CN110140680B - Bottom sowing culture method for pinctada fucata - Google Patents
Bottom sowing culture method for pinctada fucata Download PDFInfo
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- CN110140680B CN110140680B CN201910396261.2A CN201910396261A CN110140680B CN 110140680 B CN110140680 B CN 110140680B CN 201910396261 A CN201910396261 A CN 201910396261A CN 110140680 B CN110140680 B CN 110140680B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/56—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels for pearl production
- A01K61/57—Pearl seeds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a bottom sowing culture method for pinctada fucata, which comprises the following steps: s1: designing a bottom sowing culture device for pinctada fucata; s2: marking the pinctada fucata fries in a sea area in a hanging and breeding mode by using a mesh bag; s3: uniformly placing the pinctada fucata fries subjected to rough marking on a bottom sowing plate, and temporarily culturing in a cement pond with seawater until the pinctada fucata fries grow to be full-length; s4: selecting a shallow sea beach, fixing a fixing column in the shallow sea beach, arranging a connecting rope on the fixing column, taking out a bottom sowing plate from a cement pond, placing the bottom sowing plate in the shallow sea beach, sequentially arranging and connecting the bottom sowing plate to the connecting rope, and then culturing Pinctada fucata according to daily management. The method ensures that the individual distribution of the pinctada fucata martensii is more uniform, the space among individuals and the bait competition pressure are reduced, thereby being more beneficial to improving the growth rate and the cultivation survival rate of the pinctada fucata martensii and reducing the growth difference among the individuals, and the cultivation device and the cultivation method are simple to operate and can reduce the cultivation cost and the labor amount.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, and particularly relates to a bottom sowing cultivation method for pinctada fucata.
Background
The Hepu nacre is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and is an important nacre for cultivating seawater pearls. Since 1965 the successful breakthrough of artificial offspring seed breeding of pinctada martensii, the culture area and yield of pinctada martensii are increasing, and the pearl culture of pinctada martensii has become one of the supporting industries in some coastal areas such as Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan.
However, the cultured pinctada fucata martensii grows slowly due to the fact that the culture technology falls behind, the culture mode is old, the culture site is aged and the culture environment is deteriorated. And because the long-term culture process does not pay attention to the artificial breeding of the system, the excellent germplasm resources of the pinctada fucata dunker are deficient, the pearl yield is extremely landslide, great loss is brought to the pearl oyster culture industry, and the pearl culture enthusiasm is gradually reduced.
In the traditional cage culture mode, competition pressure among pinctada fucata individuals is high, water flow is not smooth, bait is not sufficient, the growth rate is low, the pinctada fucata cannot be completely exposed in seawater, individual pinctada fucata dies, surrounding pinctada fucata are easily affected, and the culture survival rate is low.
In order to promote the development of pearl culture industry, fully and reasonably utilize undeveloped sea areas, break through the traditional Pinctada martensii culture mode, improve survival rate in the Pinctada martensii culture process, accelerate growth rate of Pinctada martensii, culture high-quality pearls with large pearl particle size and large pearl layer thickness, and improve competitiveness of Nanzhu in the international market, a brand-new Pinctada martensii culture method is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bottom sowing culture method for pinctada fucata, which enables the pinctada fucata individuals to be distributed more uniformly, reduces the space among individuals and the bait competition pressure, is more favorable for improving the growth rate and the culture survival rate of the pinctada fucata and reducing the growth difference among the individuals, is simple in operation of a culture device and a culture method, and can reduce the culture cost and the labor amount.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: a bottom sowing culture method for pinctada fucata comprises the following steps:
s1: designing a bottom sowing culture device for pinctada fucata, wherein the bottom sowing culture device comprises at least one group of bottom sowing culture units for pinctada fucata, each bottom sowing culture unit comprises a bottom sowing plate, a connecting rope and a fixed column, the bottom sowing plates are more than one and are sequentially arranged and connected onto the connecting ropes, and the connecting ropes are arranged on the fixed columns;
s2: marking the pinctada fucata fries in a sea area in a hanging and breeding mode by using a mesh bag;
s3: uniformly placing the pinctada fucata fries subjected to rough marking on the bottom sowing plate, and temporarily culturing in a cement pond with seawater until the pinctada fucata fries grow to be full-length;
s4: selecting a shallow sea beach, fixing a fixed column in the shallow sea beach, arranging a connecting rope on the fixed column, taking out the bottom sowing plate loaded with the pinctada fucata from a cement pond, placing the bottom sowing plate in the shallow sea beach, arranging the bottom sowing plate in sequence and connecting the bottom sowing plate to the connecting rope, and then culturing the pinctada fucata according to daily management.
In the bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata, the method comprises the following steps:
preferably, in the step S1, the bottom sowing culture units of the pinctada fucata are three to five groups, and the number of the bottom sowing plates in each group of the bottom sowing culture units of the pinctada fucata is 3 to 10.
Preferably, in step S1, the number of the fixing posts is two or more and the fixing posts are respectively disposed on two sides of the bottom sowing plate.
Preferably, in step S1, the two fixing columns are respectively disposed on two sides of the bottom sowing plate for fixing the connecting rope, when in use, two ends of the connecting rope can be respectively fixed on the fixing columns, and the fixing columns can be fixed in the shallow sea beach by inserting or the like.
Preferably, in step S1, the bottom sowing plate includes a frame, an attachment surface with a hollow portion disposed on the frame, and a supporting leg disposed below the frame.
Preferably, in step S1, the frame is a quadrangular frame, two opposite sides of the quadrangular frame are respectively provided with more than one hole, and the bottom sowing plate is connected with the connecting rope through the holes.
Preferably, in step S1, the frame is a quadrangular frame, two holes are respectively formed on two opposite sides of the quadrangular frame, and the bottom sowing plate is connected to the connecting rope through the holes.
Preferably, the attachment surface with hollows in step S1 is a grid plate.
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, a fastening band is disposed in the hole, the fastening band may be a tie or a rope, and the bottom sowing plate is connected to the connecting rope by the fastening band (tie or rope).
The bottom sowing plate is arranged and fixed on the connecting rope at a certain interval by the binding belt (the binding strip or the rope-shaped object).
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a binding band (a binding strip or a rope) is provided in the mesh of the mesh plate, and the bottom sowing plate is connected to the connecting rope through the binding band (the binding strip or the rope).
The bottom sowing plate is arranged and fixed on the connecting rope at certain intervals by the binding belt (the binding strip or the rope).
Preferably, in step S1, the number of the supporting legs is more than four, and the supporting legs are respectively disposed below four corners of the quadrangular frame or below the quadrangular frame, and the bottom sowing plate is fixed in the shallow sea beach through the supporting legs.
Preferably, the bottom sowing plate (including the frame, the attaching surface, the supporting legs and the like) is made of a commercially available anti-corrosion and anti-aging material.
Preferably, in step S2, the pinctada fucata offspring seeds are marked to be 1.5-2.5 cm thick in the sea area in a net bag hanging and breeding manner. More preferably 2 cm.
Preferably, in step S3, the seawater is submerged to a depth exceeding the height of the bottom sowing plate, and is temporarily cultured in a cement pond provided with seawater for 20-28 hours until the pinctada fucata grows enough filaments to be fixed on the bottom sowing plate.
Preferably, when young shellfish with the standard thickness of about 2cm are planted on the bottom sowing plate in the step S3, the bottom sowing plate is tightly spread in an indoor cement pond, seawater is added to submerge the bottom sowing plate, and the pinctada fucata is planted at the position of about 200-250/m2Is uniformly spread on the bottom sowing plate. And after all the young shellfish grow sufficient filaments, fixing the young shellfish on a bottom sowing plate, and transferring the bottom sowing plate to the shallow sea beach for cultivation.
Preferably, in step S4, selecting a shallow sea beach with good sea water quality, smooth water flow and sandy bottom; more preferably, the shallow sea beach with good sea water quality, smooth water flow, no air leakage after ebb and sandy bottom is selected.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent bottom sowing plates in the step (4) is 5-10 cm; the height between the bottom sowing plate and the seabed is 3-5 cm.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
firstly, marking the pinctada fucata fries to be about 2cm thick in a sea area in a mesh bag hanging culture mode;
then, tightly spreading a bottom sowing plate in a cement pool, adding clean seawater, submerging the bottom sowing plate, uniformly sowing the pinctada fucata martensii on the bottom sowing plate, temporarily culturing young pinctada fucata martensii in the cement pool for 1 day, and fixing the pinctada fucata martensii on the bottom sowing plate after the pinctada fucata martensii grows out of sufficient filaments;
selecting shallow sea mudflats with good sea water quality, smooth water flow and sandy bottom, driving fixing columns at the lowest ebb level preferably according to the interval of the lengths of 12-15 bottom sowing plates, and tying two ends of a connecting rope on the fixing columns;
the bottom sowing plate planted with the young pinctada fucata martensii is taken out of the cement pond, the bottom sowing plate is fixed on the connecting rope through the holes (or rope penetrating holes) by binding strips or rope-shaped objects at certain intervals, and daily management can be carried out in the breeding process of the pinctada fucata martensii.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata has the advantages of simple facility and operation, low facility cost and small labor amount in the culture process.
(2) The pinctada fucata is uniformly attached to the bottom sowing plate, and compared with a traditional cage culture mode, the pinctada fucata individual breeding method is small in competition pressure, smooth in water flow, sufficient in bait and high in growth rate.
(3) The pinctada fucata dunker is completely exposed in seawater, even if some pinctada fucata dunker dies, dead pinctada fucata dunker is exposed in a water body and easily eaten by small fishes, shrimps or other aquatic animals, the surrounding pinctada fucata dunker is not easily affected, and the culture survival rate is improved.
(4) The bottom sowing culture mode of the pinctada fucata martensii has high growth rate and high survival rate, and can provide large martensii for nucleus insertion and pearl culture of the pinctada fucata martensii, thereby providing guarantee for transplanting large pearl nuclei and culturing large pearls.
(5) The survival rate in the breeding process can be greatly improved in the breeding process of the pearl-breeding shells, so that the pearl breeding time can be prolonged, and high-quality pearls with large pearl grain diameter and thick pearl layers can be bred.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom sowing culture device for pinctada martensii according to embodiment 1-2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom sowing plate in the bottom sowing culture device for pinctada fucata in FIGS. 1-2;
FIG. 3 shows the Pinctada martensii obtained in example 3 by the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples and figures.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the bottom sowing culture method for pinctada fucata provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
s1: designing a bottom sowing culture device for pinctada fucata, which comprises at least one group of bottom sowing culture units for pinctada fucata, wherein each bottom sowing culture unit comprises a bottom sowing plate 1, a connecting rope 2 and a fixed column 3, the bottom sowing plates 1 are more than one and are sequentially arranged and connected onto the connecting ropes 2, and the connecting ropes 2 are arranged on the fixed columns 3;
s2: marking the pinctada fucata fries in a sea area in a hanging and breeding mode by using a mesh bag;
s3: uniformly placing the pinctada fucata fries subjected to rough marking on a bottom sowing plate 1, and temporarily culturing in a cement pond with seawater until the pinctada fucata fries grow to be full-length;
s4: selecting a shallow sea beach, fixing a fixing column 3 in the shallow sea beach, arranging a connecting rope 2 on the fixing column 3, taking out the bottom sowing plate 1 loaded with pinctada fucata from a cement pond, placing the bottom sowing plate in the shallow sea beach, arranging the bottom sowing plate and the pinctada fucata in sequence and connecting the bottom sowing plate and the connecting rope 2, and then culturing the pinctada fucata according to daily management.
In the bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata, the method comprises the following steps:
in the step S1, the bottom sowing culture units of the pinctada fucata can be three to five groups, and the number of the bottom sowing plates in each group of the bottom sowing culture units of the pinctada fucata can be 3 to 10.
In this embodiment, the number of the bottom sowing culture units of the pinctada martensii in step S1 is three, and the number of the bottom sowing plates 1 in each bottom sowing culture unit of the pinctada martensii is 7.
The number of the fixing posts 3 in the step S1 may be two or more and are respectively disposed on two sides of the bottom sowing plate 1.
In this embodiment, in step S1, two fixing columns 3 are provided and respectively disposed on two sides of the bottom sowing plate 1 for fixing the connecting rope 2, when in use, two ends of the connecting rope 2 are respectively fixed on the fixing columns 3, and the fixing columns 3 can be fixed in the shallow sea beach by inserting or the like.
In step S1, the bottom sowing plate 1 includes a frame 11, an attachment surface 12 with a hollow-out portion disposed on the frame 11, and a supporting leg 13 disposed below the frame 11.
In the step S1, the frame 11 may be a quadrangular frame, two opposite sides of the quadrangular frame may be respectively provided with more than one hole 14, and the bottom sowing plate 1 may be connected with the connecting rope 2 through the holes 14.
In the present embodiment, the frame 11 in the step S1 is a quadrangular frame, two holes 14 are respectively formed on two opposite sides of the quadrangular frame, and the bottom sowing plate 1 is connected to the connecting ropes 2 through the holes 14.
The attachment surface 12 with the hollow holes in the step S1 may be a grid plate.
As two preferred embodiments thereof;
the first method is as follows:
in step S1, a fastening band (which may be a tie or a rope) may be further provided in the hole 14, and the bottom sowing plate 1 is connected to the connecting rope 2 through the fastening band (which may be a tie or a rope).
That is, a binding tape (a binding strip or a rope-shaped object) is inserted into the hole 14, and then the bottom sowing plates 1 are arranged and fixed on the connecting rope 2 at intervals of 5-10 cm by the binding tape (the binding strip or the rope-shaped object, preferably the binding strip).
The second method is as follows:
the grids of the grid plate can also be provided with binding strips or ropes, and the bottom sowing plate 1 is connected to the connecting ropes 2 through binding belts (binding strips or ropes).
Namely, the binding bands (binding strips or ropes) penetrate into the meshes of the grid plate, and then the bottom sowing plates 1 are arranged and fixed on the connecting ropes 2 at certain intervals through the binding bands (binding strips or ropes).
In the first mode of this embodiment, a fastening tape (a binding strip or a rope-like object) is provided in the hole 14 in step S1, and the bottom sowing plate 1 is connected to the connecting rope 2 through the fastening tape (the binding strip or the rope-like object).
In the step S1, the number of the supporting legs 13 may be more than four, and the supporting legs are respectively disposed below four corners of the quadrangular frame or below the quadrangular frame, and the bottom sowing plate 1 is fixed in the shallow sea beach through the supporting legs 13.
The bottom sowing plate (comprising a frame, an attachment surface, supporting legs and the like) is made of commercially available anti-corrosion and anti-aging materials.
In the present embodiment, the number of the supporting legs 13 in step S1 is specifically four, and the supporting legs are respectively disposed below four corners of the quadrangular frame.
In step S2, the Pinctada martensii offspring seeds are marked to about 2cm thick in the sea area in a net bag hanging and breeding mode.
The depth of the seawater in step S3 is preferably the height of submerging the bottom sowing plate 1, and the seawater can be temporarily cultured in a cement pool provided with seawater for 20-28 h, in this embodiment, about 24h, until the pinctada fucata grows enough to be fixed on the bottom sowing plate 1.
Step S3, when young shellfish with the 'planting' mark thickness of about 2cm is planted on the bottom sowing plate 1, the bottom sowing plate 1 is tightly paved in an indoor cement pond, seawater is added to submerge the bottom sowing plate 1, and the Pinctada fucata is planted at the rate of 200-250/m2Is uniformly spread on the bottom sowing plate 1. After all the young shellfish grow sufficient silks, the young shellfish are fixed on the bottom sowing plate 1, and then the bottom sowing plate is transferred to the shallow sea beach for cultivation.
Selecting shallow sea mudflats with good sea water quality, smooth water flow and sandy bottom in the step S4; in the embodiment, the shallow sea beach with good sea water quality, smooth water flow, no air leakage after ebb and sandy substrate is selected.
In the step (4), the distance between two adjacent bottom sowing plates 1 is 5-10 cm; the height of the bottom sowing plate 1 from the seabed is 3-5 cm.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-2, the bottom sowing culture method for pinctada fucata provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
s1: designing a bottom sowing culture device for pinctada fucata comprises three groups of bottom sowing culture units for pinctada fucata, wherein each group of bottom sowing culture units for pinctada fucata comprises a bottom sowing plate 1, a connecting rope 2 and a fixed column 3, the bottom sowing plates 1 are 7 and are sequentially arranged and connected onto the connecting rope 2, and the connecting rope 2 is arranged on the fixed column 3;
the two fixing columns 3 are respectively arranged at two sides of the bottom sowing plate 1. The fixed column 3 is inserted into the shallow sea beach sand, and two ends of the connecting rope 2 are tied on the fixed column 3.
The bottom sowing plate 1 comprises a frame 11, an attachment surface 12 with a hollow part and arranged on the frame 11, and supporting legs 13 arranged below the frame 11.
The frame 11 is a quadrangular frame, two holes 14 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the quadrangular frame, and the bottom sowing plate 1 is connected with the connecting ropes 2 through the holes 14.
A binding strip is arranged in the hole 14, and the bottom sowing plate 1 is connected to the connecting rope 2 through the binding strip.
The bottom sowing plate 1 is arranged and fixed on the connecting rope 2 by binding strips through holes 14 arranged on two opposite side edges of the frame 11 according to a certain distance.
The four supporting legs 13 are respectively arranged below four corners of the quadrangular frame. The bottom sowing plate 1 is fixed in the shallow sea beach through the supporting legs 13.
S2: marking the pinctada fucata fries to be about 2cm thick in a sea area in a mesh bag hanging and breeding mode;
s3: the bottom sowing plate 1 is tightly paved in a cement pool, clean seawater is added to submerge the bottom sowing plate 1, the pinctada fucata martensii is uniformly sowed on the bottom sowing plate, young pinctada fucata martensii is temporarily cultured in the cement pool for 1 day, and the pinctada fucata martensii is fixed on the bottom sowing plate 1 after sufficient filaments grow out;
when the bottom sowing plate 1 is used for planting 2cm young shellfish, the bottom sowing plate 1 is tightly paved in an indoor cement pond, seawater is added to submerge the bottom sowing plate 1, and the Hepu nacre is uniformly sown on the bottom sowing plate at a certain density. And after all the young shellfish grow sufficient silks, fixing the young shellfish on the bottom sowing plate, and transferring the bottom sowing plate 1 to the shallow sea beach for cultivation.
S4: the shallow sea beach with good sea water quality, smooth water flow and sand bottom is selected, the shallow sea beach is driven into the fixed column 3 at a certain distance below the lowest ebb tide level, and the two ends of the connecting rope 2 are tied on the fixed column 3. The bottom sowing plate 1 for planting the young pinctada fucata martensii is taken out of the cement pond, the bottom sowing plate is fixed on the connecting rope 2 through the tying through holes 14 at a certain interval, and daily management is carried out in the pinctada fucata martensii culture process.
Specifically, when the bottom sowing plate is used, the fixed column 3 is inserted into shallow sea beach sand, two ends of the connecting rope 2 are tied to the fixed column 3, the bottom sowing plate 1 is fixed on the connecting rope 2 through the hole 14 by a binding strip, and the bottom sowing plate 1 is contacted with the seabed through 4 supporting legs, so that a certain interval is formed between the attachment surface of the bottom sowing plate 1 and the seabed. The shellfish of about 2cm is uniformly attached to the bottom sowing plate 1 by means of byssus, and the bottom sowing plate forms a certain space with the seabed through the support of 4 supporting legs. When the pinctada fucata dunker produces excrement, the excrement falls onto a shoal from the hollow part of the supporting plane, and the excrement is taken away along with the rise and fall of tidal water, so that the water quality and the substrate in the aquaculture sea area can be kept in a good state for a long time. The pinctada fucata is uniformly attached to the surface of the bottom sowing plate, so that the competition relationship between the pinctada fucata and bait in space is reduced, the mutual interference is less, and the rapid growth rate can be kept among individuals. All pinctada fucata dungs are flatly paved on the bottom sowing plate, convenience can be brought to daily cleaning, and the attached organisms on the surfaces of the pinctada fucata dungs can be removed only by flushing with a high-pressure water gun, so that the labor amount and the labor cost can be reduced for the whole breeding process.
Compared with the traditional rolling and cage culture mode, all pinctada fucata dungs are exposed in the water body, the death of individual pinctada fucata dungs cannot influence surrounding individuals, and the survival rate in the culture process can be improved. Therefore, the culture device and the culture method with fast growth and high survival rate can provide individual larger receptor shells for nucleus inserting and pearl culturing, thereby being capable of transplanting larger pearl nuclei. The pearl shell with good growth state can accelerate the formation of the pearl layer, and the improvement of the survival rate can properly prolong the cultivation time of the pearl shell, so that the high-quality pearls with large pearl grain diameter and thick pearl layer can be cultivated, thereby improving the quality of the south pearl and the market competitiveness.
Example 3
In 2018, about 2mm of pinctada fucata martensii fries are bred roughly by using mesh bag marks in a rack of a Hongkun harbor shellfish in Lingshui county of Hainan province for about 4 months (the shell length is about 2 cm) in the research and development center of tropical aquatic products of the research and development institute of south China aquatic products institute of Aquaculture, Hainan province. The young scallops are transported to the Bailong sea area of the Hongshan harbor area of northern sea city of Guangxi for cultivation, wherein one cultivation mode is a shoal piling scallop cage hanging cultivation mode, the other cultivation mode is shoal bottom sowing cultivation (the method of the invention can adopt the mode in the embodiment 2), and the two cultivation modes are positioned in the same cultivation sea area. In 2018, 12, 9, the shell length, the shell height, the shell width and the wet weight of two groups of pinctada fucata under the culture mode are measured (n is 30), and the measurement results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of the phenotypic traits of Pinctada fucata under different breeding modes
As can be seen from Table 1, the Pinctada martensii in the bottom sowing culture mode has the phenotypic characters of longer shell length, higher shell height, wider shell width and higher wet weight than those of the shellfish cage culture mode, and the coefficient of variation of the Pinctada martensii is smaller than that of the shellfish cage culture mode.
The pinctada fucata obtained by the method is shown in figure 3.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various other equivalent modifications, substitutions or alterations can be made without departing from the basic technical concept of the invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field.
Claims (9)
1. A bottom sowing culture method for pinctada fucata is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: designing a bottom sowing culture device for pinctada fucata, wherein the bottom sowing culture device comprises at least one group of bottom sowing culture units for pinctada fucata, each bottom sowing culture unit comprises a bottom sowing plate (1), a connecting rope (2) and a fixing column (3), the bottom sowing plates (1) are more than one and are sequentially arranged and connected to the connecting ropes (2), and the connecting ropes (2) are arranged on the fixing columns (3);
s2: marking the pinctada fucata fries in a sea area in a hanging and breeding mode by using a mesh bag;
s3: uniformly placing the pinctada fucata fries subjected to rough marking on the bottom sowing plate (1), and temporarily culturing in a cement pond with seawater until the pinctada fucata fries grow to be full-length;
s4: selecting a shallow sea beach, fixing a fixing column (3) in the shallow sea beach, arranging a connecting rope (2) on the fixing column (3), taking out a bottom sowing plate (1) loaded with pinctada fucata from a cement pond, placing the bottom sowing plate in the shallow sea beach, arranging the bottom sowing plate and the pinctada fucata in sequence and connecting the bottom sowing plate and the pinctada fucata to the connecting rope (2), and then culturing the pinctada fucata according to daily management;
in the step S1, the bottom sowing plate (1) comprises a frame (11), an attachment surface (12) which is arranged on the frame (11) and is provided with a hollow part, and supporting legs (13) which are arranged below the frame (11).
2. The bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the bottom sowing culture units of the pinctada fucata comprise three to five groups, and the number of the bottom sowing plates (1) in each group of the bottom sowing culture units of the pinctada fucata is 3 to 10.
3. The bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the number of the fixing columns (3) is two or more and the fixing columns are respectively arranged on two sides of the bottom sowing plate (1).
4. The bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the frame (11) is a quadrangular frame, two opposite sides of the quadrangular frame are respectively provided with more than one hole (14), and the bottom sowing plate (1) is connected with the connecting rope (2) through the holes (14).
5. The bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the attachment surface (12) with the hollow-out is a grid plate.
6. The bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, a binding belt is arranged in the hole (14), and the bottom sowing plate (1) is connected to the connecting rope (2) through the binding belt; or in the step S1, a binding belt is arranged in the grid of the grid plate, the bottom sowing plate (1) is connected to the connecting rope (2) through the binding belt, and the binding belt is a binding strip or a rope-shaped object.
7. The bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the number of the supporting feet (13) is more than four, the supporting feet are respectively arranged below four corners of the quadrangular frame or below the quadrangular frame, and the bottom sowing plate (1) is fixed in the shallow sea beach through the supporting feet (13).
8. The bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step S2, marking the pinctada fucata fries to be 1.5-2.5 cm thick in a mesh bag hanging culture mode in the sea area; and S3, the seawater is deeply submerged by the height of the bottom sowing plate (1), the pinctada fucata dunker is temporarily cultured in a cement pond provided with seawater for 20-28 hours until the pinctada fucata dunker grows enough filaments to be fixed on the bottom sowing plate (1).
9. The bottom sowing culture method of pinctada fucata according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: selecting shallow sea mudflats with good sea water quality, smooth water flow and sandy bottom in the step S4; in the step (4), the distance between two adjacent bottom sowing plates (1) is 5-10 cm; the height of the bottom sowing plate (1) from the seabed is 3-5 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
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