CN112481011A - Multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing neodymium-iron-boron material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing neodymium-iron-boron material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal working fluids, and discloses a multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing neodymium iron boron materials and a preparation method thereof. Comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of organic alcohol amine, 5-15% of organic carboxylic acid, 1-10% of extreme pressure agent, 1-10% of boundary lubricant, 0.5-8% of metal corrosion inhibitor, 0.2-1% of wetting agent, 0.2-1% of settling agent, 0.5-2% of anticorrosive bactericide, 0.1-1% of defoaming agent, 0.3-2% of water softener, 0-2% of pH regulator, 2-10% of other additives and the balance of water. The fully synthetic cutting fluid does not contain substances which are toxic and harmful to human bodies, does not pollute the environment, meets the requirements of various processing modes of the neodymium iron boron material, can meet the requirements of lubrication, rust prevention, cleaning and cooling required by neodymium iron boron processing, and improves the recycling economic value of processing scraps.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal working fluids, and relates to a water-based fully synthetic cutting fluid for processing neodymium iron boron magnetic materials and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The neodymium iron boron material is an excellent permanent magnet material, and the forming process mainly comprises three types of sintering forming, bonding forming and injection molding, wherein the sintered neodymium iron boron is the neodymium iron boron material which is most widely applied at present. The sintered neodymium iron boron is formed by powder sintering, only a blank is obtained, and a magnet with a required shape can be obtained through subsequent machining (mainly slicing, grinding, punching and the like).
The sintered neodymium iron boron contains rare earth elements, is active in chemical property, is easy to generate galvanic reaction, is formed by powder sintering, has a typical powder metallurgy characteristic, namely has a microporous structure, and is easy to rust in the processing process of the neodymium iron boron material by adopting common water-based cutting fluid. The cutting fluid for processing the neodymium iron boron material mainly adopts oil-based cutting fluid, but the oil-based cutting fluid has the problems of fire hazard, large oil mist, poor working environment, environmental pollution, poor cleaning property, large oil consumption and the like. With the increasing environmental protection policy of China, more and more neodymium iron boron processing enterprises are searching for suitable water-based cutting fluid to replace oil-based cutting fluid. As the south and north bases for domestic neodymium iron boron production, large-scale neodymium iron boron production enterprises of Ningbo and Baotou are searching for proper water-based cutting fluid in recent years, but the large-scale neodymium iron boron production enterprises cannot completely replace the conventional oil-based cutting fluid due to defects.
Currently, there are few reports on water-based cutting fluids for processing neodymium iron boron, and only the relevant descriptions can be found in sporadic patent documents. Patent CN 101191099B introduces a totally-synthesized water-based cutting fluid for sintered neodymium iron boron and a preparation method thereof, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: mono-or dicarboxylic acids: 2% -9%; at least one of triethanolamine or diethanolamine: 2% -20%; water-soluble thiophosphate salts: 0.1% -2%; water-soluble rare earth complex: 0.1% -2%; at least one of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and polypropylene glycol with molecular weight of 200-600: 2% -20%; pH stabilizer: 0.01 to 0.1 percent; hard water resisting agent: 0.01 to 0.1 percent; water: and (4) the balance. The preparation method comprises the following steps: A. adding the required raw materials according to the raw material components; B. heating, stirring and refluxing, wherein the heating temperature is 70-150 ℃, and the stirring speed is 100-1000R/MIN; C. after reacting for 1-8 hours, cooling to room temperature; patent CN103725387A introduces a wire cutting fluid for neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials, which is characterized in that the cutting fluid comprises the following components: 3-9% of fatty acid, 10-15% of ethanolamine, 3-6% of amino borophosphate, 5-10% of cleaning agent, 6-9% of antirust agent, 0.3-1.0% of hard water resisting agent, 0.3-1.0% of defoaming agent and the balance of water; the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding fatty acid into a reaction kettle according to the amount of a raw material formula, heating to 60-70 ℃, adding ethanolamine under a stirring state, continuously heating to 120-150 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours, then cooling to 80 ℃, sequentially adding amino borophosphonate, a cleaning agent, an antirust agent, a hard water resisting agent, a defoaming agent and water, and continuously stirring for 2 hours to obtain a finished product; patent CN102311860A describes a water-based cutting fluid for processing neodymium iron boron material slices and a using method thereof, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of organic amine, 5-15 parts of organic acid, 1-10 parts of water-soluble phosphate ester, 5-10 parts of antirust corrosion inhibitor, 1-5 parts of dispersant and surface activity, 0.5-5 parts of anticorrosive bactericide, 0.01-1 part of hard water resisting agent, 0.05-1 part of defoaming agent, 2-10 parts of auxiliary agent and the balance of water. The use method of the water-based cutting fluid for processing the neodymium iron boron material slices is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing cutting fluid and water according to the proportion of 1: 10-30 of the diluted solution is used.
From the prior patents and technologies, although some water fully-synthesized cutting fluids for processing neodymium iron boron materials exist, the cutting fluids have some defects, such as large dissolution corrosion to viscose glue used in slicing processing and easy falling off during workpiece processing, which results in cutter breakage; the processed scraps have poor antirust performance, and the recycling value of the scraps is greatly reduced; toxic and harmful substances such as secondary amine, nonyl phenol structural substances and the like are contained; the product is suitable for a single processing mode, and can only meet one of the processing modes of slicing, linear cutting slicing, lapping, punching, special-shaped cutting and the like of a neodymium iron boron material slicing machine. Therefore, the multipurpose neodymium iron boron fully-synthetic cutting fluid which has excellent performance, is more environment-friendly and is suitable for more processing modes is developed, and the market demand is very met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium iron boron material, aiming at the defects of the oil-based cutting fluid and the existing neodymium iron boron fully-synthetic cutting fluid, the fully-synthetic cutting fluid does not contain substances which are toxic and harmful to human bodies, does not pollute the environment, meets the fully-synthetic cutting fluid of various processing modes of the neodymium iron boron material, can meet the requirements of lubrication, rust prevention, cleaning and cooling required by neodymium iron boron processing, and improves the recycling economic value of processing scraps. Meanwhile, a preparation method of the multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium-iron-boron material is provided.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing neodymium iron boron materials comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of organic alcohol amine, 5-15% of organic carboxylic acid, 1-10% of extreme pressure agent, 1-10% of boundary lubricant, 0.5-8% of metal corrosion inhibitor, 0.2-1% of wetting agent, 0.2-1% of settling agent, 0.5-2% of anticorrosive bactericide, 0.1-1% of defoaming agent, 0.3-2% of water softener, 0-2% of pH regulator, 2-10% of other additives and the balance of water.
The organic alcohol amine is one or more of cyclohexyl diethanolamine, diglycolamine, AMP-95, triethanolamine and methyl diethanolamine, and the cyclohexyl diethanolamine is taken as the main component, and the weight percentage of the organic alcohol amine is not less than 7 percent;
the organic carboxylic acid is one or more of undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, sebacic acid, neodecanoic acid, n-nonanoic acid and isooctanoic acid;
the extreme pressure agent is long-chain alkyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, and Al200 of the degussa is preferably selected;
the boundary lubricant is one or more of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide block copolymer with molecular weight of 1700-3100 and vegetable oil modified polyether ester, the ethylene oxide and propylene oxide block copolymer with molecular weight of 1700-3100 is preferably one or two of RPE1740, RPE1720 and RPE2520 of BASF, and the vegetable oil modified polyether ester is preferably EXTRIMIR 150C of Guangzhou Mickey chemical engineering;
the metal corrosion inhibitor is one or more of potassium tetraborate, sodium molybdate, benzotriazole and derivatives thereof;
the wetting agent is polyoxyethylene ether with short carbon chain (<10 carbon atoms), preferably LFE-635 of Dow;
the sedimentation agent is a nonionic active agent fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene copolymer, and METOLAT 4050 of Geng Wen is preferably selected;
the antiseptic bactericide is one or more of benzisothiazolinone, methyl benzisothiazolinone and butyl benzisothiazolinone;
the defoaming agent is polyether modified siloxane and polyether amine, and the component ratio of the polyether modified siloxane to the polyether amine is 1: 3;
the water softener is one or two of EDTA-4Na, sodium gluconate, NTA-3Na and DPTA-5 Na;
the PH regulator is potassium hydroxide with the content of 90%;
the other auxiliary agents are one or more of ethanol, polyethylene glycol-400 and alkyl glucoside, and are used for improving the chip removal performance, the discharge efficiency and the arc extinguishing performance of the cutting fluid during linear cutting processing.
The preparation method of the multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium-iron-boron material is disclosed; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding organic alcohol amine and organic carboxylic acid into a reaction kettle according to the required weight ratio of the formula components, controlling the temperature to be 60-80 ℃, stirring at the speed of 50-70r/min, and reacting for 2 h. The reaction product is transparent viscous liquid and is used as an agent A;
(2) adding water into a reaction kettle, starting stirring, controlling the stirring speed at 30-50r/min, and sequentially adding a pH regulator, a water softener and a metal corrosion inhibitor, wherein the adding time interval of each additive is 10-20 minutes;
(3) and (3) adding the A additive, the extreme pressure agent, the boundary lubricant, other auxiliary agents, the wetting agent, the settling agent, the anti-corrosion bactericide and the defoaming agent into the solution obtained in the step (2) in sequence, wherein the adding time interval of each additive is 5-15 minutes. The transparent and uniform multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium-iron-boron material can be obtained by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the product has excellent lubricating property and cooling property through reasonable matching of the extreme pressure agent and the boundary lubricant, so that the product can meet the requirement that other fully synthetic cutting fluids can only be used for processing slices and abrasive discs, and can meet the requirements of drilling, hole milling, reaming and other punching processing.
(2) The introduction of ethanol, polyethylene glycol-400, alkyl glycoside and the like provides explosion energy for linear cutting processing, improves the chip removal performance, the discharge efficiency and the arc extinguishing performance of the cutting fluid during linear cutting processing, and ensures that the product can completely meet the requirements of slicing processing and linear cutting special-shaped processing of neodymium iron boron materials in a linear cutting mode.
(3) The organic alcohol amine in the product has low volatility and high and stable alkali storage, and has excellent antirust performance on neodymium iron boron materials and processing scraps through reasonable collocation with organic carboxylic acid, so that the antirust requirement on a machined part is ensured, and the problem that the recycling value of the processing scraps is not high due to rusting is solved. Meanwhile, special alcohol amines such as cyclohexyl diethanol amine, diglycolamine, AMP-95 and the like have excellent precipitation inhibition effect on rare metals such as cobalt and the like in the neodymium iron boron material, and corrosion of the cutting fluid to a workpiece can be obviously reduced.
(4) By introducing the efficient wetting agent and the non-ionic settling agent, the product has excellent metal chip settling property, permeability and cleaning property, and ensures the processing precision and the cleanness of equipment and workpieces.
(5) The organic alcohol amine selected by the product is non-strong alkaline tertiary amine, the dissolution and corrosion of glue used in the slice processing are small, the problem of knife breakage caused by workpiece falling in the processing process can not be caused, and the occurrence of safety accidents is reduced.
(6) The product does not contain toxic and harmful substances such as nitrite, chromate, secondary amine, nonyl phenol, heavy metal and the like, is harmless to human bodies, does not pollute the environment, and has low waste liquid treatment cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of glue dissolution and corrosion.
In the figure, 1, a test piece, 2, a weight, 3, a liquid product and 4, an iron stand.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to specific examples, without limiting the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods adopted by the invention are all conventional methods, and experimental equipment, materials, reagents and the like used in the experimental method can be obtained from commercial sources.
Example 1
A multipurpose fully synthetic cutting fluid for processing neodymium iron boron materials, the formula of which is shown in the following table 1,
TABLE 1 multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid formula table for processing neodymium-iron-boron material
The preparation method of this example comprises the following steps: (1) sequentially adding organic alcohol amine and organic carboxylic acid into a reaction kettle according to the required weight ratio of the formula components, controlling the temperature to be 65 ℃, stirring at the speed of 60r/min, and reacting for 2 h. The reaction product is transparent viscous liquid and is used as an agent A; (2) adding water into a reaction kettle, starting stirring, controlling the stirring speed at 35r/min, and sequentially adding a pH regulator, a water softener and a metal corrosion inhibitor, wherein the feeding time interval of each additive is 15 minutes; (3) and (3) adding an additive A, an extreme pressure agent, a boundary lubricant, other auxiliary agents, a wetting agent, a settling agent, an anti-corrosion bactericide and a defoaming agent into the solution obtained in the step (2) in sequence, wherein the addition time interval of each additive is 10 minutes. The transparent and uniform product can be obtained by the preparation method.
Example 2
The formula of the multipurpose fully synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium iron boron material is shown in the following table 2,
TABLE 2 multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid formula table for processing neodymium iron boron material
The preparation method of this example is the same as that of the first example.
Example 3
A multipurpose fully synthetic cutting fluid for processing neodymium iron boron materials, the formula of which is shown in the following table 3,
TABLE 3 multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid formula table for processing neodymium-iron-boron material
The preparation method of this example is the same as that of the first example.
The multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium-iron-boron material, provided by the invention, can be mixed with water in any proportion, and the use proportion is formulated according to field process parameters. The product has excellent lubricity and cooling property, and can meet all processing modes of post-processing of the neodymium iron boron material; the antirust performance is excellent, the breakpoint concentration of the neodymium iron boron material scrap antirust test is less than or equal to 3%, and the antirust requirements of the neodymium iron boron material and the scrap can be met; the settleability, the chip removal performance and the cleaning performance are excellent, the processing precision and the processing efficiency are ensured, and the surfaces of workpieces and equipment are clean; the water dissolution corrosion test of the bonding adhesive is far beyond 5 hours, and the requirement that the workpiece is not dropped due to dissolution corrosion in the processing period of the neodymium iron boron material slice can be completely met; the product does not contain toxic and harmful substances such as nitrite, chromate, secondary amine, nonyl phenol, heavy metal and the like, the raw materials can be biodegraded, and the product is harmless to human bodies, does not pollute the environment and has low waste liquid treatment cost.
The main performance indexes of the multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium-iron-boron material obtained in the embodiment of the invention are shown in Table 4 and the related performance indexes of the product in Table 4
(a) The scrap iron used in the test is scrap iron generated by oil-based cutting oil adopted by neodymium iron boron material processing enterprises, and the scrap iron is cleaned by a solvent and then tested;
(b) the test method comprises the following steps: a cast iron or carbon steel test piece is adhered to a 0.2Kg weight by 502 glue, and after the glue is solidified, the cast iron or carbon steel test piece and the weight are suspended and immersed in the product of the invention, the weight is positioned below, and the time for the weight to automatically fall off is measured, as shown in figure 1.
The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the invention, rather than all possible embodiments of the invention. Any obvious modifications to the above would be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, but would not bring the invention so modified beyond the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing neodymium iron boron materials is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of organic alcohol amine, 5-15% of organic carboxylic acid, 1-10% of extreme pressure agent, 1-10% of boundary lubricant, 0.5-8% of metal corrosion inhibitor, 0.2-1% of wetting agent, 0.2-1% of settling agent, 0.5-2% of anticorrosive bactericide, 0.1-1% of defoaming agent, 0.3-2% of water softener, 0-2% of pH regulator, 2-10% of other additives and the balance of water.
2. The multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium-iron-boron material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic alcohol amine is one or more of cyclohexyl diethanolamine, diglycolamine, AMP-95, triethanolamine and methyl diethanolamine, and the cyclohexyl diethanolamine is taken as the main component, and the weight percentage of the cyclohexyl diethanolamine is not less than 7%;
the organic carboxylic acid is one or more of undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, sebacic acid, neodecanoic acid, n-nonanoic acid and isooctanoic acid;
the extreme pressure agent is long-chain alkyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate.
3. The multipurpose fully synthetic cutting fluid for processing neodymium iron boron materials as claimed in claim 2, wherein the boundary lubricant is one or more of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide block copolymer with molecular weight 1700-3100 and vegetable oil modified polyether ester.
4. The multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium-iron-boron material according to claim 3, wherein the metal corrosion inhibitor is one or more of potassium tetraborate, sodium molybdate, benzotriazole and derivatives thereof;
the wetting agent is polyoxyethylene ether with a short carbon chain of less than 10 carbon atoms.
5. The multipurpose fully synthetic cutting fluid for processing neodymium iron boron materials according to claim 4, wherein the settling agent is a nonionic active agent fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene copolymer.
6. The multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium-iron-boron material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the anti-corrosion bactericide is one or more of benzisothiazolinone, methylbenzoisothiazolinone and butylbenzoisothiazolinone;
the defoaming agent is polyether modified siloxane and polyether amine, and the component ratio of the polyether modified siloxane to the polyether amine is 1: 3;
the water softener is one or two of EDTA-4Na, sodium gluconate, NTA-3Na and DPTA-5 Na;
the PH regulator is potassium hydroxide with the content of 90%;
the other auxiliary agents are one or more of ethanol, polyethylene glycol-400 and alkyl glycoside.
7. The preparation method of the multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium-iron-boron material as claimed in claims 1-6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sequentially adding organic alcohol amine and organic carboxylic acid into a reaction kettle according to the weight ratio required by the formula components, controlling the temperature to be 60-80 ℃, stirring at the speed of 50-70r/min, and reacting for 2 h; the reaction product is transparent viscous liquid and is used as an agent A;
(2) adding water into a reaction kettle, starting stirring, controlling the stirring speed at 30-50r/min, and sequentially adding a pH regulator, a water softener and a metal corrosion inhibitor, wherein the adding time interval of each additive is 10-20 minutes;
(3) adding an A additive, an extreme pressure agent, a boundary lubricant, other auxiliary agents, a wetting agent, a settling agent, an anti-corrosion bactericide and a defoaming agent into the solution obtained in the step (2) in sequence, wherein the adding time interval of each additive is 5-15 minutes; the transparent and uniform multipurpose fully-synthetic cutting fluid for processing the neodymium-iron-boron material can be obtained by the preparation method.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114479776A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-13 | 安徽三宝棉纺针织投资有限公司 | Anti-freezing solution with anti-scaling capability |
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