CN104145858A - Large-scale high-density oyster spat breeding system - Google Patents
Large-scale high-density oyster spat breeding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145858A CN104145858A CN201410355641.9A CN201410355641A CN104145858A CN 104145858 A CN104145858 A CN 104145858A CN 201410355641 A CN201410355641 A CN 201410355641A CN 104145858 A CN104145858 A CN 104145858A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aquacultural engineering, and particularly relates to a large-scale high-density oyster spat breeding system. Seawater is purified through a source water treatment device, then enters a biological purifying pool, is pressurized through a water pump and flows through a filling port of a bait trickling pump, seawater carrying high-concentration bait enters a high-density breeding container through an annular spraying-type water incoming pipe, and water flow converges at the bottom of a conical body of the breeding container to be lifted through an air-lift diversion pipe and flows out of the breeding container through a combined-type filtering drum to reenter the purifying pool. The purifying pool is provided with porous fiber filtering cotton, biological filler and a microalgae vitality restoring device, and an aerator pipe is connected inside the air-lift diversion pipe. By the large-scale high-density oyster spat breeding system, bait utilization rate is remarkably increased, closed recycling of breeding water is realized, and the defect that conventional shellfish breeding is large in occupied space, high in water consumption, low in bait utilization rate, large in labor operation quantity and the like is overcome effectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquacultural engineering field, specifically a kind of scale oyster seed high density culture system.
Background technology
It is the Novel seedling raising pattern of a kind of energy-conservation low row, efficient and healthful that the industrialization cycle water of shellfish seed is cultivated, and is the important directions of following shellfish hatchery industry development.The major advantage of this cultivate mode is: in seed rearing process, bait is carried out precision and is thrown something and fed as required, seed rearing density high (>50/ml), water circulation use rate high (>90%), can greatly improve the availability of bait, water resource etc., greatly save soil and utilize area, be convenient to install and shift, save labor cost.
The shellfish seed indoor culture of China adopts extensive style cement pit to cultivate more at present, has the shortcomings such as floor space is large, water consumption is many, bait utilization is low, the work operation amount of labour used is large.The circulation that research and development shellfish seed scale high density is cultivated is an urgent demand of modern agriculture institution development.The high density cultivation that solves Shellfish Larva is key link and the difficult point place of shellfish seed rearing process.
Summary of the invention
The problems referred to above that exist in order to solve current shellfish seed rearing, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of scale oyster seed high density culture system.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention includes source water treatment facilities, biological purifying tank, water pump, bait drip pump, high-density breeding container, annular fountain water inlet pipe, gas stripping type mozzle, combined type filter drum, micro-algae vigor recovery device, the water that wherein source water treatment facilities purifies flows in described biological purifying tank, in this biological purifying tank, being provided with connecting line is connected with described water pump, this water delivery side of pump is connected with the water inlet pipe that is positioned at described high-density breeding container by connecting line, and on this connecting line, be communicated with described bait drip pump, described gas stripping type mozzle is positioned at high-density breeding container bottom central authorities, this gas stripping type mozzle inside arranges aeration gas stone and is connected with outside air pump, between described water inlet pipe and gas stripping type mozzle, be provided with described combined type filter drum, this combined type filter drum is communicated with described biological purifying tank by connecting line, in described biological purifying tank, be provided with micro-algae vigor recovery device, the water that contains bait flow in high-density breeding container by described water inlet pipe, and flow out by the upper end of described gas stripping type mozzle, flow in biological purifying tank through described combined type filter drum, after micro-algae vigor recovery device treatment with irradiation by described biological purifying tank in charge for remittance mouth on connecting line pump and realize circulation by water pump.
Wherein: described biological purifying tank is divided into by central baffle the solubilised state discarded object purifying area that solid particulate matter purifying area and integrated bio filter membrane, aeration, micro-algae vigor recovery device are integrated, described combined type filter drum is connected with this solid particle purifying area by connecting line, has the filtered water stream that supplies solid particle purifying area to the hole of solubilised state discarded object purifying area in the bottom of described central baffle;
Described high-density breeding integral container is cylindrical, and its bottom is conical, and circular cone drift angle is less than 90 °; Described water inlet pipe is annular fountain water inlet pipe, the lateral surface of this annular fountain water inlet pipe along the circumferential direction on the radian of every π/30 cutter wear an apopore, described apopore diameter is less than 1:10 with the ratio of the internal diameter of annular fountain water inlet pipe;
Described high-density breeding container bottom coning angle place is fixed in described gas stripping type mozzle lower end, and be along the circumferential direction evenly equipped with multiple inlet openings with coning angle contact-making surface upper limb, the water that described water inlet pipe flows out flow to the bottom of high-density breeding container, enters in gas stripping type mozzle by described inlet opening, is flowed out by the upper end of described gas stripping type mozzle;
Described combined type filter drum comprises " work " font connecting line and four monomer filter drums, the water side of being somebody's turn to do " work " font connecting line is connected with described biological purifying tank by connecting line, and the water inlet of described " work " font connecting line is all connected with described monomer filter drum; The size of described monomer filter drum diameter d is on average moved about speed v and calculates than ε and cultivation larva according to water body law of communication n, breeding water body volume V, the effective water permeable area of bolting silk, and computing formula is
Described micro-algae vigor recovery device is blue water-proof LED lamp; Described charge for remittance mouth outer cover has 200～300 order ettings; Described source water treatment facilities comprises supermicro filtration membrane, active carbon filter core and ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and this supermicro filtration membrane, active carbon filter core and ultraviolet sterilization lamp are connected successively by water (flow) direction.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1. the shortcomings such as bait utilization of the present invention significantly improves, and cultivates water and realizes closed circulation utilization, has effectively overcome traditional shellfish hatchery floor space large, and water consumption is many, and bait utilization is low, work operational ton is heavy.
2. high-density breeding container of the present invention, by the design of annular fountain water inlet pipe and gas stripping type mozzle, makes the interior current of high-density breeding container even, and has effectively removed the ubiquitous current Dead Core Problems of conical Cultivation container.
3. " work " font connecting line in combined type filter drum of the present invention has not only increased drainage area greatly, while be convenient to independent disassembly, cleaning, the present invention has provided the specific design theoretical foundation of filter drum, to promote the use of the cultivation of other Shellfish Larvas.
4. the present invention has provided design and the installation parameter that micro-algae in a kind of effective raising circulation recycles efficiency and improves micro-algae vigor recovery device of micro-algae vitality.
5. use apparatus of the present invention can realize oyster larva and be not less than 50/ml to the cultivation density of eyebot larvae phase after hatching.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of gas stripping type mozzle in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of combined type filter drum in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is curve of amount of baits figure every day of experimental example one of the present invention;
Wherein: 1 is source water treatment facilities, 2 is biological purifying tank, and 3 is water pump, and 4 is bait drip pump, 5 is high-density breeding container, and 6 is annular fountain water inlet pipe, and 7 is gas stripping type mozzle, 8 is combined type filter drum, and 9 is micro-algae vigor recovery device, and 10 is supermicro filtration membrane, 11 is active carbon filter core, and 12 is ultraviolet sterilization lamp, and 13 is central baffle, 14 is latticed interlayer, and 15 is hole, and 16 is charge for remittance mouth, 17 is inlet opening, and 18 is monomer filter drum, and 19 is " work " font connecting line.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes and comprise source water treatment facilities 1, biological purifying tank 2, water pump 3, bait drip pump 4, high-density breeding container 5, annular fountain water inlet pipe 6, gas stripping type mozzle 7, combined type filter drum 8, micro-algae vigor recovery device 9, wherein the inner filter core of source water treatment facilities 1 comprises supermicro filtration membrane 10, active carbon filter core 11 and ultraviolet sterilization lamp 12, this supermicro filtration membrane 10, active carbon filter core 11 and ultraviolet sterilization lamp 12 are connected successively by water (flow) direction, and the aperture of supermicro filtration membrane 10 is 1～2 μ m.
The delivery port of source water treatment facilities 1 is positioned at the top of biological purifying tank 2, the volume ratio of the volume of this biological purifying tank 2 and high-density breeding container 5 is not less than 1:4, be provided with central baffle 13 along short transverse biological purifying tank 2 is interior, biological purifying tank 2 is separated by central baffle 13, one side is the solid particulate matter purifying area with latticed interlayer 14, and opposite side is the solubilised state discarded object purifying area that integrated bio filter membrane, aeration, micro-algae vigor recovery device 9 are integrated; The bottom of central baffle 16 has multiple holes 15, makes the water after filtering enter opposite side by a side through each hole 15 of bottom.Latticed interlayer 14 along continuous straight runs settings, are placed with porous fibre filter pulp above.In solubilised state discarded object purifying area, be provided with charge for remittance mouth 16, this charge for remittance mouth 16 is connected with the import that is positioned at the water pump 3 outside biological purifying tank 2 by connecting line, the water in biological purifying tank 2 via charge for remittance mouth 16 the effect of water pump 3 dirty go out biological purifying tank 2.
The outlet of water pump 3 is connected with the water inlet pipe that is positioned at high-density breeding container 5 by connecting line, and is being provided with bait drip pump 4 near on the connecting line of high-density breeding container 5.Water pump 3 of the present invention is waterproof water pump, and nominal flow rate is not less than 1m
3/ h; Bait drip pump 4 is the adjustable peristaltic pump of flow velocity, and performance should meet the output speed of 0～1000mL/h.
High-density breeding container 5 entirety are cylindrical, and its bottom is that taper shape, top are cylindrical (or pillar base type), and bottom circular cone drift angle is 60～90 °, and effective breeding water body of container is 300～500 liters; Conical lower section connects blow-off pipe and valve, and peripheral frame plays a supportive role.
Water inlet pipe is positioned at the top of high-density breeding container 5, the water inlet pipe of the present embodiment is annular fountain water inlet pipe 6, this annular fountain water inlet pipe 6 is the annular conduit of pp (acrylic resin) material, with the connecting portion of connecting line be the three-way connection of pp material; On every π/30 of the lateral surface radian of annular fountain water inlet pipe 6, cutter is worn an apopore, and apopore diameter is less than 1:10 with the ratio of annular fountain water inlet pipe 6 internal diameters.
Gas stripping type mozzle 7 is positioned at the below of annular fountain water inlet pipe 6, and the upper end of gas stripping type mozzle 7 is positioned at high-density breeding container 5, and the outside connection of high-density breeding container 5 bottom blow-down Guan Zhongyu is inserted in lower end.As shown in Figure 2, gas stripping type mozzle 7 is managed formation by 40mmPVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipe, 40/50PVC reducing, 50mmPVC respectively from bottom to top, at the 40/50PVC reducing middle part near high-density breeding container 5 conical lower section, along the circumferential direction every the give a farfetched interpretation circular inlet opening 17 of aperture 6～8mm of 2～3mm.The water being flowed out by annular fountain water inlet pipe 6 flow to the conical lower section of high-density breeding container 5, enters in gas stripping type mozzle 7 by inlet opening 17, under gas stripping, is flowed out by the upper end of gas stripping type mozzle 7.
Combined type filter drum 8 is between annular fountain water inlet pipe 6 and gas stripping type mozzle 7, comprise " work " font connecting line 19 and four monomer filter drums 18, as shown in Figure 3, should be formed by elbow, reducing, threeway and the tube connector of organizing PVC material by " work " font connecting line 19 more, the vertical edge of " work " font connecting line 19 is threeway A, the first interface of this threeway A is by the first interface that elbow, reducing are connected with connecting line, the second interface is connected to threeway B by tube connector, and the 3rd interface of threeway A is connected to the first interface of threeway C by tube connector; Second and third interface of threeway B by tube connector and reducing connecting bend, is all installed a monomer filter drum 18 respectively on each elbow; Second and third interface of threeway C by tube connector and reducing connecting bend, is all installed a monomer filter drum 18 respectively on each elbow.The bolting silk diagonal aperture of the monomer filter drum 18 of the present embodiment is 60 μ m.Monomer filter drum 18 diameter (d, the cm of unit) size according to water body law of communication (n, unit circulation/day), breeding water body volume (V, the L of unit), the effective water permeable area of bolting silk is than (ε) and the cultivation larva speed (v that on average moves about, the mm/s of unit) and calculate, computing formula is
more than each monomer filter drum 18 all can be promoted to the water surface being flowed out by gas stripping type mozzle 7 one end by the rotation of " work " font connecting line 19, to realize the function of independent replacing and cleaning.
Micro-algae vigor recovery device 9 is positioned at the solubilised state discarded object purifying area of biological purifying tank 2, and micro-algae vigor recovery device 9 of the present embodiment is blue water-proof LED lamp, and light source power is that every 100 liters of breeding water bodies use the lamp source of 5 watts.There are 200～300 order ettings in charge for remittance mouth 16 outer cover, the water that enters culture system is filtered again.
Operation principle of the present invention is:
Sand filter water enters biological purifying tank 2 after the deep purifying of the supermicro filtration membrane 10 in source water treatment facilities 1, active carbon filter core 11 and ultraviolet sterilization lamp 12; Water in biological purifying tank 2, and carries the bait that bait drip pump 4 injects and enters high-density breeding container 5 through charge for remittance mouth 16 under the effect of water pump 3, by annular fountain water inlet pipe 6 at the even descending current of the interior formation of high-density breeding container 5; Current spoke gathers cone bottom center position, in inlet opening 17 enters gas stripping type mozzle 7, under gas stripping, flowed out by mozzle 7 upper ends, realized water body directed flow, stirring and oxygenation object in system, and the dead angle, bottom of effectively eliminating conical cultivation equipment; Current complete after cycle period, discharge high-density breeding container 5 by combined type filter drum 8, again enter biological purifying tank 2; In biological purifying tank 2, larva excreta is by the porous fibre filter pulp filtering on latticed interlayer 14, metabolite ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are by microbial degradation, the micro-algae of residual bait is irradiated rejuvenation through blue water-proof LED lamp (micro-algae vigor recovery device 9) and again enters in system, completes a circulation.Adopt the flowing water high density seedling-cultivating method of culture system of the present invention, bait utilization significantly improves, and cultivates water and realizes closed circulation utilization, has effectively overcome traditional shellfish hatchery floor space large, the shortcomings such as water consumption is many, and bait utilization is low, work operational ton is heavy; Oyster larva can be cultured to the eyespot phase with the cultivation density that is not less than 50/mL.
Experimental example one
Breeding facility parameter: effectively breeding water body 500L, clarifier-tank water body 200L, more than oxygenating air DO maintains 6.1mg/L, salinity 30～32,21 DEG C～27 DEG C of water temperatures, pH 8.1～8.3.
To in hatching pail, hatch to D shape larva with the density of 80/ml through Portuguese oyster (Crassostrea angulata) fertilized egg of dissecting fertilization, wash after ovum, now shell is about 70 μ m.Continue to cultivate 12h left and right, reach the long 75 μ m of shell and collect, and be transferred in system of the present invention and cultivate after using purifying sea water to clean after the sclerosis of larva shell, initial breeding density is 52/ml.After 30d cultivates, larval growth is to long 290 microns of average shell, and survival rate is 91%, and now approximately 30% larva has had eyespot, is transferred to spatfall pond and collects seedling.As shown in Figure 4, bait throwing in kind is chlorella to every daily ration of feeding.
Experimental example two
Breeding facility parameter: effectively breeding water body 500L, clarifier-tank water body 200L, more than oxygenating air DO maintains 6.1mg/L, salinity 30～32,26 DEG C～29 DEG C of water temperatures, pH 8.1～8.3.
Larva pretreatment process is with embodiment 1, and cultivation initial density is set as 100/ml, and after 23d cultivates, larval growth is to long 290 microns of average shell, and survival rate is 65%, and now approximately 30% larva has had eyespot, is transferred to spatfall pond and collects seedling.Breeding process bait feeding amount is with reference to figure 4.
Technical parameter of the present invention is learned basic research based on larval behavior, and the construction parameter of key facility equipment has been provided to computing formula, has determined theoretical parameter of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a scale oyster seed high density culture system, it is characterized in that: comprise source water treatment facilities (1), biological purifying tank (2), water pump (3), bait drip pump (4), high-density breeding container (5), annular fountain water inlet pipe (6), gas stripping type mozzle (7), combined type filter drum (8), micro-algae vigor recovery device (9), the water that wherein source water treatment facilities (1) purifies flows in described biological purifying tank (2), in this biological purifying tank (2), being provided with connecting line is connected with described water pump (3), the outlet of this water pump (3) is connected with the water inlet pipe that is positioned at described high-density breeding container (5) by connecting line, and on this connecting line, be communicated with described bait drip pump (4), described gas stripping type mozzle (7) is positioned at high-density breeding container (5) bottom center, this gas stripping type mozzle (7) inside arranges aeration gas stone and is connected with outside air pump, between described water inlet pipe and gas stripping type mozzle (7), be provided with described combined type filter drum (8), this combined type filter drum (8) is communicated with described biological purifying tank (2) by connecting line, in described biological purifying tank (2), be provided with micro-algae vigor recovery device (9), the water that contains bait flow in high-density breeding container (5) by described water inlet pipe (6), and flow out by the upper end of described gas stripping type mozzle (7), flow in biological purifying tank (2) through described combined type filter drum (8), after micro-algae vigor recovery device (9) treatment with irradiation, pump and realize circulation by water pump (3) by the charge for remittance mouth (16) on connecting line in described biological purifying tank (2).
2. by scale oyster seed high density culture system claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: described biological purifying tank (2) is divided into by central baffle (13) the solubilised state discarded object purifying area that solid particulate matter purifying area and integrated bio filter membrane, aeration, micro-algae vigor recovery device (9) are integrated; described combined type filter drum (8) is connected with this solid particle purifying area by connecting line, has the filtered water stream that supplies solid particle purifying area to the hole (15) of solubilised state discarded object purifying area in the bottom of described central baffle (13).
3. by scale oyster seed high density culture system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high-density breeding container (5) entirety is for cylindrical, and its bottom is conical, and circular cone drift angle is less than 90 °.
4. by scale oyster seed high density culture system claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: described water inlet pipe is annular fountain water inlet pipe (6); the lateral surface of this annular fountain water inlet pipe (6) along the circumferential direction on the radian of every π/30 cutter wear an apopore, the ratio of the internal diameter of described apopore diameter and annular fountain water inlet pipe (6) is less than 1:10.
5. by scale oyster seed high density culture system claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: coning angle place, described high-density breeding container (5) bottom is fixed in described gas stripping type mozzle (7) lower end; and be along the circumferential direction evenly equipped with multiple inlet openings (17) with coning angle contact-making surface upper limb; the water that described water inlet pipe flows out flow to the bottom of high-density breeding container (5), enters in gas stripping type mozzle (7) by described inlet opening (17), is flowed out by the upper end of described gas stripping type mozzle (7).
6. by scale oyster seed high density culture system claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: described combined type filter drum (8) comprises " work " font connecting line (19) and four monomer filter drums (18); the water side of being somebody's turn to do " work " font connecting line (19) is connected with described biological purifying tank (2) by connecting line, and the water inlet of described " work " font connecting line (19) is all connected with described monomer filter drum (18).
7. by scale oyster seed high density culture system claimed in claim 6; it is characterized in that: the size of described monomer filter drum (18) diameter d is on average moved about speed v and calculates than ε and cultivation larva according to water body law of communication n, breeding water body volume V, the effective water permeable area of bolting silk, and computing formula is
8. by scale oyster seed high density culture system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described micro-algae vigor recovery device (9) is blue water-proof LED lamp.
9. by scale oyster seed high density culture system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described charge for remittance mouth (16) outer cover has 200～300 order ettings.
10. by scale oyster seed high density culture system claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: described source water treatment facilities (1) comprises supermicro filtration membrane (10), active carbon filter core (11) and ultraviolet sterilization lamp (12), this supermicro filtration membrane (10), active carbon filter core (11) and ultraviolet sterilization lamp (12) are connected successively by water (flow) direction.
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| CN201410355641.9A CN104145858B (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2014-07-24 | A kind of scale oyster fry high-density culture system |
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| CN201410355641.9A CN104145858B (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2014-07-24 | A kind of scale oyster fry high-density culture system |
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| CN105145461A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-16 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Rising and falling flow culture facility suitable for juvenile mollusk culture |
| CN105794706A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-27 | 付顺林 | Ecological-type closed-water-recycling aquaculture system |
| CN106472396A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-03-08 | 郑仕伟 | A kind of fishery cultivating Water warfare blood circulation |
| CN107810890A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-20 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | The demersal egg hatching system that can be recycled |
| CN108388276A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-08-10 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of cultivation circulation controlling means, control device and system |
| CN109287579A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-01 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of shellfish sinking high density collect seedling facility and its application method |
| CN110771570A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-11 | 福州大学 | Rana spinosa egg hatching device and working method thereof |
| CN114731975A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-12 | 江苏海洋大学 | Method for improving survival rate of purified oysters at low cost |
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| CN114731975A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-12 | 江苏海洋大学 | Method for improving survival rate of purified oysters at low cost |
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