CN112472738A - 一种化滞解郁药物 - Google Patents

一种化滞解郁药物 Download PDF

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CN112472738A
CN112472738A CN202011561949.0A CN202011561949A CN112472738A CN 112472738 A CN112472738 A CN 112472738A CN 202011561949 A CN202011561949 A CN 202011561949A CN 112472738 A CN112472738 A CN 112472738A
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金涛
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种化滞解郁药物,其配方按重量粉配比包括:灵磁石25‑40制首乌10‑15。本发明是基于中医基础理论并总结大量临床经验得到的验方。根据临床观察,患者多有情致刺激史。因此,此类病症多为情志过极、心失所养,气机郁结,属于实证。随着病情反复、经久不愈,病情常由实转虚,阴损及阳,或气阴两虚,从而导致心、脾、肾、肝亏虚的不同类型的病变。因此,化滞解郁汤药物在组方上长于疏肝解郁、益气养阴,申请人开创性地发现采用灵磁石和制首乌的组合能起到协同作用;利用灵磁石的镇静潜阳的特性以及制首乌本身补益气、补气血的功效,两者结合,清肝泻火,佐养心脾,滋肾安神。且灵磁石滋肾镇惊,制首乌滋肾阴,达到阴中求阳的意想不到的效果。

Description

一种化滞解郁药物
技术领域
本发明涉及中药配方技术领域,特别涉及一种化滞解郁药物。
背景技术
抑郁症,又称抑郁障碍,为常见的精神障碍,所带来的疾病负担持续增高,是造成疾病、残疾的常见原因之一,其主要临床表现为心情持续低落。焦虑症,又称焦虑性神经症,其主要表现为焦虑情绪。目前认为,抑郁症的发病原因主要为中枢去甲肾上腺素和(或)5-羟色胺、多巴胺等这些特定的神经递质含量降低以及其对应的受体功能下降。临床用于治疗抑郁症的药物主要分为三环类抗抑郁药(TCAs)、选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs)及5-羟色胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SNRIs)。TCAs常具有不同程度的不良反应,且在重症患者使用过程中先于治疗效果产生,可导致嗜睡、心律失常、肥胖等问题。SSRIs在临床上具有较高的使用率,很少引起严重的不良反应,但往往会导致患者出现性功能障碍、睡眠障碍等副作用,影响日常生活、工作。SNRIs抗抑郁起效快,但有较高几率导致射精异常、失眠、出汗、高血压等不良反应。同时超量服用SNRIs时易导致心血管毒性、中枢抑制与癫痫发作。综上,单纯西药抑制剂治疗抑郁症及焦虑症患者往往会带来较多弊端,患者在治疗过程中有较高可能性出现不良反应,疗效较差,且在治疗中易出现耐药性和副作用。长期服用药物可出现肝功能损害,药物也有一定几率导致情志变化,引起更严重的情志疾病。患者在长期服用抗抑郁药物后易导致激素水平改变,出现一定程度的药物依赖,因此在停药时表现出更严重的情志及精神问题。并且许多抗抑郁药物在使用过程中需结合苯二氮卓类药物辅助镇静,而苯二氮卓类药物成瘾性较强,也增加了抗抑郁药物使用的风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种化滞解郁药物。
本发明的技术方案:一种化滞解郁药物,其配方按重量粉配比包括:
灵磁石25-40制首乌10-15。
本发明是基于中医基础理论并总结大量临床经验得到的验方。抑郁、焦虑在古代中医病症中可以归为郁证,《内经》中就有大量对于情志致郁的病机的论述。目前中医界认为郁证主要是肝、心、脾三脏气血失调引起。根据临床观察,患者多有情致刺激史。因此,此类病症多为情志过极、心失所养,气机郁结,属于实证。随着病情反复、经久不愈,病情常由实转虚,阴损及阳,或气阴两虚,从而导致心、脾、肾、肝亏虚的不同类型的病变。因此,化滞解郁汤药物在组方上长于疏肝解郁、益气养阴,申请人开创性地发现采用灵磁石和制首乌的组合能起到协同作用;利用灵磁石的镇静潜阳的特性以及制首乌本身补益气、补气血的功效,两者结合,清肝泻火,佐养心脾,滋肾安神。且灵磁石滋肾镇惊,制首乌滋肾阴,达到阴中求阳的意想不到的效果。
进一步的,配方按重量份配比还包括:玫瑰8-20佛手5-15百合5-20茯神5-15制黄精20-35。
从大量临床治疗有效的药物中筛选出玫瑰花、佛手、制黄精、百合、茯神。其中玫瑰花能和血生血、理气,佛手能理气快膈,制黄精能养阴润肺,百合能安心、定胆、益智、养五脏,茯神能安魂、养神、延年,灵磁石与制黄精配伍可起到补精生血,安神定志的作用。与其余诸药合用,共奏益气养阴,舒肝理气,安神定志,滋养脏腑。
进一步的,配方按重量份配比还包括:
Figure BDA0002860677810000031
进一步的,其配方按重量粉配比包括:
Figure BDA0002860677810000032
现代人生活、工作中多受刺激及高强度精神压力,反复的情致不畅导致肝气郁滞;同时日常饮食不当、运动减少,导致脾胃运化功能失常,痰饮内积。故本方在上述药物的基础上配伍《医学心悟》中经典方剂生铁落饮加减。贝母、连翘、茯苓、茯神、远志、陈皮清心涤痰,安神定志;玄参、天冬、麦冬养心血、滋心液,壮水以济火也;钩藤滋阴以平肝;石菖蒲开心孔而通九窍,复其神明之用焉。
其中,玫瑰理气解郁和血以安心神,与清心安神之百合共为君,臣以茯神、菖蒲、远志以增强安神之性,佐以酸枣仁除烦、缓解失眠,共奏安神定志之功。患者多有烦躁,故再臣以重镇之磁石、清热之连翘、清心火之灯心草以凉心中之烦热。精神障碍患者多有肝阴亏虚,故在此基础上臣以钩藤滋阴息风,佐以黄精、天冬、麦冬、浙贝、玄参、首乌一众滋阴之品,大补一身之阴液。更有患者出现心神不安导致的一身之气紊乱,引起气滞、痰凝,故臣以佛手疏肝理气、陈皮健脾化痰,佐以茯苓健脾利湿。全方以平肝滋肝、清心化痰、益气健脾为主要功效,达到治疗郁证的功效。
实际实验中,玫瑰花可显著缩短绝望小鼠模型不动时间,缓解抑郁情绪;百合可通过激活海马组织中CaM信号通路中特定关键分子以起到缓解抑郁情绪的作用;灵磁石具有镇静、抗惊厥、延长睡眠时间的作用;茯神可对抗咖啡因引起的兴奋状态;黄精乙醇提取物能增强正常小鼠的学习能力;黄精多糖可改善脑缺血引起的脑组织代谢活动,维持大脑正常功能;茯苓中含有的茯苓酸与石菖蒲中含有的细辛醚具有抗氧化、抗炎等多种生物学特性,起到抗抑郁、抗痴呆等作用;连翘可通过参与调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架和轴突导向因子从而去改善神经元细胞的生长发育状况而发挥抗抑郁作用;制首乌对中枢神经系统具有一定的保护作用,可降低脑组织中IDO和NMDAR1含量,从而达到抗抑郁的效果;远志可以通过抑制单胺类神经递质的再摄取过程发挥抗抑郁作用;钩藤中的大叶钩藤总生物碱可缩短小鼠FST、TST不动时间,增加利血平致抑郁小鼠自主活动次数;灯芯草提取物中厚朴酚具有良好的镇静作用;麦冬、浙贝母、天冬等药物可增强免疫力、抗衰老、抗氧化。因此,上述药物可有效缓解抑郁情绪,调节情绪
与现有技术相比,本发明为纯中药汤剂,组方建立在传统中医理论基础上,在直接产生治疗作用、兼顾伴随症状的同时具有较小的副作用,且临床使用过程中尚未表现出成瘾性。化滞解郁汤药物便于患者使用,可根据情况选择汤剂、颗粒剂等剂型,患者依从性较高,且颗粒剂的调配仅需中药房即可完成。
相较于目前临床常用的西药治疗方法更为安全可靠、副作用小、成本较低、服用方法简单。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但并不作为对本发明限制的依据。
实施例:化滞解郁汤药物是一种中药汤剂的配方,该配方中采用到的药物有玫瑰花、佛手、灵磁石、百合、茯神、制黄精、茯苓、钩藤、连翘、天冬、麦冬、浙贝母、陈皮、石菖蒲、远志、玄参、炒酸枣仁、制首乌、灯芯草共19种中药。
在上述配方中各味中药中:
玫瑰花:味甘、微苦,温。归肝、胃经。功能与主治:行气解郁,活血止痛。用于肝胃不和,外伤肿痛。
佛手:味辛、苦,温。归肝、脾、肺经。功能与主治:行气止痛,和胃化痰。用于胸胁胀满作痛,食欲不佳,呕吐,咳嗽痰多。
灵磁石:咸,寒。归肝、心、肾经。功能与主治:平肝潜阳,聪耳明目,镇惊安神,纳气平喘。用于头晕目眩,视物昏花,耳鸣耳聋,惊悸失眠,肾虚气喘
百合:甘,寒。归心、肺经。功能与主治:养阴润肺,清心安神。用于阴虚久咳,痰中带血,虚烦惊悸,失眠多梦,精神恍惚。
茯神:甘,淡,性平。归心、脾经。功能与主治:宁心,安神,利水,用于惊悸,健忘,健忘失眠,惊痫,小便不利。
制黄精:性平,味甘。归脾,肺,肾经。功能与主治:养阴润肺,补脾益气,滋肾填精,用于阴虚劳嗽,肺燥咳嗽,脾虚乏力,食少口干,消渴,肾亏腰膝酸软,阳痿遗精,耳鸣目暗,须发早白,体虚赢瘦,风癞癣疾。
茯苓:性平,味甘淡。归心、肺、脾、肾经。功能与主治:利水渗湿,健脾宁心,用于水肿尿少,痰饮眩悸,脾虚食少,便溏泄泻,心神不安,惊悸失眠。
钩藤:性凉,味甘。归肝、心包经。功能与主治:清热平肝,息风定惊,用于头痛眩晕,感冒夹惊,惊痫抽搐,妊娠子痫,高血压。
连翘:性微寒,味苦。归肺、心、小肠经。功能与主治:清热解毒,消肿散结,主痈疽,瘰疠,乳痈,丹毒,风热感冒,温病初起,温热入营,高热烦渴,神昏发斑,热淋尿闭。
天冬:性寒,味甘、苦。归肺、肾经。功能与主治:养阴润燥,清肺生津,主肺燥干咳,顿咳痰黏,咽干口渴,肠燥便秘。
麦冬:性微寒,味甘、微苦。归心、肺、胃经。养阴生津,润肺清心,主肺燥干咳。虚痨咳嗽,津伤口渴,心烦失眠,内热消渴,肠燥便秘。浙贝母:性寒,味苦。归肺、心经。功能与主治:清热散结,化痰止咳,主风热犯肺,痰火咳嗽,肺痈,乳痈,瘰疬,疮毒。
陈皮:性温,味苦、辛。归肺、脾经。功能与主治:理气健脾,燥湿化痰,主胸脘胀满,食少吐泻,咳嗽痰多。
石菖蒲:性温,味苦、辛。归心、胃经。功能与主治:化湿开胃,开窍豁痰,醒神益智,主脘痞不饥,噤口下痢,神昏癫痫,健忘耳聋。
远志:性温,味苦、辛。归心、肾、肺经。功能与主治:安神益智,祛痰,消肿,主失眠多梦,健忘惊悸,神志恍惚,咳痰不爽,疮疡肿毒,乳房肿痛。
玄参:性微寒,味甘、苦、咸。归肺、胃、肾经。功能与主治:凉血滋阴,泻火解毒,主热病伤阴,舌绛烦渴,温毒发斑,津伤便秘,骨蒸劳嗽,目赤,咽痛,瘰疠,白喉,痈肿疮毒。
炒酸枣仁:性平,味甘、酸。归肝、胆、心经。功能与主治:补肝,宁心,敛汗,生津,主虚烦不眠,惊悸多梦,体虚多汗,津伤口渴。
制首乌:性温,味苦、甘、涩。归肝、心、肾经。功能与主治:补肝肾,益精血,乌须发,强筋骨,主血虚萎黄,眩晕耳鸣,须发早白,腰膝酸软,肢体麻木,崩漏带下,久疟体虚。
灯芯草:性微寒,味甘、淡。归心、肺、小肠经。功能与主治:清心火,利小便,主心烦失眠,尿少涩痛,口舌生疮。
以下根据临床的疗效进行作证:
根据轻、中度抑郁症临床病例对照研究,本方案治疗有效率为60%,氟西汀治疗组的有效率为65%,经卡方检验,两方案总体疗效无显著差异。而氟西汀组失眠、嗜睡、口干发生率高于化滞解郁汤药物组。因此化滞解郁汤药物治疗抑郁症安全性好,耐受性高,无明显不良反应,适合轻、中度抑郁症患者及焦虑症患者;
典型案例:林某,女,31岁,精神抑郁,记忆力减退,乏力,夜寐不安,月经量少,乳腺小叶增生,肾结石,胃炎病史,大便质稀黏腻。SDS评分75,中度抑郁。
采用处方1:灵磁石30,制首乌12。制成颗粒剂,溶解于水后口服,一日两次,每次5g-10g。
在服用药物8周后,症状明显缓解,精神、情志均转佳,SDS评分43,无抑郁。该病例属于工作操劳过度,心阴暗耗,所以肾亏肝旺,便以灵磁石与制首乌的组合滋阴而至补阳。
典型案例:张某,女,16岁,焦虑抑郁1年余,烦躁不安,夜间易醒,长期服用百忧解,Zung氏抑郁自评量表(SDS)、Zung氏焦虑自评量表(SAS)显示有中度抑郁、焦虑。
采用处方2:灵磁石25,制首乌10,玫瑰8,佛手10,百合10,茯神10,制黄精25。制成颗粒剂,溶解于水后口服,一日两次,每次5g-10g。
在服用5周后,百忧解全减,SDS、SAS指标正常,睡眠佳,精神可,烦躁止,余症消,成绩提升。该病例抑郁时间较长,并且长期服用西药抗抑郁,但是效果不稳定,另外由于百忧解的副作用,一度出现消化道症状以及头晕头痛。所以在处方2中,利用玫瑰花,制黄精与灵磁石的组合,补精生血,安神定制,先解决西药带来的副作用,解决身体症状。由于病例年龄较小,所以采用百合,茯神的组合,安神益智。在复诊中发现,该病患的反应能力具有显著性提高,思维更为活跃。
典型案例:刘某,男,46岁,始自五年前精神创伤后,由于多愁,时而流泪,看书头痛尤著,Zung氏抑郁自评量表(SDS)、Zung氏焦虑自评量表(SAS)显示有重抑郁、焦虑。
Figure BDA0002860677810000081
Figure BDA0002860677810000082
制成颗粒剂,溶解于水后口服,一日两次,每次10g-20g。该方是参照了经典方剂生铁落饮的基础上进行的复配。并独特性地加入了灯心草,酸枣仁的组合。在连续服用10周后,症状得到明显改善。并转用处方2继续服用三周,直至痊愈,并且至今未有复发。

Claims (4)

1.一种化滞解郁药物,其特征在于:其配方按照重量份配比包括以下组分:灵磁石25-40制首乌10-15。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种化滞解郁药物,其特征在于:配方按重量份配比还包括:玫瑰8-20佛手5-15百合5-20茯神5-15制黄精20-35。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种化滞解郁药物,其特征在于:配方按重量份配比还包括:
茯苓5-15 茯神5-15 钩藤8-20
连翘8-16 天冬10-15 麦冬5-20 浙贝6-16
陈皮3-8 石菖蒲10-15 制远志8-16 玄参5-16
酸枣仁20-50 灯心草1-5。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种化滞解郁药物,其特征在于:其配方按重量粉配比为:
玫瑰10 佛手10 灵磁石30 百合12
茯苓12 制黄精30 茯神12 钩藤12
连翘12 天冬12 麦冬12 浙贝12
陈皮6 石菖蒲12 制远志12 玄参12
酸枣仁30 制首乌12 灯心草3。
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Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102293921A (zh) * 2011-08-13 2011-12-28 胡佳顶 一种治疗耳聋的中药组合物

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102293921A (zh) * 2011-08-13 2011-12-28 胡佳顶 一种治疗耳聋的中药组合物

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