CN112544430A - Transplanting device and construction method for temperate zone rock reef matrix seaweed bed - Google Patents
Transplanting device and construction method for temperate zone rock reef matrix seaweed bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN112544430A CN112544430A CN202011456980.8A CN202011456980A CN112544430A CN 112544430 A CN112544430 A CN 112544430A CN 202011456980 A CN202011456980 A CN 202011456980A CN 112544430 A CN112544430 A CN 112544430A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
Abstract
The invention discloses a transplanting device and a construction method of a temperate rocky reef matrix seaweed bed, and relates to the technical field of seaweed transplantation, wherein the transplanting device comprises a three-dimensional structure, the top of the three-dimensional structure is provided with a plane groove, and a transplanted plant is adhered and fixed in the plane groove; the side surface of the three-dimensional structure is provided with an inserting component for inserting with an adjacent three-dimensional structure; a seed intercepting device is arranged on one side of the downstream of the three-dimensional structure. The construction method of the invention not only can solve the problems of small adhesive force and easy damage of the existing transplanted plants, but also the transplanting devices can be freely combined and spliced, thereby effectively making up the defects of uneven distribution of natural reefs and broken seaweed beds; in addition, the effective interception of shrimp-shaped grass seeds can be realized through the arrangement of the seed intercepting device, the natural propagation expanding of shrimp-shaped grass is facilitated, the successful establishment of the temperate reef matrix seaweed bed is finally realized, and the practicability is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seaweed transplantation, in particular to a transplantation device and a construction method of a temperate rocky reef matrix seaweed bed.
Background
Shrimp grass is a category of seaweed growing on the matrix of the tropical pacific coastal rock rocks, including 5 species of red fiber shrimp grass (phyllosphadix iwatensis), black fiber shrimp grass (p.japonicumas), scotch shrimp grass (p.speaker), odontobutis shrimp grass (p.serrulatus), and tolli shrimp grass (p.torreyi). Shrimp-shaped grasses usually grow together to form an extensive bed of seaweed. The sea grass bed, the coral reef and the mangrove forest are called three typical marine ecosystems, have important ecological functions and economic values, can purify water bodies, stabilize bottom materials, simultaneously are also food sources of a plurality of marine animals, and provide habitat, spawning sites and nursery sites for the marine animals.
The shrimp-shaped grass grows on the offshore rock, the bottom is hard, the flow rate of the surrounding water body is usually larger, the root system can survive only by stronger fixing capacity, and compared with the sea grass growing in the soft muddy bottom, the shrimp-shaped grass has unique environmental adaptability in the aspects of morphological characteristics, nutrition physiology and the like, is an irreplaceable important producer of an offshore rock ecosystem, and plays an extremely important ecological role in maintaining the balance of the rock reef ecosystem. However, the survival of the shrimp-shaped grass is seriously threatened by the influence of human activities and natural transition, and according to the classification and evaluation standard of extinction risk of red lists of endangered species of the international union of natural protection (IUCN) 2011, the black shrimp-shaped grass is endangered species, and the red shrimp-shaped grass is dangerous species.
In order to restore the sea grass bed resources, scholars at home and abroad propose a plurality of sea grass bed degraded habitat restoration techniques, including a habitat restoration method, a plant transplanting method and a seed sowing method, which mainly realize the restoration of sea grass by burying sea grass plants or seeds or fixing the sea grass plants or seeds in bottom mud by a certain structure (such as a piece of book, a frame, a sinker and the like). However, most of the current seaweed bed restoration techniques are only suitable for the type of seaweed growing in a smooth water flow with soft sediment, such as eel grass. These repair techniques fail to provide effective root adhesion to shrimp-shaped grass growing on rock reefs, and the water flow rate of the shrimp-shaped grass bed is usually strong, so that transplanted plants or sown seeds are easy to fall off and die, and finally, the repair work fails. Therefore, the construction work of the temperate zone rock reef matrix seaweed bed mainly comprising the shrimp-shaped grass is extremely difficult.
In order to realize the restoration and construction of the shrimp-shaped grass sea grass bed, foreign scholars provide restoration methods and technologies suitable for the shrimp-shaped grass sea grass bed, and mainly provide an attachment base for shrimp-shaped grass seeds or provide additional attachment force for the roots of transplanted plants, so that the shrimp-shaped grass sea grass bed is fixed on reefs, and the artificial restoration of the shrimp-shaped grass sea grass bed is realized. For example, Holbrook et al propose that macroalgae growing on rock reefs are used as natural attaching bases of the shrimp-shaped grass seeds, and the shrimp-shaped grass seeds are hung on the macroalgae by means of barbs of the shrimp-shaped grass seeds, so that the shrimp-shaped grass seeds are attached; in order to further improve the adhesion effect, the Holbrook and the like introduce a nylon rope and a nylon net as artificial adhesion bases for sowing seeds and transplanting plants, clamp the shrimp-shaped grass seeds or the transplanting plants between the nylon ropes or the nylon net, and then fix the nylon rope and the nylon net on the natural reef, so that the adhesion effect of the shrimp-shaped grass seeds and the plants is further enhanced; bull et al use the method of the adhesive in the course of transplanting the shrimp-shaped grass plant, fix the shrimp-shaped grass transplanting plant on natural reef, this kind of method has improved the root adhesion of the shrimp-shaped grass transplanting plant; park et al have developed a truncated cone anchor concrete member device with densely packed bristles brushes or screws that place the member on the seafloor, hang shrimp-shaped grass seeds on the bristles brushes, or tie transplanted plants to the screws using ropes, which expands the area of shrimp-shaped grass construction.
In the artificial restoration method for the shrimp-shaped grass sea bed, the natural or artificial attachment base is provided for the shrimp-shaped grass seeds and the transplanted plants, and the adhesive and the physical fixing method are introduced, so that the adhesive force of the transplanted plants is improved, and the construction of the shrimp-shaped grass sea bed with the temperate rocky reef matrix is possible. However, the problem that algae is easy to fade and break and fall off due to season alternation and large storm exists when the macroalgae is used as the attaching base, the attaching force is small, the maintaining time is short, and effective attaching conditions cannot be provided for the shrimp-shaped grass for a long time. Although artificial adherance such as nylon rope and nylon wire net is adopted and not influenced by season factor, compare with natural algae adherance, can effectively promote the adhesion effect of shrimp-shaped grass seed and plant, but adopt the method of clamping system to make the nylon rope net swing back and forth under water impact, twine shrimp-shaped grass plant easily, and cause the injury to the clamping system position, arouse to transplant the plant death, lead to transplanting the failure, adopt nylon rope and nylon wire to clamp system fixed generally only can maintain 3 ~ 6 months, it is general to transplant the repair effect. The method of adopting the adhesive greatly improves the adhesive force of the root of the transplanted shrimp-shaped grass plant, and simultaneously can not cause the problems of winding and abrasion, but the adhesive needs to clean the surface of the rocky reef in the transplanting area in advance to remove algae and silt attached to the surface, meanwhile, the surface structure of the rocky reef is complex, the operation is difficult and the workload is huge during adhesion, in addition, the method can only be transplanted on the natural rocky reef and is influenced by the uneven distribution and the larger fluctuation of the natural rocky reef, so that the shrimp-shaped grass can only be transplanted in a small scale in a certain range, a certain scale cannot be formed, the shrimp-shaped grass habitat is still in a broken state, and the effective recovery of the shrimp-shaped grass bed cannot be realized. The method of adopting the round table-shaped anchor type concrete member effectively overcomes the problem of the shrimp-shaped grass habitat fragmentation caused by uneven distribution of natural rock reefs, but the method adopts a single member, the member is round table-shaped and has a smooth surface, a plurality of members cannot be combined, only an adhesion base is provided for transplanted seeds and plants of the shrimp-shaped grass, an effective seed interception mechanism is lacked, the seaweed seeds are easy to wash away by water flow, the method only ensures the survival of the transplanted plants and seeds, and the problem of natural propagation of future seaweed beds is not considered, so the method can not realize the further expansion of the seaweed beds although the plant survival rate reaches 70-98.4% after 25 months.
In summary, the existing method for repairing the shrimp-shaped grass sea grass bed has the problems that transplanted plants are poor in attachment effect and easy to damage, the transplanting range is limited due to uneven distribution of natural reefs, the workload is large, and further propagation of the shrimp-shaped grass sea grass bed cannot be realized due to lack of a related seed interception mechanism, so that the sea grass bed repairing of the temperate rocky reef matrix habitat only stays in the transplanting stage, further expansion of the sea grass bed habitat in the next step cannot be considered, and effective construction and recovery of the temperate rocky reef matrix shrimp-shaped grass habitat cannot be really realized. Therefore, the scheme of developing a shrimp-shaped grass transplanting plant which can effectively fix the shrimp-shaped grass transplanting plant, has little damage to the transplanting plant, is not limited by the distribution of natural reefs, can realize interception and attachment of seeds and continuously expand a seaweed bed is the key problem which is urgently needed to be solved for realizing the construction of the shrimp-shaped grass seaweed bed of the temperate rocky reef matrix.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a transplanting device and a construction method of a temperate rocky reef matrix seaweed bed, and aims to solve the problems that seaweed transplanted plants are difficult to fix, small in adhesive force, large in damage to the transplanted plants, limited by natural rocky reef distribution, lack of an effective seed intercepting device, incapable of effectively realizing restoration of the shrimp-shaped grass seaweed bed and the like in the construction process of the temperate rocky reef matrix shrimp-shaped grass bed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a transplanting device for a temperate zone reef matrix seaweed bed, which comprises a three-dimensional structure, wherein a plane groove is formed in the top of the three-dimensional structure, and transplanted plants are adhered and fixed in the plane groove; an inserting component used for being inserted into the adjacent three-dimensional structure is arranged on the side surface of the three-dimensional structure; a seed intercepting device is detachably arranged on the downstream side of the three-dimensional structure.
Optionally, at least two lifting rings are arranged at the top of the three-dimensional structure.
Optionally, the three-dimensional structure is an H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structure and is constructed by concrete and a steel reinforcement framework; the adjacent H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structures are placed in a staggered mode, and are spliced through side edge notches or side edge lugs of the H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structures, namely the side edge lugs on one side of the H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structures are inserted into the side edge notches on one side of the adjacent H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structures.
Optionally, the seed intercepting device comprises a hemp sheet and insertion rods connected to two sides of the short side of the hemp sheet; and the top surface of the three-dimensional structure is provided with a jack for inserting the inserted bar.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a construction method of the temperate zone rock reef matrix seaweed bed based on the transplanting device, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: collecting healthy shrimp-shaped grass plants with complete root hairs in a natural sea area in 9 months, washing sediment with seawater, selecting and cutting to ensure that the length of the rhizome of the plant is not less than 2cm and the length of the leaves of the plant is 25-30 cm;
step S2: selecting a transplantation sea area with the water depth of 2-6 m, wherein the substrate bearing capacity of the transplantation sea area is more than 2 times of the weight of the transplantation device, and the water flow speed is not more than 1.5 m/s;
step S3: transplanting the grass-shaped plants processed in the step S1 into the plane groove;
step S4: putting the transplanting devices, and placing the transplanting devices in the sea area seabed selected in the step S2 in a staggered manner;
step S5: and before the shrimp-shaped grass seeds are mature, the seed intercepting device is arranged on one side of the downstream of the three-dimensional structure so as to realize the intercepting effect of the shrimp-shaped grass seeds.
Optionally, the transplanting method of the plant in step S3 is as follows: sticking the rhizomes of the grass-shaped plants processed in the step S1 into the plane grooves by using an adhesive; the end of the plant rootstock is exposed to the outside of the adhesive, and the exposed length is not less than 1 cm.
Optionally, the plant transplantation density in step S3 is 40 plants/construct, about 333 plants/m2。
Optionally, the three-dimensional structure is an "H" -shaped concrete three-dimensional structure, and when the "H" -shaped concrete three-dimensional structure is placed in step S4, one side of the long side of the "H" -shaped concrete three-dimensional structure is ensured to be perpendicular to the water flow direction.
Optionally, each row and each column of the "H" -shaped concrete three-dimensional structures in step S4 are arranged in a staggered manner, and an insertion connection is formed between two adjacent "H" -shaped concrete three-dimensional structures along the long side direction of the "H" -shaped concrete three-dimensional structures through a side notch or a side protrusion, that is, the side protrusion on one side of the "H" -shaped concrete three-dimensional structure is inserted into the side notch on one side of the adjacent "H" -shaped concrete three-dimensional structures.
Optionally, the adhesive can be prepared from water-based epoxy resin (bisphenol a epoxy resin), modified amine curing agent (810 underwater epoxy curing agent), talcum powder and a small amount of asphalt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the transplanting device and the construction method of the temperate zone reef matrix seaweed bed, provided by the invention, shrimp-shaped grass plants are collected and transplanted within 9 months, typhoon seasons can be avoided, the falling risk of the plants is reduced, the impact force of water on the seaweed can be reduced by properly cutting plant leaves, the falling of the plants is reduced, and the length of a rhizome is more than 2cm, so that the adhesion force of the transplanted plants is enhanced and the survival rate of the transplanted plants is improved; the depth of the transplanted sea area is 2-6 m, the flow velocity of water flow is not more than 1.5m/s, and the probability of plant falling off can be reduced on the basis of ensuring that the transplanted plants obtain sufficient illumination; the transplanting device is arranged in an H shape and can be placed in a staggered mode to form a unified whole body to prevent displacement, the groove in the top end of the transplanting device can reduce the scouring effect of water flow on the roots and leaf sheaths of transplanted plants, the survival rate is improved, and the lifting ring is convenient for hoisting, transporting, putting and recovering the transplanting device; the adhesion effect on the roots of the transplanted plants can be greatly enhanced by adhering an adhesive in the transplanting process, the tail ends of the rootstocks of the transplanted plants are exposed outside the adhesive, the exposed length is not less than 1cm, the rootstocks of the plants can continue to extend and grow on the premise of ensuring enough adhesive force, 40 plants are transplanted in each component, the transplanted plants can jointly resist water flow impact, excessive competition on nutrient salt and illumination can not occur, the survival rate of the transplanted plants can be improved, and the quick growth and propagation of the transplanted plants can be promoted; the combined discharge of the transplanting device is beneficial to the connection of the transplanted seaweed bed into pieces, the fragmentation of the habitat is prevented, the limitation caused by the uneven distribution of the natural rock is reduced, and the transverse direction of the device is vertical to the water flow direction, so that the interception area of the prawn-shaped grass seeds is increased; the seed trapping device can effectively intercept mature seeds of the shrimp-shaped grass in the component, the hemp pieces provide an attachment base for the shrimp-shaped grass seeds, and the height gap between the transplanting devices provides an effective attachment base for the germination and rooting of the shrimp-shaped grass seeds in the second year, so that the shrimp-shaped grass sea grass bed propagation expanding is facilitated.
In conclusion, the invention can solve the problems of small adhesive force and easy damage of the existing transplanted plants, and meanwhile, the transplanting device can be freely combined and spliced, thereby effectively making up the defects of uneven distribution of natural reefs and broken seaweed beds; in addition, the effective interception of shrimp-shaped grass seeds can be realized through the arrangement of the seed intercepting device, the natural propagation expanding of shrimp-shaped grass is facilitated, the successful establishment of the temperate reef matrix seaweed bed is finally realized, and the practicability is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transplanting device for a temperate reef matrix seaweed bed;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the transplanting device for the temperate reef matrix seaweed bed;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the transplantation device for a temperate reef matrix seaweed bed;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a combined delivery state of the transplantation device in fig. 1;
wherein the reference numerals are: 1. the concrete three-dimensional structure comprises a concrete three-dimensional structure body, 2. a steel reinforcement framework, 3. a front shoulder, 4. a rear shoulder, 5. an insertion hole, 6. a groove, 7. a steel reinforcement hanging ring, 8. a seed intercepting device, 9. a steel reinforcement rod, 10. a hemp sheet, 11. a transplanted plant and 12. an adhesive.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a transplanting device and a construction method of a temperate rocky reef matrix seaweed bed, and aims to solve the problems that seaweed transplanted plants are difficult to fix, small in adhesive force, large in damage to the transplanted plants, limited by natural rocky reef distribution, lack of an effective seed intercepting device, incapable of effectively realizing restoration of the shrimp-shaped grass seaweed bed and the like in the construction process of the temperate rocky reef matrix shrimp-shaped grass bed.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a concrete three-dimensional structure 1, which is overall "H" shaped, and includes a steel reinforcement cage 2, and the concrete three-dimensional structure 1 is horizontally placed, and includes 2 front shoulders 3 on the left side and 2 rear shoulders 4 on the right side. The front shoulder 3 and the rear shoulder 4 on the rear side are respectively provided with two insertion holes 5, and the insertion holes 5 are transversely arranged; the top end of the concrete three-dimensional structure 1 is provided with a groove 6, and four corners outside the groove 6 are respectively provided with a steel bar hanging ring 7 for hoisting, transporting, putting and recovering; the seed intercepting device 8 consists of 2 steel bar rods 9 and hemp pieces 10, the bottoms of the steel bar rods 9 are inserted into the jacks 5, and the tops of the steel bar rods are connected with the short edges of the two sides of the hemp pieces 10; the roots of the transplanted plants 11 are fixed in the grooves 6 by an adhesive 12.
In this embodiment, the "H" -shaped concrete three-dimensional structure 1 is preferably 40cm high, 100cm long, and 60cm wide; the front shoulder 3 is 30cm long and 20cm wide, and the rear shoulder 4 is the same as the front shoulder in specification; the diameter of the jack 5 is 1cm, and the depth is 10 cm; the grooves 6 are preferably 30cm long, 40cm wide and 10cm deep. The inner diameter of the steel bar sling 7 is preferably 5 cm.
In this embodiment, the length of the reinforcing steel bar 9 is preferably 20cm, the diameter is preferably 0.8cm, the length of the hemp piece 10 is preferably 35cm, 2 reinforcing steel bar rods 9 are arranged on two sides of the short side of the hemp piece 10, and the hemp piece 10 is sewn to the top 10cm of the reinforcing steel bar rods 9 by using cotton threads. The hemp pieces 10 are unfolded, and the bottom of the steel bar rod 9 is inserted into the insertion hole 5 before the shrimp-shaped grass seeds are mature for 6 months, so that the interception effect of the shrimp-shaped grass seeds is realized.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the front shoulders 3 and the rear shoulders 4 of the plurality of concrete three-dimensional structures 1 are staggered and inserted, and one side of the long side of the concrete three-dimensional structures 1 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the water flow.
In this embodiment, a method for constructing a temperate rocky reef-based seaweed bed will be specifically described, taking red fiber shrimp-shaped grass as an example of a transplant object:
step S1: collecting and transplanting the transplanted plant at the beginning of 9 months, collecting healthy plants containing complete root hairs by using an iron shovel or hands, washing sediment by using seawater, cutting the length of a rhizome of the transplanted plant to be more than 2cm, and cutting the length of a leaf of the plant to be 25 cm;
step S2: selecting a transplanting sea area with the water depth of 2-6 m, wherein the bottom is a rock reef or a rock reef containing silt, the water depth is relatively flat, and the water flow speed is less than 1.5 m/s;
step S3: adhering the treated root stem of red fiber shrimp-shaped grass plant in the groove 6 with adhesive, exposing the end of the root stem of the transplanted plant to the outside of the adhesive, exposing the end of the root stem to not less than 1cm, and preferably transplanting the plant at a density of 40 plants/member (333 plants/m)2) The transplanted plants should be uniformly distributed in the grooves 6; the transplanting device is an H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structure constructed by concrete and a steel bar framework, and comprises a concrete member, the steel bar framework and 4 steel bar hanging rings 7, wherein the steel bar framework is arranged in the concrete member to prevent the concrete member from being cracked;
step S4: when the transplanting device is put in, the transplanting device is placed on a relatively flat seabed and is placed in a staggered mode, and meanwhile one side of the long edge of the component is perpendicular to the water flow direction;
step S5: installation of the seed intercepting device: the method comprises the following steps of unfolding hemp, inserting the bottom of a reinforcing steel bar rod 9 into a jack 5 on the front side and the back shoulder of a component close to the downstream side of water flow before the shrimp-shaped grass seeds mature for 6 months, intercepting the mature and fallen shrimp-shaped grass seeds, hanging the seeds on the hemp by means of barbs, binding the hemp and the reinforcing steel bar after about 2-3 months, and allowing the hemp to fall into a gap between transplanting devices after cotton threads are rotten, beginning to germinate and root in the gap in the next year, realizing propagation of the shrimp-shaped grass sea grass bed, timely recovering the reinforcing steel bar rod after the hemp falls off, cleaning the reinforcing steel bar rod with fresh water, drying the reinforcing steel bar rod and storing the reinforcing steel bar rod, and continuously recycling the seeds in the next year when the seeds.
In step S3, the adhesive preferably has the following composition: 2 parts of waterborne epoxy resin (bisphenol A epoxy resin) and 1 part of modified amine curing agent (810 underwater epoxy curing agent) are mixed, and talcum powder accounting for 20 percent of the total volume and asphalt accounting for 5 percent of the total volume are added. The manufacturing method of the adhesive is the prior art and is not described herein again.
In 9 months in 2019, 30 transplanting devices are put in the Moshan Lihai area of Rong City in Shandong province to transplant 1200 red fiber shrimp-shaped grass plants by using the transplanting device and the construction method of the temperate reef matrix seaweed bed, and a seed blocking device is installed for the transplanting device in 6 months in the next year. After the transplantation, the survival, growth and seed retention of the transplanted plants were monitored and analyzed month by month from 9 months 2019 to 9 months 2020. The result shows that the survival rate of the red fiber shrimp-shaped grass plants after one month of transplantation reaches 82.6 percent, the plant density reaches the maximum value after 1 year of transplantation, 74 plants are grown in the transplanting device on average, the plant propagation expanding effect reaches 2.26 plants per plant, the growth condition of the transplanted red fiber shrimp-shaped grass plants is observed to be good, lateral branches and lateral branch seedlings grow in clusters, and a small patch grass bed is basically formed. In addition, the seed intercepting device basically falls off after being installed for 3 months, the fallen hemp seeds are collected, the number of the red fiber shrimp-shaped grass seeds on the hemp seeds is counted, each hemp seed has 3.2 pieces on average, each square meter contains 2 hemp pieces, namely, the average is 6.4 pieces/m2The average of the natural sea areas in the same period is only 0.2 grains/m2The seed interception device is about 32 times of the natural retention rate of the sea area, and plays a good interception role.
Therefore, the transplanting device and the construction method of the temperate reef matrix seaweed bed have the following beneficial effects: the collection and transplantation of the shrimp-shaped grass plants are selected within 9 months, the typhoon season can be avoided, the falling risk of the plants can be reduced, the impact force of water on the seaweed can be reduced by properly cutting the leaves of the plants, the falling of the plants can be reduced, and the length of the rhizome is more than 2cm, so that the adhesive force of the transplanted plants can be enhanced, and the survival rate of the transplanted plants can be improved; the depth of a transplanted sea area is 2-6 m, the flow velocity of water flow is less than or equal to 1.5m/s, and the probability of plant falling off can be reduced on the basis that transplanted plants obtain sufficient illumination; the transplanting device is H-shaped and can be placed in a staggered mode to form a unified whole body to prevent displacement, the groove in the top end of the transplanting device can reduce the scouring effect of water flow on the roots and leaf sheaths of the transplanted plants, the survival rate is improved, and the 4 reinforcing steel bar rings facilitate the hoisting, transportation, putting and recovery of the transplanting device; the adhesion effect on the roots of the transplanted plants can be greatly enhanced by adhering an adhesive in the transplanting process, the tail ends of the rootstocks of the transplanted plants are exposed outside the adhesive, the exposed length is not less than 1cm, the rootstocks of the plants can continue to extend and grow on the premise of ensuring enough adhesive force, 40 plants are transplanted in each component, the transplanted plants can jointly resist water flow impact, excessive competition on nutrient salt and illumination can not occur, the survival rate of the transplanted plants can be improved, and the quick growth and propagation of the transplanted plants can be promoted; the combined discharge of the transplanting device is beneficial to the connection of the transplanted seaweed bed into pieces, the fragmentation of the habitat is prevented, the limitation caused by uneven distribution of natural rock reefs is reduced, and the transverse direction of the device is vertical to the water flow direction, so that the interception area of prawn-shaped grass seeds is increased; the seed trapping device can effectively intercept mature seeds of the shrimp-shaped grass in the component, the hemp pieces provide an attachment base for the shrimp-shaped grass seeds, and the height gap between the transplanting devices provides an effective attachment base for the germination and rooting of the shrimp-shaped grass seeds in the second year, so that the shrimp-shaped grass sea grass bed propagation expanding is facilitated.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The transplanting device for the temperate zone reef matrix seaweed bed is characterized by comprising a three-dimensional structure, wherein a plane groove is formed in the top of the three-dimensional structure, and transplanted plants are adhered and fixed in the plane groove; an inserting component used for being inserted into the adjacent three-dimensional structure is arranged on the side surface of the three-dimensional structure; and a seed intercepting device is arranged on one side of the downstream of the three-dimensional structure.
2. The device for transplanting the temperate zone reef matrix seaweed bed according to claim 1, wherein at least two hanging rings are provided on a top of the three-dimensional structure.
3. The transplantation apparatus for a temperate zone reef matrix seaweed bed according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional structure is an "H" -shaped concrete three-dimensional structure; and the adjacent H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structures are staggered and arranged, and are spliced through side notches or side lugs of the H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structures.
4. The transplanting apparatus for a temperate zone reef matrix seaweed bed according to claim 1, wherein the seed intercepting means comprises a hemp sheet and insertion rods connected to both sides of a short side of the hemp sheet; and the top surface of the three-dimensional structure is provided with a jack for inserting the inserted bar.
5. A method for constructing a temperate reef matrix seaweed bed based on the transplanting device of any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: collecting healthy shrimp-shaped grass plants with complete root hairs in a natural sea area in 9 months, washing sediment with seawater, selecting and cutting to ensure that the length of the rhizome of the plant is not less than 2cm and the length of the leaves of the plant is 25-30 cm;
step S2: selecting a transplantation sea area with the water depth of 2-6 m, wherein the substrate bearing capacity of the transplantation sea area is more than 2 times of the weight of the transplantation device, and the water flow speed is not more than 1.5 m/s;
step S3: transplanting the grass-shaped plants processed in the step S1 into the plane groove;
step S4: putting the transplanting devices, and placing the transplanting devices in the sea area seabed selected in the step S2 in a staggered manner;
step S5: and before the shrimp-shaped grass seeds are mature, the seed intercepting device is arranged on one side of the downstream of the three-dimensional structure so as to realize the intercepting effect of the shrimp-shaped grass seeds.
6. The method for constructing the temperate zone reef matrix seaweed bed according to claim 5, wherein the transplanting method of the plants in the step S3 is as follows: sticking the rhizomes of the grass-shaped plants processed in the step S1 into the plane grooves by using an adhesive; the end of the plant rootstock is exposed to the outside of the adhesive, and the exposed length is not less than 1 cm.
7. The method for constructing a temperate reef matrix seaweed bed according to claim 6, wherein the transplanting density of the plants in the step S3 is 40 plants/member.
8. The method for constructing the temperate zone reef matrix seaweed bed according to claim 5, wherein the three-dimensional structure is an H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structure, and when the H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structure is placed in the step S4, one side of the long side of the H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structure is ensured to be perpendicular to the water flow direction.
9. The method for constructing the temperate zone reef matrix seaweed bed according to claim 8, wherein the H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structures in the step S4 are arranged in a staggered manner in each row and each column, and two adjacent H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structures in the long side direction of the H-shaped concrete three-dimensional structures are spliced through side notches or side bumps.
10. The method for constructing a temperate zone reef matrix seaweed bed according to claim 6, wherein the adhesive comprises a water-based epoxy resin, a modified amine curing agent, talc and asphalt.
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