CN112549710B - 一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材及其制作工艺 - Google Patents

一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材及其制作工艺 Download PDF

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CN112549710B
CN112549710B CN202011299053.XA CN202011299053A CN112549710B CN 112549710 B CN112549710 B CN 112549710B CN 202011299053 A CN202011299053 A CN 202011299053A CN 112549710 B CN112549710 B CN 112549710B
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邹明选
解忠财
吴海涛
秦安康
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Kejian High Molecular Material Shanghai Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材及其制作工艺，属于建筑防水材料技术领域。包括由上至下依次由非硫化橡胶层、O态铝网层、可热熔高分子层、自粘胶层以及离型膜层复合而成，所述非硫化橡胶层为含有超高分子聚异丁烯、高分子聚异丁烯和聚烯烃弹性体的混合物，所述退火O态铝网层厚度为0.4‑2mm，所述自粘胶层采用丁基密封胶或SBC压敏胶。通过采用非硫化橡胶层，避免沥青的使用，使得加工和成品无苯并芘等有害物质释放；同时维持高强度和易加工性；通过采用O态铝网层，使防水板材获得优异的的挺度和贴附性平衡。

Description

一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材及其制作工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材及其制作工艺，属于建筑防水材料技术领域。
背景技术
目前，防水卷材市场主流仍然使用沥青或者改型沥青卷材，在使用过程中会缓慢释放苯并芘等有毒有害致癌的VOC物质，并伴有难闻气味；沥青基卷材存在沥青带来的热粘冷脆的问题；另一方面，现有的防水卷材其表层为硫化橡胶层，存在能耗高，同时容易存在硫化橡胶层和金属网易剥离问题(破坏形式为粘结破坏)；此外，现有的防水卷材使用普通的铁网，铜网或铝网等金属网，存在贴附性不足和挺度过高的问题。
授权公告号为CN102127267B的发明专利公开了一种橡胶金属复合防水片材结构及其制备方法；它自上而下包括硫化橡胶层、2-8目铝网层、非硫化橡胶层和离型膜层层，各层之间相互复合。制备方法特征在于：将2-8目铝网及硫化型橡胶片相叠粘合，成为2-8目铝网及硫化型橡胶片的叠合片；将非硫化橡胶片与以上叠合片进行叠合，并经过压合辊后，复合成非硫化橡胶片及2-8目铝网及硫化型橡胶片的复合片，再将离型膜层复合在上面，相叠粘合并在卷曲辊上卷曲成卷轴，即得到以硫化型橡胶片及铝网及非硫化橡胶片及离型膜层复合为一体的橡胶金属复合防水片材。上述发明中为了获得强度和硬度表层使用硫化橡胶，同时铝网为普通铝网。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于：提供一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材及其制作工艺，它解决了现有技术中防水卷材存在热粘冷脆，橡胶层和金属网容易剥离，以及存在贴附性不足和挺度过高的问题。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采取以下技术方案来实现：
一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材及其制作工艺，防水卷材由上至下依次由非硫化橡胶层、O态铝网层、可热熔高分子层、自粘胶层以及离型膜层复合而成，所述非硫化橡胶层为含有超高分子聚异丁烯、高分子聚异丁烯和聚烯烃弹性体的混合物，所述O态铝网层厚度为0.4-2mm，所述自粘胶层采用丁基密封胶或SBC压敏胶。
作为优选实例，所述非硫化橡胶层由以下组分按照重量份数比配制而成：超高分子聚异丁烯5-15份、高分子聚异丁烯5-25份、聚烯烃弹性体5-20份、树脂1-10份、增塑剂1-10份、润滑剂0.1-5份、抗氧剂0-5份、增粘剂0-5份、低油值填料20-60份、高吸油值填料0.5-10份、颜料0.1-5份。
作为优选实例，所述O态铝网层厚度为0.5-0.7mm。
作为优选实例，所述热熔层厚度为0.01-1mm，热熔层材质采用PE、EVA或POE中任意一种，热熔层形式采用网膜、连续膜或无纺布中任意一种。
作为优选实例，所述离型膜层采用离型纸、离型膜或防粘砂中任意一种。
一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材及其制作工艺，制作工艺包括以下步骤：
(1)将所述非硫化橡胶层的各组分投入75L或110L密炼机中密炼，温度控制在110-150℃之间，密炼时间为5-25分钟，形成无橡胶颗粒，密炼均匀的橡胶料；
(2)将密炼均匀后的非硫化橡胶层橡胶料喂入挤出机，控制挤出温度在80-120℃之间，挤出成3-8条直径50-200mm胶条，喂入四辊复合机的第一辊和第二辊之间；
(3)将第二层O态铝网层引入四辊复合机的第二辊和第三辊之间，张力控制以无褶皱为准；
(4)将第三层可热熔高分子层，贴着第二层O态铝网层下部进入四辊复合机的第二辊和第三辊之间；
(5)将第一层非硫化橡胶层、第二层O态铝网层、第三层可热熔高分子层经四辊复合后牵引到挤出涂布机并涂布第四层自粘胶层丁基密封胶或SBC压敏胶，挤出温度为60～110℃；
(6)涂布后与离型膜层复合，采用张力控制；
(7)码表计米收卷，采取张力控制。
作为优选实例，所述四辊复合机第一辊辊温设定为80-100℃；第二辊辊温设定为85-105℃；第三辊辊温设定为85-105℃；第四辊辊温设定为40～50℃。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)通过采用非硫化橡胶层，避免沥青的使用，使得加工和成品无苯并芘等有害物质释放；同时维持高强度和易加工性；
(2)通过采用O态铝网层，使防水板材获得优异的的挺度和贴附性平衡；
(3)通过可热熔高分子层使得非硫化橡胶层和O态铝网层机械咬合，剥离强度高；
(4)采用第一层非硫化橡胶层、第二层O态铝网层、第三层可热熔高分子层同时经过四辊压延复合得到，工艺可靠且简单高效。
附图说明
图1为本发明防水卷材的制作工艺示意图。
图中：1、密炼机；2、橡胶料；3、挤出喂料机；41、第一辊；42、第二辊；43、第三辊；44、第四辊；5、压辊；6、O态铝网层；7、可热熔高分子层；8、自粘胶层；9、挤出涂布机；10、离型膜层；11、成品卷。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体图示及实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1：
一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材：
由上至下依次由非硫化橡胶层、O态铝网层6、可热熔高分子层7、自粘胶层8以及离型膜层10复合而成；
第一层非硫化橡胶层橡胶料2重量百分比计，包含如下组分：
超高分子聚异丁烯8份、高分子聚异丁烯15份、聚烯烃弹性体15份、树脂4份、增塑剂(46#工业白油)2份、润滑剂(硬脂酸)2份、抗氧剂0.5份、增粘剂0.5份、低油值填料(重钙1200目)50份、高吸油值填料(超细二氧化硅)2份、颜料(碳黑)1份。
以上组分总计100份投入110L密炼机1中密炼，温度控制在110～150℃；密炼时间为5～25分钟，要求密炼均匀无颗粒。
复合卷材的各层组成和厚度如下：
第一层非硫化橡胶层:橡胶料2A,1.1mm
第二层O态铝网层6:退火O态铝网，0.6mm
第三层可热熔高分子层7:PE热熔膜,0.1mm
第四层自粘胶层8:丁基胶,0.8mm
第五层离型膜层10:双硅离型膜。
一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材的制作工艺：
第一层非硫化橡胶层橡胶料2出料后，喂入挤出喂料机3，控制挤出温度在80-120℃之间，挤出喂料机3挤出成6条直径60mm胶条，喂入四辊复合机的第一辊41和第二辊42之间，四辊复合机第一辊41辊温设定80-100℃；第二辊42辊温设定85-105℃；第三辊43辊温设定85-105℃；第四辊44辊温设定40-50℃。第二层退火O态铝网引入第二辊42和第三辊43之间，张力控制以无褶皱为准。第三层PE热熔膜紧贴着第二层退火O态铝网下部通过压辊5进入第二辊42和第三辊43之间，然后采取压辊5进行张力控制。第一、二、三层经过四辊复合机复合后被牵引到挤出涂布机9并挤出涂布第四层自粘胶层8丁基密封胶，挤出温度为60-110℃，厚度控制在0.8mm，挤出后与第五层离型膜层10双硅离型膜复合，采用压辊5张力控制，最后收卷为成品卷11，收卷采取张力控制。成品卷11的长度用码表计米。
实施例2：
第三层可热熔高分子层7为PE热熔无纺布，其它同实施例1。各层组成和厚度见表2，第一层非硫化橡胶层组成见表1。
Figure BDA0002786278540000041
Figure BDA0002786278540000051
表1
Figure BDA0002786278540000052
表2
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思做出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材，其特征在于：防水卷材由上至下依次由非硫化橡胶层、O态铝网层(6)、可热熔高分子层(7)、自粘胶层(8)以及离型膜层(10)复合而成，所述非硫化橡胶层为含有超高分子聚异丁烯、高分子聚异丁烯和聚烯烃弹性体的混合物，所述O态铝网层(6)厚度为0.4-2mm，所述自粘胶层(8)采用丁基密封胶或SBC压敏胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材，其特征在于，所述非硫化橡胶层由以下组分按照重量份数比配制而成：超高分子聚异丁烯5-15份、高分子聚异丁烯5-25份、聚烯烃弹性体5-20份、树脂1-10份、增塑剂1-10份、润滑剂0.1-5份、抗氧剂0-5份、增粘剂0-5份、低油值填料20-60份、高吸油值填料0.5-10份、颜料0.1-5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材，其特征在于，所述O态铝网层(6)厚度为0.5-0.7mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材，其特征在于，所述热熔层厚度为0.01-1mm，热熔层材质采用PE、EVA或POE中任意一种，热熔层形式采用网膜、连续膜或无纺布中任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材，其特征在于，所述离型膜层(10)采用离型纸、离型膜或防粘砂中任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材的制作工艺，其特征在于，制作工艺包括以下步骤：
(1)将所述非硫化橡胶层的各组分投入75L或110L密炼机(1)中密炼，温度控制在110-150℃之间，密炼时间为5-25分钟，形成无橡胶颗粒，密炼均匀的橡胶料(2)；
(2)将密炼均匀后的非硫化橡胶层橡胶料(2)喂入挤出机，控制挤出温度在80-120℃之间，挤出成3-8条直径50-200mm胶条，喂入四辊复合机的第一辊(41)和第二辊(42)之间；
(3)将第二层O态铝网层(6)引入四辊复合机的第二辊(42)和第三辊(43)之间，张力控制以无褶皱为准；
(4)将第三层可热熔高分子层(7)，贴着第二层O态铝网层(6)下部进入四辊复合机的第二辊(42)和第三辊(43)之间；
(5)将第一层非硫化橡胶层、第二层O态铝网层(6)、第三层可热熔高分子层(7)经四辊复合后牵引到挤出涂布机(9)并涂布第四层自粘胶层(8)丁基密封胶或SBC压敏胶，挤出温度为60～110℃；
(6)涂布后与离型膜层(10)复合，采用张力控制；
(7)码表计米收卷，采取张力控制。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种高性能高分子复合防水卷材的制作工艺，其特征在于，所述四辊复合机第一辊(41)辊温设定为80-100℃；第二辊(42)辊温设定为85-105℃；第三辊(43)辊温设定为85-105℃；第四辊(44)辊温设定为40～50℃。
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