and the mass composition, respectively coating the food attractant and the control CK on branches of luffa vines, coating 10 parts per mu, wherein the interval distance between every two parts is the same or similar, repeating the treatment for 4 times, and counting the fruit decay rate after 30 days, wherein the table is shown in the specification.

TABLE 6 fruit decay Rate Using different mixtures of fruit fly attractants

Unit: % treatment	Rate of fruit decay
		Food attractant 1	5.9％
Food attractant 2	7％
		Food attractant 3	2.5％
Food attractant 4	2.2％
		Food attractant 5	1.9％
Attractant control CK	22.5％

The results from table 6 show:

when the food attractant 1-5 containing the stabilizer is used for preventing and controlling the bactrocera cucurbitae, the fruit decay rate is obviously reduced and is 1.9% -7%, wherein the fruit decay rate after the food attractant 5 is used for preventing and controlling is only 1.9%, and the fruit decay rate after the food attractant is used for preventing and controlling the CK is obviously increased and reaches 22.5% by using the attractant without the stabilizer.

Therefore, the stabilizing agent has good effect on improving the control of the food attractant on target pests and can effectively reduce the fruit decay rate of the target pests under proper components and proportions.

Example 4:

the food attractant for preventing and controlling the fruit flies comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 38% of fruit fly food attractant, wherein the carbohydrate is a mixture of glucose, galactose and sucrose, and the protein source is a mixture of yeast powder, beef extract and peptone; the toxic component of the pests is chlorfenapyr, and the mass content is 0.5 percent; the water regulator is a mixture of sodium citrate and glycerol, and the mass content is 25.5%; the adhesion promoter is a mixture of carrageenan, agar powder, urea and gel resin, the mass content of the adhesion promoter is 3%, the stabilizer is nisin, the mass content of nisin is 4.5%, the mass content of the odor sustained release agent is 3%, and the balance is water. The odor slow-release agent comprises the following components in parts by mass:

table 7 unit of the ratio of different components of the odor release agent: by%

The experimental site: yunan province, Mongolia city

Time: 6-8 months in 2020

Crop: mango (mango)

And (3) controlling target pests: bactrocera dorsalis (Fr.) Kuntze

Respectively preparing 1-7 of food attractant and a control CK for controlling fruit flies according to the components and the mass composition, respectively smearing 10 parts of the food attractant and the control CK on branches of mango trees and 1-1.5m per mu at equal or similar intervals, repeating each treatment for 4 times, and counting the fruit decay rate after 45 days, wherein the table is specifically shown in the following table.

Table 8 fruit decay rate units using different mixtures of fruit fly attractants: is based on

Treatment of	Rate of fruit decay
		Food attractant 1	2.3％
Food attractant 2	3.6％
		Food attractant 3	1.5％
Food attractant 4	2.7％
		Food attractant 5	4.5％
Food attractant 6	5.8％
		Food attractant 7	3.2％
Control	18.2％

The results of Table 8 show

The fruit decay rate of the food attractant 1-7 containing the odor slow-release agent is obviously reduced to 1.5% -5.8% when the food attractant 1-7 is used for preventing and controlling the south Asia fruit flies, wherein the fruit decay rate after the food attractant 3 is used for preventing and controlling is only 1.5%, and the fruit decay rate after the food attractant is used for controlling CK without the stabilizer is obviously increased to 18.2%.

Therefore, the odor sustained-release agent has good effect on improving the control of the target pests by the food attractant under proper components and proportion, and can effectively reduce the fruit decay rate of the target pests.

Example 5:

firstly, 45% of fruit fly food attractant is used, wherein carbohydrate is a mixture of glucose, galactose and sucrose, and a mixture of yeast powder, beef extract and peptone is dissolved in water and fully and uniformly stirred;

secondly, adding nisin with the mass content of 5% into the solution and stirring uniformly;

then adding abamectin with the mass content of 0.1 percent, and stirring uniformly;

then adding a mixture of diatomite and a zeolite molecular sieve which are dissolved in water, wherein the mass content of the mixture is 3 percent, and uniformly stirring;

finally, adding a mixture of a moisture regulator with the mass content of 20% and an adhesion promoter with the mass content of 4%, wherein the moisture regulator is a mixture of sodium citrate and ethanol; the adhesion promoter is a mixture of carrageenan and gel resin, and needs to be slowly added while stirring in the adding process, wherein the stirring time is not less than 2 hours.

The food attractant is prepared according to the steps, and compared with the slow-release attractant for the Bactrocera minax in the prior art, the food attractant has the following relevant information: the experimental site: yunan province, Mongolia city

Time: 8-9 months in 2020

Crop: pomegranate

And (3) controlling target pests: citrus fruit fly

The food attractant mixture for controlling the fruit flies and the slow-release attractant for the citrus fruit flies in the prior art, which are composed of the components and the mass, are respectively coated on the upper twigs of the pomegranate trees, 15 parts are coated per mu, the dosage per mu is 200 g, the interval distance between every two parts is the same or similar, and each treatment is repeated for 2 times.

Prior art 1: the method of spraying the fruit fly trapping and killing agent is adopted, namely: spraying 15 points per mu, each point is 0.5 square meter in size, the dosage per mu is 200 g, and the attractant is diluted and sprayed according to the prior art.

Prior art 2: the method is characterized in that the method that the fruit fly trapping agent is matched with the trap is adopted, 200 g of trapping agent is used per mu, 15 traps are used, and the total amount of the trapping agent is averagely placed in the trap according to the using method.

The number of dead fruit flies collected was cleaned every 7 days after spreading and spraying white plastic film underneath, and the number of dead fruit flies was counted every 7 days after hanging the trap. The rate of fruit decay was investigated every 7 days and continuously observed for 4 weeks. The days of rainy days are accumulated for 18 days.

The following table specifically shows:

table 9 insect attractant effect units using different trypetid attractants: only by

Table 10 fruit decay rate units using different trypetid attractants: is based on

The results in Table 9 show that the fruit fly trapping and killing agent has trapping and killing effects on both female and male insects, and the female insects 877 and the male insects 655 are trapped in a cumulative way in 4 weeks; the lasting period is up to 4 weeks. In the prior art, the slow-release attractant for the Bactrocera minax (Royle) oranges traps 307 female insects and 245 male insects; in the prior art, the slow-release attractant for the bactrocera minax lures 189 female insects and 209 male insects. The insect attracting number of the prior art 1-2 is obviously lower than that of the invention.

The results in Table 10 show that the fruit decay rate is reduced by 18% after 1 week and 1.5% after 4 weeks of use compared with the attractant of the present invention before use. In the case of the prior art 1-2, the fruit decay rate is significantly reduced in the first week and the second week after use, but the fruit decay rate is increased in the third week and the fourth week, and the fruit decay rate is reduced by 3% and 2% in 4 weeks, respectively, and the effect of reducing the fruit decay rate is small.

When the fruit decay rate of the prior art 1-2 is comprehensively analyzed, the fruit decay rate has an obvious relationship with the effective period and the field applicability of the product, the insect-attracting number of the prior art 1 in the third week is obviously reduced due to the erosion of rainwater, while the total insect-attracting amount of the prior art 2 adopting the trap matched with the attractant is obviously lower than that of the invention due to the problem of the odor release of the attractant, the fruit decay rate of the prior art 1 is not greatly changed integrally relative to that before use, and the fruit decay rate is reduced by 12 percent relative to that of 36 percent after the second week and before use.

Therefore, the food attractant for the fruit flies has good field applicability, can resist rain wash and sunshine, has good effect on the prevention and the treatment of target pests, can improve the lasting period of products, and effectively reduces the fruit decay rate of the target pests.

The above description is not meant to be limiting, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, additions, substitutions and limited experimentation can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A food attractant for preventing and controlling fruit flies comprises the following components: fruit fly food attractant, insect pest toxic component, water regulator, adhesion promoter, stabilizer and smell slow-release agent; the method is characterized in that: the components are as follows by mass percent: 25 to 70 percent of fruit fly food attractant, 0.01 to 4 percent of toxic components of pests, 12 to 30 percent of water regulator, 2 to 6 percent of adhesion promoter, 2 to 7 percent of stabilizer, 0.5 to 5 percent of smell slow-release agent and the balance of water; the method is characterized in that: the odor slow-release agent is a mixture of one or more of urea-formaldehyde resin, polyurea, sodium lignosulfonate, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, zeolite molecular sieve, diatomite and kaolin; the adhesion promoter is a mixture of multiple components, wherein one component is a mixture of one or more of carrageenan, konjac glucomannan, agar powder, gellan gum and xanthan gum, and the other component is a mixture of one or two of urea and gel resin; the water regulator is a mixture of two components, wherein one component is as follows: one of sodium citrate, sodium acetate and ammonium acetate; the other component is as follows: one of ethanol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, tween 20 and tween 80; the stabilizer is one or more of potassium sorbate, 1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, triclosan, nisin and n-octyl isothiazolinone.

2. The food attractant of claim 1, wherein: the fruit fly food attractant comprises carbohydrate, protein source; wherein the carbohydrate is a mixture of two or more of glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose or lactose.

3. The food attractant of claim 2, wherein: the protein source is one or more of yeast powder, corn steep liquor powder, beef extract and peptone.

4. The food attractant of claim 1, wherein: the toxic components of the pests are one or a mixture of a plurality of components of thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, pymetrozine, chlorfenapyr, spinosad and abamectin.

5. The method of claim 1, comprising the following steps:

step (1): adding the stabilizer into the fruit fly food attractant dissolved in water, and uniformly stirring;

step (2): adding toxic components and stirring uniformly;

and (3): adding a smell slow-release agent dissolved in water, uniformly stirring, and adding a proper amount of water;

and (4): slowly adding the mixture of the water regulator and the adhesion promoter, and fully stirring.