CN112638979B - 固化性树脂组合物、复合构件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

固化性树脂组合物、复合构件及其制造方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112638979B
CN112638979B CN201980057132.9A CN201980057132A CN112638979B CN 112638979 B CN112638979 B CN 112638979B CN 201980057132 A CN201980057132 A CN 201980057132A CN 112638979 B CN112638979 B CN 112638979B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
polyamide
resin
mass
resin composition
polyamide resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201980057132.9A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN112638979A (zh
Inventor
六田充辉
井口浩文
中村俊明
佐藤直
手塚睦朗
中岛康文
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baoli Plastic Evonik Co ltd
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Baoli Plastic Evonik Co ltd
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baoli Plastic Evonik Co ltd, Honda Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Baoli Plastic Evonik Co ltd
Publication of CN112638979A publication Critical patent/CN112638979A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN112638979B publication Critical patent/CN112638979B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/40Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
    • C08G59/4007Curing agents not provided for by the groups C08G59/42 - C08G59/66
    • C08G59/4014Nitrogen containing compounds
    • C08G59/4028Isocyanates; Thioisocyanates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J175/00Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J175/04Polyurethanes
    • C09J175/12Polyurethanes from compounds containing nitrogen and active hydrogen, the nitrogen atom not being part of an isocyanate group
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/06Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/082Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/085Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/088Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/09Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/095Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/045Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/08Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B25/08Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/16Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising polydienes homopolymers or poly-halodienes homopolymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/16Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin specially treated, e.g. irradiated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/22Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/281Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/285Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyethers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/286Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysulphones; polysulfides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/288Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyketones
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/302Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B32B27/325Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising polycycloolefins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/38Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/42Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/043Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/58Epoxy resins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/58Epoxy resins
    • C08G18/581Reaction products of epoxy resins with less than equivalent amounts of compounds containing active hydrogen added before or during the reaction with the isocyanate component
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/60Polyamides or polyester-amides
    • C08G18/603Polyamides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/77Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
    • C08G18/78Nitrogen
    • C08G18/79Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/798Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing urethdione groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/80Masked polyisocyanates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L63/00Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/06Non-macromolecular additives organic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J175/00Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J175/02Polyureas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J175/00Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J175/04Polyurethanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J177/00Adhesives based on polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J177/02Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/06Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26Polymeric coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0223Vinyl resin fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261Polyamide fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101Glass fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/103Metal fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/102Oxide or hydroxide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/104Oxysalt, e.g. carbonate, sulfate, phosphate or nitrate particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/107Ceramic
    • B32B2264/108Carbon, e.g. graphite particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2270/00Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2274/00Thermoplastic elastomer material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/208Magnetic, paramagnetic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306Resistant to heat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/538Roughness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/714Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/726Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265Non-permeable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00Vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08Cars
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00Vehicles
    • B32B2605/10Trains
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00Vehicles
    • B32B2605/12Ships
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00Vehicles
    • B32B2605/18Aircraft

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Polyamides (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种相对于金属等基材具有高密合性及耐久性的固化性树脂组合物、用该固化性树脂组合物对基材进行涂敷并进行树脂模塑而得到的复合成型构件、以及它们的制造方法。固化性树脂组合物含有聚酰胺类树脂、封端多异氰酸酯以及环氧化合物,上述聚酰胺类树脂具有20~300mmol/kg的氨基浓度,并且在ASTMD 570规定的吸水性试验中具有1质量%以下的吸水率。聚酰胺类树脂具有C8‑18亚烷基链,具有160~250℃的熔点。相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基1摩尔,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基的比例为1.5~5摩尔,环氧化合物的环氧基的比例为0.1~0.8摩尔。

Description

固化性树脂组合物、复合构件及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及对于对金属等基材赋予高密合性及耐久性而言有用的固化性树脂组合物、基材的表面被该固化性树脂组合物的固化膜包覆而成的复合构件、在上述固化膜上成型有树脂层的复合成型构件、以及它们的制造方法。
背景技术
为了提高金属的耐腐蚀性及耐久性等,已进行了通过流动浸渍法、静电涂装等来形成涂敷层。特别是在车辆(汽车等)、飞机等交通工具的结构构件等要求高耐久性的用途中,是对金属进行底涂处理、并将树脂模塑于底涂层(粘接剂层)以实现混合,从而制造混合构件的。
日本特开2007-190917号公报(专利文献1)及对应的美国公开公报US2011/0143142A1中记载了在由金属和聚合物制成的混合构件的制造方法中,利用以共聚聚酰胺为基础且附加地含有异氰酸酯和环氧化物的熔融粘接剂使金属与聚合物结合,且记载了熔融粘接剂含有以月桂内酰胺为基础的共聚聚酰胺、2.5~15%的封端异氰酸酯、以及2.5~10%的环氧化物。该文献中记载了包含Degussa公司的VESTAMELT X1038-P1[含有60%的月桂内酰胺、25%的己内酰胺以及15%的AH盐(含有50%的己二酸和50%的六亚甲基二胺的混合物)](95%)、VESTAGON BF1540-P1(5%)、及Araldite GT7004(5%)的熔融粘接剂,还记载了在最终工序中,通过注塑成型来形成聚合物结构。
将该粘接剂静电涂装并进行加热时,可以形成与金属的密合性高的粘接剂层,通过在该粘接剂层上注塑成型热塑性树脂,可以制造耐久性高的混合构件。
然而,虽然理由尚未明确,但如果将这样形成的混合构件浸渍于热水中,则存在导致密合性降低的情况。另外,如果在粘接剂层上注塑成型热塑性树脂,则有时会在金属与粘接剂层的界面形成空穴。因此,无法长期保持高的耐腐蚀性及耐久性。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2007-190917号公报(权利要求书、[0009]、[0010])
发明内容
发明所要解决的问题
因此,本发明的目的在于提供对于对金属等基材赋予高密合性及耐久性而言有用的固化性树脂组合物、基材表面被该固化性树脂组合物的涂敷层(粘接剂层或固化膜)包覆而成的复合构件、在上述粘接剂层上进行树脂模塑而成的复合成型构件、以及它们的制造方法。
本发明的其它目的在于提供对于形成对金属等基材的密合性高、耐热水性得到改善的粘接剂层(或固化膜)而言有用的固化性树脂组合物、使用了该树脂组合物的复合构件(利用固化性树脂组合物进行了底涂处理的复合构件)、复合成型构件、以及它们的制造方法。
本发明的另一目的在于提供适于即使在高温下对粘接剂层(或固化膜)模塑热塑性树脂也可得到均匀且耐久性高的复合成型构件的固化性树脂组合物。
解决问题的方法
本发明人们对于因将上述混合构件浸渍于热水中而导致密合性降低的原因进行了研究,结果发现:如果在粘接剂层上模塑热塑性树脂,则根据模塑条件不同,容易在金属等基材与熔融粘接剂层的界面生成空穴;熔融粘接剂的聚酰胺类树脂的末端氨基与密合性之间存在很大的关联。本发明人们基于这些见解进一步进行了深入研究,结果发现,如果使用包含具有末端氨基的给定的聚酰胺类树脂、封端多异氰酸酯及环氧化合物的固化性树脂组合物在基材表面形成粘接剂层,则即使在该粘接剂层上模塑(成型)热塑性树脂,对基材的密合性也非常高,而且即使浸渍于热水,也能够切实地得到均匀且耐久性高的模塑构件,从而完成了本发明。
即,本发明的固化性树脂组合物(或反应性树脂组合物)含有聚酰胺类树脂、封端多异氰酸酯、及环氧化合物,上述聚酰胺类树脂包含氨基(例如,末端氨基),而且吸水性低。即,上述聚酰胺类树脂的吸水率在ASTM D570规定的吸水性试验中为1质量%以下(例如,0.75质量%以下、优选为0.65质量%以下、进一步优选为0.3质量%以下)。
上述聚酰胺类树脂包含C8-18亚烷基链(例如,C9-16亚烷基链),聚酰胺类树脂的氨基浓度可以为5~300mmol/kg(例如为20~300mmol/kg、优选为50~250mmol/kg、进一步优选为100~200mmol/kg)左右。聚酰胺类树脂的熔点可以为160~250℃(例如为160~230℃、优选为170~220℃)左右。
相对于形成聚酰胺类树脂的成分(单体)的总量,聚酰胺类树脂可以以65~100摩尔%(例如,70~100摩尔%)的比例包含具有C8-16亚烷基链的成分(例如,具有C10-14亚烷基链的成分)。具体而言,聚酰胺类树脂可以是相对于形成聚酰胺类树脂的成分(单体)的总量以75~100摩尔%(例如,80~100摩尔%)的比例含有选自C11-13内酰胺及C11-13氨基羧酸中的至少一种具有C11-13亚烷基链的成分的均聚或共聚聚酰胺树脂。
上述封端多异氰酸酯可以具有60~110℃的玻璃化转变温度、70~130℃的熔点、及120~200℃的离解温度。另外,上述环氧化合物可以包含软化温度75℃以上的双酚型环氧树脂。
各成分的量的比例可以根据各成分的官能团(反应性基团)的浓度、反应性等进行选择,相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基1摩尔,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基(封端异氰酸酯基)的比例可以是过量的,例如可以为1.5~5摩尔(例如,2~4摩尔)左右。
另外,相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基浓度1摩尔,环氧化合物的环氧基的比例例如可以为0.1~0.8摩尔(例如,0.2~0.7摩尔)左右。
在树脂组合物中,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基(NCO)的浓度(mmol/kg)相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基(NH2)的浓度(mmol/kg)可以是过量的,例如可以过量15~450mmol/kg(例如30~300mmol/kg)左右。相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基的总摩尔数,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基的总摩尔数可以为1.3~50倍(例如,1.5~40倍)。另外,在树脂组合物中,相对于氨基、异氰酸酯基及环氧基的总量(总摩尔数),环氧基的浓度例如可以为3~35摩尔%(例如,5~25摩尔%)左右。
封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基与环氧化合物的羟基(仲羟基)的比例(摩尔比)例如可以为前者/后者=0.6/1~1.4/1左右。
相对于聚酰胺类树脂、封端多异氰酸酯及环氧化合物的总量100质量%,聚酰胺类树脂的量的比例可以为65~90质量%左右,相对于聚酰胺类树脂100质量份,封端多异氰酸酯的比例可以为5~30质量份左右,环氧化合物的比例可以为5~30质量份左右。
本发明也包括包含由固化性树脂组合物(粉末状的组合物等)形成的粘接剂层的复合构件(复合体)及其制造方法。在该复合构件中,在基材(金属基材等)的表面形成有由上述固化性树脂组合物形成的粘接剂层(例如,反应性粘接剂层)。复合构件可以通过对基材的表面利用上述固化性树脂组合物(例如,粉末状的固化性树脂组合物)进行涂敷(例如,静电粉体涂装、流动浸渍涂装等粉体涂装)而形成粘接剂层来制造。
此外,本发明也包括在上述粘接剂层上模塑(成型)或层叠有至少包含热塑性树脂的组合物的复合成型构件(嵌入成型构件或层叠体)及其制造方法。上述热塑性树脂可以包括具有比固化性树脂组合物的聚酰胺类树脂更高的熔点的聚酰胺类树脂。
上述复合成型构件可以在通过形成了上述粘接剂层之后在该粘接剂层上模塑(例如注塑成型)或层叠(或层压)至少包含热塑性树脂的组合物而制造。
需要说明的是,在本说明书中,也包括环氧树脂在内,有时简称为“环氧化合物”,有时将封端多异氰酸酯的被保护的异氰酸酯基简称为“异氰酸酯基”。另外,也包括缩水甘油基在内,有时简称为“环氧基”。
发明的效果
在本发明中,由于使用给定的固化性树脂组合物(粘接性树脂组合物),因此,可以制造被对金属等基材具有高密合性及耐久性的粘接剂层(或固化膜)包覆而成的复合构件,可以通过在上述粘接剂层上模塑或层叠热塑性树脂而制造复合成型构件。另外,利用固化性树脂组合物进行了底涂处理、形成了粘接剂层(或反应性粘接剂层)的复合构件,对于金属等基材的密合性高,耐热水性也可以大幅改善。因此,即使在高温下对粘接剂层(或固化膜)模塑或层叠热塑性树脂,也能够得到均匀且耐久性高的复合成型构件、而不会在金属等基材与粘接剂层的界面生成空穴。
具体实施方式
聚酰胺类树脂包含聚酰胺树脂(包括均聚或共聚聚酰胺树脂)和聚酰胺弹性体(聚酰胺嵌段共聚物),可以由下述(a)~(c)中的任意酰胺形成成分形成。
(a)将亚烷基二胺成分与烷烃二羧酸成分组合而成的第一酰胺形成成分;
(b)包含内酰胺成分及氨基羧酸成分中的至少一种成分的第二酰胺形成成分;
(c)第一酰胺形成成分及第二酰胺形成成分。
即,聚酰胺类树脂可以由上述酰胺形成成分(a)~(c)中的任意成分(第一酰胺形成成分;第二酰胺形成成分;第一酰胺形成成分与第二酰胺形成性成分的组合)形成,聚酰胺弹性体可以使用由上述(a)~(c)中的任意酰胺形成成分形成的聚酰胺而制备。需要说明的是,碳原子数及支链结构共通的内酰胺成分及氨基羧酸成分可以视为相互等价的成分。
聚酰胺树脂也可以是脂环族聚酰胺,但通常,为脂肪族聚酰胺的情况较多。另外,聚酰胺树脂可以是均聚聚酰胺树脂或共聚聚酰胺树脂(共聚聚酰胺树脂)。需要说明的是,共聚聚酰胺树脂可以是例如:由碳原子数不同的第一酰胺形成成分形成的共聚聚酰胺树脂;第一酰胺形成成分与第二酰胺形成成分的共聚聚酰胺树脂;由碳原子数不同的第二酰胺形成成分形成的共聚聚酰胺树脂等。需要说明的是,有时将由碳原子数不同的第一酰胺形成成分和/或第二酰胺形成成分形成的共聚聚酰胺树脂称为第一共聚聚酰胺树脂,将上述第一酰胺形成成分和/或第二酰胺形成成分与共聚成分(脂环族或芳香族成分)的共聚聚酰胺树脂称为第二共聚聚酰胺树脂。
作为上述亚烷基二胺成分,可示例出例如:八亚甲基二胺、癸二胺、十二烷二胺、十四烷二胺、十八烷二胺等C8-18亚烷基二胺等。这些二胺成分可以单独使用,或者可以组合两种以上使用。优选的二胺成分至少包含C8-18亚烷基二胺(优选为C10-16亚烷基二胺、优选为C11-16亚烷基二胺、特别优选为十二烷二胺等C11-14亚烷基二胺)。
作为烷烃二羧酸成分,可列举例如:辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、十二烷二酸、十八烷二酸等C8-36烷烃二羧酸等。这些二羧酸成分可以单独使用、或者可以将两种以上组合使用。优选的二羧酸成分包含C8-18烷烃二羧酸(例如为C10-16烷烃二羧酸、优选为C12-14烷烃二羧酸等)。
在第一酰胺形成成分中,相对于二羧酸成分1摩尔,二胺成分可以以0.8~1.2摩尔、优选以0.9~1.1摩尔左右的范围使用。
作为内酰胺成分,可示例出例如:ω-辛内酰胺、ω-壬内酰胺、ω-癸内酰胺、ω-十一内酰胺、ω-月桂内酰胺(或ω-月桂精内酰胺或者十二内酰胺)、ω-十三内酰胺等C8-20内酰胺等。作为氨基羧酸成分,可示例出例如:ω-氨基癸酸、ω-氨基十一烷酸、ω-氨基十二烷酸、ω-氨基十三烷酸等C8-20氨基羧酸等。这些内酰胺成分及氨基羧酸成分也可以单独使用或者组合两种以上使用。
优选的内酰胺成分例如为C8-18内酰胺、优选为C10-16内酰胺(例如,C10-15内酰胺)、进一步优选为C10-14内酰胺(例如,C11-13内酰胺);优选的氨基羧酸也具有与上述优选的内酰胺成分同样的碳原子数。特别是,内酰胺成分和/或氨基羧酸在大多情况下至少包含C11-12内酰胺成分和/或氨基羧酸(十一内酰胺、月桂内酰胺(或月桂精内酰胺)、氨基十一烷酸、氨基十二烷酸等)、例如碳原子数12的内酰胺成分和/或氨基羧酸。
第一酰胺形成成分与第二酰胺形成成分的比例(摩尔比)可以从前者/后者=100/0~0/100的范围中选择,例如可以为90/10~0/100(例如,80/20~5/95)、优选为75/25~10/90(例如,70/30~15/85)、进一步优选为60/40~20/80左右。
优选的聚酰胺树脂含有至少具有C8-18亚烷基链(或直链状亚烷基链)、例如为C8-16亚烷基链(例如,C9-15亚烷基链)、优选为C10-14亚烷基链(例如,C11-14亚烷基链)、进一步优选具有C11-13亚烷基链(例如,C11-12亚烷基链)的成分作为第一和/或第二酰胺形成成分。
由这样的成分形成的聚酰胺树脂的耐热水性及耐热性高,而且对于金属等基材的密合性优异,对于在基材表面形成均匀且强韧的粘接剂层(底涂层或反应性粘接剂层)而言是有用的。
需要说明的是,使用了上述具有C8-18亚烷基链的成分作为第一和/或第二酰胺形成成分的聚酰胺树脂可以是均聚聚酰胺树脂(具有特定碳原子数的亚烷基链的成分的均聚聚酰胺树脂)、或第一共聚聚酰胺树脂(上述C8-18亚烷基链中碳原子数不同的多个成分的共聚物;上述具有C8-18亚烷基链(或直链状亚烷基链)的成分与短链的第一和/或第二酰胺形成成分的第一共聚聚酰胺树脂)。
需要说明的是,作为上述短链的第一酰胺形成成分,可列举例如:四亚甲基二胺、六亚甲基二胺、三甲基六亚甲基二胺等主链的碳原子数C4-7亚烷基二胺;己二酸、庚二酸等C6-7烷烃二羧酸等,作为上述短链的第二酰胺形成成分,可列举δ-戊内酰胺、ε-己内酰胺、ω-庚内酰胺等C4-7内酰胺、C4-7氨基羧酸等。相对于第一及第二酰胺形成成分整体,短链的第一及第二酰胺形成成分的用量可以是少量的,例如可以为0~50摩尔%、优选为0~40摩尔%、进一步优选为0~30摩尔%左右。
进一步,根据需要,共聚聚酰胺树脂可以是第一和/或第二酰胺形成成分与能够共聚的共聚成分的共聚物(第二共聚聚酰胺树脂),作为共聚成分的的二胺成分可以是脂环族二胺成分(二氨基环己烷等二氨基C5-10环烷烃;双(4-氨基环己基)甲烷、双(4-氨基-3-甲基环己基)甲烷、2,2-双(4-氨基环己基)丙烷等双(氨基C5-8环烷基)C1-3烷烃等;氢化苯二甲胺等)、芳香族二胺成分(间苯二甲胺等)等。另外,作为共聚成分的二羧酸成分可以是脂环族二羧酸成分(环己烷-1,4-二羧酸、环己烷-1,3-二羧酸等C5-10环烷烃-二羧酸等)、芳香族二羧酸(对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸等)等。需要说明的是,可以使用脂环族二胺成分和/或脂环族二羧酸成分作为与第一和/或第二酰胺形成成分的共聚成分,来形成脂环族聚酰胺树脂(透明聚酰胺)。
在聚酰胺树脂中,相对于成分整体,第一及第二酰胺形成成分的比例可以为60~100摩尔%(例如,70~100摩尔%)、优选为80~100摩尔%(例如,85~97摩尔%)、进一步优选为90~100摩尔%左右。特别是,优选的聚酰胺树脂包含具有C8-16亚烷基链(优选为C10-14亚烷基链、进一步优选为C11-13亚烷基链)的成分的比例相对于形成聚酰胺类树脂的成分(单体)(或第一及第二酰胺形成成分)的总量为65~100摩尔%(例如,65~98摩尔%)、优选为70~100摩尔%(例如,75~98摩尔%)、进一步优选为80~100摩尔%(例如,85~100摩尔%)、特别优选为90~100摩尔%(例如,95~100摩尔%)左右的均聚聚酰胺树脂或共聚聚酰胺树脂。特别优选的聚酰胺树脂包含以选自例如C11-13内酰胺和/或C11-13氨基羧酸(例如,月桂内酰胺、氨基十一烷酸及氨基十二烷酸)中的至少一种作为酰胺形成成分的均聚或共聚聚酰胺树脂。
需要说明的是,聚酰胺树脂可以是利用少量的多羧酸成分和/或多胺成分导入支链结构而成的聚酰胺等改性聚酰胺。
作为这样的聚酰胺树脂,可示例出例如:均聚聚酰胺树脂(聚酰胺8、聚酰胺9、聚酰胺10、聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12、聚酰胺13、聚酰胺610、聚酰胺611、聚酰胺612、聚酰胺911、聚酰胺912、聚酰胺1010、聚酰胺1012等)、共聚聚酰胺(聚酰胺6/10、聚酰胺6/11、聚酰胺6/12、聚酰胺10/10、聚酰胺10/12、聚酰胺11/12、聚酰胺12/13、聚酰胺12/18、聚酰胺14/18等)等。这些聚酰胺树脂可以单独使用,或者可以组合使用两种以上。需要说明的是,在聚酰胺树脂中,用斜杠“/”分开的成分表示第一或第二酰胺形成成分。特别是,大多情况下利用亚烷基链较长的聚酰胺树脂,例如聚酰胺610、聚酰胺612、聚酰胺1010、聚酰胺1012、聚酰胺10、聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12、聚酰胺6/10、聚酰胺6/11、聚酰胺6/12等,其中尤其是聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12(例如,月桂内酰胺的均聚物)等。
作为聚酰胺弹性体(聚酰胺嵌段共聚物),可列举由作为硬链段(或硬嵌段)的聚酰胺链段(与上述聚酰胺树脂、例如聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12等对应的聚酰胺链段)和软链段(或软嵌段)形成的聚酰胺嵌段共聚物,软链段可以由例如聚醚、聚酯、聚碳酸酯等形成。代表性的聚酰胺弹性体是聚酰胺-聚醚嵌段共聚物,可列举例如:聚醚酰胺[例如,二羧基末端的聚酰胺嵌段与二醇末端的聚C2-6亚烷基二醇嵌段(或聚氧亚烷基嵌段)的嵌段共聚物等]等。需要说明的是,聚酰胺弹性体也可以具有酯键。
在聚酰胺弹性体中,软链段的数均分子量(聚苯乙烯换算)在用凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)测定时可以从例如100~10000左右的范围中选择,可以为300~5000(例如,500~5000)、优选为1000~2000左右。聚酰胺嵌段(聚酰胺链段)与软链段(或嵌段)的比例(质量比)例如可以为前者/后者=75/25~10/90、优选为70/30~15/85左右。
这些聚酰胺类树脂可以单独使用或者组合使用两种以上。这些聚酰胺类树脂中,优选上述聚酰胺树脂。
优选聚酰胺类树脂的吸水性或吸湿性低。即,聚酰胺类树脂的吸水率可以为1质量%以下(例如,0.01~0.8质量%)、优选为0.75质量%以下(例如,0.05~0.65质量%)、进一步优选为0.65质量%以下(例如,0.1~0.55质量%)、特别是可以为0.5质量%以下(例如,0.1~0.4质量%)左右,也可以为0.1~0.65质量%、优选为0.12~0.55质量%、进一步优选为0.15~0.45质量%、特别是可以为0.3质量%以下(例如,0.15~0.25质量%)。需要说明的是,上述吸水率的测定可以如下所述地求出:基于ASTM D570中规定的吸水性试验,将经过干燥后的试样在干燥器内冷却,然后测定试样的质量,在23℃的水中浸渍24小时后取出,用布按压,擦掉过量的水分,测定质量,并计算试验片的质量变化(增加率)。需要说明的是,可以利用厚度0.125英寸(约0.32cm)的试样。
另外,平衡含水量在按照ISO 62进行测定时,在相对湿度50%RH、室温23℃下例如可以为2质量%以下(例如,0.1~1.8质量%)、优选为1.5质量%以下(例如,0.3~1.5质量%)、进一步优选为1.3质量%以下(例如,0.4~1.3质量%)、特别优选为1质量%以下(例如,0.5~0.9质量%)左右,也可以为0.5~0.85质量%(例如,0.6~0.8质量%)左右。
此外,饱和含水率在按照ISO 62的A法浸渍于23℃的水中1周后进行测定时可以为5质量%以下(例如,0.5~4.5质量%)、优选为0.5~4质量%(例如,0.6~3.8质量%)、进一步优选为0.8~3.5质量%(例如,1~3质量%)、特别优选为1.1~2.8质量%(例如,1.2~2.7质量%)左右。
此外,优选聚酰胺类树脂的平均每重复单元的酰胺键的平均浓度少,上述酰胺键的平均浓度例如可以为1~10摩尔/kg(例如,2~9摩尔/kg)、优选为3~8摩尔/kg(例如,4~7摩尔/kg)、进一步优选为5~7摩尔/kg左右。
聚酰胺类树脂也可以为非晶性,但通常具有结晶性。聚酰胺类树脂的结晶度例如可以为1~50%(例如,1~30%)、优选为5~25%、进一步优选为10~20%左右。需要说明的是,结晶度可以通过惯用的方法,例如基于密度、熔化热的测定方法、X射线衍射法、红外吸收法等来测定。
为了提高粘接剂层相对于金属等基材的密合性,聚酰胺类树脂具有氨基(特别是末端氨基)。聚酰胺类树脂的氨基浓度CNH2(单位:mmol/kg)可以从5~300(例如,25~275)左右的范围中选择,例如可以为50~250(例如,75~225)、优选为100~200(例如,120~180)左右,通常可以为50~200(例如,50~180)、优选为75~190(例如,80~175)、进一步优选为100~170(例如,100~150)、特别优选为125~160左右。聚酰胺类树脂的氨基浓度高时,可以大幅提高由固化性树脂组合物形成的粘接剂层的密合性。
聚酰胺类树脂的羧基(末端羧基)的浓度(单位:mmol/kg)没有特别限制,例如可以为50以下(例如,0~25)、通常为20以下(例如,1~15)、优选为10以下(例如,1.5~7)、进一步优选为2~5左右。
在聚酰胺类树脂中,氨基与羧基的比例没有特别限制,优选氨基的浓度比羧基高。聚酰胺类树脂的氨基相对于羧基的比例(摩尔比)例如可以为60/40~100/0(例如,70/30~99.9/0.1)、优选为80/20~100/0(例如,85/15~99.5/0.5)、进一步优选为90/10~99/1(例如,95/5~98/2)左右。
需要说明的是,氨基浓度及羧基浓度可以通过惯用的方法、例如滴定法来测定。例如,氨基浓度可以通过将聚酰胺树脂(试样)溶解于以苯酚与乙醇的体积比计为10:1的混合溶剂而制备1质量%溶液,并用1/100当量HCl水溶液进行中和滴定来测定。另外,羧基浓度可以通过将聚酰胺树脂(试样)溶解于苄醇而制备1质量%苄醇溶液,并用1/100当量KOH水溶液进行中和滴定来测定。
聚酰胺类树脂在室温下为固体,聚酰胺类树脂的熔点例如可以为150~260℃(例如,160~250℃)、优选为165~230℃(例如,170~220℃)左右,也可以为175~210℃(例如,175~200℃)、优选为175~190℃(例如,175~185℃)左右。需要说明的是,结晶性的聚酰胺类树脂的熔点可以通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)来测定。需要说明的是,聚酰胺类树脂的熔点是指在DSC中产生多个峰的情况下,与多个峰中的高温侧的峰相对应的温度。
聚酰胺类树脂的数均分子量(单位:×104)例如可以从0.5~20(例如,0.7~15)左右的范围中选择,可以为0.8~10(例如,0.9~8)、优选为1~7(例如,1~5)左右。聚酰胺类树脂的分子量可以将HFIP(六氟异丙醇)作为溶剂、通过凝胶渗透色谱法并经聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯换算来测定。
聚酰胺类树脂的熔体流动速率(MFR、单位:g/10分)在温度230℃及负载2.16kg下可以为1~100(例如,2~80)、优选为5~75(例如,7~60)、进一步优选为10~50(例如,12~35)左右。MFR可以使用熔体流动速率测定器、按照ISO1133来测定。
在不损害密合性等特性的范围内,可以在上述吸水率为1质量%以下的聚酰胺类树脂(第一聚酰胺树脂)中添加第二聚酰胺树脂(例如,使用了具有碳原子数少的亚烷基链的成分的均聚或共聚聚酰胺树脂,特别是吸水率超过1质量%的均聚或共聚聚酰胺树脂和/或熔点小于150℃的共聚聚酰胺树脂等)。上述吸水率为1质量%以下的第一聚酰胺类树脂可以根据第一和/或第二聚酰胺树脂的吸水率等以聚酰胺类树脂整体的65质量%以上、优选为70质量%以上、进一步优选为75质量%以上的比例使用。
根据需要,聚酰胺类树脂可以含有各种添加剂,例如稳定剂(耐热稳定剂、耐候稳定剂、抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂等)、着色剂、填充剂、增塑剂、润滑剂、阻燃剂、抗静电剂、硅烷偶联剂等。添加剂可以单独使用,或者可以组合两种以上使用。聚酰胺类树脂及其树脂组合物通常为粉末状的形态的情况较多。
[封端多异氰酸酯]
封端多异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯可以是芳香族多异氰酸酯、脂环族多异氰酸酯、脂肪族多异氰酸酯、杂环式多异氰酸酯中的任意多异氰酸酯。作为芳香族多异氰酸酯,可示例出例如:甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯(XDI)、四甲基苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)、萘二异氰酸酯(NDI)、双(异氰酸酯基苯基)甲烷(MDI)、1,3-双(异氰酸酯基苯基)丙烷、双(异氰酸酯基苯基)醚、双(异氰酸酯基苯基)砜、二甲基联苯二异氰酸酯(TODI)等二异氰酸酯等。作为脂环族多异氰酸酯,可示例出例如:环己烷1,4-二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、氢化苯二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、氢化双(异氰酸酯基苯基)甲烷等二异氰酸酯;双环庚烷三异氰酸酯等三异氰酸酯等。作为上述脂肪族多异氰酸酯,可示例出例如:亚丙基二异氰酸酯、三亚甲基二异氰酸酯、四亚甲基二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(TMDI)、赖氨酸二异氰酸酯(LDI)等C2-12烷烃二异氰酸酯;1,3,6-六亚甲基三异氰酸酯、1,6,11-十一烷三异氰酸酯甲基辛烷等烷烃三异氰酸酯等。
这些多异氰酸酯也可以是其衍生物,例如二聚体、三聚体(具有异氰脲酸酯环的多异氰酸酯)、四聚体等多聚体;加合物;缩二脲改性体、脲基甲酸酯(allophonate)改性体、尿素改性体等改性体;氨基甲酸酯低聚物等。具体而言,多异氰酸酯的衍生物可示例出例如:多异氰酸酯(六亚甲基二异氰酸酯等烷烃多异氰酸酯等)与多元醇(三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇等)的加合物、上述多异氰酸酯的缩二脲体、具有上述异氰脲酸酯环(异氰脲酸酯骨架)的异氰脲酸酯体(例如,作为六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的三聚体的具有异氰脲酸酯环的多异氰酸酯等)、具有异氰酸酯二聚体(uretdione)骨架的多异氰酸酯等。
这些多异氰酸酯中,使用脂肪族多异氰酸酯、芳香族多异氰酸酯(TDI、MDI等)或它们的衍生物(例如,HDI或其三聚体等)等的情况较多。
作为封端多异氰酸酯的封端剂(保护剂),可列举例如:异丙醇、2-乙基己醇等醇类;苯酚、甲酚、二甲苯酚、间苯二酚等酚类;丙酮肟、甲基乙基酮肟、环己烷肟等肟类;ε-己内酰胺等内酰胺类;乙酰乙酸乙酯等活性亚甲基化合物等。这些封端剂可以单独使用或者组合两种以上使用。这些封端剂可以根据多异氰酸酯的种类、离解温度等来选择,使用酚类、肟类、ε-己内酰胺、活性亚甲基化合物等的情况较多。
封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基(封端异氰酸酯基)的含有率例如可以为5~30质量%(例如,7.5~25质量%)、优选为10~20质量%(例如,12.5~17.5质量%)左右,也可以为13~20质量%(例如,14~18质量%、优选为15~17质量%)左右,
封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯当量(单位:g/eq.)例如可以为150~350、优选为175~300、进一步优选为200~280(例如,230~275)左右。
在封端多异氰酸酯中,异氰酸酯基(封端异氰酸酯基)的浓度CNCO(mmol/kg)例如可以为500~5500(例如,750~5250)、优选为1000~5000(例如,1500~4500)、进一步优选为2000~4500(例如,2500~4000)左右,也可以为3000~4000左右。
封端多异氰酸酯在室温下通常为固体,封端多异氰酸酯的玻璃化转变温度(glasstransition temperature)例如可以为50~120℃、优选为60~110℃(例如,65~95℃)、进一步优选为70~100℃(例如,75~85℃)左右,通常可以为65~100℃(例如,70~90℃)左右。
封端多异氰酸酯的熔点例如可以为70~130℃、优选为80~120℃、进一步优选为90~115℃左右,也可以为80~125℃(例如,95~115℃)左右。
封端多异氰酸酯的离解温度(封端剂脱离而使异氰酸酯基再生的温度)例如可以为100~220℃(例如,120~200℃)、优选为130~190℃(例如,140~180℃)、进一步优选为150~170℃(例如,155~165℃)左右。离解温度过低时,固化性树脂组合物的保存稳定性容易降低,过高时,涂膜形成温度或烧成温度变高,存在操作性降低、并且粘接剂层的粘接性降低的担忧。
需要说明的是,为了调整离解温度,也可以添加离解催化剂,例如:月桂酸二丁基锡等锡化合物、N-甲基吗啉等叔胺类、碱金属乙酸盐、碱土金属乙酸盐等金属有机酸盐等。
封端多异氰酸酯通常为粉末状的形态的情况较多。
[环氧化合物]
作为环氧化合物(或环氧树脂),可列举例如:缩水甘油醚化合物、缩水甘油酯化合物、缩水甘油胺化合物、杂环式环氧化合物、脂环式环氧化合物等,具有多个缩水甘油基或环氧环。作为缩水甘油醚化合物(缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂),可列举例如:双酚型环氧树脂(双酚A型、双酚F型、双酚AD型、双酚S型、双酚芴型等以双酚类为基础的环氧树脂)、萘酚型环氧树脂、联苯型环氧树脂、三酚甲烷型环氧树脂、酚醛清漆型环氧树脂(苯酚酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、甲酚酚醛清漆型环氧树脂等)、改性酚醛清漆型环氧树脂等。
作为缩水甘油酯化合物(缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂),可示例出例如:苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯、四氢苯二甲酸、六氢苯二甲酸等多元羧酸缩水甘油酯。
作为缩水甘油胺化合物(缩水甘油胺型环氧树脂),可示例出:四缩水甘油基氨基二苯基甲烷、三缩水甘油基氨基苯酚等。
作为杂环式环氧化合物(杂环式环氧树脂),可示例出例如:三缩水甘油基异氰脲酸酯(三嗪型环氧树脂)、乙内酰脲型环氧树脂等。作为脂环式环氧化合物(脂环式环氧树脂),可示例出环己烯环经环氧化而成的环氧树脂。
这些环氧化合物可以单独使用,或者可以组合两种以上使用。优选的环氧化合物是软化点或熔点高的环氧树脂,例如为缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂、缩水甘油胺型环氧树脂、脂环式环氧树脂,特别是双酚A等以双酚类为基础的缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂(双酚型环氧树脂)。此外,环氧化合物可以是单体,但优选包含2聚体、3聚体、4聚体、5聚体、10聚体等多聚体(例如,3聚体以上的多聚体)。这样的多聚体伴随着多聚化而具有羟基的情况较多。多聚体的比例在凝胶渗透色谱中以面积比计可以为45~99.9%、优选为50~99%、进一步优选为55~98%左右。
环氧化合物的环氧当量(单位:g/eq.)可以从250~5000左右的范围中选择,例如可以为300~3000(例如,400~2500)、优选为500~2000(例如,600~1700)、进一步优选为650~1000(例如,700~800)左右,也可以为450~1500(例如,500~1200)、优选为550~1000(例如,600~900)、进一步优选为650~800(例如,700~770)左右。
环氧化合物的环氧基的浓度CEP(mmol/kg)例如可以为100~1000(例如,150~900)、优选为200~800(例如,250~750)、进一步优选为300~700(例如,350~650)左右,也可以为400~600(例如,450~570)左右。
另外,环氧化合物(或环氧树脂)的羟基浓度(mmol/kg)例如可以为500~5500(例如,750~5250)、优选为1000~5000(1500~4500)、进一步优选为2000~4500(例如,2500~4000)左右,也可以为3000~4000(例如,3300~3800)左右。
环氧化合物的软化点或熔点例如可以为75℃以上(例如,75~125℃)、优选为80℃以上(例如,80~115℃)、进一步优选为85℃以上(例如,90~110℃)左右,也可以为95~105℃左右。
环氧化合物通常在室温下为固体,为粉末状的形态的情况较多。
环氧化合物由于会提高相对于金属等基材的密合性,并且与聚酰胺类树脂的氨基也具有反应性,因此,会大幅改善相对于金属等基材的密合性。另外,多聚体(包含二聚体、三聚体等)的环氧化合物有时具有羟基(仲羟基),该羟基不仅会参与与金属等基材的密合性,而且也具有与封端多异氰酸酯的反应性,可进一步改善相对于基材的密合性。
[各成分的比例]
在本发明中,上述聚酰胺类树脂的氨基(以及羧基)、封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基、及环氧化合物的环氧基(以及羟基)复杂地发生反应,从而能够相对于金属等基材以高密合力密合。例如,代表性地,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基与聚酰胺类树脂的氨基(以及环氧化合物的羟基)反应,环氧化合物的环氧基与聚酰胺类树脂的氨基(以及羧基)反应,从而在基材上形成粘接剂层(固化膜或底涂层)。因此,各成分的比例及各成分的上述反应性基团的比例也变得复杂。
聚酰胺类树脂的量的比例可以根据各成分的反应性基团的浓度等而选择,例如,相对于聚酰胺类树脂、封端多异氰酸酯及环氧化合物的总量100质量%,可以为50~95质量%(例如,60~90质量%)左右,通常可以为65~90质量%(例如,65~85质量%)、优选为67~83质量%(例如,70~80质量%)左右,也可以为70~90质量%(例如,75~85质量%)左右。聚酰胺类树脂的比例过少或过多时,与基材的密合性容易降低。
封端多异氰酸酯与聚酰胺类树脂的氨基反应,将大幅改善粘接剂层的机械强度及热特性,提高相对于基材的密合性。因此,聚酰胺类树脂与封端多异氰酸酯的量的比例可以根据各成分的官能团(反应性基团)的浓度、反应性等来选择,相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基浓度1摩尔,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基(封端异氰酸酯基)的比例例如可以为0.5~7摩尔(例如,0.7~6摩尔、优选为1~5摩尔)左右,但通常为过量摩尔,例如可以从1.1~5.5摩尔左右的范围中选择,可以为1.5~5摩尔(例如,1.75~4.5摩尔)、优选为2~4摩尔(例如,2.25~3.75摩尔)、进一步优选为2.5~3.5摩尔(例如,2.75~3.4摩尔)左右。封端多异氰酸酯的比例过少时,存在相对于金属等基材的密合性、耐热性、耐热水性降低的担忧,过多时,会残存游离的多异氰酸酯,导致粘接剂层的特性降低。另外,如果使用过量的封端多异氰酸酯,则即使上述粘接剂层发生了固化,也会作为活性的底涂层(活性中间层)发挥功能,可能出于这一原因,也能够提高与复合成型构件中的模塑树脂(例如,具有羟基、氨基等反应性基团的热塑性树脂,例如为聚酯树脂、聚酰胺类树脂等)的反应性,还可以改善与模塑树脂的密合性。
具体而言,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基(NCO)的浓度CNCO(mmol/kg)与聚酰胺类树脂的氨基的浓度CNH2(mmol/kg)的比例为没有特别限制,氨基的浓度也可以是过量的,但通常,异氰酸酯基的浓度高的情况较多,例如,相对于氨基(NH2)的浓度(mmol/kg),异氰酸酯基(NCO)的浓度(mmol/kg)过量的情况较多。异氰酸酯基的浓度(CNCO)与氨基浓度(CNH2))之差(△(CNCO-CNH2))例如可以为15~450mmol/kg(例如,20~400mmol/kg)、优选为30~300mmol/kg(例如,35~250mmol/kg)、进一步优选为40~200mmol/kg(例如,45~185mmol/kg)左右,也可以为20mmol/kg以上、优选为30mmol/kg以上、更优选为40mmol/kg以上。相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基的总摩尔数,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基的总摩尔数例如可以为1.3~50倍(例如,1.5~40倍)、优选为2~35倍(例如,2.5~25倍)、进一步优选为2.7~15倍(例如,3~10倍)左右,也可以为2.7~10倍(例如,3~8.5倍)左右。
相对于聚酰胺类树脂100质量份,封端多异氰酸酯的比例可以为2.5~35质量份、优选为5~30质量份(例如,7.5~25质量份)、进一步优选为10~20质量份(例如,10~15质量份)左右。
相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基浓度1摩尔,环氧化合物的环氧基的比例例如可以为0.1~1摩尔(例如,0.2~0.9摩尔)、优选为0.2~0.8摩尔(例如,0.25~0.7摩尔)、进一步优选为0.3~0.6摩尔(例如,0.35~0.55摩尔)左右,也可以为0.35~0.6摩尔(例如,0.4~0.5摩尔)左右。需要说明的是,聚酰胺类树脂的羧基与环氧化合物的环氧基的比例(mmol/kg)例如可以为前者/后者=0.01/1~0.5/1(例如,0.02/1~0.4/1)、优选为0.03/1~0.3/1(例如,0.04/1~0.2/1)、进一步优选为0.05/1~0.2/1(例如,0.06/1~0.15/1)左右。
封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基与环氧化合物的羟基(仲羟基)的比例(mmol/kg)例如可以为前者/后者=0.5/1~1.5/1(例如,0.7/1~1.3/1)、优选为0.8/1~1.2/1(例如,0.9/1~1.1/1)左右。
需要说明的是,封端多异氰酸酯与环氧化合物的质量比例可以为前者/后者=20/80~80/20、优选为30/70~70/30、进一步优选为40/60~60/40左右。
相对于氨基、异氰酸酯基及环氧基的总量(总摩尔数)(mmol/kg),环氧基的浓度CEP例如可以为2~40摩尔%(例如,3~35摩尔%),通常可以为5~30摩尔%(例如,5~25摩尔%)、优选为7~25摩尔%(例如,8~20摩尔%)、进一步优选为10~20摩尔%(例如,10~18摩尔%)左右,也可以至少为6摩尔%以上、更优选为8摩尔%以上。特别地,在相对于氨基的浓度CNH2,异氰酸酯基的浓度CNCO如上所述地是过量的、并且环氧基的浓度CEP为上述比例时,不仅初始密合强度高,而且即使浸渍于热水中也可以抑制粘接强度的降低。
相对于聚酰胺类树脂100质量份,环氧化合物的比例例如可以为2.5~35质量份、优选为5~30质量份(例如,7.5~25质量份)、进一步优选为10~20质量份(例如,10~15质量份)左右,也可以为10~22质量份左右。环氧化合物的比例过少时,与金属等基材的密合性容易降低,过多时,环氧化合物残存,会降低粘接剂层的特性。需要说明的是,如果使用过量的环氧化合物,则即使上述粘接剂层发生了固化,也可以作为活性的底涂层(活性中间层)发挥功能,可能出于这一原因,有时也能够提高相对于复合成型构件中的模塑树脂(例如,具有羧基、氨基等反应性基团的热塑性树脂,例如为聚酯树脂、聚酰胺类树脂等)的反应性,还能够改善与模塑树脂的密合性。
[固化性树脂组合物的形态]
本发明的固化性树脂组合物可以是含有溶剂的液体组合物(溶液状组合物或分散体),也可以具有粉末状或粉粒状的形态。固化性树脂组合物通常可以是粉末状的上述聚酰胺类树脂、粉末状的封端多异氰酸酯、以及粉末状的环氧化合物的混合物(粉末混合物),也可以具有将上述成分(上述聚酰胺类树脂、封端多异氰酸酯及环氧化合物)混合而成的组合物(一体地凝固而成的组合物)的粉末或粉粒体的形态。
只要不损害涂膜的均匀性,粉末或粉粒体的形态的各成分(聚酰胺类树脂、封端多异氰酸酯及环氧化合物)的平均粒径D50例如可以从1~300μm左右的范围中选择,通常可以为2~200μm(例如,5~150μm)、优选为10~100μm(例如,15~80μm)、进一步优选为20~70μm左右。平均粒径D50可以通过惯用的方法、例如使用基于激光衍射/散射法的粒度分布测定装置来测定。
本发明的固化性树脂组合物也可以是溶液状,但如果制成固体状(粉末状或粉粒状的形态),则即使聚酰胺类树脂的氨基、封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基、环氧化合物的环氧基相互具有反应性,也可以抑制各成分的反应,保存稳定性高。另外,如上所述,相对于基材(金属等基材)会显示出高的粘接性或密合性。因此,本发明的固化性树脂组合物对于对基材(或构件)进行包覆或涂敷而以涂敷涂膜保护基材、从而提高耐腐蚀性及耐久性等而言是有效的。
[复合构件及其制造方法]
复合构件可以通过在基材(或构件)的表面涂敷上述固化性树脂组合物(粘接性树脂组合物)而形成粘接剂层(固化膜或底涂层)来制造。
上述基材的种类没有特别限制,可示例出:金属(例如,铁或铁合金(不锈钢等)、铝或铝合金、铜、锌等)、陶瓷(例如,陶器、磁器、氧化物类陶瓷、氮化物类陶瓷、硼化物类陶瓷等)、塑料(环氧类树脂、酚类树脂、聚酰亚胺类树脂等热固化性或光固化性树脂;聚芳酸亚烷基酯类树脂、聚芳酯类树脂、芳香族聚酰胺类树脂、聚碳酸酯类树脂、聚氨酯类树脂、热塑性聚酰亚胺类树脂、聚苯醚类树脂、聚醚酮类树脂、聚醚醚酮类树脂、聚苯硫醚类树脂、聚砜树脂、聚醚砜类树脂、液晶塑料等耐热性热塑性树脂(工程塑料等)的成型体等)、木材等,基材也可以是经过了复合化的基材(例如,具备蒸镀膜等的基材、上述金属与耐热性热塑性树脂的层叠体等层叠基材等)。
优选的基材是金属、例如铁(钢板等)、铝或它们的合金(不锈钢等)。对于这些基材,可以根据基材的种类而实施表面处理,例如,如果是金属基材,则可以实施脱脂处理、研磨加工、电解加工、粗糙面加工处理等处理。
利用上述固化性树脂组合物对基材的涂敷可以采用惯用的涂布或涂敷法,对于粉末状固化性树脂组合物,可以利用粉体涂装法,例如流动浸渍法(将加热后的金属等基材浸渍于粉粒体的流动相而形成涂膜的方法)、静电粉体涂装、电沉积涂装(阳离子电沉积涂装等)等。需要说明的是,在经过熔融工序进行涂敷的喷镀法等中,随着熔融加热,在形成涂膜前,各成分的反应性基团有可能会发生反应。静电粉体涂装法可以是粉体静电喷涂法、静电流动浸渍法(流动浸渍法中,通过静电来吸引粉体使其附着而形成涂膜的方法)等。为了在基材的表面形成均匀的涂膜(粘接剂层),可以采用热历史少、可以抑制各成分的反应性基团的消耗的静电粉体涂装法。
为了使聚酰胺类树脂、封端多异氰酸酯、环氧化合物发生反应,涂膜通常可以通过加热(或烧成)形成,也可以形成固化膜。加热温度(或烧成温度)例如可以为170~270℃、优选为180~250℃、进一步优选为190~220℃左右。另外,加热时间(或烧成时间)例如可以为1~10分钟、优选为2~8分钟、进一步优选为3~6分钟左右。
如此形成的涂膜(粘接剂层或固化膜)的厚度例如可以为1~500μm左右,通常可以为5~250μm、优选为10~200μm、进一步优选为25~175μm(例如,50~150μm)左右。
这样的粘接剂层不仅相对于基材或构件显示出高密合性,而且耐热性、耐热水性等也高。因此,即使对其模塑热塑性树脂,也无论模塑条件如何,均可适于形成均匀且密合性及耐久性高的模塑部、而不会在基材与粘接剂层(或固化膜)的界面生成空穴。
[复合成型构件及其制造方法]
复合成型构件可以通过在上述复合构件(具备上述金属基材等基材、和形成于该基材表面的上述粘接剂层的复合构件)的粘接剂层上模塑或层叠至少包含热塑性树脂的组合物而制造。
热塑性树脂的种类没有特别限制,可示例出例如:烯烃类树脂(聚乙烯类树脂、聚丙烯类树脂、改性或共聚烯烃类树脂、环状烯烃类树脂等)、苯乙烯类树脂(丙烯腈-苯乙烯类树脂(AS树脂)等苯乙烯类共聚物、耐冲击性聚苯乙烯类树脂、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯类树脂(ABS树脂)等橡胶增强苯乙烯类树脂等)、(甲基)丙烯酸类树脂、乙酸乙烯酯类树脂(或其衍生物,例如聚乙烯醇类树脂、聚乙烯醇缩醛类树脂等)、氯乙烯类树脂、聚酯类树脂(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯类树脂、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯类树脂、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯类树脂等聚芳酸亚烷基酯类树脂、聚芳酯类树脂等)、聚酰胺类树脂、聚碳酸酯类树脂、聚氨酯类树脂、热塑性聚酰亚胺类树脂、聚缩醛类树脂、聚醚类树脂(聚苯醚类树脂、聚醚酮类树脂、聚醚醚酮类树脂等)、聚苯硫醚类树脂、聚砜类树脂(聚砜树脂、聚醚砜类树脂等)、液晶塑料(液晶性芳香族聚酯类树脂等)、热塑性弹性体(烯烃类弹性体、苯乙烯类弹性体、聚酯类弹性体、聚酰胺类弹性体、聚氨酯类弹性体、氟类弹性体等)等,根据用途,也可以利用乙烯-丙烯-二烯橡胶等橡胶(或未硫化橡胶组合物)。这些热塑性树脂可以单独使用,或者可以组合两种以上使用。
热塑性树脂可以具有羟基、羧基、氨基、封端异氰酸酯基等官能性(反应性基团)。需要说明的是,粘接剂层是活性的,可能出于这一原因,因此也可以期待通过与模塑树脂或层叠片的反应来提高密合性。特别是,如果在上述粘接剂层上残存有氨基、异氰酸酯基和/或环氧基(特别是,至少为异氰酸酯基)等反应性基团,则即使发生固化,上述粘接剂层也是活性的,因此,也可以使残存于上述粘接剂层的反应性基团与上述热塑性树脂的官能性(反应性基团)反应,从而提高与模塑树脂或层叠片的密合性。
在本发明中,也可以将具有上述固化性树脂组合物的聚酰胺类树脂的熔点以下的熔点或玻璃化转变温度的热塑性树脂进行模塑,但即使将具有比上述聚酰胺类树脂更高的熔点的热塑性树脂进行模塑,也能够以高密合性及耐久性形成树脂模塑部或层压部、而不会在金属等基材与粘接剂层的界面生成空穴。因此,为了形成耐热性、耐久性高的树脂模塑部或层压部,热塑性树脂可以具有上述聚酰胺类树脂的熔点以上的熔点或玻璃化转变温度。根据热塑性树脂的种类,这样的热塑性树脂的熔点或玻璃化转变温度例如可以为100~350℃(例如,160~330℃)、优选为170~300℃(例如,200~280℃)左右,通常可以为180~270℃(例如,190~260℃)、优选为200~250℃(例如,200~240℃)左右。
优选的热塑性树脂可以是在末端任选具有羟基和/或羧基的聚芳酸亚烷基酯类树脂、聚芳酯类树脂等芳香族聚酯树脂、任选具有氨基和/或羧基的聚酰胺类树脂,特别地,可以是具有氨基的聚酰胺类树脂。聚酰胺类树脂可以是例如:聚酰胺46、聚酰胺6、聚酰胺66、包含上述脂环族二胺成分和/或脂环族二羧酸成分作为聚合成分的脂环族聚酰胺、聚酰胺MXD-6(至少包含苯二亚甲基二胺及己二酸作为反应成分的聚酰胺树脂)、非结晶性聚酰胺(至少包含对苯二甲酸及三甲基六亚甲基二胺作为反应成分的聚酰胺树脂等)等。需要说明的是,聚酰胺类树脂的氨基浓度及羧基浓度与上述同样。
根据需要,热塑性树脂也可以含有各种添加剂,例如稳定剂(耐热稳定剂、耐候稳定剂、抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂等)、着色剂、磁体(铁氧体等顺磁体、磁铁等强磁体)、填充剂、补强剂、增塑剂、润滑剂、阻燃剂、抗静电剂、硅烷偶联剂等。添加剂可以单独使用,或者可以组合两种以上使用。补强剂可以是碳酸钙、硫酸钡、氧化钛、二氧化硅、氧化铝、云母、粘土、滑石、炭黑等粉粒状补强剂;也可以是人造丝、尼龙、维尼纶、芳族聚酰胺等有机纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维、金属纤维、晶须等无机纤维等纤维状补强剂。优选的补强剂是玻璃纤维等纤维状补强剂。相对于热塑性树脂100质量份,补强剂的含量例如可以为5~50质量份、优选为10~40质量份左右。
上述含有热塑性树脂的组合物可以相对于粘接剂层进行模塑(二次模塑(overmold)或成型),也可以以片的形态层叠。热塑性树脂组合物的模塑可以按照惯用的嵌入成型进行,通过将热塑性树脂组合物熔融并进行注塑成型等从而来进行成型,由此可以得到在上述复合构件的粘接剂层上以层叠形态形成有热塑性树脂组合物的模塑部的复合成型构件。例如,可以对热塑性树脂组合物、含有上述磁体的热塑性树脂组合物、含有玻璃纤维等补强剂的热塑性树脂组合物等进行熔融混炼后,相对于上述粘接剂层进行注塑成型,从而制备在金属等基材上形成有树脂层、磁体层、补强层等的复合成型体。
另外,对于热塑性树脂组合物,可以以片状的形态进行熔融挤出而成型,也可以在上述粘接剂层上以熔融片的形态直接层叠或层压;还可以成型为含有玻璃纤维等补强剂的热塑性树脂组合物的片或带(例如,纤维状补强剂在给定的方向上发生了取向的取向片或带(单轴取向(Uni-Directional)材料等)的形态,并使该成型片或带相对于上述粘接剂层直接层叠(加热而层叠)。需要说明的是,通过层叠取向片或带等,有时即使金属等基材的厚度小,也可以制造机械特性优异的复合成型体。
实施例
以下,基于实施例对本发明更详细地进行说明,但本发明不限定于这些实施例。
在以下的实施例及比较例中,使用了以下的材料。
[基材]
对钢板(由Nippon Testpanel株式会社售卖的不锈钢板SUS430)进行脱脂处理后使用。
[聚酰胺类树脂]
PA1:聚酰胺12(Daicel Evonik株式会社制、吸水率0.25%、氨基浓度145mmol/kg、羧基浓度4mmol/kg、粉体:平均粒径47μm)
PA2:共聚聚酰胺6/6/12(Daicel Evonik株式会社制、吸水率1.5%、氨基浓度187mmol/kg、羧基浓度1.5mmol/kg、粉体:平均粒径42μm)
需要说明的是,吸水率通过ASTM D570中规定的吸水性试验而进行了测定。另外,氨基浓度及羧基浓度通过上述中和滴定法进行了测定。另外,平均粒径是将聚酰胺树脂冷冻粉碎并使用利用激光衍射/散射法的粒度分布测定装置而测定的。
[封端异氰酸酯]
B-I:封端异氰酸酯(Evonik公司制“VESTAGON BF1540”异氰酸酯二聚体(Uretdione)多异氰酸酯加合物、异氰酸酯基浓度3600mmol/kg、玻璃化转变温度84℃以下、粉体)
需要说明的是,异氰酸酯基的浓度是根据异氰酸酯含量而算出的。
[环氧化合物]
EP1:双酚A型环氧树脂(三菱化学株式会社制、环氧基浓度500mmol/kg、羟基浓度3600mmol/kg、粉体)
EP2:双酚A型环氧树脂(Ciba-Geigy公司制“Araldite GT 7004”、环氧基浓度1500mmol/kg、粉体)
环氧基的浓度根据环氧当量而算出,羟基浓度是基于根据环氧树脂的分子量得到的重复单元数而算出的。
[模塑树脂]
PA3:株式会社东丽制“Amilan CM1017”、基于ASTM D570的吸水率1.8%、氨基浓度37mmol/kg)
实施例及比较例
将聚酰胺树脂的粉体、封端多异氰酸酯的粉体及环氧树脂的粉体按照表1所示的比例混合,制备粉体混合物,在进行了脱脂处理后的基材上以约100μm的厚度进行静电涂装,在烘箱中于185℃加热5分钟,形成涂膜,制备了复合构件。
对于该复合构件的涂膜,使用注塑成型机(东洋机械金属株式会社制“ET40V”),将模塑树脂PA3在气缸温度280℃下注塑成型(嵌入成型),形成厚度3mm的树脂层,制备了复合成型体。
[粘接强度]
得到的复合成型体的树脂层相对于基材的粘接强度按照ISO 19095-2Type B进行了测定。
[热水浸渍试验]
将得到的复合成型体浸渍于80℃的热水中50小时后,与上述同样地测定了粘接强度。
将结果示于表1。需要说明的是,在表1中,“PA吸水率”表示聚酰胺类树脂或聚酰胺类树脂混合物的吸水率,“NH2(PA)”表示聚酰胺类树脂或聚酰胺类树脂混合物的氨基,“NCO(B-I)”表示封端多异氰酸酯(B-1)的异氰酸酯基,“Epoxy(EP)”表示环氧化合物的环氧基,“△(CNCO-CNH2)”表示封端多异氰酸酯(B-1)的异氰酸酯基的浓度CNCO与聚酰胺类树脂(PA)的氨基的浓度CNH2之差(单位:mmol/kg)。
Figure BDA0002956039640000221
根据表1可以明确,与比较例的树脂组合物相比,在实施例中由于使用了吸水率低的树脂组合物,因此对于热水也具有高的耐久密合性。特别地,如果使用具有给定的环氧基浓度、并且封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基的浓度相比于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基浓度而言过量给定量的树脂组合物来形成粘接剂层,则可以以高密合性形成模塑树脂层。需要说明的是,比较例3相当于专利文献1的实施例。
工业实用性
本发明适于制造由金属等基材与树脂复合化(混合)而成的复合成型体(混合构件),复合成型体可以用于要求高耐久性的用途,例如:车辆(汽车等)、火车、飞机或航空器、船舶等交通工具(运输设备或运输机构)的结构构件、行走构件(悬挂系统、车轮、制动装置等)、轨道结构等的部件或构件(结构构件等)。具体而言,复合成型构件可以应用于例如前端(保险杠)等交通工具的结构构件(汽车部件或构件等)等。

Claims (15)

1.一种固化性树脂组合物,其包含:
聚酰胺类树脂、
封端多异氰酸酯、以及
环氧化合物,
其中,所述聚酰胺类树脂的氨基与羧基的摩尔比为前者/后者=60/40~99.9/0.1,
所述聚酰胺类树脂以20~300mmol/kg的浓度含有氨基,并且在ASTMD570规定的吸水性试验中具有1质量%以下的吸水率,
相对于所述聚酰胺类树脂、所述封端多异氰酸酯及所述环氧化合物的总量100质量%,所述聚酰胺类树脂的量的比例为50~95质量%,
相对于所述聚酰胺类树脂的氨基的总摩尔数,所述封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基的总摩尔数为1.3~50倍,
相对于所述聚酰胺类树脂的氨基浓度1摩尔,所述环氧化合物的环氧基的比例为0.1~1摩尔,
所述聚酰胺类树脂的羧基与所述环氧化合物的环氧基的摩尔比为前者/后者=0.01/1~0.5/1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的固化性树脂组合物,其中,
聚酰胺类树脂包含C8-18亚烷基链,具有25~275mmol/kg的氨基浓度、及160~250℃的熔点。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的固化性树脂组合物,其中,
相对于形成聚酰胺类树脂的成分的总量,聚酰胺类树脂中具有C8-16亚烷基链的成分的比例为65~100摩尔%,且该聚酰胺类树脂在ASTMD 570规定的吸水性试验中具有0.75质量%以下的吸水率。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的固化性树脂组合物,其中,
相对于形成聚酰胺类树脂的成分的总量,聚酰胺类树脂中具有C10-14亚烷基链的成分的比例为70~100摩尔%,且该聚酰胺类树脂的氨基浓度为50~250mmol/kg,熔点为170~220℃。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的固化性树脂组合物,其中,
聚酰胺类树脂是相对于形成聚酰胺类树脂的成分的总量以75~100摩尔%的比例包含选自C11-13内酰胺及C11-13氨基羧酸中的至少一种具有C11-13亚烷基链的成分的均聚或共聚聚酰胺树脂,且该聚酰胺类树脂在ASTMD 570规定的吸水性试验中具有0.65质量%以下的吸水率。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的固化性树脂组合物,其中,
聚酰胺类树脂在ASTMD 570规定的吸水性试验中具有0.3质量%以下的吸水率。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的固化性树脂组合物,其中,
封端多异氰酸酯具有60~110℃的玻璃化转变温度、70~130℃的熔点、及120~200℃的离解温度,
环氧化合物包含软化温度75℃以上的双酚型环氧树脂。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的固化性树脂组合物,其中,
相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基1摩尔,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基的比例为1.5~5摩尔,环氧化合物的环氧基的比例为0.1~0.8摩尔。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的固化性树脂组合物,其中,
相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基过量15~450mmol/kg,
相对于氨基、异氰酸酯基及环氧基的总摩尔数,环氧基的浓度为3~35摩尔%。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的固化性树脂组合物,其中,
相对于聚酰胺类树脂的氨基的总摩尔数,封端多异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基的总摩尔数为1.5~40倍,
相对于聚酰胺类树脂100质量份,所述固化性树脂组合物以5~30质量份的比例含有封端多异氰酸酯、且以5~30质量份的比例含有环氧化合物。
11.一种复合构件,其在基材的表面形成有权利要求1~10中任一项所述的固化性树脂组合物的粘接剂层。
12.一种复合构件的制造方法,该方法包括:
用权利要求1~10中任一项所述的固化性树脂组合物对基材的表面进行涂敷,形成粘接剂层。
13.一种复合成型构件,其在权利要求11所述的复合构件的粘接剂层上模塑或层叠有至少包含热塑性树脂的组合物。
14.根据权利要求13所述的复合成型构件,其中,
基材为金属基材,
热塑性树脂包含具有比固化性树脂组合物的聚酰胺类树脂高的熔点的聚酰胺类树脂。
15.一种复合成型构件的制造方法,该方法包括:
在权利要求11所述的复合构件的粘接剂层上模塑或层叠至少包含热塑性树脂的组合物,制造复合成型构件。
CN201980057132.9A 2018-08-30 2019-08-07 固化性树脂组合物、复合构件及其制造方法 Active CN112638979B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2018161085A JP7125307B2 (ja) 2018-08-30 2018-08-30 硬化性樹脂組成物、複合部材及びその製造方法
JP2018-161085 2018-08-30
PCT/JP2019/031105 WO2020044995A1 (ja) 2018-08-30 2019-08-07 硬化性樹脂組成物、複合部材及びその製造方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112638979A CN112638979A (zh) 2021-04-09
CN112638979B true CN112638979B (zh) 2022-12-20

Family

ID=69644862

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201980057132.9A Active CN112638979B (zh) 2018-08-30 2019-08-07 固化性树脂组合物、复合构件及其制造方法

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20210198541A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP7125307B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN112638979B (zh)
DE (1) DE112019004343T5 (zh)
WO (1) WO2020044995A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6873412B1 (ja) * 2020-01-17 2021-05-19 ダイセル・エボニック株式会社 硬化性樹脂組成物およびその用途ならびにそれらの製造方法
WO2022030098A1 (ja) * 2020-08-07 2022-02-10 ダイセル・エボニック株式会社 積層体ならびにその製造方法および用途
WO2022097541A1 (ja) * 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 ソニーグループ株式会社 磁気記録媒体、磁気記録カートリッジおよび記録再生装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60188609A (ja) * 1984-03-07 1985-09-26 株式会社スリ−ボンド セルフロッキングねじ部材の製造方法
JPH02153976A (ja) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-13 Nippon Paint Co Ltd 電着塗料組成物
JPH11158436A (ja) * 1997-11-28 1999-06-15 Nippon Paint Co Ltd プレコートメタル用プライマー組成物、塗膜形成方法及び塗装物

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4495317A (en) * 1980-04-25 1985-01-22 Deft Chemical Coatings, Inc. Warer reducible epoxy coating composition
JPH0645753B2 (ja) * 1985-02-21 1994-06-15 三井石油化学工業株式会社 ポリアミド組成物
US4849474A (en) * 1986-01-06 1989-07-18 General Electric Company Moisture reduction in polyamide compositions
JPH01146965A (ja) * 1987-12-02 1989-06-08 Kansai Paint Co Ltd フッ素樹脂塗料用プライマー組成物
DE10040762A1 (de) * 2000-08-19 2002-03-07 Henkel Kgaa Formteile aus Dimerfettsäurefreie Polyamiden
US7160979B2 (en) * 2003-11-24 2007-01-09 Henkel Corporation Polyamides
DE102006002125A1 (de) * 2006-01-17 2007-07-19 Degussa Gmbh Reaktive Schmelzklebstoffe enthaltende Hybridbauteile
US7608216B2 (en) * 2006-12-27 2009-10-27 Freudenberg-Nok General Partnership Methods for preparing articles from processable and dimensionally stable elastomer compositions
CN103781461A (zh) * 2011-09-09 2014-05-07 禾大国际股份公开有限公司 用于个人护理的聚酰胺组合物
CN103694873A (zh) * 2013-11-27 2014-04-02 王传福 耐热指数155℃(f级)的醇溶自粘漆包线漆及制备方法
KR20150135737A (ko) * 2014-05-23 2015-12-03 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 공중합 폴리아미드 수지, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 성형품
US10023696B2 (en) * 2015-03-20 2018-07-17 Shakespeare Company, Llc Medium and high molecular weight long chain aliphatic nylons and methods of making the same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60188609A (ja) * 1984-03-07 1985-09-26 株式会社スリ−ボンド セルフロッキングねじ部材の製造方法
JPH02153976A (ja) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-13 Nippon Paint Co Ltd 電着塗料組成物
JPH11158436A (ja) * 1997-11-28 1999-06-15 Nippon Paint Co Ltd プレコートメタル用プライマー組成物、塗膜形成方法及び塗装物

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2020044995A1 (ja) 2020-03-05
DE112019004343T5 (de) 2021-05-27
JP7125307B2 (ja) 2022-08-24
US20210198541A1 (en) 2021-07-01
CN112638979A (zh) 2021-04-09
JP2020033456A (ja) 2020-03-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN112638979B (zh) 固化性树脂组合物、复合构件及其制造方法
US20210222031A1 (en) Curable resin composition, use thereof, and production method thereof
JP6223473B2 (ja) 金属プラスチックハイブリッド部材用の定着剤組成物及びプライマー組成物
US20070208156A1 (en) Polyurea polymers with improved flexibility using secondary polyetheramines
KR20160078480A (ko) 표면 처리 금속판 및 금속판 복합 수지 성형품
TWI798251B (zh) 含熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜層之複合積層體及製造複合積層體結構的方法
US20160096196A1 (en) Polyoxymethylene polymer composition for fluidized bed coating processes and products made therefrom
US4443519A (en) Bonded plastic structures
JP2017128052A (ja) 積層部材の製造方法
US10246575B2 (en) Metal-plastic hybrid component
US11807718B2 (en) Polyamide moulding compositions for glass composites
KR101135830B1 (ko) 복합 성형체 및 그의 제조 방법, 및 접합용 수지
US4443518A (en) Bonded reinforced plastic structures
US4482604A (en) Bonded reinforced plastic structures
US20160096971A1 (en) Fluidized bed particles having alkaline resistance for coating metal substrates
JP3388619B2 (ja) 二成分型ポリウレタン系接着剤の使用方法
US4542047A (en) Process bonded reinforced plastic structures
US20210246319A1 (en) Epoxy resin-based cathodic electrodeposition (ced) of metal components as an adhesion promoter for pu systems
KR930006250B1 (ko) 반응성 조성물
KR20150139857A (ko) 금속피복재
JP2007146110A (ja) プライマー組成物
CN113710716B (zh) 可固化涂层组合物
KR20170131628A (ko) 표면 처리 금속판
JPH11256128A (ja) アルミニウム板表面被覆用樹脂組成物およびその使用

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
CB02 Change of applicant information
CB02 Change of applicant information

Address after: Tokyo, Japan

Applicant after: Baoli Plastic Evonik Co.,Ltd.

Applicant after: HONDA MOTOR Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Tokyo, Japan

Applicant before: DAICEL-EVONIK Ltd.

Applicant before: HONDA MOTOR Co.,Ltd.

GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant