A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture fishery, be specifically related to a kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system.
Background technology
Seed breeding is the key link of aquaculture industrial chain upstream, and it is the main development direction of current seedling-raising technique that recirculated water is bred, and is all greatly developing and promoting recirculated water raising technology and equipment both at home and abroad. It is advanced in the world production model that fish recirculated water is bred. It is to integrate the modern science and technology such as civil engineering, machinery, electronics, instrument and meter, chemistry, biology, biotechnology and autonetics, under sealing condition, the links such as the water quality in seed breeding overall process, current, water temperature, bait throwing in, collection dirt, blowdown and circulating water treatment are carried out to semi-automatic or automatically management; Meanwhile, overall monitor is carried out in germplasm, nutrition, growth and disease controls to seed etc., can be under suitable cultivation density condition, maintain from start to finish best ecological environment and physiological status, thereby realize healthy, Fast Growth, keep unit of water body output and quality, and do not produce the efficient fish seed breeding of the one pattern that internal and external environment pollutes.
The cold water fishes such as salmon trout class are the Northern Europe taking Norway, Denmark and the U.S. as representative, the tradition cultivation object of north america. 1850, just there is the artificial incubation of trout in Norway. Since 20 century 70s, the industrially developed country such as Northern Europe, North America relies on its rich Basic Industrial Technology, strengthen modern aquaculture seed breeding research and produced, fund and technology drop into unprecedented scale and speed, and the phase is contained in the development that has welcome cold water fishes seed breeding. Industrially developed country taking the U.S., Canada, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Japan and the country such as Chilean as representative, its aquatic products raising technology has reached advanced stage, the automation control that recycles and produce of its water for larval nursing. In recent years, American-European economic giant has especially obtained breeding of cold water fishes seed the achievement attracting people's attention in aquaculture.
But the aquatic products raising technology equipment of China is on the whole in the development starting stage at present, the fry field of part developed regions has adopted industrial breeding technique equipment, but most areas mainly still adopts the mode of reproduction under indoor water-flowing state. Flowing water is bred because the water quality of industrial water can not, often in optimum state, cause production status unstable, breeds result undesirable. Obviously, developing a kind of novel cold water fishes breeding system has great importance.
201220359379.1, name is called the utility model patent of " a kind of circulating water type fish culture device ", comprise fishpond, water pump, pipeline, characterized by further comprising liquid oxygen tank, sieve bend, protein separator, biological tank, ultraviolet lamp, described liquid oxygen tank is connected with fishpond by pipeline, described fishpond, sieve bend, water pump, protein separator, biological tank, ultraviolet lamp connects successively by pipeline, described ultraviolet lamp is connected with fishpond by pipeline, described sieve bend is arranged in the pipeline that fishpond is connected with water pump, described protein separator is arranged in the pipeline that water pump is connected with biological tank, described ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the pipeline that biological tank is connected with fishpond, in described biological tank, be provided with isopyknic biologic packing material, described biological tank place plane is higher than place, fishpond plane. this patent does not have the liquid oxygen in clear and definite liquid oxygen tank is how to add in fishpond or system, if directly add in water by aeration plate or gas stone etc., the utilization ratio of oxygen is low-down so. the filtering accuracy of sieve bend is very low (millimetre-sized), such filtering accuracy uses in adult fish culture conventionally, if will be difficult to the particulate matter of filtering seed rearing system for seed rearing system, and the sieve bend using in aquaculture at present does not all configure back purge system, automaticity is low, and artificial backwash labour intensity is large. on the other hand, protein separator is almost invalid in freshwater aquiculture system, only and individual other special occasions under Fish-water Fish Farming in have certain effect. therefore the cultivation apparatus of this patent be not suitable for seed rearing.
CN201220213124.4, name is called the utility model patent of " circulating water culture system of high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly ", and described circulating water culture system comprises: culturing pool; Water inlet pipe and return pipe; Oxygen replenishment system; Water treatment system; Ultraviolet ray disinfector; Ultraviolet ray disinfector one side connects return pipe, and ultraviolet ray disinfector opposite side connects the delivery port of water treatment system; In described water treatment system, be connected with in turn according to water (flow) direction: drum-type Microfilter, collecting-tank, sedimentation basin, oxygenation filtering ponds and two moving-bed biofilm reaction tanks; Sedimentation basin, oxygenation filtering ponds and two moving-bed biofilm reaction tanks are connected by the overfall on its top each other. The water treatment link of this patent is mainly the form in " pond ", and inevitable floor space is large, constructs simple and easyly, and behavior adjustment management difficulty is large, and labour intensity is high. The efficiency of collecting-tank, sedimentation basin, oxygenation filtering ponds is all very low under normal circumstances, in conventional circulating water culture system, also abandoned need not, be not more suitable for the cold water fishes seed rearing work under the low saturated dissolved oxygen concentration conditions of highlands low pressure.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for the rupture of membranes rate that solves now conventional Lotic hatching and seed rearing and bring low, the problem such as young postlarva abnormal rate is high, and weed survival rate is low, provides a kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system. This system can be used for rainbow trout, Yadong salmon, Lhasa schizothoracin, different tooth schizothoracin, huge palpus schizothoracin, naked hatch fish roe and the seed rearing that splits the cold water fishes such as buttocks and sharp naked carp in Lhasa, significantly improves the success rate of hatch fish roe and seed rearing. The hatching condition of water quality that overall process is controlled, effectively solves the frequent problem occurring of disease in long-term puzzlement cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing process.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, is characterized in that: comprise one or more fishpond, incubation plate, water treatment system, oxygen supplementing device; Dismountable incubation plate is installed in described fishpond, and the delivery port in described fishpond connects water treatment system and oxygen supplementing device successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device is connected with the water inlet in fishpond by pipeline.
The present invention is placed on incubation plate in fishpond, can realize such process: in the time that this system is used for hatch fish roe, fish-egg is put into hatch fish roe dish and hatch; After fish-egg is hatched, in the yolk bag absorption stage, fry can be continued to be placed in hatch fish roe dish and cultivate, until yolk bag absorbs and completely enters the initial feeding peace trip stage; When fry entered after the flat trip stage, the hatch fish roe dish of inside, fishpond is removed, directly fry is put into fishpond and cultivate. This process can ensure that fish-egg fry all cultivates in same set of system, and concrete operating process also can ensure that fish-egg, fry do not have the chance of any disengaging water body, can avoid because fall the damage that brings to fish-egg, fry of pond and stress as far as possible.
Wei Juxing fishpond, fishpond of the present invention, long 2.0-2.5 rice, wide 0.5-0.6 rice.
The gap of the sidewall of incubation plate of the present invention and fishpond sidewall is 2-6cm. Gap is the smaller the better, will be convenient to take out incubation plate simultaneously.
Incubation plate of the present invention comprises framework and water fender, and described water fender is arranged at the below of a side elevation of framework, and water fender is seamless contact with bottom, fishpond; The bottom surface of this side elevation and framework is network structure. Water is not passed from the neutral gear between incubation plate and fishpond, and must pass through from incubation plate bottom net, the fish-egg of flowing through, then goes out from the logistics of incubation plate side mesh, ensures current trend.
Cold water fish hatch fish roe requires fish-egg periphery will have good water exchange, and can not strenuous exercise at most of stage fish-eggs, so, fish-egg is placed in the net of incubation plate bottom, water, from bottom toward upper reaches, is discharged from incubation plate side, then enters from next incubation plate bottom again, the like, until last incubation plate.
Further preferably, the network structure aperture of described side elevation and framework bottom surface is 1-2mm. Determined by the fish-egg particle size of hatching and the fry size that just hatched.
Further preferably, in fishpond, have side by side multiple incubation plates along water inlet to delivery port direction, water fender is arranged on delivery port direction. Current are entered by incubation plate bottom, flow out, until discharge from the side elevation of last incubation plate from side elevation.
The using method of cold water fishes hatch fish roe of the present invention and seed rearing system is: in the time that system is used for hatch fish roe, in fishpond, the depth of water is 0.25-0.35m, fish-egg is put into incubation plate and hatch; After fish-egg is hatched, in the yolk bag absorption stage, fry is continued to be placed in incubation plate cultivate, when fry entered after the flat trip stage, remove the incubation plate in fishpond, fry is put into fishpond and cultivate, the fishpond depth of water is adjusted into 0.4-0.5m.
Increase water body amount in fishpond, fry hatching out after short-term endosome weight gain all can obviously increase, fry enters the flat after date of swimming and can move about simultaneously, all needs larger activity space. Increase water body amount in fishpond simultaneously, be also conducive to slow down water quality (the such as dissolved oxygen concentration etc.) big ups and downs because various unexpected factors cause.
Before oxygen supplementing device of the present invention, be provided with water pump. Water pump is arranged on the water that can make pressure herein and directly enters fishpond from oxygen supplementing device out, spray and enter one end, rectangle fishpond by the perforated pipe of top, one end, fishpond, be conducive to promote the circulation of fishpond current, optimize fishpond water flow inside exchange, be conducive to improve hatch fish roe success rate.
Oxygen supplementing device of the present invention is oxygen cone, and coefficient of oxygen utilization is high; Oxygen cone itself is a closed container, and is pressure water inlet and pressure breathing, is conducive to the dissolving of oxygen in water body, is applicable to the inefficient problem of dissolved oxygen of avoiding highlands low pressure to cause.
Water treatment system of the present invention is made up of filter, ultraviolet sterilization apparatus and heat exchange coil. Hold back the suspended particulate substance of removing in water body by physics, remove ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen in water body by biofiltration, avoid growing in a large number of harmful bacteria in water body by ultraviolet sterilization, realize the adjusting of water temperature by the heat exchange of heat exchange coil.
Preferably, described filter is made up of the one in solid netted filler or biochemical cotton packing and moving bed biological filtrate, solid netted filler and biochemical cotton packing are mainly considered for holding back trickle particle, for example fry rushes in fish-egg out, the egg membrane fragment producing when rupture of membranes, these two kinds of fillers also have certain biofiltration function simultaneously. Moving bed biological filtrate is mainly the biofiltration of the harmful substances such as the ammonia nitrogen of consideration fry rearing stage generation, and moving bed biological filtrate biological treatment efficiency is higher.
In fishpond of the present invention, be provided with aeration oxygen replenishing device, delay to stop because of the system failure water circulation generation that the quick approach exhaustion of rear dissolved oxygen causes dead ovum or dead movement pattern of fish condition.
Fishpond of the present invention and water treatment system are provided with sewage draining exit.
Preferably, blowdown in a day 1 ~ 2 time, and the water yield of supplementary 10%-11%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, prove through test of many times, hatch fish roe of the present invention and seed rearing system for complete female rainbow trout, Yadong salmon, Lhasa schizothoracin, different tooth schizothoracin, huge must schizothoracin, hatch fish roe rate and weed survival rate when the naked hatch fish roe that splits buttocks and sharp naked carp in Lhasa and seed rearing all reach more than 90%. Hatch fish roe is normal, and the seed growing state of ingesting is normal; Water quality is all right, ammonia nitrogen < 0.05mg/L, nitrite is without the value of detecting, dissolved oxygen > 6mg/L, in hatch fish roe and seed rearing process, occur without diseases such as water molds, system result of use is outstanding, efficiently solves the problem that above-mentioned kind total man's work hatching system equipment lacks.
2, the present invention just incubation plate be placed in fishpond, can ensure that fish-egg fry all cultivates in same set of system, concrete operating process also can ensure that fish-egg, fry do not have the chance of any disengaging water body, can avoid because fall the damage that brings to fish-egg, fry of pond and stress as far as possible.
3, the hatch fish roe of cold water fish requires fish-egg periphery will have good water exchange, and can not strenuous exercise at most of stage fish-eggs. The present invention arranges water fender on incubation plate, water is not passed from the neutral gear between incubation plate and fishpond, and must pass through from incubation plate bottom net, fish-egg is placed in the net of incubation plate bottom, water is from bottom toward upper reaches, the fish-egg of flowing through, then goes out from the logistics of incubation plate side mesh, ensures current trend.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cold water hatch fish roe of the present invention and seed rearing system.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of incubation plate of the present invention.
In figure, be labeled as: 1, fishpond, 2, water treatment system, 3, water pump, 4, oxygen supplementing device, 5, incubation plate, 6, aeration oxygen replenishing device, 7, solid netted filler or biochemical cotton packing, 8, moving bed biological filtrate, 9, ultraviolet sterilization apparatus, 10, heat exchange coil, 11, side elevation, 12, blow-off pipe, 13, framework, 14, water fender.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, essentiality content of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, comprise a fishpond 1, incubation plate 5, water treatment system 2, oxygen supplementing device 4; Dismountable incubation plate 5 is installed in described fishpond 1, and the delivery port in described fishpond 1 connects water treatment system 2 and oxygen supplementing device 4 successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device 4 is connected with the water inlet in fishpond 1 by pipeline.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, comprise a fishpond 1, incubation plate 5, water treatment system 2, oxygen supplementing device 4; Dismountable incubation plate 5 is installed in described fishpond 1, and the delivery port in described fishpond 1 connects water treatment system 2 and oxygen supplementing device 4 successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device 4 is connected with the water inlet in fishpond 1 by pipeline.
Described fishpond 1 is apart from shape fishpond, long 2.0 meters, wide 0.5 meter.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, comprise a fishpond 1, incubation plate 5, water treatment system 2, oxygen supplementing device 4; Dismountable incubation plate 5 is installed in described fishpond 1, and the delivery port in described fishpond 1 connects water treatment system 2 and oxygen supplementing device 4 successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device 4 is connected with the water inlet in fishpond 1 by pipeline.
Described fishpond 1 is apart from shape fishpond, long 2.5 meters, wide 0.6 meter.
The gap of the sidewall of described incubation plate 5 and fishpond 1 sidewall is 2cm.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, comprise fishpond 1, incubation plate 5, water treatment system 2, oxygen supplementing device 4; Dismountable incubation plate 5 is installed in described fishpond 1, and the delivery port in described fishpond 1 connects water treatment system 2 and oxygen supplementing device 4 successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device 4 is connected with the water inlet in fishpond 1 by pipeline.
Described fishpond 1 is apart from shape fishpond, long 2.1 meters, wide 0.55 meter.
The gap of the sidewall of described incubation plate 5 and fishpond 1 sidewall is 6cm.
Described incubation plate 5 comprises framework 13 and water fender 14, and described water fender 14 is arranged at the below of a side elevation 11 of framework 13, and water fender 14 is seamless contact with 1 bottom, fishpond; This side elevation 11 is network structure with the bottom surface of framework 13.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, comprise fishpond 1, incubation plate 5, water treatment system 2, oxygen supplementing device 4; Dismountable incubation plate 5 is installed in described fishpond 1, and the delivery port in described fishpond 1 connects water treatment system 2 and oxygen supplementing device 4 successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device 4 is connected with the water inlet in fishpond 1 by pipeline.
Described fishpond 1 is apart from shape fishpond, long 2.2 meters, wide 0.52 meter.
The gap of the sidewall of described incubation plate 5 and fishpond 1 sidewall is 3cm.
Described incubation plate 5 comprises framework 13 and water fender 14, and described water fender 14 is arranged at the below of a side elevation 11 of framework 13, and water fender 14 is seamless contact with 1 bottom, fishpond; This side elevation 11 is network structure with the bottom surface of framework 13.
The network structure aperture of described side elevation 11 and framework 13 bottom surfaces is 1mm.
Embodiment 6
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, comprise fishpond 1, incubation plate 5, water treatment system 2, oxygen supplementing device 4; Dismountable incubation plate 5 is installed in described fishpond 1, and the delivery port in described fishpond 1 connects water treatment system 2 and oxygen supplementing device 4 successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device 4 is connected with the water inlet in fishpond 1 by pipeline.
Described fishpond 1 is apart from shape fishpond, long 2.3 meters, wide 0.56 meter.
The gap of the sidewall of described incubation plate 5 and fishpond 1 sidewall is 4cm.
Described incubation plate 5 comprises framework 13 and water fender 14, and described water fender 14 is arranged at the below of a side elevation 11 of framework 13, and water fender 14 is seamless contact with 1 bottom, fishpond; This side elevation 11 is network structure with the bottom surface of framework 13.
The network structure aperture of described side elevation 11 and framework 13 bottom surfaces is 2mm.
Fishpond 1 is interior multiple incubation plates 5 side by side along water inlet to delivery port direction, water fender 14 is arranged on delivery port direction.
Embodiment 7
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, comprise fishpond 1, incubation plate 5, water treatment system 2, oxygen supplementing device 4; Dismountable incubation plate 5 is installed in described fishpond 1, and the delivery port in described fishpond 1 connects water treatment system 2 and oxygen supplementing device 4 successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device 4 is connected with the water inlet in fishpond 1 by pipeline.
Described fishpond 1 is apart from shape fishpond, long 2.4 meters, wide 0.55 meter.
The gap of the sidewall of described incubation plate 5 and fishpond 1 sidewall is 5cm.
Described incubation plate 5 comprises framework 13 and water fender 14, and described water fender 14 is arranged at the below of a side elevation 11 of framework 13, and water fender 14 is seamless contact with 1 bottom, fishpond; This side elevation 11 is network structure with the bottom surface of framework 13.
The network structure aperture of described side elevation 11 and framework 13 bottom surfaces is 1.5mm.
Fishpond 1 is interior multiple incubation plates 5 side by side along water inlet to delivery port direction, water fender 14 is arranged on delivery port direction.
Described oxygen supplementing device 4 is oxygen cone, before oxygen cone, is provided with water pump 3.
Embodiment 8
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, comprise multiple fishponds 1, incubation plate 5, water treatment system 2, oxygen supplementing device 4; Dismountable incubation plate 5 is installed in described fishpond 1, and the delivery port in described fishpond 1 connects water treatment system 2 and oxygen supplementing device 4 successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device 4 is connected with the water inlet in fishpond 1 by pipeline.
Described fishpond 1 is apart from shape fishpond, long 2.2 meters, wide 0.5 meter.
The gap of the sidewall of described incubation plate 5 and fishpond 1 sidewall is 5cm.
Described incubation plate 5 comprises framework 13 and water fender 14, and described water fender 14 is arranged at the below of a side elevation 11 of framework 13, and water fender 14 is seamless contact with 1 bottom, fishpond; This side elevation 11 is network structure with the bottom surface of framework 13.
The network structure aperture of described side elevation 11 and framework 13 bottom surfaces is 1.6mm.
Fishpond 1 is interior multiple incubation plates 5 side by side along water inlet to delivery port direction, water fender 14 is arranged on delivery port direction.
Described oxygen supplementing device 4 is oxygen cone, before oxygen cone, is provided with water pump 3.
Described water treatment system 2 is made up of filter, ultraviolet sterilization apparatus 9 and heat exchange coil 10.
Described filter is made up of solid netted filler and moving bed biological filtrate.
Embodiment 9
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, comprise multiple fishponds 1, incubation plate 5, water treatment system 2, oxygen supplementing device 4; Dismountable incubation plate 5 is installed in described fishpond 1, and the delivery port in described fishpond 1 connects water treatment system 2 and oxygen supplementing device 4 successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device 4 is connected with the water inlet in fishpond 1 by pipeline.
Described fishpond 1 is apart from shape fishpond, long 2.5 meters, wide 0.6 meter.
The gap of the sidewall of described incubation plate 5 and fishpond 1 sidewall is 3cm.
Described incubation plate 5 comprises framework 13 and water fender 14, and described water fender 14 is arranged at the below of a side elevation 11 of framework 13, and water fender 14 is seamless contact with 1 bottom, fishpond; This side elevation 11 is network structure with the bottom surface of framework 13.
The network structure aperture of described side elevation 11 and framework 13 bottom surfaces is 1.6mm.
Fishpond 1 is interior multiple incubation plates 5 side by side along water inlet to delivery port direction, water fender 14 is arranged on delivery port direction.
Described oxygen supplementing device 4 is oxygen cone, before oxygen cone, is provided with water pump 3.
Described water treatment system 2 is made up of filter, ultraviolet sterilization apparatus 9 and heat exchange coil 10.
In described fishpond 1, be provided with aeration oxygen replenishing device 6.
Described filter is made up of solid netted filler and moving bed biological filtrate.
Embodiment 10
A kind of cold water fishes hatch fish roe and seed rearing system, comprise multiple fishponds 1, incubation plate 5, water treatment system 2, oxygen supplementing device 4; Dismountable incubation plate 5 is installed in described fishpond 1, and the delivery port in described fishpond 1 connects water treatment system 2 and oxygen supplementing device 4 successively by pipeline, and oxygen supplementing device 4 is connected with the water inlet in fishpond 1 by pipeline.
Described fishpond 1 is apart from shape fishpond, long 2.2 meters, wide 0.55 meter.
The gap of the sidewall of described incubation plate 5 and fishpond 1 sidewall is 4cm.
Described incubation plate 5 comprises framework 13 and water fender 14, and described water fender 14 is arranged at the below of a side elevation 11 of framework 13, and water fender 14 is seamless contact with 1 bottom, fishpond; This side elevation 11 is network structure with the bottom surface of framework 13.
The network structure aperture of described side elevation 11 and framework 13 bottom surfaces is 1.8mm.
Fishpond 1 is interior multiple incubation plates 5 side by side along water inlet to delivery port direction, water fender 14 is arranged on delivery port direction.
Described oxygen supplementing device 4 is oxygen cone, before oxygen cone, is provided with water pump 3.
Described water treatment system 2 is made up of filter, ultraviolet sterilization apparatus 9 and heat exchange coil 10.
In described fishpond 1, be provided with aeration oxygen replenishing device 6.
Described fishpond 1 and water treatment system 2 are provided with sewage draining exit.
Described filter is made up of biochemical cotton packing and moving bed biological filtrate.