Background
In recent decades, the crayfish breeding development is rapid in China, the breeding area is continuously enlarged, the breeding yield is continuously increased, the consumption market is continuously enlarged, the industrial chain is continuously extended, an industrial chain integrating 'fry breeding, healthy breeding, processing export, catering logistics and festival culture' is gradually formed, particularly, since the 'twelve five' industry, the crayfish breeding economic benefit is high, the market prospect is wide and the development situation is good, the crayfish industry is used as a local characteristic leading industry to be manufactured in many areas, and the breeding yield of the crayfish in 2019 countries reaches 208.96 ten thousand tons. However, while the crayfish industry is rapidly developing, the development of the offspring industry is seriously lagged. The crayfish industry source resource is seedling breeding, however, the crayfish fry breeding capability in our province is insufficient, the system is lagged, the breeding mode is simple and extensive, the industrial chain extension is insufficient, the crayfish industry development requirements cannot be met at all, and the intensive efficient breeding technology of good crayfish fries is urgently researched and developed.
The hatching mode of the fertilized eggs of the crayfish is egg hatching, the fertilized eggs are discharged to the abdomen from a reproductive hole after fertilization, the early-stage membranes of the produced eggs are coated, the fertilized eggs are attached to the appendages (swimming feet) of the crayfish after the fertilized eggs enter an embryonic development stage, generally, a farmer concentrates the egg-carrying shrimps in an indoor cement pond for breeding, the egg-carrying quantity of each egg-carrying shrimp is mostly between 200 and 300 eggs, but the accommodating quantity of the egg-carrying shrimps on the unit water surface is generally not more than 16 eggs/m 2, so the unit area hatching quantity of the egg-carrying shrimps hatched in the traditional hatching mode is lower, and the problem of shortage of crayfish seedlings in the market is indirectly caused. Crayfish intensification separation hatching can effectively solve the hatching volume problem of unit water, but separation embryonated egg is susceptible to the aqueous humor, leads to the embryonated egg death rate high, and the rate of emergence is lower, consequently, the utility model provides a device of crayfish embryonated egg separation hatching in order to solve the problem that exists among the prior art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above problem, the utility model aims to provide a device of hatching in vitro of crawfish embryonated egg.
For realizing the purpose of the utility model, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes: a device for hatching crayfish fertilized eggs in vitro comprises a water circulation treatment mechanism and a vertical circulation hatching mechanism, wherein the water circulation treatment mechanism comprises a treatment water tank, an ultraviolet lamp, a micropore aeration pipe, an air inlet pipe, an electromagnetic oxygenation pump and a hatching box mechanism, the ultraviolet lamp is arranged on one side inside the treatment water tank, the micropore aeration pipe is arranged on the other side inside the treatment water tank, the upper end of the micropore aeration pipe is connected with the electromagnetic oxygenation pump on the outer side of the treatment water tank through the air inlet pipe, the hatching box mechanism is arranged on one side of the treatment water tank, the vertical circulation hatching mechanism comprises a stainless steel support, an open gear, a chain, a horn wheel guide rail, a connecting mechanism and a hatching box, the stainless steel support is arranged inside the hatching box mechanism, the open gear is symmetrically arranged on the stainless steel support, the chain is arranged on the open gear, and the horn wheel guide rail is arranged on the stainless steel support on the outer ring of the chain, and hatching boxes are arranged on the chain and the horn pulley guide rail through a connecting mechanism.
The further improvement lies in that: incubator mechanism includes incubator body, incubator inlet tube, incubator drain pipe, circulating pipe, heating device and top apron, incubator inlet tube intercommunication processing water tank is passed through to incubator body one side, the incubator body below is equipped with the incubator drain pipe, incubator body one side upper end is passed through the circulating pipe intercommunication processing water tank, the inside one side upper end of incubator body is equipped with heating device, the incubator body upper end is equipped with the top apron.
The further improvement lies in that: the connecting mechanism comprises a sliding block, a triangular support, a connecting rod, an arc positioning piece and a supporting rod, the sliding block is arranged on the horn ring guide rail, the triangular support is arranged between the sliding block and the chain, the connecting rod is arranged between the triangular supports, the supporting rod is arranged above the connecting rod through the arc positioning piece, and the hatching box is connected below the supporting rod.
The further improvement lies in that: the incubator is characterized in that a flow rate control mechanism is arranged on the incubator water inlet pipe, the incubator water outlet pipe and the circulating pipe, the flow rate control mechanism is composed of a control valve, a water pump and a flow rate regulating valve, a filter is arranged on the circulating pipe close to the upper end of the treatment water tank, and the filter comprises particulate filter cotton, a PES (polyether sulfone) filter membrane and an activated carbon filter element.
The further improvement lies in that: the hatching box is a micropore net box made of polyethylene materials, the diameter of a mesh is 2.5mm, the height of the hatching box is 5cm, one side of the open gear penetrates through the hatching box mechanism to be connected with a coupler, one end of the coupler is connected with an external rotating handle, a water tank inlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the treatment water tank, and a water tank outlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the treatment water tank.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a perpendicular circulation hatching mechanism dispersion embryonated egg adopts the mode of layering to improve the holding capacity of unit volume embryonated egg, and is convenient for observe and handle dead egg grain. Meanwhile, oxygen enrichment and periodic disinfection of the hatching water body can be realized through the hatching box and the processing water tank, so that the hatching environment is improved, water mold is inhibited, the feeding capacity of crayfish fries is improved, the current excellent crayfish fry gap is made up, and the method has important significance for supporting the sustainable development of the crayfish industry in China.
Detailed Description
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the following embodiments will be combined to make the present invention do further details, and the present embodiment is only used for explaining the present invention, and does not constitute the limitation of the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the drawings 1, 2 and 3, the embodiment provides a device for hatching crayfish fertilized eggs in vitro, which comprises a water circulation treatment mechanism and a vertical circulation hatching mechanism, wherein the water circulation treatment mechanism comprises a treatment water tank 1, an ultraviolet lamp 2, a microporous aeration pipe 3, an air inlet pipe 4, an electromagnetic oxygenation pump 5 and a hatching box mechanism, the ultraviolet lamp 2 is arranged on one side inside the treatment water tank 1, the microporous aeration pipe 3 is arranged on the other side inside the treatment water tank 1, the upper end of the microporous aeration pipe 3 is connected with the electromagnetic oxygenation pump 5 outside the treatment water tank 1 through the air inlet pipe 4, the hatching box mechanism is arranged on one side of the treatment water tank 1, the vertical circulation hatching mechanism comprises a stainless steel bracket 6, an open gear 7, a chain 8, a horn wheel guide rail 9, a connecting mechanism and a hatching box 10, the stainless steel bracket 6 is arranged inside the hatching box mechanism, the open gear 7 is symmetrically arranged on the stainless steel bracket 6, be equipped with chain 8 on the open gear 7, be equipped with horn ring guide rail 9 on 8 outer lane stainless steel supports 6 of chain, be equipped with hatching box 10 through coupling mechanism on chain 8 and the horn ring guide rail 9, can carry out ultraviolet ray disinfection to the breed water in the treatment tank 1 through ultraviolet lamp 2, micropore aeration pipe 3 can be to the quick a large amount of oxygen of evenly releasing in the breed water, provides good quality of water condition for breeding.
Incubator mechanism includes incubator body 11, incubator inlet tube 12, incubator drain pipe 13, circulating pipe 14, heating device 15 and top apron 16, incubator body 11 is the organic glass material, incubator body 11 one side is through incubator inlet tube 12 intercommunication processing water tank 1, incubator body 11 below is equipped with incubator drain pipe 13, incubator body 11 one side upper end is through circulating pipe 14 intercommunication processing water tank 1, incubator body 11 inside one side upper end is equipped with heating device 15, incubator body 11 upper end is equipped with top apron 16, and heating device 15 can provide suitable temperature for the hatching of embryonated egg, and incubator inlet tube 12 and circulating pipe 14 can realize the circulation of the interior rivers of incubator body 11, and the incubation in-process keeps little rivers.
Coupling mechanism includes sliding block 17, A-frame 18, connecting rod 19, arc spacer 20 and bracing piece 21, be equipped with sliding block 17 on the horn ring guide rail 9, be equipped with A-frame 18 between sliding block 17 and the chain 8, be equipped with connecting rod 19 between the A-frame 18, connecting rod 19 top is equipped with bracing piece 21 through arc spacer 20, hatching box 10 is connected to bracing piece 21 below, can realize that hatching box 10 carries out vertical cyclic motion under the circumstances that keeps the horizontally.
The incubator water inlet pipe 12, the incubator drain pipe 13 and the circulating pipe 14 are provided with a flow rate control mechanism 22, the flow rate control mechanism 22 is composed of a control valve, a water pump and a flow rate regulating valve, the circulating pipe 14 is provided with a filter 23 near the upper end of the treatment water tank 1, the filter 23 comprises particulate filter cotton, a PES (polyether sulfone) filter membrane and an activated carbon filter element, the filter 23 filters large impurities and particles of sewage discharged from the incubator body 11 through the particulate filter cotton, smaller particles and the like are blocked by the PES filter membrane, and micro impurities and bacteria are filtered by the activated carbon filter element, so that a relatively clean aquaculture water body is obtained, the aquaculture water body is treated again in the treatment water tank, and then circulation is carried out.
The utility model discloses a hatching box, including hatching box 10, coupling 24, shaft coupling 24 one end, external twist grip 25, treatment tank 1 upper end is equipped with water tank inlet tube 26, treatment tank 1 lower extreme is equipped with water tank outlet pipe 27, because the embryonated egg has certain stickness, can bear the weight of the embryonated egg more steadily through the micropore net box of polyethylene material to can realize having the exchange of sufficient dissolved oxygen rivers, hatching box 10 adopts the micropore net box that the polyethylene material made, and the mesh diameter is 2.5mm, and hatching box 10 highly is 5cm, 7 one side of open gear passes hatching box mechanism and is connected with shaft coupling 24, 24 one end of shaft coupling is connected with external twist grip 25, treatment tank 1 upper end is equipped with water tank inlet tube 26, treatment tank 1 lower extreme is equipped with water tank outlet pipe 27, because the embryonated egg has certain stickness.
Fertilized egg diameter is about 3.0mm and the phenomenon that the egg diameter increases does not appear in hatching earlier stage, egg diameter increases 0.8mm in the earlier stage of going out the membrane, the mesh diameter of establishing can be fit for almost whole crayfish fertilized egg, fertilized egg can not appear and be less than the mesh aperture, and the phenomenon that leads to the egg to drop, and on the basis that guarantees that fertilized egg does not drop, great mesh (2.5mm) have made things convenient for the exchange of rivers, can set up a plurality of vertical circulation hatching mechanism in its inside according to the width of incubator body 11, and according to the highly reasonable quantity that sets up incubation box 10 on the vertical circulation hatching mechanism of incubator body 11, realize the purpose of intensification fertilized egg hatching in the little space.
The device is suitable for the specification of the incubator body 11 with the length of 70cm, the width of 50cm and the height of 60cm, 1 vertical circulating incubation mechanism can be placed in the incubator body 11 with the size, the length of 60cm, the width of 40cm and the height of 56cm of a single vertical circulating incubation mechanism are arranged on the vertical circulating incubation mechanism, 12 incubation boxes 10 are arranged on the single incubation box 10, and the length of 40cm, the width of 30cm and the height of 5cm of the single incubation box 10 are arranged on the vertical circulating incubation mechanism.
Use the utility model discloses carry out the embryonated egg in vitro hatching, can refer to following step:
step one, opening a water inlet pipe 26 of a water tank, adding water into a treatment water tank 1 to a certain height, opening an electromagnetic oxygenation pump 5 and an ultraviolet lamp 2, and carrying out ultraviolet disinfection and oxygenation on culture water in the treatment water tank 1;
step two, opening a flow rate control mechanism 22 on a water inlet pipe 12 and a circulating pipe 14 of the incubator to enable water in the whole device to be circularly exchanged and adjust the water exchange frequency to 1L/min, enabling the treated culture water to enter an incubator body 11 through the water inlet pipe 12 of the incubator, then discharging the culture water into a filter 23 through the circulating pipe 14, enabling the circulating water to enter a treatment water tank 1 again after filtering, simultaneously starting a heating device 15 in the incubator body 11, and setting the appropriate temperature to be 22-25 ℃ according to requirements;
selecting egg-carrying shrimps with the weight of more than 30g, good development, black and red body color, hard carapace, sound appendages and strong activity, gently stripping fertilized eggs at the abdomen of the egg-carrying shrimps by using sterilized forceps, soaking the fertilized eggs in 2ml/L formaldehyde solution for treatment for 10min, and then washing the fertilized eggs with culture water for three times;
and step four, rotating the external rotating handle 25 to enable the open gear 7 to drive the chain 8 to rotate, sequentially transporting the empty hatching boxes 10 to the top layer, opening the top cover plate 16 to put the processed fertilized eggs into the hatching boxes 10 for hatching, stirring simultaneously to enable the fertilized eggs to be uniformly distributed in the hatching boxes 10 as far as possible, wherein the same operation is adopted for each hatching box 10 to obtain a vertical circulation hatching mechanism with the fertilized eggs distributed, meanwhile, the fertilized eggs infected with saprolegniasis in the hatching boxes 10 are checked at regular time every day, and the mildewed eggs are sucked out and discarded by using a rubber head suction pipe to prevent most of the fertilized eggs from being infected by the saprolegniasis, wherein the micro water flow is kept in the hatching process, and the breeding water with sufficient dissolved oxygen is rotated once by a circulating water device every 5 hours. Adding 2ml/L of formaldehyde solution into the treatment water tank 1 every three days, sterilizing the incubator body 11 and the fertilized eggs by circulating water, soaking the whole device for 15min, and discharging culture water added with a water mold inhibiting reagent through an incubator drain pipe 13.
After incubation is carried out for a period of time, in order to ensure good culture water quality, the filter 23 and the treatment water tank 1 are periodically cleaned, the incubator water inlet pipe 12, the incubator water outlet pipe 13 and the circulating pipe 14 of the incubator body 11 are firstly closed, then the water tank water outlet pipe 27 is opened, residual culture water in the treatment water tank 1 and the circulating pipe 14 is drained, then the filter membrane and the filter core in the filter 23 are replaced by clean filter membranes and filter cores, impurities and stains in the treatment water tank 1 are cleaned up, then the water tank water inlet pipe 26 is opened for water discharge and disinfection, water discharge and cleaning are continuously carried out after disinfection, and the daily management operation of the subsequent incubation is the same as the above.
This device of crayfish embryonated egg separation hatching adopts the mode of layering to improve the holding capacity of unit volume embryonated egg through perpendicular circulation hatching mechanism dispersion embryonated egg, and is convenient for observe and handle dead egg grain. Meanwhile, oxygen enrichment and periodic disinfection of the hatching water body can be realized through the hatching box and the processing water tank, so that the hatching environment is improved, water mold is inhibited, the feeding capacity of crayfish fries is improved, the current excellent crayfish fry gap is made up, and the method has important significance for supporting the sustainable development of the crayfish industry in China.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are provided only to illustrate the principles of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.