CN112481035A - Extraction method of fresh lotus essential oil - Google Patents
Extraction method of fresh lotus essential oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112481035A CN112481035A CN202011295514.6A CN202011295514A CN112481035A CN 112481035 A CN112481035 A CN 112481035A CN 202011295514 A CN202011295514 A CN 202011295514A CN 112481035 A CN112481035 A CN 112481035A
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- lotus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/027—Recovery of volatiles by distillation or stripping
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting fresh lotus essential oil, which comprises the steps of spraying enzymolysis liquid in lotus petals and filaments for enzymolysis, crushing a mixture of the petals and the filaments after the enzymolysis, sealing and refrigerating, adding ethanol, introducing steam for distillation, and distilling for 3-4 hours to obtain the fresh lotus essential oil. The lotus essential oil extracted by taking the fresh lotus as the raw material reserves the unique elegant fragrance of the fresh lotus, improves the quality and the oil output of the lotus essential oil, and overcomes the defects that the lotus essential oil is mainly extracted from the dried lotus, the fragrance loss is large after the lotus is dried, the fragrance component of the essential oil of the dried lotus is less, and the quality is poorer. The storage period of the lotus can be prolonged to 3-5 days by adopting sealed refrigeration, the defect of short storage period of the fresh lotus is overcome, the oil yield is effectively improved, the extraction rate of the lotus essential oil can be improved by 20-30%, the fresh lotus essential oil with superior quality is obtained, and the unique fragrance of the lotus is maintained.
Description
Background
The lotus belongs to a perennial aquatic perennial root herbaceous plant of Nymphaeaceae (Nymphaeaceae) and Nelumbo, and the flowering phase is 7-8 months per year. The lotus is originally produced in China and is one of the traditional Chinese medicines. According to the records of Ben Cao gang mu, lotus seeds, lotus coats, lotus houses, lotus stamens, lotus plumule, lotus leaves, lotus petioles, lotus nodes and the like of lotus can be used as the medicine. The lotus has ornamental value, and the lotus petals have the medicinal effects of promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding, eliminating dampness, dispelling wind, clearing away the heart-fire, cooling blood, relieving fever, detoxifying and the like.
The volatile oil is also called essential oil, and is oily liquid with volatility capable of being distilled with water vapor, most of which has fragrance, such as rose essential oil, peppermint oil and the like. The volatile oil is insoluble in water and easily soluble in organic solvent.
The lotus has abundant planting resources in China, but the development and the utilization of the lotus are less, and the extraction of essential oil from fresh lotus as a raw material is rarely reported. The loss of fragrance of the lotus is large in the drying process, the fresh lotus contains rich fragrance substances, the fragrance is elegant, but the preservation of a large amount of fresh lotus in the actual production is difficult.
At present, the extraction method of lotus essential oil mostly adopts dried lotus, and is mostly used for experimental analysis.
CN103966023A discloses a method for extracting essence from lotus stamen, which comprises soaking lotus pollen and buds in organic solvent, and distilling to obtain the final product essence. The obtained flos Nelumbinis essence only contains fragrant substances dissolved in organic solvent, and not all flos Nelumbinis essential oil components.
CN104194934A discloses a preparation method of a lotus extract, which takes petroleum ether as an extracting agent and obtains the lotus extract by removing the petroleum ether through reduced pressure distillation. The lotus extract prepared by the method is difficult to apply in the fields of food, tobacco, medicine and the like because petroleum ether has certain toxicity and can be remained after reduced pressure distillation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for extracting fresh lotus essential oil, which is characterized in that a large amount of fragrance components in fresh lotus petals and filaments are extracted to obtain the fresh lotus essential oil with superior quality and keep the special faint scent of lotus.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the extraction method of the fresh lotus essential oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. uniformly spraying 1-20% of enzymolysis liquid with mass concentration in fresh lotus petals and a filament raw material from which impurities such as receptacle, lotus seeds and the like are removed, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3-4 h at 30-38 ℃, wherein the enzymolysis liquid is an aqueous solution of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase, and the weight parts of the cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase are as follows: 0.1-1: 0.05-0.5: 0.08-0.9, wherein the fresh lotus petals and the fresh lotus filaments are prepared from the raw materials and the enzymatic hydrolysate in parts by weight: 100-200: 1;
b. crushing the mixture of the petals and the filaments after enzymolysis to 20-40 meshes, then carrying out sealed refrigeration for 2-48 hours at 10-15 ℃ and 60-65% humidity, adding 95% ethanol, introducing 100-110 ℃ water vapor, distilling, and distilling for 3-4 hours to obtain fresh lotus essential oil, wherein the weight part ratio of the ethanol to the mixture of the petals and the filaments after enzymolysis is 0.1-1: 100, and the flow rate of the water vapor is 16 kg/h.
The invention achieves the technical progress that:
1. the lotus essential oil extracted by taking the fresh lotus as the raw material reserves the unique elegant fragrance of the fresh lotus, improves the quality and the oil output of the lotus essential oil, and overcomes the defects that the lotus essential oil is mainly extracted from the dried lotus, the fragrance loss is large after the lotus is dried, the fragrance component of the essential oil of the dried lotus is less, and the quality is poorer.
2. The invention adopts a sealed refrigeration method to prolong the retention period of the lotus to 3-5 days, and overcomes the defects of short retention period of the fresh lotus and short retention period of the fresh lotus in a high-temperature season.
3. The method adopts the methods of enzyme treatment, crushing, entrainer use and the like, effectively improves the oil yield of fresh flowers, can improve the extraction rate of the essential oil of the lotus by 20-30 percent compared with the existing steam distillation process, not only obtains the fresh essential oil of the lotus with superior quality by extracting a large amount of fragrant components in fresh lotus petals and filaments, but also keeps the unique faint scent of the lotus.
4. In order to overcome the defect that essential oil adheres to the inner wall of equipment, especially a condensation pipe, in the extraction process, the essential oil is collected for multiple times, the temperature of the condensation pipe is controlled by adjusting the amount of condensation water, the condensation water is closed before extraction is finished, and steam is continuously introduced to discharge the essential oil adhered to the condensation pipe and other pipelines, so that the extraction rate of the essential oil is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a total ion flow diagram of the lotus essential oil of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a. removing impurities such as receptacle and semen Nelumbinis from fresh flos Nelumbinis, and retaining petal and filament;
b. accurately weighing 50g of cellulase, 25g of hemicellulase and 45g of pectinase, mixing, adding 1000ml of water, uniformly stirring, and uniformly spraying on 100kg of the petal and filament materials;
c. carrying out enzymolysis on the petals and the filaments sprayed with the enzymolysis liquid at 35 ℃ for 3.5 hours;
d. crushing the petals and the filaments after enzymolysis to 40 meshes, performing sealed refrigeration at the temperature of 11 ℃ and the humidity of 60% for 15 hours, then performing direct steam distillation on the petals and the filaments after the sealed refrigeration treatment by using a distillation still, arranging a perforated basket between a steam inlet and a steam outlet, placing the petals and the filaments after the refrigeration treatment in the perforated basket, adding 200mL of 95% ethanol entrainer, adding the entrainer ethanol to promote evaporation of volatile components in the distillation process, then introducing 100-110 ℃ steam, performing distillation at the steam flow rate of 16kg/h, adjusting the amount of condensed water in the distillation extraction process to keep the steam condensed water temperature at about 70 ℃, when the amount of fresh lotus essential oil in an oil-water separator is more than 1mL, collecting fresh lotus essential oil by using a separating funnel, closing the condensed water after distillation for 3.5 hours, then continuing to introduce the steam for 0.5 hour, the fresh lotus essential oil attached in the discharge pipeline is collected for 5-6 times and then accumulated to obtain 12mL of fresh lotus essential oil.
Analyzing the fragrance components of the collected fresh lotus essential oil by adopting a GC/MS method, wherein the fragrance components are shown in the following table 1, and as can be seen from the fragrance components of the lotus essential oil, the lotus essential oil mainly contains compounds such as alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, enols, phenols, ethers, ketones, esters and the like, and the compounds such as alcohols, esters and olefins are abundant; the total ion flow diagram of the lotus essential oil is shown in figure 1.
Example 2:
a. removing impurities such as receptacle and semen Nelumbinis from fresh flos Nelumbinis, and retaining petal and filament;
b. accurately weighing 30g of cellulase, 50g of hemicellulase and 80g of pectinase, mixing, adding 1000ml of water, stirring uniformly, and spraying uniformly on 100kg of the petal and filament materials;
c. carrying out enzymolysis on the petals and the filaments sprayed with the enzymolysis liquid at 33 ℃ for 4 hours;
d. crushing the petals and the filaments after enzymolysis to 30 meshes, performing sealed refrigeration at 13 ℃ and 63% humidity for 20 hours, then performing direct steam distillation on the petals and the filaments after the sealed refrigeration treatment by using a distillation still, arranging a perforated basket between a steam inlet and a steam outlet, placing the petals and the filaments after the refrigeration treatment in the perforated basket, adding 150mL of 95% ethanol entrainer, adding the entrainer ethanol to promote evaporation of volatile components in the distillation process, then introducing 100-110 ℃ steam, performing distillation at a steam flow rate of 16kg/h, adjusting the amount of condensed water in the distillation extraction process to keep the temperature of the steam condensed water at about 70 ℃, when the amount of fresh lotus essential oil in an oil-water separator is more than 1mL, collecting fresh lotus essential oil by using a separating funnel, closing the condensed water after 3.5 hours of distillation, and then continuing to introduce the steam for 0.5 hours, the fresh lotus essential oil attached in the discharge pipeline is collected for 5-6 times and then accumulated to obtain 10mL of fresh lotus essential oil.
The flavor components of the collected fresh lotus essential oil were analyzed by GC/MS method, and the flavor components were not significantly different from those of example 1.
Example 3:
a. removing impurities such as receptacle and semen Nelumbinis from fresh flos Nelumbinis, and retaining petal and filament;
b. accurately weighing 60g of cellulase, 40g of hemicellulase and 50g of pectinase, mixing, adding 1000ml of water, stirring uniformly, and spraying uniformly on 100kg of the petal and filament materials;
c. carrying out enzymolysis on the petals and the filaments sprayed with the enzymolysis liquid at 38 ℃ for 3 hours;
d. crushing the petals and the filaments after enzymolysis to 20 meshes, performing sealed refrigeration for 8 hours at 15 ℃ and 65% humidity, then performing direct steam distillation on the petals and the filaments after the sealed refrigeration treatment by using a distillation still, arranging a perforated basket between a steam inlet and a steam outlet, placing the petals and the filaments after the refrigeration treatment in the perforated basket, adding 550mL of 95% ethanol entrainer, adding the entrainer ethanol to promote evaporation of volatile components in the distillation process, then introducing 100-110 ℃ steam, performing distillation at a steam flow rate of 16kg/h, adjusting the amount of condensed water in the distillation extraction process to keep the temperature of the steam condensed water at about 70 ℃, when the amount of fresh lotus essential oil in an oil-water separator is more than 1mL, collecting fresh lotus essential oil by using a separating funnel, closing the condensed water after 3.5 hours of distillation, and then continuing to introduce the steam for 0.5 hours, the fresh lotus essential oil attached in the discharge pipeline is collected for 5-6 times and then accumulated to obtain 9mL of fresh lotus essential oil.
The flavor components of the collected fresh lotus essential oil were analyzed by GC/MS method, and the flavor components were not significantly different from those of example 1.
Claims (1)
1. The extraction method of the fresh lotus essential oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. uniformly spraying 1-20% of enzymolysis liquid with mass concentration in fresh lotus petals and a filament raw material from which impurities such as receptacle, lotus seeds and the like are removed, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3-4 h at 30-38 ℃, wherein the enzymolysis liquid is an aqueous solution of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase, and the weight parts of the cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase are as follows: 0.1-1: 0.05-0.5: 0.08-0.9, wherein the fresh lotus petals and the fresh lotus filaments are prepared from the raw materials and the enzymatic hydrolysate in parts by weight: 100-200: 1;
b. crushing the mixture of the petals and the filaments after enzymolysis to 20-40 meshes, then carrying out sealed refrigeration for 2-48 hours at 10-15 ℃ and 60-65% humidity, adding 95% ethanol, introducing 100-110 ℃ water vapor, distilling, and distilling for 3-4 hours to obtain fresh lotus essential oil, wherein the weight part ratio of the ethanol to the mixture of the petals and the filaments after enzymolysis is 0.1-1: 100, and the flow rate of the water vapor is 16 kg/h.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115232670A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-25 | 河北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Lotus essence and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
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| KR20090076536A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-07-13 | 동국대학교 산학협력단 | Essential oil of lotus flower extract for treating dermatological diseases and method for preparing the same |
| CN104194934A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-10 | 杨祝华 | Preparation method of lotus extractum |
| CN108315098A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-07-24 | 海南大学 | A kind of Nymphaea caerulea method of extraction of essential oil and its application |
| CN109628221A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-16 | 广州柚子舍生物科技有限公司 | The extracting method of shaddock flower essential oil |
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2020
- 2020-11-18 CN CN202011295514.6A patent/CN112481035A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20090076536A (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-07-13 | 동국대학교 산학협력단 | Essential oil of lotus flower extract for treating dermatological diseases and method for preparing the same |
| CN104194934A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-10 | 杨祝华 | Preparation method of lotus extractum |
| CN108315098A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-07-24 | 海南大学 | A kind of Nymphaea caerulea method of extraction of essential oil and its application |
| CN109628221A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-16 | 广州柚子舍生物科技有限公司 | The extracting method of shaddock flower essential oil |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 卢雪，等: "荷花不同花期及部位挥发油成分的测定", 《贵州农业科学》 * |
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| 沈丹彤，等: "酶解辅助水蒸汽蒸馏法提取紫枝玫瑰精油工艺研究", 《生物技术进展》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115232670A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-25 | 河北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Lotus essence and preparation method thereof |
| CN115232670B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-11-28 | 河北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Lotus essence and preparation method thereof |
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