CN112551020A

CN112551020A - First-in first-out heavy goods shelf system and goods discharging method

Info

Publication number: CN112551020A
Application number: CN202011291595.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄春兰; 陈平; 徐蕾艳; 陈钰; 杜会敏; 董淑华
Original assignee: Nanjing Vocational College Of Information Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing Vocational College Of Information Technology
Priority date: 2020-11-18
Filing date: 2020-11-18
Publication date: 2021-03-26

Abstract

The invention provides a first-in first-out heavy goods shelf system and a goods delivery method, wherein the system comprises a goods shelf body which is obliquely arranged; the bottom of each tray unit is provided with a stop block; the output end of the goods shelf body is lower than the input end of the goods shelf body; the output end of the goods shelf body is provided with a tray sensor; a stop block sensor is arranged at the bottom of the goods shelf body; along the input end to the output end, the goods shelf body is sequentially provided with a reset unit, a rotating shaft and a driving unit; the reset unit is close to the input end of the goods shelf body; the driving unit comprises a driving device and a cam; a release lever is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a bulge is formed upwards by the release lever towards the rear end of the input end; the protrusion is contacted with the reset unit; the protrusion contacts the stopper to brake the tray unit; the front end of the release lever toward the input end is in contact with the cam. The invention realizes the movement along the goods shelf body by means of gravity, and realizes the first-in first-out criterion between the adjacent tray units through the tray units, the reset unit, the cam and the driving unit.

Description

First-in first-out heavy goods shelf system and goods discharging method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of logistics storage, and particularly relates to a first-in first-out heavy goods shelf system and a goods delivery method.

Background

In the field of logistics and warehousing, first-in first-out is one of important operation criteria, the criteria can directly adopt gravity sliding or other transmission modes to move a packing box under the condition of a light packing box, but the problems of jamming between box bodies, interference between the box bodies during goods taking and the like easily occur when the criteria are applied to the heavy packing box; the FIFO criterion can be solved by implementing a digital automatic shelf system, but when the automatic shelf system is applied to heavy-duty packing boxes, the structure of the automatic shelf system is complex and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a first-in first-out heavy goods shelf system and a goods delivery method. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a first-in first-out heavy goods shelf system comprises a goods shelf body which is obliquely arranged and a tray unit which is arranged on the goods shelf body; the bottom of each tray unit is provided with a stop block;

wherein the output end of the shelf body is lower than the input end of the shelf body; the output end of the goods shelf body is provided with a tray sensor for sensing the tray unit; a stop block sensor for sensing the stop block is arranged at the bottom of the goods shelf body; the stop block sensor is positioned on one side of the stop block;

along the input end to the output end of the goods shelf body, a reset unit, a rotating shaft and a driving unit are sequentially arranged on the goods shelf body; the reset unit and the driving unit are both positioned below the stop block; the reset unit is close to the input end of the goods shelf body; the driving unit comprises a driving device and a cam connected with an output shaft of the driving device;

a release lever is sleeved on the rotating shaft and upwards forms a bulge towards the rear end of the input end; the protrusion is in contact with the reset unit; the projection is in contact with the stopper to brake the tray unit; the release lever contacts the cam toward a front end of the input end.

Preferably, the reset unit comprises a reset bracket fixed on the goods shelf body, the reset bracket is in threaded connection with a sliding cylinder through an adjusting bolt, and the upper end face of the sliding cylinder is open; a reset mandril with a hollow inner part is sleeved in the sliding cylinder; the reset ejector rod is internally provided with a reset elastic element, and one end of the reset elastic element is fixed at the top of the reset ejector rod.

Preferably, the tray unit comprises a tray body, a wheel shaft is arranged on the tray body, a roller bearing is sleeved on the wheel shaft, and an outer ring of the roller bearing is matched with the roller.

Preferably, a wheel cover is sleeved on the wheel shaft; the roller is positioned in the wheel cover; the wheel cover is fixed on the tray body; a cover hole is formed in one end, back to the tray body, of the wheel cover, a pressing cover is clamped in the cover hole, and the pressing cover is connected with the wheel cover through a wheel screw.

Preferably, the cross section of the cam comprises a rectangle and semi-circles symmetrically arranged at two ends of the rectangle; the semicircle is connected with the rectangle.

Preferably, the shelf body comprises a bracket and a left guide rail and a right guide rail which are fixed on the bracket; the support is provided with a controller.

Preferably, the inclination angle of the goods shelf body is 3-8 degrees.

A first-in first-out shipment method is based on the heavy goods shelf system and comprises the following steps:

step 1: in the initial state, the release lever is parallel to the goods shelf body and is in a locking state, and a plane of the cam is in contact with the front end of the release lever; firstly, putting a tray unit into the input end of the shelf body, and then putting a packing box into the tray unit; the tray unit and the packing box move along the shelf body together;

step 2: when the stop block at the tray unit is contacted with the protrusion, the tray unit enters a braking state;

and step 3: when the tray sensor senses that the tray unit is not arranged at the output end of the goods shelf body and the stop block sensor senses that the stop block exists, the controller controls the driving device to operate, the driving device drives the cam to rotate, and in the rotating process of the cam, the rear end of the release lever rotates downwards around the rotating shaft and compresses the reset unit;

and 4, step 4: when the driving device drives the cam to rotate by 90 degrees, stopping rotating until a set time length; at this time, the front end of the release lever is separated from the stopper to realize the brake release of the tray unit;

and 5: the tray unit continues to move along the shelf body; meanwhile, the reset unit resets and the driving device reversely rotates by 90 degrees to reset.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the tray unit with the roller bearing can bear heavy packing boxes below 4000 kilograms and automatically move on the guide rail of the shelf body by means of gravity in sequence, and the reset unit, the cam and the driving unit are matched to automatically release the tray unit bearing the packing boxes one by one, so that the first-in first-out logistics criterion is completely realized.

(2) The released tray unit and the packing box on the tray unit are in an independent state, and the problem that the packing boxes are mutually clamped and mutually interfered does not exist when the tray unit is taken out. Specifically, the tray unit and the packing box move on the goods shelf by gravity, and the reset unit, the cam and the driving unit intermittently work, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected.

(3) The system has no hydraulic element and pneumatic element, has simple mechanism, and has the advantages of low cost, good working environment adaptability, low failure rate and convenient maintenance.

(4) The first-in first-out heavy goods shelf system can form an array in space to form a plurality of rows and a plurality of layers of goods shelves.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first-in-first-out heavy duty racking system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an overall cross-sectional view taken at A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at M;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view taken at N in FIG. 2;

fig. 5 is a structural view of the cam of fig. 1.

Wherein, 1-shelf body, 2-block, 3-block sensor, 4-rear wear plate, 5-release lever, 6-rotating shaft, 7-cam support, 8-front wear plate, 9-output shaft, 10-cam, 11-tray unit, 12-buffer block, 13-tray sensor, 14-reset bracket, 15-reset ejector rod, 16-reset elastic element, 17-adjusting bolt, 18-locking nut, 19-sliding barrel, 20-roller bearing, 21-roller, 22-retainer ring, 23-wheel shaft, 24-gland, 25-wheel screw, 26-left guide rail, 27-guide rail screw, 28-driving device, 29-right guide rail, 30-controller, 31-major axis, 32-minor axis.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown, it being understood that one skilled in the art may modify the invention herein described while still achieving the advantageous effects of the invention. Accordingly, the following description should be construed as broadly as possible to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a first-in first-out heavy duty rack system includes a rack body 1 disposed obliquely and a plurality of tray units 11 sequentially disposed on the rack body 1. Preferably, the inclination angle of the shelf body 1 is 3 to 8 °.

The tray unit 11 carries the packing box and moves from the input end a to the output end b along the shelf body 1 by its own weight. During the movement, when the first tray unit 11 moves to the end, the subsequent tray unit 11 enters the brake release state from the brake state to continue to run along the shelf body 1.

Specifically, the bottom of each tray unit 11 is provided with a stop block 2; the output end of the goods shelf body 1 is lower than the input end of the goods shelf body 1; the output end of the shelf body 1 is provided with a tray sensor 13 for sensing the tray unit 11; a stop block sensor 3 for sensing a stop block 2 is arranged at the bottom of the goods shelf body 1; the stopper sensor 3 is located at one side of the stopper 2. As shown in fig. 2, the stopper sensor 3 is fixed to the shelf body 1 through a pillar.

Along the input end to the output end of goods shelves body 1, set gradually a reset unit, a pivot 6 and a drive unit on goods shelves body 1. The reset unit and the driving unit are both positioned below the stop block 2; the reset unit is close to the input end of the goods shelf body 1; the driving unit comprises a driving device 28 and a cam 10 connected with an output shaft 9 of the driving device 28; the driving device 28 is fixed to a cam bracket 7, and the cam bracket 7 is fixed to the shelf body 1.

A release lever 5 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 6, one end of the release lever 5 facing the input end is a rear end, and the rear end is upwards formed into a bulge; the protrusion is contacted with the reset unit; the projection is in contact with the stopper 2 to brake the tray unit 11; the end of the release lever 5 facing the input end is the front end which is always kept in contact with the cam 10.

The structure of the reset unit is shown in fig. 1-3, and comprises a reset bracket 14 fixed on the goods shelf body 1, wherein the reset bracket 14 is in threaded connection with a sliding cylinder 19 through an adjusting bolt 17, and the upper end face of the sliding cylinder 19 is open; a reset mandril 15 with a hollow inner part is sleeved in the sliding barrel 19; a reset elastic element 16 is arranged inside the reset mandril 15, and one end of the reset elastic element 16 is fixed at the top of the reset mandril 15.

The structure of the tray unit 11 is shown in fig. 2 and 4, and includes a tray body, a wheel shaft 23 is arranged on the tray body, a roller bearing 20 is sleeved on the wheel shaft 23, an outer ring of the roller bearing 20 is matched with rollers 21, wherein the number of the rollers is 4n, and n is greater than or equal to 1. Preferably, a wheel cover is sleeved on the wheel shaft 23; the roller 21 is positioned in the wheel cover; the wheel cover is fixed on the tray body; one end of the wheel casing, which is back to the tray body, is provided with a cover hole, a gland 24 is clamped in the cover hole, and the gland 24 is connected with the wheel casing through a wheel screw 25; a retainer ring 22 is arranged between the roller bearing 20 and the wheel cover, and the retainer ring 22 is sleeved on the wheel shaft 23.

The mutual cooperation working process of the reset unit, the tray unit 11 and the release lever 5 is as follows: when the tray unit 11 needs to release the brake, the driving device 28 drives the cam 10 to rotate so as to drive the release lever 5 to press down the reset mandril 15, at this time, the reset mandril 15 moves downwards along the inner wall of the sliding cylinder 19 and compresses the reset elastic element 16, and when the long shaft end of the cam 10 is contacted with the release lever 5, the brake is released; before the next pallet unit 11 runs to the reset unit, the cam 10 is rotated to be reset while the reset plunger 15 moves upward along the inner wall of the slide cylinder 19 until the release lever 5 comes into contact with the flat surface of the cam 10 to enter the braking state.

In the present embodiment, the long shaft end of the cam 10 is one end of the long shaft 31; a plane of the cam 10 refers to a plane f perpendicular to the minor axis 23.

In the present embodiment, the cross section of the cam 10 is shown in fig. 5, and includes a rectangle and semi-circles symmetrically disposed at both ends of the rectangle; the semi-circle is connected with the rectangle.

In the present embodiment, the shelf body 1 includes a bracket and a left rail 26 and a right rail 29 fixed to the bracket; the controller 30 is arranged on the bracket. The controller 30 is used for receiving signals of the tray sensor 13 and the stopper sensor 3 and controlling the operation and stop of the driving device 28. Preferably, the bump stops 12 at the ends of the bracket are secured to the bracket by guide screws 27.

In the embodiment, the release lever 5 is installed on the rotating shaft 6, the rear end wear plate 4 and the front end wear plate 8 are respectively installed at two ends of the release lever 5, the rear end wear plate 4 is in contact with the reset ejector rod 15, and the front end wear plate 8 is in contact with the cam 10.

In this embodiment, the bottom of the slide cylinder 19 is fitted with an adjusting bolt 17 and a lock nut 18. In practical application, the adjusting bolt 17 can be rotated according to the weight of the packing box loaded by the tray unit 11, the reset force of the reset ejector rod 15 is adjusted, and the release lever 5 can effectively lock the stop block 2 by locking with a locking nut.

The embodiment of the invention can be lengthened and widened according to the size, the weight and the storage capacity of the packing box in practical application, and the embodiment of the invention can be used as units to form an array in space to form a multi-row and multi-layer shelf.

The shipment method of the heavy goods shelf system of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

step 1: in the initial state, a plane of the cam 10 is in contact with the front end of the release lever 5; the release lever 5 is parallel to the goods shelf body 1 and is in a locking state, a plane of the cam 10 is in contact with the front end of the release lever 5, and the release lever 5 is in the locking state under the pushing of the reset unit.

Firstly, a tray unit 11 is put into the input end of the shelf body 1, and then a packing box is put into the tray unit 11; the tray unit 11 and the packing box move together along the shelf body 1.

Step 2: when the stopper 2 at the tray unit 11 comes into contact with the projection, the tray unit 11 enters a braking state. The stop block sensor 3 is positioned at one side of the stop block 2; the stop sensor 3 can now sense the presence of the stop 2.

And step 3: when the tray sensor 13 senses that the tray unit 11 is not arranged at the output end of the shelf body 1 and the stop block sensor 3 senses that the stop block 2 exists, the controller 30 controls the driving device 28 to operate, the driving device 28 drives the cam 10 to rotate, and in the rotating process of the cam 10, the rear end of the release lever 5 rotates downwards around the rotating shaft 6 and compresses the reset ejector rod 15 in the reset unit.

And 4, step 4: stopping rotating when the driving device 28 drives the cam 10 to rotate 90 degrees and reaching a set time length; at this time, the front end of the release lever 5 is separated from the stopper 2 to effect the brake release of the tray unit 11.

And 5: the tray unit 11 continues to move along the shelf body 1; at the same time, the reset unit is reset and the driving device 28 rotates reversely by 90 degrees to reset.

Step 6: before the tray unit 11 carries the packing box and moves to output b department, the tray unit 11 strikes the buffer stop 12 of support tip in order to realize slowing down, and the packing box that moves to b end is in independent state and can conveniently transports machinery such as fork truck and transports away.

After the tray unit 11 at the end b is taken away, the release lever 5 enters the next working cycle of releasing to the locking, so that the packaging boxes move in sequence and the first-in first-out of goods is realized.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A first-in first-out heavy goods shelf system is characterized by comprising a goods shelf body which is obliquely arranged and a tray unit which is arranged on the goods shelf body; the bottom of each tray unit is provided with a stop block;

2. The FIFO heavy duty rack system of claim 1, wherein the reset unit comprises a reset bracket fixed on the rack body, the reset bracket is screwed with a slide cylinder through an adjusting bolt, and the upper end face of the slide cylinder is open; a reset mandril with a hollow inner part is sleeved in the sliding cylinder; the reset ejector rod is internally provided with a reset elastic element, and one end of the reset elastic element is fixed at the top of the reset ejector rod.

3. The fifo heavy shelf system of claim 1, wherein the tray unit comprises a tray body, the tray body is provided with an axle, the axle is sleeved with a roller bearing, and an outer ring of the roller bearing is matched with the roller.

4. The FIFO heavy duty shelving system of claim 3, wherein the axle is sleeved with a wheel cover; the roller is positioned in the wheel cover; the wheel cover is fixed on the tray body; a cover hole is formed in one end, back to the tray body, of the wheel cover, a pressing cover is clamped in the cover hole, and the pressing cover is connected with the wheel cover through a wheel screw.

5. The first-in, first-out heavy duty rack system of claim 1, wherein said cam has a cross section comprising a rectangle and semi-circles symmetrically disposed at both ends of said rectangle; the semicircle is connected with the rectangle.

6. The first-in, first-out heavy duty racking system according to claim 1, wherein said racking body comprises a bracket and left and right rails fixed to said bracket; the support is provided with a controller.

7. The first-in, first-out heavy duty racking system of claim 1, wherein said racking body is inclined at an angle of 3 ° -8 °.

8. A first-in first-out shipment method based on the heavy duty rack system of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of: