CN112544511A - Device and method for in-vitro hatching of fertilized eggs of crayfish - Google Patents
Device and method for in-vitro hatching of fertilized eggs of crayfish Download PDFInfo
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- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 241000238017 Astacoidea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for hatching crayfish fertilized eggs in vitro.A ultraviolet lamp and a micropore aeration pipe are arranged in a treatment water tank, the upper end of the micropore aeration pipe is connected with an electromagnetic oxygenation pump outside the treatment water tank through an air inlet pipe, one side of the treatment water tank is provided with an incubator mechanism, the inside of the incubator mechanism is provided with an open gear and a horn gear guide rail through a stainless steel bracket, the open gear is provided with a chain, and the chain and the horn gear guide rail are provided with an incubator through a connecting mechanism; the device is simple and convenient to operate, a large number of oosperms can be accommodated in a small space through the in-vitro hatching device, the hatching amount per unit area is increased, the intensive hatching of the oosperms can be realized under the condition that the oosperms are prevented from being infected with water mold on a large scale, embryos taken out of dead oosperms can be continuously hatched in the device, parent shrimps with stripped oosperms can be sold after intensive cultivation, the breeding cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the economic benefit is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a device and a method for in-vitro hatching of crayfish fertilized eggs.
Background
The hatching mode of the fertilized eggs of the crayfish is egg hatching, the fertilized eggs are discharged to the abdomen from a reproductive hole after fertilization, the early-stage membranes of the produced eggs are coated, the fertilized eggs are attached to the appendages (swimming feet) of the crayfish after the fertilized eggs enter an embryonic development stage, generally, a farmer concentrates the egg-carrying shrimps in an indoor cement pond for breeding, the egg-carrying quantity of each egg-carrying shrimp is mostly between 200 and 300 eggs, but the accommodating quantity of the egg-carrying shrimps on a unit water surface is generally not more than 16 tails/m 2, so that the unit area hatching quantity hatched in the traditional hatching mode is lower, and the problem of shortage of crayfish seedlings in the market is indirectly caused. The intensive in-vitro hatching of the crayfish can effectively solve the problem of the hatching amount of unit water, but in-vitro fertilized eggs are easily infected with water mold, so that the mortality rate of the fertilized eggs is high, and the rate of emergence is low.
The hatching mode of the fertilized eggs of the crayfish is egg hatching, the fertilized eggs are discharged to the abdomen from a reproductive hole after fertilization, the early-stage membranes of the produced eggs are coated, the fertilized eggs are attached to the appendages (swimming feet) of the crayfish after the fertilized eggs enter an embryonic development stage, generally, a farmer concentrates the egg-carrying shrimps in an indoor cement pond for breeding, the egg-carrying quantity of each egg-carrying shrimp is mostly between 200 and 300 eggs, but the accommodating quantity of the egg-carrying shrimps on a unit water surface is generally not more than 16 tails/m 2, so that the unit area hatching quantity hatched in the traditional hatching mode is lower, and the problem of shortage of crayfish seedlings in the market is indirectly caused. The intensive in-vitro hatching of the crayfish can effectively solve the problem of the hatching amount of unit water, but in-vitro fertilized eggs are easily infected with water mold, so that the mortality rate of the fertilized eggs is high, and the rate of emergence is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention is directed to an apparatus and a method for in vitro hatching of crawfish fertilized eggs, wherein the apparatus and the method for in vitro hatching of crawfish fertilized eggs disperse fertilized eggs through a vertical circulating hatching mechanism, increase the capacity of the fertilized eggs per unit volume in a layered manner, improve the hatching environment and inhibit water mold in an oxygen-enriched and periodic disinfection manner, avoid cross infection of water mold by timely picking out dead eggs, improve the feeding capacity of crawfish fry seeds, make up the current excellent crawfish fry gaps, and have important significance for supporting the sustainable development of crawfish industry in China.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a device and a method for in-vitro incubation of fertilized eggs of shrimps comprise a water circulation treatment mechanism and a vertical circulation incubation mechanism, wherein the water circulation treatment mechanism comprises a treatment water tank, an ultraviolet lamp, a micropore aeration pipe, an air inlet pipe, an electromagnetic oxygenation pump and an incubation box mechanism, the ultraviolet lamp is arranged on one side inside the treatment water tank, the micropore aeration pipe is arranged on the other side inside the treatment water tank, the upper end of the micropore aeration pipe is connected with the electromagnetic oxygenation pump on the outer side of the treatment water tank through the air inlet pipe, the incubation box mechanism is arranged on one side of the treatment water tank, the vertical circulation incubation mechanism comprises a stainless steel bracket, an open gear, a chain, a horn wheel guide rail, a connecting mechanism and an incubation box, the stainless steel bracket is arranged inside the incubation box mechanism, the open gear is symmetrically arranged on the stainless steel bracket, the open gear is provided with the chain, the horn wheel guide rail is arranged on the stainless, and hatching boxes are arranged on the chain and the horn pulley guide rail through a connecting mechanism.
The further improvement lies in that: incubator mechanism includes incubator body, incubator inlet tube, incubator drain pipe, circulating pipe, heating device and top apron, incubator body one side is through incubator inlet tube intercommunication processing water tank, the incubator body below is equipped with the incubator drain pipe, incubator body one side upper end is through circulating pipe intercommunication processing water tank, the inside one side upper end of incubator body is equipped with heating device, the incubator body upper end is equipped with the top apron.
The further improvement lies in that: the connecting mechanism comprises a sliding block, a triangular support, a connecting rod, an arc positioning piece and a supporting rod, the sliding block is arranged on the corner wheel guide rail, the triangular support is arranged between the sliding block and the chain, the connecting rod is arranged between the triangular supports, the supporting rod is arranged above the connecting rod through the arc positioning piece, and the hatching box is connected below the supporting rod.
The further improvement lies in that: the device is characterized in that a flow rate control mechanism is arranged on the incubator water inlet pipe, the incubator water outlet pipe and the circulating pipe, the flow rate control mechanism is composed of a control valve, a water pump and a flow rate regulating valve, a filter is arranged on the circulating pipe close to the upper end of the treatment water tank, and the filter contains particulate filter cotton, a PES (polyether sulfone) filter membrane and an activated carbon filter element.
The further improvement lies in that: the hatching box is a microporous net box made of polyethylene materials, the diameter of a mesh hole is 2.5mm, the height of the hatching box is 5cm, one side of the open gear penetrates through the hatching box mechanism to be connected with a coupler, one end of the coupler is connected with an external rotating handle, a water tank inlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the treatment water tank, and a water tank outlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the treatment water tank.
An in vitro hatching method for fertilized eggs of crayfish is characterized by comprising the following steps:
opening a water inlet pipe of a water tank, adding water into a treatment water tank to a certain height, opening an electromagnetic oxygenation pump and an ultraviolet lamp, and carrying out ultraviolet disinfection and oxygenation on culture water in the treatment water tank;
step two, opening flow rate control mechanisms on a water inlet pipe and a circulating pipe of the incubator to enable water in the whole device to be circularly exchanged, simultaneously opening a heating device in the incubator body, and setting the appropriate temperature to be 22-25 ℃ according to requirements;
thirdly, selecting the egg-carrying shrimps, gently stripping the fertilized eggs at the abdomens of the egg-carrying shrimps by using sterilized tweezers, soaking the fertilized eggs in 2ml/L formaldehyde solution for treatment for 10min, and then washing the fertilized eggs with culture water for three times;
and step four, rotating the external rotating handle to enable the open gear to drive the chain to rotate, sequentially operating the empty hatching box to the top layer, opening the top cover plate to put the processed fertilized eggs into the hatching box for hatching, simultaneously regularly checking the fertilized eggs infected with saprolegniasis in the hatching box every day, and using the rubber head suction pipe to suck out the mildewed eggs so as to prevent most of the fertilized eggs from being infected with the saprolegniasis.
The further improvement lies in that: and in the second step, the water body exchange frequency is adjusted to 1L/min, the culture water treated in the second step enters the incubator body through the incubator water inlet pipe and then is discharged into the filter through the circulating pipe, and after filtration, the circulating water enters the treatment water tank again.
The further improvement lies in that: the specification of the egg-carrying shrimps selected in the third step is above 30g, the egg-carrying shrimps have good development, black red body color, hard carapace, sound appendages and strong activity.
The further improvement lies in that: and in the fourth step, the fertilized eggs are put into the hatching boxes and are stirred at the same time, so that the fertilized eggs are uniformly distributed in the hatching boxes as much as possible, and each hatching box adopts the same operation to obtain the vertical circulation hatching mechanism with the fertilized eggs distributed.
The further improvement lies in that: the hatching treatment method in the fourth step is to keep micro water flow in the hatching process and rotate the culture water with sufficient dissolved oxygen once every 5 hours by a circulating water device. Adding 2ml/L of formaldehyde solution into the treatment water tank every three days, disinfecting the incubator body and the fertilized eggs by circulating water, soaking the whole device for 15min, and discharging culture water added with a water mold inhibiting reagent through a drain pipe of the incubator.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the vertical circulating hatching mechanism disperses fertilized eggs, the accommodation capacity of the fertilized eggs in unit volume is improved in a layered mode, the oxygen enrichment and periodic disinfection modes are adopted to improve the hatching environment and inhibit water mold, cross infection of the water mold is avoided through the operation of timely picking out dead eggs, the feeding capacity of crayfish fries is improved, the current excellent crayfish fry gap is made up, and the vertical circulating hatching mechanism has important significance for supporting sustainable development of crayfish industry in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the incubator body according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the invention at A.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the hatching operation of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a treatment water tank; 2. an ultraviolet lamp; 3. a microporous aeration pipe; 4. an air inlet pipe; 5. An electromagnetic oxygenation pump; 6. a stainless steel bracket; 7. an open gear; 8. a chain; 9. a corner wheel guide rail; 10. hatching boxes; 11. a hatching box body; 12. a water inlet pipe of the incubator; 13. a water drainage pipe of the incubator; 14. a circulation pipe; 15. a heating device; 16. a top cover plate; 17. a slider; 18. A triangular bracket; 19. a connecting rod; 20. an arc-shaped positioning sheet; 21. a support bar; 22. a flow rate control mechanism; 23. a filter; 24. a coupling; 25. a rotating handle is externally connected; 26. a water inlet pipe of the water tank; 27. and a water outlet pipe of the water tank.
Detailed Description
In order to enhance the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are only illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
According to the figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the embodiment provides a device and a method for hatching fertilized eggs of crayfish in an ex-vivo manner, which comprises a water circulation treatment mechanism and a vertical circulation hatching mechanism, wherein the water circulation treatment mechanism comprises a treatment water tank 1, an ultraviolet lamp 2, a microporous aeration pipe 3, an air inlet pipe 4, an electromagnetic oxygenation pump 5 and a hatching box mechanism, the ultraviolet lamp 2 is arranged on one side inside the treatment water tank 1, the microporous aeration pipe 3 is arranged on the other side inside the treatment water tank 1, the upper end of the microporous aeration pipe 3 is connected with the electromagnetic oxygenation pump 5 outside the treatment water tank 1 through the air inlet pipe 4, the hatching box mechanism is arranged on one side of the treatment water tank 1, the vertical circulation hatching mechanism comprises a stainless steel bracket 6, an open gear 7, a chain 8, a horn wheel guide rail 9, a connecting mechanism and a hatching box 10, the stainless steel bracket 6 is arranged inside the hatching box mechanism, open gear 7 is equipped with to the symmetry on the stainless steel support 6, be equipped with chain 8 on the open gear 7, be equipped with horn ring guide rail 9 on the stainless steel support 6 of 8 outer lanes of chain, be equipped with hatching box 10 through coupling mechanism on chain 8 and the horn ring guide rail 9, can carry out ultraviolet disinfection to the breed water in the treatment water tank 1 through ultraviolet lamp 2, micropore aeration pipe 3 can release a large amount of oxygen to breeding in the water body fast evenly, provides good quality of water condition for breeding.
Incubator mechanism includes incubator body 11, incubator inlet tube 12, incubator drain pipe 13, circulating pipe 14, heating device 15 and top apron 16, incubator body 11 is the organic glass material, incubator body 11 one side is through incubator inlet tube 12 intercommunication processing water tank 1, incubator body 11 below is equipped with incubator drain pipe 13, incubator body 11 one side upper end is through circulating pipe 14 intercommunication processing water tank 1, incubator body 11 inside one side upper end is equipped with heating device 15, incubator body 11 upper end is equipped with top apron 16, and heating device 15 can provide suitable temperature for the hatching of embryonated egg, and incubator inlet tube 12 and circulating pipe 14 can realize the circulation of incubator body 11 internal water flow, and the incubation in-process keeps little rivers.
Coupling mechanism includes sliding block 17, A-frame 18, connecting rod 19, arc spacer 20 and bracing piece 21, be equipped with sliding block 17 on the horn ring guide rail 9, be equipped with A-frame 18 between sliding block 17 and the chain 8, be equipped with connecting rod 19 between the A-frame 18, connecting rod 19 top is equipped with bracing piece 21 through arc spacer 20, hatching box 10 is connected to bracing piece 21 below, can realize that hatching box 10 carries out vertical cyclic motion under the circumstances that keeps the horizontally.
The incubator is characterized in that a flow rate control mechanism 22 is arranged on the incubator water inlet pipe 12, the incubator water outlet pipe 13 and the circulating pipe 14, the flow rate control mechanism 22 is composed of a control valve, a water pump and a flow rate adjusting valve, the circulating pipe 14 is provided with a filter 23 close to the upper end of the treatment water tank 1, the filter 23 comprises particulate filter cotton, a PES (polyether sulfone) filter membrane and an activated carbon filter element, the filter 23 filters large impurities and particles from sewage discharged from the incubator 11 through the particulate filter cotton, the PES filter membrane separates small particles from the sewage, and the activated carbon filter element filters micro impurities and bacteria, so that a relatively clean aquaculture water body is obtained, the aquaculture water body is treated in the treatment water tank again, and circulation is performed.
The hatching box 10 is a micropore net box made of polyethylene materials, the diameter of a mesh is 2.5mm, the height of the hatching box 10 is 5cm, one side of the open gear 7 penetrates through the hatching box mechanism to be connected with a coupler 24, one end of the coupler 24 is connected with an external rotating handle 25, a water tank water inlet pipe 26 is arranged at the upper end of the treatment water tank 1, a water tank water outlet pipe 27 is arranged at the lower end of the treatment water tank 1, and because fertilized eggs have certain viscosity, the micropore net box made of polyethylene materials can stably bear the fertilized eggs and can realize exchange of sufficient dissolved oxygen flow.
Fertilized egg diameter is about 3.0mm and the phenomenon that the egg diameter increases does not appear in hatching earlier stage, egg diameter increases 0.8mm in the earlier stage of going out the membrane, the mesh diameter of establishing can be fit for almost whole crayfish and receive the sperm egg, fertilized egg can not appear and be less than the mesh aperture, and the phenomenon that leads to the egg to drop, and on the basis of guaranteeing that fertilized egg does not drop, great mesh (2.5mm) have made things convenient for the exchange of rivers, can set up a plurality of vertical circulation hatching mechanism in its inside according to the width of incubator body 11, and according to the highly reasonable number that sets up incubation box 10 on the vertical circulation hatching mechanism of incubator body 11, realize the purpose of intensification fertilized egg in the little space.
The device is suitable for the specification of the incubator body 11 with the length of 70cm, the width of 50cm and the height of 60cm, 1 vertical circulating incubation mechanism can be placed in the incubator body 11 with the size, the length of 60cm, the width of 40cm and the height of 56cm of a single vertical circulating incubation mechanism are arranged on the vertical circulating incubation mechanism, 12 incubation boxes 10 are arranged on the vertical circulating incubation mechanism, and the length of 40cm, the width of 30cm and the height of 5cm of a single incubation box 10 are arranged on the vertical circulating incubation mechanism.
An in vitro hatching method for fertilized eggs of crayfish is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, opening a water inlet pipe 26 of a water tank, adding water into a treatment water tank 1 to a certain height, opening an electromagnetic oxygenation pump 5 and an ultraviolet lamp 2, and carrying out ultraviolet disinfection and oxygenation on culture water in the treatment water tank 1;
step two, opening a flow rate control mechanism 22 on a water inlet pipe 12 and a circulating pipe 14 of the incubator to enable water in the whole device to be circularly exchanged and adjust the water exchange frequency to 1L/min, enabling the treated culture water to enter an incubator body 11 through the water inlet pipe 12 of the incubator, then discharging the culture water into a filter 23 through the circulating pipe 14, enabling the circulating water to enter a treatment water tank 1 again after filtering, simultaneously starting a heating device 15 in the incubator body 11, and setting the appropriate temperature to be 22-25 ℃ according to requirements;
selecting egg-carrying shrimps with the weight of more than 30g, good development, black and red body color, hard carapace, sound appendages and strong activity, gently stripping fertilized eggs at the abdomen of the egg-carrying shrimps by using sterilized forceps, soaking the fertilized eggs in 2ml/L formaldehyde solution for treatment for 10min, and then washing the fertilized eggs with culture water for three times;
and fourthly, rotating the external rotating handle 25 to enable the open gear 7 to drive the chain 8 to rotate, sequentially transporting the empty hatching boxes 10 to the top layer, opening the top cover plate 16 to put the processed fertilized eggs into the hatching boxes 10 for hatching, stirring simultaneously to enable the fertilized eggs to be uniformly distributed in the hatching boxes 10 as far as possible, wherein the same operation is adopted for each hatching box 10 to obtain a vertical circulation hatching mechanism with the fertilized eggs distributed, meanwhile, the fertilized eggs infected with saprolegniasis in the hatching boxes 10 are checked at regular time every day, and the mildewed eggs are sucked out and discarded by using a rubber head suction pipe so as to prevent most of the fertilized eggs from being infected by the saprolegniasis, wherein the micro water flow is kept in the hatching process, and the breeding water with sufficient dissolved oxygen is rotated once by a circulating water device every 5 hours. Adding 2ml/L of formaldehyde solution into the treatment water tank 1 every three days, sterilizing the incubator body 11 and the fertilized eggs by circulating water, soaking the whole device for 15min, and discharging culture water added with a water mold inhibiting reagent through an incubator drain pipe 13.
After incubation is carried out for a period of time, in order to ensure good culture water quality, the filter 23 and the treatment water tank 1 are periodically cleaned, the incubator water inlet pipe 12, the incubator water outlet pipe 13 and the circulating pipe 14 of the incubator body 11 are firstly closed, then the water tank water outlet pipe 27 is opened, the residual culture water in the treatment water tank 1 and the circulating pipe 14 is drained, then the filter membrane and the filter core in the filter 23 are replaced by clean filter membranes and filter cores, impurities and stains in the treatment water tank 1 are cleaned completely, then the water tank water inlet pipe 26 is opened for water discharge and disinfection, water discharge and cleaning are continuously carried out after disinfection, and the subsequent incubation daily management operation is the same as the above.
The crayfish oosperm in-vitro hatching device and the crayfish oosperm in-vitro hatching method disperse oosperm through the vertical circulating hatching mechanism, the capacity of the oosperm in unit volume is increased in a layered mode, the hatching environment is improved and the water mold is inhibited in an oxygen-enriched and periodic disinfection mode, cross infection of the water mold is avoided through timely picking out dead oosperm, the feeding capacity of crayfish fries is improved, the current excellent crayfish fry gap is made up, and the crayfish in-vitro hatching device and the method have important significance for supporting sustainable development of crayfish industry in China.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device of hatching of crayfish embryonated egg separation which characterized in that: comprises a water circulation treatment mechanism and a vertical circulation hatching mechanism, wherein the water circulation treatment mechanism comprises a treatment water tank (1), an ultraviolet lamp (2), a micropore aeration pipe (3), an air inlet pipe (4), an electromagnetic oxygenation pump (5) and a hatching box mechanism, the ultraviolet lamp (2) is arranged on one side inside the treatment water tank (1), the micropore aeration pipe (3) is arranged on the other side inside the treatment water tank (1), the upper end of the micropore aeration pipe (3) is connected with the electromagnetic oxygenation pump (5) outside the treatment water tank (1) through the air inlet pipe (4), the hatching box mechanism is arranged on one side of the treatment water tank (1), the vertical circulation hatching mechanism comprises a stainless steel bracket (6), an open gear (7), a chain (8), a horn wheel guide rail (9), a connecting mechanism and a hatching box (10), the stainless steel bracket (6) is arranged inside the hatching box mechanism, open gears (7) are symmetrically arranged on the stainless steel support (6), chains (8) are arranged on the open gears (7), angle wheel guide rails (9) are arranged on the stainless steel support (6) on the outer rings of the chains (8), and hatching boxes (10) are arranged on the chains (8) and the angle wheel guide rails (9) through connecting mechanisms.
2. The device for hatching the fertilized eggs of crayfish in vitro according to claim 1, wherein: incubator mechanism includes incubator body (11), incubator inlet tube (12), incubator drain pipe (13), circulating pipe (14), heating device (15) and top apron (16), incubator body (11) one side is through incubator inlet tube (12) intercommunication processing water tank (1), incubator body (11) below is equipped with incubator drain pipe (13), incubator body (11) one side upper end is through circulating pipe (14) intercommunication processing water tank (1), incubator body (11) inside one side upper end is equipped with heating device (15), incubator body (11) upper end is equipped with top apron (16).
3. The device for hatching the fertilized eggs of crayfish in vitro according to claim 1, wherein: coupling mechanism includes sliding block (17), A-frame (18), connecting rod (19), arc spacer (20) and bracing piece (21), be equipped with sliding block (17) on horn ring guide rail (9), be equipped with A-frame (18) between sliding block (17) and chain (8), be equipped with connecting rod (19) between A-frame (18), connecting rod (19) top is equipped with bracing piece (21) through arc spacer (20), hatching box (10) is connected to bracing piece (21) below.
4. The device for hatching the fertilized eggs of crayfish in vitro according to claim 2, wherein: be equipped with flow rate control mechanism (22) on incubator inlet tube (12), incubator drain pipe (13) and circulating pipe (14), flow rate control mechanism (22) comprise control valve, water pump and velocity of flow governing valve, circulating pipe (14) are close to treatment tank (1) upper end and are equipped with filter (23), contain particulate matter filter pulp, PES filter membrane and active carbon filter core in filter (23).
5. The device for hatching the fertilized eggs of crayfish in vitro according to claim 1, wherein: hatching box (10) are the micropore net box that adopts the polyethylene material to make, and the mesh diameter is 2.5mm, and the height of hatching box (10) is 5cm, open gear (7) one side is passed incubator mechanism and is connected with shaft coupling (24), shaft coupling (24) one end is connected with external turning handle (25), processing water tank (1) upper end is equipped with water tank inlet tube (26), processing water tank (1) lower extreme is equipped with water tank outlet pipe (27).
6. The method for hatching the fertilized eggs of crayfish in vitro according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
opening a water inlet pipe (26) of a water tank, adding water to a certain height in a treatment water tank (1), opening an electromagnetic oxygenation pump (5) and an ultraviolet lamp (2), and carrying out ultraviolet disinfection and oxygenation on culture water in the treatment water tank (1);
step two, opening a flow speed control mechanism (22) on a water inlet pipe (12) and a circulating pipe (14) of the incubator to enable water in the whole device to be circularly exchanged, simultaneously opening a heating device (15) in the incubator body (11), and setting the proper temperature to be 22-25 ℃ according to requirements;
thirdly, selecting the egg-carrying shrimps, gently stripping fertilized eggs at the abdomens of the egg-carrying shrimps by using sterilized tweezers, soaking the fertilized eggs in 2ml/L formaldehyde solution for treatment for 10min, and then washing the fertilized eggs with culture water for three times;
and step four, rotating the external rotating handle (25) to enable the open gear (7) to drive the chain (8) to rotate, sequentially transporting the empty hatching box (10) to the top layer, opening the top cover plate (16) to put the processed fertilized eggs into the hatching box (10) for hatching, checking the fertilized eggs infected with saprolegniasis in the hatching box (10) at regular time every day, and sucking out the mildewed eggs by using a rubber-head suction pipe to prevent most of the fertilized eggs from being infected by the saprolegniasis.
7. The method for hatching the fertilized eggs of crayfish in vitro according to claim 6, wherein: and in the second step, the water body exchange frequency is adjusted to 1L/min, the culture water treated in the second step enters the incubator body (11) through the incubator water inlet pipe (12), then is discharged into the filter (23) through the circulating pipe (14), and after filtration, the circulating water enters the treatment water tank (1) again.
8. The method for hatching the fertilized eggs of crayfish in vitro according to claim 1, wherein: the specification of the egg-carrying shrimps selected in the third step is above 30g, the egg-carrying shrimps are good in development, black and red in body color, hard in carapace, healthy in appendage and strong in activity.
9. The method for hatching the fertilized eggs of crayfish in vitro according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, the fertilized eggs are put into the hatching boxes (10) and stirred simultaneously, so that the fertilized eggs are uniformly distributed in the hatching boxes (10) as far as possible, and each hatching box (10) adopts the same operation to obtain the vertical circulating hatching mechanism with the fertilized eggs distributed.
10. The method for hatching the fertilized eggs of crayfish in vitro according to claim 1, wherein: the hatching treatment method in the fourth step is to keep micro water flow in the hatching process and rotate the culture water with sufficient dissolved oxygen once every 5 hours by a circulating water device. 2ml/L of formaldehyde solution is added into the treatment water tank (1) every three days, the incubator body (11) and the fertilized eggs are disinfected by circulating water, and after the whole device is soaked for 15min, the culture water added with the water mold inhibiting reagent is discharged through an incubator drain pipe (13).
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