CN112552394A - 一种牦牛降压肽及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于生物活性肽领域,具体涉及一种耗牛降压肽及其制备方法。本发明耗牛降压肽为七肽,其氨基酸序列为Glu‑Gly‑Leu‑Arg‑Gly‑Pro‑Arg,分子量为783.89Da,本发明耗牛降压肽是从牦牛副产物中提取分离纯化后制得。该产品具有较高的ACE活性,能够有效的降低血压,且安全高,没有明显的毒副作用,原料来自食源性动物,在制备降血压药物或降血压保健食品中有较好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物活性肽领域,具体涉及一种牦牛降压肽及其制备方法。
背景技术
高血压(Hypertension)是一种常见的心血管疾病,是全世界范围内的公共卫生问题,严重危害人类健康。随着生活方式和饮食习惯的改变,高血压的患病率以持续上升的趋势增加,据估计到2025年,全世界高血压患者人数将增到约16亿,而我国将是世界上高血压患者人数最多的国家。因此,预防和治疗高血压疾病的任务迫在眉睫,研究开发多种低毒副作用、高降血压活性的新型药物在我国具有重大的意义。
ACE抑制肽又称为降压肽,是一类能够抑制血管紧张素转化酶活性的多肽,在当前临床上被评定为治疗高血压效果强,毒副作用小的手段。目前化学合成的ACE抑制剂类药物卡托普利、阿拉普利等临床上有一定的副作用和药物依赖性。而酶解食源性蛋白获得的ACE抑制肽不仅可以降低血压,而且安全高,没有明显的毒副作用,可以替代药物以功能性食品的形式用于辅助治疗高血压,是近年来科研人员持续关注的研究热点之一。
食源性降压肽的主要来源有乳蛋白、动物蛋白、植物蛋白以及发酵食品等。对于动物蛋白,其中海洋生物研究较多,而陆地牦牛副产物提取报道较少,其具体的降压肽序列鉴定更是罕见报道。我国是世界上拥有牦牛头数最多的国家,约占全世界的85%,大都繁衍生息在我国青藏高原及周围3000米以上的高寒地区,对于牦牛副产物及废弃物的综合利用方面仍处于起步阶段,本发明从牛副产物中开发降压肽进一步拓展牦牛副产物的精深加工,同时为开发食源性降压肽药物提供一种新的开发思路。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种牦牛降压肽及其制备方法,本发明以牦牛副产物为原料,提取具有降压活性的牦牛降压肽,提取得到的牦牛降压肽毒副作用低,人体吸收效率高,具有抑制血管紧张素转换酶活性的作用,在制备降血压药物或降血压保健食品中有较好的应用前景。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现。
一种降压肽为七肽,其氨基酸序列为Glu-Gly-Leu-Arg-Gly-Pro-Arg,分子量为783.89Da,能明显的抑制血管紧张素转换酶的活性,在食源性降压肽药物或保健品开发方面具有良好的应用前景。
上述牦牛降压肽的制备方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,酶解
将牦牛副产物经预处理后,用复合酶解液酶解4~6h,之后高温灭酶,冷却至常温,离心收集上清液,冷冻干燥制得胶原蛋白肽冻干粉;
步骤S2,超滤
将步骤S1制得的胶原蛋白肽冻干粉用超纯水溶解,然后用截留分子量为3000Da的超滤膜进行分离纯化,将超滤获得的3000Da以下的组分冷冻干燥即得目标降压肽;
步骤S3,分离纯化
A、将步骤S2制备的目标降压肽用半制备液相色谱进行第一次分离纯化,收集不同吸收峰组分的洗脱液进行第一次ACE抑制活性测定,筛选出ACE抑制活性最高的组分;
B、将步骤A筛选出的组分采用半制备液相色谱进行第二次分离纯化,收集不同吸收峰组分的洗脱液进行第二次ACE抑制活性测定,筛选出ACE抑制活性最高的组分;
C、将步骤B筛选出的组分采用分析型液相色谱进行第三次分离纯化,不同吸收峰组分的洗脱液进行第三次ACE抑制活性测定,筛选出ACE抑制活性最高的组分,即为本发明牦牛降压肽。
作为具体技术方案,所述牦牛副产物包括牦牛皮或牦牛骨。
作为具体技术方案,所述步骤S1中,预处理包括脱脂、除杂、清洗、热变性处理。
作为具体技术方案,所述预处理具体步骤为:将牦牛副产物通过Na2CO3和NaCl进行脱脂和除杂处理,之后用纯水清洗干净,放置于80~90℃热水中保温预变性处理2~4h,之后冷却至45~50℃,调节pH 8~9。
作为具体技术方案,所述步骤S1中,复合酶解液为碱性蛋白酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶的复合酶解液。
作为具体技术方案,所述步骤S3中半制备液相色谱采用2cm×25cm,10μm的C18色谱柱;流动相为:水、0.1%TFA,乙腈、0.1%TFA;洗脱梯度为:0~5min,95%水、5%乙腈;5~25min,95%~65%水、5~35%乙腈;26~31min,50%水、50%乙腈;所述分析型液相色谱采用0.46cm×25cm,5μm的C18色谱柱;流动相为:水、0.1%TFA,乙腈、0.1%TFA;洗脱梯度为:0~5min,95%水、5%乙腈;5~25min,85~65%水、15~35%乙腈;26~31min,50%水、50%乙腈。
作为具体技术方案,所述步骤S4中,质谱测定采用LC-MS/MS进行质谱测定,测定条件为:色谱柱为PepMap RPLCC18,75μm i.d.×150mm,3μm,阳离子模式,扫描范围:m/z300~1800Da,发射极喷雾电压2-kV。
上述牦牛降压肽的应用,其特征在于,上述牦牛降压肽应用于降血压药物或降血压保健食品中。
作为具体技术方案,所述降血压药物或降血压保健食品的剂型包括片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、口服液、酒剂、散剂、注射剂、茶剂。
本发明的有益效果为:
1)本发明牦牛降压肽EGLRGPR(Glu-Gly-Leu-Arg-Gly-Pro-Arg)具有稳定的ACE抑制活性,且分子量小,人体易于吸收。
2)本发明牦牛降压肽采用牦牛副产物作为原料,制备方法科学、简单,可大规模生产,拓宽了牦牛副产物的精细加工与附加值,有利于促进牦牛产业的可持续发展。
3)本发明牦牛降压肽通过多级分离纯化制备的降压肽纯度高、活性强,且直接从牦牛副产物中提取制备,产品为食源性,安全性高,能明显的抑制血管紧张素转换酶的活性,在食源性降压肽药物或保健品开发方面具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为实施例2步骤S3中第一次分离纯化的结果图;
图2为实施例2步骤S3中不同组分Ⅰ-Ⅴ对血管紧张素转换酶的抑制活性测定结果图;
图3为实施例2步骤S3中第二次分离纯化的结果图;
图4为实施例2步骤S3中不同组分Ⅴ1-Ⅴ4对血管紧张素转换酶的抑制活性测定结果图;
图5为实施例2步骤S3中第三次分离纯化的结果图;
图6为实施例2步骤S3中不同组分C1-C3对血管紧张素转换酶的抑制活性测定结果图;
图7为实施例3中化学合成降压肽的分离纯化色谱鉴定图;
图8为实施例3中化学合成本发明耗牛降压肽的质谱鉴定图;
图9为实施例3的合成的多肽ACE抑制活性测定结果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的说明,需要指出的是以下实施方式仅是以例举的形式对本发明所做的解释性说明,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此,所有本领域的技术人员以本发明的精神对本发明所做的等效的替换均落入本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种牦牛降压肽,该降压肽为七肽,其氨基酸序列为Glu-Gly-Leu-Arg-Gly-Pro-Arg,分子量为783.89Da。
实施例2
一种降压肽的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,酶解
称取毛牛皮、牦牛骨混合物500g,5%Na2CO3溶液和5%NaCl溶液进行脱脂和除杂处理,之后纯水洗净2~3遍;此步骤中可根据原料大小进行合理的粉碎处理,以方便酶解为宜;清洗后的牦牛副产物按料液质量比1:1~1.5加入90℃的热水,保温2~4h预变性,之后冷却至45~50℃,调节pH8~9,加入碱性蛋白酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶的复合酶液,酶解4~6h,酶解过程可采用震荡、搅拌等辅助措施以加速酶解;酶解完成后高温灭酶,之后冷却至常温,10000rpm离心20min,收集上清液,冷冻干燥得到胶原蛋白肽冻干粉。
步骤S2,超滤
将步骤S1制得的胶原蛋白冻干粉用超纯水溶解,然后用截留分子量为3000Da的超滤膜进行酶解多肽的分离纯化,将超滤获得的3000Da以下的组分冷冻干燥,最终获得目标降压肽52.4g,经测定该目标降压肽具有明显的血管紧张素转换酶抑制活性。
步骤S3,分离纯化
A、将步骤S2制备的目标降压肽配制成1g/mL,采用半制备型色谱进行第一次分离纯化,收集得到5种不同吸收峰组分,按吸收峰的时间范围收集洗脱液,分别命名为Ⅰ~Ⅴ组分,如图1所示;然后对收集的Ⅰ~Ⅴ组分进行第一次ACE活性测定,测定结果如图2所示;由图2可知,组份V的ACE抑制活性最高;
B、选择组分Ⅴ采用半制备液相色谱进行第二次分离纯化,收集不同吸收峰组分,分别命名为Ⅴ1~Ⅴ4组分,如图3所示;然后对Ⅴ1~Ⅴ4组分进行第二次ACE活性测定,测定结果如图4所示;由图4可知,组分Ⅴ4的ACE抑制活性最高;
C、选择组分V4采用分析型液相色谱进行第三次分离纯化,收集到3种不同吸收峰组分,分别命名为C1~C3组分,如图5所示;然后对C1~C3组分进行第三次ACE活性测定,测定结果如图6所示;根据图6可知,C3组分具有最高ACE抑制活性,C3组分即为本发明牦牛降压肽;将本发明牦牛降压肽,即C3组分采用LC-MS/MS进行质谱测定,测定条件为:色谱柱为Thermo scientific EASY column,10cm,ID75μm,3μm,C18-A2,阳离子模式,扫描范围:m/z300–1800Da,发射极喷雾电压2-kV;质谱测定的结果用Mascot2.2软件检索UniProt蛋白数据库分析,测得多肽氨基酸序列为Glu-Gly-Leu-Arg-Gly-Pro-Arg,分子量为783.89Da;
该步骤中,半制备液相色谱采用2cm×25cm,10μm的C18色谱柱;流动相:水(0.1%TFA),乙腈(0.1%TFA),洗脱梯度为:0-5min(95%水,5%乙腈),5-25min(95-65%水,5-35%乙腈),26-31min(50%水,50%乙腈);
分析型液相色谱采用0.46cm×25cm,5μm的C18色谱柱;流动相为:水(0.1%TFA),乙腈(0.1%TFA),洗脱梯度为:0-5min(95%水,5%乙腈),5-25min(85-65%水,15-35%乙腈),26-31min(50%水,50%乙腈);
ACE抑制活性测定方法为:10μL 0.1U/mLACE溶液,加样品20μL,37℃共孵育5min后加入100μL 6.5mM HHL溶液,37℃反应30min,加入170μL 1M HCl终止反应;空白用20μL0.1M硼酸缓冲液代替;反应液过滤后用HPLC测定马尿酸含量;仪器:Waters,色谱柱:C18(4.6×250mm,5μm),流动相:水(0.1%TFA):乙腈(0.1%TFA)=75:25,进样量:20μL,检测波长:228nm;ACE抑制活性即血管紧张素转换酶抑制率,血管紧张素转换酶抑制率(%)=(A-B)/A*100;式中:A为空白组中马尿酸的含量;B为样品组中马尿酸的含量。
实施例3
本发明牦牛降压肽的化学固相合成和ACE抑制活性验证。
一、本发明牦牛降压肽的化学固相合成步骤如下:
(1)分别称取0.1mM,0.65mmol/g的Rink Amide Resin和4倍过量的氨基酸以及5倍过量的HOBT/HATU缩合试剂作为之后的逐个偶联氨基酸的反应体系,以及配置20%的哌啶和5%的N-甲基吗啉(均为与DMF的体积比);
(2)称取取代度为0.65mmol/g的Rink Amide Resin 0.15g用2~3mL的DMF在合成柱中浸泡30min,使其充分膨化,之后用真空泵将DMF抽滤掉;
(3)向膨化后的树脂中加入20%的哌啶2~3mL去保护7min,其间每隔2s在旋转混合仪上摇匀,抽滤掉哌啶,再加适量20%的哌啶进行第二次去保护8min,其间依旧在混合仪上混匀;去保护后真空泵将液体抽干,再用DMF洗涤8次,每次约1.5mL,确保去保护剂洗涤干净;
(4)在进行去保护的同时,活化从C端到N端(Glu-Gly-Leu-Arg-Gly-Pro-Arg)需要依次偶联的氨基酸;取0.19g HATU和0.069g HOBT各一份,以及4倍过量的氨基酸(例如Fmoc-Pro-OH称取0.27g)分别加入0.75ml的5%的N-甲基吗啉,溶解后将两者混合加入需要偶联的氨基酸中,放在旋转混合仪上摇匀,活化时间为15~20min;
(5)将活化好的氨基酸加入到已去保护和DMF洗涤干净的树脂中,震荡使树脂和氨基酸溶液充分混匀,在生物摇床上进行偶联,平放,180rpm,25℃,偶联1h;
(6)偶联完一个氨基酸,依次往下偶联第二个氨基酸时,应先将第一个氨基酸上的Fmoc保护基团去掉,加入20%的哌啶去保护7min,其间每隔2s在旋转混合仪上摇匀,抽滤掉哌啶,再加适量20%的哌啶进行第二次去保护8min,DMF洗涤8次之后再与活化了的第二个氨基酸进行反应;一个循环结束之后重复(3)~(5)的操作;
(7)全部偶联之后,去掉最后一个氨基酸的Fmoc保护,之后用DMF洗涤8次,无水甲醇洗涤8次,获得去保护的七肽树脂;
(8)在去保护的七肽树脂粗品中加入裂解试剂TFA/苯甲醚/苯甲硫醚/二巯基乙烷进行切肽,然后加入乙醚沉淀,即得合成的目标多肽,分离纯化后并对其进行色谱和MALDI-TOF-MS质谱测定,结果分别见图7和图8,质谱测定结果显示合成的牦牛降压肽的分子量为782.65,而与牦牛降压肽Glu-Gly-Leu-Arg-Gly-Pro-Arg的理论分子量783.89Da接近,表明化学固相合成本发明牦牛降压肽成功。
二、化学合成的本发明牦牛降压肽的ACE抑制活性验证
按实施例2中ACE活性测定方法对上述化学固相合成的牦牛降压肽进行活性测定,测定结果见图9。由图9可知,不同浓度的牦牛降压肽(0.0016mg/mL、0.008mg/mL、0.04mg/mL、0.2mg/mL、1mg/mL、5mg/mL)对血管紧张素转换酶的抑制作用分别为6.79%、27.8%、58.4%、74.8%、84.2%、96.5%,具有一定的浓度依赖性,IC50为0.033mg/mL,以上表明本发明牦牛降压肽具有较好的ACE抑制活性,在制备降血压药物或降血压保健食品中有较好的应用前景。
Claims (10)
1.一种牦牛降压肽,其特征在于,其氨基酸序列为Glu-Gly-Leu-Arg-Gly-Pro-Arg,分子量为783.89Da。
2.一种牦牛降压肽的制备方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤:
步骤S1,酶解
将牦牛副产物经预处理后,用复合酶解液酶解4~6h,之后高温灭酶,冷却至常温,离心收集上清液,冷冻干燥制得胶原蛋白肽冻干粉;
步骤S2,超滤
将步骤S1制得的胶原蛋白肽冻干粉用超纯水溶解,然后用截留分子量为3000Da的超滤膜进行分离纯化,将超滤获得的3000Da以下的组分冷冻干燥即得目标降压肽;
步骤S3,分离纯化
A、将步骤S2制备的目标降压肽用半制备液相色谱进行第一次分离纯化,收集不同吸收峰组分的洗脱液进行第一次ACE抑制活性测定,筛选出ACE抑制活性最高的组分;
B、将步骤A筛选出的组分采用半制备液相色谱进行第二次分离纯化,收集不同吸收峰组分的洗脱液进行第二次ACE抑制活性测定,筛选出ACE抑制活性最高的组分;
C、将步骤B筛选出的组分采用分析型液相色谱进行第三次分离纯化,不同吸收峰组分的洗脱液进行第三次ACE抑制活性测定,筛选出ACE抑制活性最高的组分进行序列鉴定,即为本发明牦牛降压肽。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种牦牛降压肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述牦牛副产物包括牦牛皮或牦牛骨。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种牦牛降压肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中,预处理包括脱脂、除杂、清洗、热变性处理。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种牦牛降压肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述预处理具体步骤为:将牦牛副产物通过Na2CO3和NaCl进行脱脂和除杂处理,之后用纯水清洗干净,放置于80~90℃热水中保温预变性处理2~4h,之后冷却至45~50℃,调节pH 8~9。
6.如权利要求2所述的一种牦牛降压肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中,复合酶解液为碱性蛋白酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶的复合酶解液。
7.如权利要求2所述的一种牦牛降压肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中半制备液相色谱采用2cm×25cm,10μm的C18色谱柱;流动相为:水、0.1%TFA,乙腈、0.1%TFA;洗脱梯度为:0~5min,95%水、5%乙腈;5~25min,95%~65%水、5~35%乙腈;26~31min,50%水、50%乙腈;所述分析型液相色谱采用0.46cm×25cm,5μm的C18色谱柱;流动相为:水、0.1%TFA,乙腈、0.1%TFA;洗脱梯度为:0~5min,95%水、5%乙腈;5~25min,85~65%水、15~35%乙腈;26~31min,50%水、50%乙腈。
8.如权利要求2所述的一种牦牛降压肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中,序列测定采用LC-MS/MS进行质谱测定,测定条件为:色谱柱为Thermo scientific EASYcolumn,10cm,ID75μm,3μm,C18-A2;阳离子模式,扫描范围:m/z 300~1800Da,发射极喷雾电压2-kV。
9.一种牦牛降压肽的应用,其特征在于,所述牦牛降压肽应用于降血压药物或降血压保健食品中。
10.如权利要求9所述的一种牦牛降压肽的应用,其特征在于所述降血压药物或降血压保健食品的剂型包括片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、口服液、酒剂、散剂、注射剂、茶剂。
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CN113072621B (zh) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-02-18 | 安徽国肽生物科技有限公司 | 一种牦牛骨降血压肽及其制备方法与应用 |
CN113201065A (zh) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-03 | 国肽生物工程(常德)有限公司 | 一种具有缓解疲劳和改善骨密度功能的牛骨胶原蛋白肽及其制备方法 |
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CN114480541B (zh) * | 2022-01-20 | 2023-05-09 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | 一种具有辅助降血压功效的牛肉营养酶解液、粉及生物活性肽 |
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