CN112586208B

CN112586208B - Method for breeding seed potato of Taihe bamboo pole and seedling raising method of Taihe bamboo pole

Info

Publication number: CN112586208B
Application number: CN202011472404.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙静宇; 周庆红; 黄英金; 单楠; 朱强龙; 肖遥; 张宏玉; 王葡萄; 陈欣; 胡锐
Original assignee: Jiangxi Agricultural University
Current assignee: Jiangxi Agricultural University
Priority date: 2020-12-14
Filing date: 2020-12-14
Publication date: 2023-08-15
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-14
Also published as: CN112586208A

Abstract

The application provides a method for breeding Taihe bamboo pole potato seeds and a method for breeding the Taihe bamboo pole potatoes, and relates to the field of breeding. A method of breeding taihe sweet potato seeds comprising: selecting materials to be cut from the tendril of the sweet potato of the Taihe bamboo pole; inserting the stem nodes in the materials to be cut into a matrix, watering and performing moisture preservation treatment, and then sequentially performing shading and light-proof culture, illumination culture and non-moisture preservation culture to obtain the seed potatoes. The seedling raising method of the Taihe sweet potato comprises the following steps: the seed potato is obtained by the method for breeding the seed potato of the Taihe bamboo pole, and then the seed potato is cultivated to obtain the seed potato seedling of the Taihe bamboo pole. The method for breeding the Taihe bamboo pole potato seeds and the seedling method of the Taihe bamboo pole potato can ensure the excellent seed property of the Taihe bamboo pole potato, greatly improve the propagation coefficient, save tubers and reduce the production cost.

Description

Method for breeding seed potato of Taihe bamboo pole and seedling raising method of Taihe bamboo pole

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of breeding, in particular to a method for breeding Taihe bamboo pole potato seeds and a seedling method of the Taihe bamboo pole potatoes.

Background

The Taihe bamboo spar potato belongs to yam types of Dioscoreaceae, dioscorea and brown bract yam (Dioscorea persimilis Prain & Burkill), and is called as the bamboo spar potato because of the shape of the bamboo spar, and is a famous and excellent yam variety in Jiangxi province. The bamboo-pole potato can not be propagated, planted and grown, tubers are often used as propagation materials in production, the seed quantity is large, the cost is high, the seedling emergence is slow, the high yield is not facilitated, the tubers of the bamboo-pole potato are too long to reach deep soil, soil-borne diseases such as nematodes are serious, and the tubers are often spread, so that the prevention and the control are difficult. The purification and rejuvenation by the stem tip detoxification method is high in cost, long in period and low in propagation coefficient, and the healthy development of the bamboo pole and potato industry is seriously affected.

How to solve the problems is an important problem to be solved in the production of Taihe sweet potato.

In view of this, the present application has been made.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a method for breeding Taihe bamboo pole potato seeds and a method for breeding the Taihe bamboo pole potato seeds so as to solve the problems.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for breeding taihe sweet potato seeds, comprising:

selecting materials to be cut from the tendril of the sweet potato of the Taihe bamboo pole;

inserting the stem nodes in the materials to be cut into a matrix, watering and performing moisture preservation treatment, and then sequentially performing shading and light-proof culture, illumination culture and non-moisture preservation culture to obtain the seed potatoes.

Preferably, the upper vines with the height of 50-80cm from the ground are selected as the materials to be cut;

preferably, the material to be cut is sheared according to a leaf with a stem node, and stem segments are reserved at two ends of the stem node;

preferably, the time for selecting the tendril and the sweet potato vines of the bamboo pole is 5-8 months per year;

preferably, 50-120 materials to be cut are selected for each plant of the Taihe bamboo pole potato.

The healthy disease-free bamboo pole plants in the field are selected from the strong growth seasons of the bamboo pole potato in 5-8 months, the leaves are required to be dark green, thick, free of deformity and free of obvious diseases and insect pests, the vines which are positioned at the upper middle part of the plants and are 50-80cm away from the ground are cut as cutting materials, and compared with the vines at the lower part, the strong growth seasons have high activity and high growth speed, and meanwhile, the influence on the growth of underground Chinese yam tubers can be reduced. The whole seedling stage can cut vines on the same plant in batches, and the average number of the blades taken by each plant can reach 50-120, so that 50-120 materials to be cut are obtained.

Cutting is carried out according to a leaf with a stem node, so that a single-leaf single-node cutting material is obtained, the cut stem section is fully utilized, and the propagation coefficient can be furthest enlarged.

Alternatively, the height of the selected vines from the ground may be any of 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, and 50-80 cm.

Preferably, the length of the stem segment is 1-3cm.

If the stem sections at the two ends of the stem section are too short, the stem section can be rotted, so that the cutting survival rate is greatly reduced; if the length is too long, vine resources are wasted on one hand, and cutting is not facilitated on the other hand.

Alternatively, the length of the stem segment may be any value between 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, and 1-3cm.

Preferably, the stem nodes are inserted into the matrix to a depth of 2-4cm.

The control of the cutting depth is mainly used for guaranteeing seedling reviving and rooting and improving the survival rate.

Alternatively, the stem node may be inserted into the matrix to a depth of any of 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, and 2-4cm.

Preferably, the moisture retention treatment ensures that the relative humidity of the culture environment is not less than 90%.

Humidity control is one of the core factors influencing the cutting survival rate, proper humidity is controlled, the transpiration of cutting materials can be effectively controlled, and the cutting leaves can be ensured not to wither, so that rooting and seedling recovery are facilitated, and rooting and potato growth at stem nodes are promoted.

Alternatively, the relative humidity of the culture environment may be a value of 90% or more, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, or the like.

Preferably, the shading and light-shielding cultivation time is 3-5 days;

preferably, the method comprises the steps of,the illumination intensity of the shading and light-shielding culture is 20-40 mu mol.m ^-2 ·s ^-1 。

The purpose of shading and shading is also to control the transpiration of the cutting materials, which is further beneficial to rooting and seedling reviving.

Alternatively, the time of the shading light-shielding cultivation may be any one of 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, and 3-5 days; the illumination intensity of the shading and light-shielding culture can be 20 mu mol m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、25μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、30μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、35μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、40μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 20-40 mu mol m ^-2 ·s ^-1 Any value in between.

Preferably, the illumination intensity of the illumination culture is 60-200 mu mol.m ^-2 ·s ^-1 The illumination period is 14-16h/8-10h, the daytime temperature is 25-28 ℃, and the night temperature is 20-23 ℃;

preferably, the aeration treatment is carried out after the illumination culture is carried out for 5 to 7 days;

preferably, the relative humidity in the ventilated culture environment is 75-90%.

The illumination intensity, the period and the temperature are controlled to reasonably control the growth process of the sweet potato seedlings. The purpose of ventilation is to regulate and control the relative humidity of the culture environment at the stage, and avoid the occurrence of root rot and other conditions.

Alternatively, the illumination intensity of the illumination culture may be 60. Mu. Mol.m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、80μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、100μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、120μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、140μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、160μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、180μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 、200μmol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 60-200 mu mol m ^-2 ·s ^-1 The illumination period can be any value of 14h/10h, 15h/9h, 16h/8h and 14-16h/8-10h, the daytime temperature is 25-28 ℃ and the night temperature is 20-23 ℃; after the illumination culture is carried out for 5-7 days, ventilation treatment is carried out; the saidThe relative humidity within the ventilated culture environment may be any value between 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% and 75-90%.

The illumination period X/Y herein refers to an illumination period X hours, and a non-illumination period Y hours.

Preferably, the non-moisturizing culture comprises:

removing the measure of moisture preservation treatment and carrying out water supplementing and fertilization;

preferably, the non-moisturizing culture is performed 30-45 days after the stem nodes are inserted into the matrix;

preferably, the fertilizing comprises: 1 to 1.5 weight percent of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied for 1 to 2 times.

The moisture-preserving measures can be a relatively closed environment built by plastic films, and can also be a plastic transparent seedling-raising moisture-preserving box with ventilation holes.

The moisturizing is typically performed when the substrate is dry, keeping the substrate moist. Fertilizer application is typically carried out with water replenishment, with fertilizer being added to the substrate with water. The water supplementing and the fertilizer applying are used for promoting the growth of potato blocks obtained by cutting growth.

Alternatively, the starting point for performing the non-moisturizing culture may be any one of 30 days, 35 days, 40 days, 45 days, and 30-45 days after the stem node is inserted into the matrix; the concentration of the applied potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is any value between 1 wt%o, 1.1 wt%o, 1.2 wt%o, 1.3 wt%o, 1.4 wt%o, 1.5 wt%o and 1 wt%o-1.5 wt%o, and the times can be 1 time or 2 times.

Preferably, the seed potato is removed 60-80 days after the stem node is inserted into the substrate.

And when the leaves gradually wither, stopping watering, and digging out potato blocks to obtain the seed potatoes.

Alternatively, the time for taking out the seed potato may be any one of 60 days, 65 days, 70 days, 75 days, 80 days, and 60-80 days after the stem node is inserted into the matrix.

Preferably, the matrix comprises turf, perlite and vermiculite;

preferably, the volume ratio of the turf, the perlite and the vermiculite is (3-5): 1: (0.5-1);

preferably, a disinfectant is added to the matrix for disinfection;

preferably, the disinfectant comprises carbendazim and/or mancozeb;

preferably, 50-100g of said disinfectant is added per cubic meter of said substrate;

preferably, the matrix has a moisture content of 50wt% to 60wt%.

The artificial substrate is used to avoid pest infection, especially nematode infection, in natural soil. It should be noted that the manually formulated substrate may be selected from the group consisting of turf, perlite, and vermiculite.

Optionally, the volume ratio of the turf, the perlite and the vermiculite may be 3:1:0.5, 4:1:0.5, 5:1:0.5, 3:1: 1. 4:1: 1. 5:1:1 and (3-5): 1: any value between (0.5-1); the amount of disinfectant added to the matrix per cubic meter may be any of 50g, 60g, 70g, 80g, 90g, 100g, and 50-100 g; the moisture content of the matrix may be any value between 50wt%, 51wt%, 52wt%, 53wt%, 54wt%, 55wt%, 56wt%, 57wt%, 58wt%, 59wt%, 60wt% and 50wt% to 60wt%.

The application also provides a seedling raising method of the Taihe bamboo pole potato, which comprises the following steps:

the seed potato is obtained by the method for breeding the seed potato of the Taihe bamboo pole, and then the seed potato is cultivated to obtain the seed potato seedling of the Taihe bamboo pole.

Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:

according to the method for breeding the Taihe bamboo pole potato seeds, materials to be cut are selected from the Taihe bamboo pole potato vines, and then the materials are subjected to moisture preservation, shading and light-shielding culture, illumination culture and non-moisture preservation culture, so that the problems that the materials cannot be subjected to sexual reproduction, are not subjected to zero-setting and are seriously limited to large-scale planting are solved;

compared with the existing seedling raising method using potato blocks, the seedling raising method of the Taihe bamboo pole potato provided by the application has the advantages that the production cost is greatly reduced;

the method adopts a cutting mode for breeding, and has the advantages of simple operation, high breeding speed, high breeding coefficient, low cost and the like; the method has high propagation coefficient (more than 50), high potato yield (more than 92 percent) and controllable period (60-80 days), and can provide technical support for large-scale planting of the bamboo pole and the potato.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present application.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the cutting material obtained in example 1;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state after cutting was completed in example 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a nursery moisture box used in example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the seed potato obtained in example 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a plant obtained after planting the seed potato obtained in example 1.

Detailed Description

The term as used herein:

"prepared from … …" is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, step, method, article, or apparatus.

The conjunction "consisting of … …" excludes any unspecified element, step or component. If used in a claim, such phrase will cause the claim to be closed, such that it does not include materials other than those described, except for conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of … …" appears in a clause of the claim body, rather than immediately following the subject, it is limited to only the elements described in that clause; other elements are not excluded from the stated claims as a whole.

When an equivalent, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or a range bounded by a list of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when ranges of "1 to 5" are disclosed, the described ranges should be construed to include ranges of "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a numerical range is described herein, unless otherwise indicated, the range is intended to include its endpoints and all integers and fractions within the range.

In these examples, the parts and percentages are by mass unless otherwise indicated.

"parts by mass" means a basic unit of measurement showing the mass ratio of a plurality of components, and 1 part may be any unit mass, for example, 1g may be expressed, 2.689g may be expressed, and the like. If we say that the mass part of the a component is a part and the mass part of the B component is B part, the ratio a of the mass of the a component to the mass of the B component is represented as: b. alternatively, the mass of the A component is aK, and the mass of the B component is bK (K is an arbitrary number and represents a multiple factor). It is not misunderstood that the sum of the parts by mass of all the components is not limited to 100 parts, unlike the parts by mass.

"and/or" is used to indicate that one or both of the illustrated cases may occur, e.g., a and/or B include (a and B) and (a or B).

Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only for illustrating the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a method for breeding Taihe sweet potato seeds, which comprises the following specific steps:

(1) The seedling raising matrix is prepared according to the volume ratio of turf to perlite to vermiculite=3:1:0.5, 50g of 50wt% carbendazim wettable powder is added into each cubic meter of matrix for sterilization, water is added to enable the water content of the matrix to reach 50wt%, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and then filled into seedling raising bowls (caliber is 6.5cm and height is 6.5 cm) for standby;

(2) Selecting healthy disease-free bamboo spar plants in the field in a season of growing strong bamboo spar potato for 5 months and 20 days, requiring that leaves are dark green, thick, free of deformity and obvious diseases and insect pests, and cutting vines which are positioned at the upper middle part of the plants and are 50cm away from the ground to be used as cutting materials;

the whole seedling stage can cut vines on the same plant in batches, and the average number of the blades taken by each plant is 50;

(3) Removing old diseased leaves and tender leaves at the top ends of the cut vines, and keeping healthy and mature leaves; cutting the vines according to a leaf and a stem node, and reserving stem sections of 3cm at two ends of the stem node to form a single leaf and single node (figure 1);

(4) Inserting single leaves and single knots into seedling pot matrixes, wherein the depth of the stem knots is 2cm below the matrixes, and leaves are left outside the matrixes to be flattened (figure 2);

(5) Watering thoroughly after cutting, putting the seedling pot into a seedling moisturizing box (shown in figure 3, 54cm multiplied by 28cm multiplied by 24 cm) with a transparent plastic cover after the water on the leaves is dried, and covering the cover for moisturizing, controlling the relative humidity to 90%, and shading for 3 days to facilitate rooting and seedling reviving; after 3 days, the shade is removed, and the illumination intensity is 60 mu mol.m ^-2 ·s ^-1 Photoperiod 16h/8h; after 7 days, opening the vent holes on the seedling raising box; during the period, the temperature of the culture environment is kept at 25 ℃ in the daytime and 20 ℃ at night;

(6) The plastic transparent cover can be removed 30 days after cutting, the matrix is supplemented with water when the matrix is dry, the matrix is kept moist, and 1 wt%o of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer can be applied along with water for 2 times, so that potato growth is facilitated;

(7) 60 days after cutting, when the leaves gradually wither, the watering is stopped, potato blocks are dug out, the weight is 3.2-7.7g (figure 4), and the potato blocks can be reserved as a seed for producing the bamboo spar potato in the next year (figure 5 is a plant obtained after planting the seed potato obtained in example 1).

Example 2

(1) The seedling raising matrix is prepared according to the volume ratio of turf to perlite to vermiculite=5:1:1, 100g of 80wt% mancozeb wettable powder is added into each cubic meter of matrix for sterilization, water is added to enable the water content of the matrix to reach 60wt%, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and then filled into seedling raising bowls (caliber is 6.5cm and height is 6.5 cm) for standby;

(2) Selecting healthy disease-free bamboo spar plants in the field in a season of growing strong bamboo spar potato for 7 months and 3 days, requiring that leaves are dark green, thick, free of deformity and obvious diseases and insect pests, and cutting vines which are at the upper middle part of the plants with the height of 80cm from the ground as cutting materials;

the whole seedling stage can cut vines on the same plant in batches, and the average number of the blades taken by each plant is 120;

(3) Removing old diseased leaves and tender leaves at the top ends of the cut vines, and keeping healthy and mature leaves; cutting the vines according to a leaf with a stem node, and reserving stem sections of 1cm at two ends of the stem node to form single leaf single node;

(4) Inserting single leaves and single knots into seedling pot matrixes, wherein the depth of the stem knots is 4cm below the matrixes, and leaves are left outside the matrixes to be flattened;

(5) Watering thoroughly after cutting, putting the seedling pot into a seedling moisturizing box (54 cm multiplied by 28cm multiplied by 24 cm) with a transparent plastic cover after the water on the leaves is dried, and covering the seedling pot with the cover for moisturizing, wherein the relative humidity is required to be more than 90%, and shading for 5 days to facilitate rooting and seedling reviving; after 5 days, the shade is removed, and the illumination intensity is 200 mu mol.m ^-2 ·s ^-1 Photoperiod 14h/10h; after 5 days, opening the vent holes on the seedling raising box; during this period, the culture environment temperature was kept at 28℃during the day and 23℃at night;

(6) Removing the plastic transparent cover 45 days after cutting, supplementing water to the matrix when the matrix is dry, keeping the matrix moist, and applying 1.5 wt%o potassium sulfate compound fertilizer with water for 1 time to facilitate potato growth;

(7) And after 80 days of cuttage, when the leaves gradually wither, stopping watering, digging out potato blocks to obtain seed potatoes, and reserving the seed potatoes as seed for producing the bamboo spar potatoes in the next year.

Example 3

(1) The seedling raising matrix is prepared according to the volume ratio of turf to perlite to vermiculite=4:1:0.8, 80g of 50wt% carbendazim wettable powder is added into each cubic meter of matrix for sterilization, water is added to enable the water content of the matrix to reach 55wt%, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and then filled into seedling raising bowls (caliber is 6.5cm and height is 6.5 cm) for standby;

(2) Selecting healthy disease-free bamboo spar plants in the field in a season of growing strong bamboo spar potato for 8 months and 4 days, requiring that leaves are dark green, thick, free of deformity and obvious diseases and insect pests, and cutting vines which are positioned at the upper middle part of the plants and are 60cm away from the ground to be used as cutting materials;

the whole seedling stage can cut vines on the same plant in batches, and the average number of the blades taken by each plant is 100;

(3) Removing the old diseased leaves and tender leaves at the top of the cut vines, and keeping healthy and mature leaves. Cutting the vines according to a leaf with a stem node, and reserving stem sections of 2cm at two ends of the stem node to form a single leaf single node;

(4) Inserting single leaves and single knots into seedling pot matrixes, wherein the depth of the stem knots is 3cm below the matrixes, and leaves are left outside the matrixes to be flattened;

(5) Watering thoroughly after cutting, putting the seedling pot into a seedling moisturizing box (54 cm multiplied by 28cm multiplied by 24 cm) with a transparent plastic cover after the water on the leaves is dried, covering the seedling pot with the cover for moisturizing, and carrying out shading and light-proof treatment for 4 days with relative humidity of 100 percent so as to facilitate rooting and seedling reviving; after 4 days, the shading measure is removed, and the illumination intensity is 100 mu mol.m ^-2 ·s ^-1 Photoperiod 15h/9h; after 6 days, opening the vent holes on the seedling raising box; the temperature of the culture environment is kept at 26 ℃ in the daytime and 21 ℃ at night;

(6) Removing the transparent plastic cover 40 days after cutting, supplementing water to the matrix when the matrix is dry, keeping the matrix moist, and applying 1.2wt% of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer with water for 2 times to facilitate potato growth;

(7) And (3) after cutting for 70 days, when the leaves gradually wither, stopping watering, digging out potato blocks to obtain seed potatoes, and reserving the seed potatoes as seed for producing the bamboo spar potatoes in the next year.

The number of surviving, the number of potato knots and the potato knot rate of example 1-example 3 were calculated, and the results are shown in the following table 2:

table 1 example survival and potato yield statistics

As can be seen from the above Table 1, the method provided by the embodiment of the application has high survival rate and high potato yield.

Comparative example 1

Unlike example 1, the cultivation was performed without using a nursery box.

Comparative example 2

A method for culturing seedlings by water culture. Specific: cutting off Taihe and the sweet potato vines, and trimming the sweet potato vines into single leaves and single knots. Adding tap water into the water culture basin, and filling; the foam board is perforated, the blades of the bamboo pole potato are inserted into the holes, the blades are flattened upwards, the stem nodes are downward, the length of the lower part of the board is 5-10cm, and the foam board is fixed by a sponge block. The foam plate is covered on the water planting basin, and the stem node end is immersed in water. Culturing in dark place for 1-2 days with light intensity of 20-40 μmol.m ^-2 ·s ^-1 Then culturing with light intensity of 60-200 μmol.m ^-2 ·s ^-1 。

Samples were taken according to 64 leaves, seedlings were grown in different batches by the methods of example 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, and the survival number, the potato number and the potato yield were calculated, and the results are shown in table 2 below:

table 2 statistics of survival and potato yield of examples and comparative examples

Seedling raising mode	Number of blades	Number of surviving	Number of potato knots	Potato forming rate%
					Example 1	64	60	59	92.19
Comparative example 1	64	0	0	0
					Comparative example 2	64	26	0	0

From the comparison of example 1 and comparative example 1 in table 2 above, it is seen that the use of a moisturizing measure is critical to obtain good survival and potato yield; as can be seen from the comparison of the example 1 and the comparative example 2 in the table 2, the method provided by the example of the application has obviously higher survival rate and potato yield than the method of water culture seedling.

From the cost perspective: the method comprises the steps of using traditional potato blocks for seed reserving and seedling raising according to the planting density of 2200 plants/mu, wherein each seed block is calculated according to 60g of average weight, 132kg of the bamboo pole potato blocks are needed for each mu, the market price of the bamboo pole potato is about 16 yuan/kg, and the seed reserving cost of the potato blocks only reaches 2112 yuan/mu. If cutting seedling is carried out by using leaves, the using amount of the matrix is 600L, about 400 yuan; 70 seedling raising boxes, each 25 yuan, can be repeatedly used, and is calculated to be 175 yuan/mu according to 10% depreciation price; the labor cost in the seedling raising process is calculated by 400 yuan, and the cost is 975 yuan, so that the cost can be saved by 1137 yuan per mu.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application.

Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims below, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the application and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for breeding taihe and sweet potato seeds, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

inserting the stem knots in the materials to be cut into a matrix, watering and performing moisture preservation treatment, and then sequentially performing shading and light-proof culture, illumination culture and non-moisture preservation culture to obtain seed potatoes;

selecting upper vines with the height of 50-80cm from the ground as the materials to be cut;

cutting the material to be cut according to a leaf with a stem node, wherein stem sections are reserved at two ends of the stem node;

selecting the tendril and the sweet potato vines in 5-8 months per year;

selecting 50-120 materials to be cut from each plant of Taihe bamboo pole potato;

the length of the stem section is 1-3cm;

the depth of the stem node inserted into the matrix is 2-4cm;

the moisture preservation treatment ensures that the relative humidity of the culture environment is not less than 90%;

the shading and light-shielding cultivation time is 3-5 days;

the illumination intensity of the shading and light-shielding culture is 20-40 mu mol.m ^-2 ·s ^-1 ；

The illumination intensity of the illumination culture is 60-200 mu mol.m ^-2 ·s ^-1 The illumination period is 14-16h/8-10h, the daytime temperature is 25-28 ℃, and the night temperature is 20-23 ℃;

after the illumination culture is carried out for 5-7 days, ventilation treatment is carried out;

the relative humidity in the culture environment after ventilation treatment is 75-90%;

the non-moisturizing culture comprises:

the stem node is inserted into the matrix for 30-45 days, and the non-moisturizing culture is carried out;

the fertilizing comprises: 1 to 1.5 weight percent of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied for 1 to 2 times;

after the stem nodes are inserted into the matrix for 60-80 days, taking out the seed potato;

the matrix comprises turf, perlite and vermiculite;

the volume ratio of the turf to the perlite to the vermiculite is (3-5): 1: (0.5-1);

adding a disinfectant into the matrix for disinfection;

the disinfectant comprises carbendazim and/or mancozeb;

adding 50-100g of the disinfectant into each cubic meter of the substrate;

the water content of the matrix is 50-60 wt%.

2. The seedling raising method of the Taihe sweet potato is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

the method for breeding taihe bamboo pole potato seeds of claim 1, wherein the seeds are obtained, and then the seeds are cultured to obtain taihe bamboo pole potato seedlings.