CN112426501A - Traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves, and relates to the technical field of veterinary medicines. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises radix Codonopsis, Poria, parched Atractylodis rhizoma, Glycyrrhrizae radix, rhizoma Dioscoreae, parched semen lablab album, semen Nelumbinis, parched Coicis semen, fructus Amomi, radix Platycodi, herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, and radix astragali, and the compound microorganism comprises Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, and enterococcus faecalis; the invention fuses active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines, beneficial microorganisms and other substances, and performs fermentation optimization on the basis, thereby realizing the maximization of the utilization of the Chinese herbal medicines and the microorganisms, effectively improving the weight gain of calves, having the effect of reducing the influence of weaning stress, reducing the diarrhea rate of the calves, improving the breeding benefit and having good social and economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of veterinary drugs, and in particular relates to a traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the process of breeding cattle, early weaning of calves is adopted in many pastures at present, and due to the fact that different types of feeds are fed, the forage form, the nutrient composition and the feeding system are changed; the calves with the developing digestive tract function often have weaning stress response, and the phenomena of growth and development obstruction, disordered hair, lackluster and the like are shown. Meanwhile, as the calf digestive system is not developed completely and cannot adapt to stress reaction generated by food change, the activities of digestive enzymes such as trypsin, amylase, lipase and the like are reduced, so that digestive dysfunction is caused to cause diarrhea, and the calf digestive system is extremely unfavorable for the growth health of calves.
One of the frequently encountered diseases of the calves at present is calf diarrhea, which brings great economic loss to the cattle industry. The main symptom of the disease is diarrhea, the feces are thin soup or water sample, if the feces are not controlled in time, dehydration and acidosis can occur, and the death rate in the later period is high. Antibiotic treatment is adopted clinically at home and abroad, but drug resistance is easy to generate, and the intestinal health of calves is affected. Veterinary researchers in part of China study the pathogenesis of calf diarrhea and other problems, and develop traditional Chinese medicine formulas with different formulas, so that the morbidity of calf diarrhea is reduced to a certain extent, but in the existing traditional Chinese medicine preparation, some cold and cool medicines also have negative influence on the growth and development of calves to a certain extent in the process of treating calf diarrhea, so that the problem of urgent need to be solved is to develop an additive capable of promoting the growth and development of calves and preventing calf diarrhea.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting the growth of calves and preventing diarrhea and the preparation method thereof.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves, which comprises compound microorganisms and a traditional Chinese medicine composition, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10-20 parts of poria cocos, 15-25 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5-15 parts of liquorice, 10-20 parts of Chinese yam, 10-20 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 10-20 parts of lotus seed, 10-20 parts of fried coix seed, 5-15 parts of fructus amomi, 5-15 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 15-25 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 15-25 parts of astragalus membranaceus; the compound microorganism comprises candida utilis, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, the number ratio of viable bacteria is 1-1.5: 0.5-1.5: 0.8-1.6, and the total viable bacteria number is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
Further, as an optimization of the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves, the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10-15 parts of poria cocos, 15-20 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5-10 parts of liquorice, 10-15 parts of Chinese yam, 10-15 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 10-15 parts of lotus seed, 10-15 parts of fried coix seed, 5-10 parts of fructus amomi, 5-10 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 15-20 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 15-20 parts of astragalus membranaceus; the compound microorganism comprises candida utilis, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, the number ratio of viable bacteria is 1-1.2: 0.8-1.3: 1-1.4, and the total viable bacteria number is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
Further, as an optimization of the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves, the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10 parts of poria cocos, 15-parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5 parts of liquorice, 10 parts of Chinese yam, 10 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 10 parts of lotus seed, 10 parts of fried coix seed, 5 parts of fructus amomi, 5 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 15 parts of astragalus membranaceus; the compound microorganism comprises Candida utilis and Spica PrunellaeBacillus and enterococcus faecalis with viable count ratio of 1:1:1, and total viable count not less than 1 × 1010cfu/g。
On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively inoculating the preserved candida utilis, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis bacterial liquids into respective liquid culture media in the inoculation amount of 1%, and shaking and culturing at 38 ℃ overnight at the rotating speed of 200 rpm;
(2) weighing the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight, 10-20 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10-20 parts of poria cocos, 15-25 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5-15 parts of liquorice, 10-20 parts of Chinese yam, 10-20 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 10-20 parts of lotus seed, 10-20 parts of fried coix seed, 5-15 parts of fructus amomi, 5-15 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 15-25 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 15-25 parts of astragalus membranaceus, and respectively crushing the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials, sieving the crushed raw materials with a 100-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing the crushed raw materials to;
(3) respectively mixing the solid base material with the Candida utilis culture solution, the Bacillus subtilis culture solution and the enterococcus faecalis culture solution obtained in the step (1) according to the proportion of adding 20mL of culture solution into every 100g of the solid base material, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture of each strain culture solution and the solid base material;
(4) hermetically culturing the mixture obtained in the step (3) at 38 ℃ for more than 24 hours, and determining the number of live bacteria of each strain culture to ensure that the number of live bacteria of each strain culture is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1010 cfu/g；
(5) Drying the culture of each strain in the step (4) at 45 ℃ for 48 hours respectively, crushing and subpackaging to prepare preparations of each strain respectively;
(6) and (3) preparing the preparation of each strain obtained in the step (5) according to the viable count of the candida utilis: b, bacillus subtilis: the enterococcus faecalis is mixed and uniformly stirred according to the quantity ratio of 1-1.5: 0.5-1.5: 0.8-1.6 to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation, and the total viable bacteria number of the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
Further, as an agent for promoting growth of calvesThe optimization of the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for preventing diarrhea comprises the following components of a liquid culture solution of candida utilis: 2% of glucose, 0.5% of yeast extract, 1.0% of peptone and 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the liquid culture solution of the bacillus subtilis comprises the following components: 10g of tryptone, 3g of beef extract, 5g of sodium chloride and 1000ml of distilled water, wherein the pH value is 7.4; the liquid culture medium of the enterococcus faecalis comprises the following components: tryptone 10g, beef extract 10g, yeast powder 5g, K2HPO42g of diammonium citrate, 2g of sodium acetate, 5g of glucose, 801 ml of Tween and MgSO4·7H2O 0.58g、MnSO4·4H20.25g of O and 1000ml of distilled water.
The traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the invention is mainly prepared from sweet medicines, focuses on both qi and yin, is beneficial to qi and yin, treats deficiency and excess simultaneously, and has the effects of tonifying spleen yin, activating spleen qi and dissipating spleen dampness. The Chinese medicinal formula adopts codonopsis pilosula, poria cocos, fried bighead atractylodes rhizome and fried licorice root, and fried Chinese yam is added to directly enter spleen channels, tonify spleen yin and raise spleen qi, and the fried Chinese yam is sweet and neutral, enters spleen channels, lung channels and kidney channels, nourishes yin without greasy feeling, and tonifies without stagnation. Parched semen lablab album and semen Nelumbinis are effective in invigorating spleen and qi, parched Coicis semen is effective in eliminating dampness and invigorating spleen, fructus Amomi is aromatic in activating spleen, and can be used for regulating qi activity, dispersing dampness and turbid pathogen, invigorating stomach and activating spleen, and radix Platycodi can be used for regulating qi activity. Wherein, part of the medicine has the following effects: the codonopsis pilosula is a commonly used traditional tonifying medicine in China, has the effects of tonifying middle-jiao and Qi, invigorating spleen and benefiting lung, and is mild in nature, sweet in taste and slightly sour. It enters spleen and lung meridians. Tonify middle-jiao and Qi, invigorate spleen and benefit lung. The Chinese medicinal composition is used for treating spleen and lung weakness, shortness of breath, palpitation, poor appetite, loose stool, asthenic asthma, cough, internal heat and diabetes, and has an exciting effect on a nervous system and can enhance the body resistance according to modern medical researches. The lotus seeds are sweet and astringent in taste and mild in nature; it is mainly used for spleen deficiency, chronic diarrhea, anorexia and kidney qi deficiency. The agrimony is neutral in nature and bitter and astringent in taste, enters lung, liver and spleen channels, and has the effects of astringing to stop bleeding, stopping dysentery, tonifying deficiency, strengthening body, killing parasites, detoxifying and treating sore. Astragalus root, radix astragali, sweet in taste and warm in nature, enters lung and spleen meridians, is a very important qi-tonifying medicine, can tonify qi of the whole body, is good at tonifying qi of the exterior of the body, and especially has good effects on fatigue, hypodynamia and inappetence caused by spleen qi deficiency.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves and a preparation method thereof, the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation is prepared by compound fermentation of a traditional Chinese medicine composition and a compound strain, the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation is prepared by scientifically mixing traditional Chinese medicines which basically have no stimulation and damage to gastrointestinal tracts of calves by utilizing the characteristic that the traditional Chinese medicines are not easy to generate drug resistance and drug residues of animal products, and the synergistic effect of the traditional Chinese medicines can effectively improve the weight gain of the calves, has the effect of reducing the influence of weaning stress, reduces the diarrhea rate of the calves and improves the culture benefit. According to the invention, different microorganisms are reasonably proportioned, so that the digestion of calves can be helped, the number of beneficial microorganisms in intestinal tracts can be increased, the diarrhea rate of calves is reduced, meanwhile, the addition of the compound microorganisms is beneficial to extracting and utilizing effective components and active substances of traditional Chinese medicine raw materials to the maximum extent, the absorption rate of calves is increased, and the disease resistance of calves can be further improved and the growth and development of calves are promoted due to the new active substances generated after fermentation. The product of the invention combines the active ingredients of the Chinese herbal medicines, beneficial microorganisms and other substances, and performs fermentation optimization on the basis, thereby realizing the maximization of the utilization of the Chinese herbal medicines and the microorganisms and having good social and economic benefits.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) respectively inoculating the preserved bacteria liquid of candida utilis, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis into a liquid culture medium in an inoculation amount of 1%, and performing shaking culture at 38 ℃ for overnight at the rotating speed of 200 rpm;
(2) weighing the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight, 10 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10 parts of poria cocos, 15 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5 parts of liquorice, 10 parts of Chinese yam, 10 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 10 parts of lotus seed, 10 parts of fried coix seed, 5 parts of fructus amomi, 5 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 parts of hairyvein agrimonia herb and bud and 15 parts of astragalus membranaceus, and respectively crushing the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials, sieving the crushed raw materials with a 100-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing the raw;
(3) respectively mixing the solid base material with the Candida utilis culture solution, the Bacillus subtilis culture solution and the enterococcus faecalis culture solution obtained in the step (1) according to the proportion of adding 20mL of culture solution into every 100g of the solid base material, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture of each strain culture solution and the solid base material;
(4) hermetically culturing the mixture obtained in the step (3) at 38 ℃ for more than 24 hours, and determining the number of live bacteria of each strain culture to ensure that the number of live bacteria of each strain culture is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g；
(5) Drying the culture of each strain in the step (4) at 45 ℃ for 48 hours respectively, crushing and subpackaging to prepare preparations of each strain respectively;
(6) and (3) preparing the preparation of each strain obtained in the step (5) according to the viable count of the candida utilis: b, bacillus subtilis: mixing enterococcus faecalis at a ratio of 1:1:1, and stirring to obtain microecological preparation with viable count of 1 × 10 or more10cfu/g。
Wherein the liquid culture solution of the candida utilis comprises the following components: 2% of glucose, 0.5% of yeast extract, 1.0% of peptone and 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the liquid culture solution of the bacillus subtilis comprises the following components: 10g of tryptone, 3g of beef extract, 5g of sodium chloride and 1000ml of distilled water, wherein the pH value is 7.4; the liquid culture medium of the enterococcus faecalis comprises the following components: tryptone 10g, beef extract 10g, yeast powder 5g, K2HPO42g of diammonium citrate, 2g of sodium acetate, 5g of glucose, 801 ml of Tween and MgSO4·7H2O 0.58g、MnSO4·4H2O0.25g and 1000ml of distilled water.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that:
weighing the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials, 15 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 15 parts of poria cocos, 20 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10 parts of liquorice, 15 parts of Chinese yam, 15 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 15 parts of lotus seed, 15 parts of fried coix seed, 10 parts of fructus amomi, 10 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 20 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 20 parts of astragalus membranaceus;
candida utilis: b, bacillus subtilis: the viable bacteria number ratio of the enterococcus faecalis is as follows: 1.5:1.5:1.6
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 in that:
weighing the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials, by weight, 12 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 14 parts of poria cocos, 16 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 8 parts of liquorice, 10 parts of Chinese yam, 12 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 14 parts of lotus seed, 15 parts of fried coix seed, 6 parts of fructus amomi, 7 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 17 parts of hairyvein agrimonia herb and bud and 15 parts of astragalus membranaceus;
candida utilis: b, bacillus subtilis: the viable bacteria number ratio of the enterococcus faecalis is as follows: 1:0.5:0.8
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that:
weighing the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials, namely 14 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10 parts of poria cocos, 18 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5 parts of liquorice, 14 parts of Chinese yam, 10 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 12 parts of lotus seed, 12 parts of fried coix seed, 8 parts of fructus amomi, 6 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 16 parts of astragalus membranaceus;
candida utilis: b, bacillus subtilis: the viable bacteria number ratio of the enterococcus faecalis is as follows: 1.2:0.9:1
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 in that:
weighing the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight, 10 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 12 parts of poria cocos, 20 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 8 parts of liquorice, 12 parts of Chinese yam, 10 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 13 parts of lotus seed, 12 parts of fried coix seed, 5 parts of fructus amomi, 10 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 16 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 20 parts of astragalus membranaceus;
candida utilis: b, bacillus subtilis: the viable bacteria number ratio of the enterococcus faecalis is as follows: 1.4:0.8:1.4
Example 6
The formula is screened according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory and the growth characteristics of calves. In the invention, because the experimental data is more, the formula is adjusted for many times and is tested, and only a plurality of groups of formulas with higher curative effect are listed and compared with the formula of the invention.
Formula 1: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of poria cocos, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 10g of Chinese yam, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum and 15 g of hairyvein agrimony.
And (2) formula: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of tuckahoe, 15 g of fried atractylodes macrocephala, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 10g of yam, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of amomum villosum, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum and 15 g of astragalus membranaceus.
And (3) formula: 10g of tuckahoe, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 10g of yam, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of amomum fruit, 5g of platycodon root, 15 g of agrimony and 15 g of astragalus root.
And (4) formula: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of tuckahoe, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 10g of yam, 10g of stir-fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of stir-fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 g of agrimony and 15 g of astragalus.
And (5) formula: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of tuckahoe, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 g of agrimony and 15 g of astragalus root.
And (6) formula: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of poria cocos, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 10g of Chinese yam, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum and 15 g of hairyvein agrimony. Candida utilis are adopted: the bacillus subtilis is fermented, and the ratio of the number of viable bacteria to the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is as follows: 1:1.
And (3) formula 7: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of poria cocos, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 10g of Chinese yam, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum and 15 g of hairyvein agrimony. Candida utilis are adopted: the enterococcus faecalis is fermented, and the number ratio of viable bacteria of the enterococcus faecalis to the viable bacteria of the enterococcus faecalis is as follows: 1:1.
And (4) formula 8: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of poria cocos, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 10g of Chinese yam, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum and 15 g of hairyvein agrimony. Candida utilis are adopted: b, bacillus subtilis: the enterococcus faecalis is fermented, and the number ratio of viable bacteria of the enterococcus faecalis to the viable bacteria of the enterococcus faecalis is: 1:1:1.
Formula 9: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of tuckahoe, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 g of agrimony and 15 g of astragalus root. Candida utilis are adopted: the bacillus subtilis is fermented, and the ratio of the number of viable bacteria to the number of viable bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is as follows: 1:1.
Formula 10: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of tuckahoe, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 g of agrimony and 15 g of astragalus root. Candida utilis are adopted: the enterococcus faecalis is fermented, and the number ratio of viable bacteria of the enterococcus faecalis to the viable bacteria of the enterococcus faecalis is as follows: 1:1.
Formula 11: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of tuckahoe, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 g of agrimony and 15 g of astragalus root. Candida utilis are adopted: b, bacillus subtilis: the enterococcus faecalis is fermented, and the viable bacteria number ratio of the enterococcus faecalis to the enterococcus faecalis is as follows: 1:1:1.
Formula 12: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of poria cocos, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 10g of Chinese yam, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 g of hairyvein agrimony and 15 g of astragalus membranaceus.
Formula 13: 10g of codonopsis pilosula, 10g of poria cocos, 5g of honey-fried licorice root, 10g of Chinese yam, 15 g of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10g of fried white hyacinth bean, 10g of lotus seed, 10g of fried coix seed, 5g of fructus amomi, 5g of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 g of hairyvein agrimony and 15 g of astragalus membranaceus. Candida utilis are adopted: b, bacillus subtilis: the enterococcus faecalis is fermented, and the viable bacteria number ratio of the enterococcus faecalis to the enterococcus faecalis is as follows: 1:1:1.
Comparative group 1: a certain company produces calf granular materials of the compound vitamin additive.
Comparative group 2: a granular material for calf without any additive is provided.
The experimental method comprises the following steps:
the experimental beef cattle selects 70 Chinese Holstein calves with the weight of 55kg and the age of 30 days, the calves are randomly divided into 12 groups according to the principle of consistent fetal times, same variety and similar weight, the additives in the formula of 1-12 and two groups of comparison groups are respectively used, and 5 calves are respectively used. The test was carried out in a dairy farm. The feeding management is consistent, and the experimental calves are all fed in the island of the calves, are fed freely, are not limited in quantity and drink water freely. The pre-feeding period was 7 days. The colony house was cleaned twice a day. The whole colony house is naturally ventilated and periodically disinfected.
And (3) test period: the pre-feeding period is 7 days, the cattle are numbered, individual weight is weighed by one head per empty stomach before early feeding, and 1.0mg of albendazole per kilogram of body weight is used for expelling insects; the test period was 60 days, and the test group and the control group were weighed before the early feeding by empty stomach and head-to-head weighing.
1. Safety and palatability
According to observation, the test group and the control group have no abnormal reaction such as vomit, poisoning and the like in the whole test period, which shows that the traditional Chinese medicine additive and the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation are safe; the test group has a slightly higher feeding speed than the control group in terms of feeding speed and daily feeding amount, which shows that the palatability of the additive and the microecological agent added with the traditional Chinese medicine is good, and the appetite of calves can be improved.
2. Weight gain effect
The weight gain effect of the tested calves is detailed in table 1. Therefore, in the test of the total daily gain of the test, the formula 13, namely the microecological preparation of the formula of the invention, has the daily gain of 1.81kg/d and obvious difference.
TABLE 1 weight gain of beef cattle tested
As can be seen from Table 1, formula 13, namely the microecological additive fermented by three bacteria and completely prepared by the traditional Chinese medicine of the invention, has obvious improvement on the daily gain of tested calves, can obviously improve the daily gain, and has insignificant effect although the daily gain is improved when any raw material of the invention is lacked or any strain of the invention is lacked.
Example 7
To further illustrate the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine probiotics of the present invention on the growth promotion and diarrhea prevention of calves, animal tests are provided below as an illustration. The following related to the inventive herbal microecologics were prepared according to example 1.
1 test materials and subgroups
Animal experiments are carried out in a certain pasture, 30 healthy calves with similar weights and 3 days of birth are selected and randomly divided into 3 groups, namely a control group, an experiment 1 group and an experiment 2 group, and 10 calves in each group. Feeding colostrum to the control group calf at 0-3 days after birth, feeding separately by adopting a calf island, feeding normal milk at 4-60 days, and starting to lure green hay and concentrated feed in 10 days. And (5) weaning the calves after 60 days, and managing according to a conventional method. And (4) breeding in groups after 3 months to 6 months, gradually increasing concentrated feed according to the age of days, and freely feeding coarse feed. The control group is fed with only milk and supplementary feeding granules, the test 1 group is added with 2% of the crushed substances of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the embodiment 1 and the supplementary feeding granules in the daily ration, and the test 2 group is added with 2% of the traditional Chinese medicine microecologics and the supplementary feeding granules in the daily ration; the addition amount of the supplementary feeding granule is the conventional feeding amount.
2 feeding management
The test period is 180 days, and during the test period, the calves in each group can freely take food, drink water freely and have less feeding and adding; daily management such as sanitary cleaning, immunity prevention, colony house disinfection and the like is carried out in the test process according to the requirements of a pasture; the appetite, the excrement form, the health condition and other external manifestations of the calves are observed and recorded every day, and corresponding measures are taken in time to ensure the smooth progress of the test.
3 measurement items and methods
(1) Growth performance of calves: accurately measuring body weight, body height, body slant length, chest circumference and canal circumference of calves at 0, 35, 60, 90 and 180 days, wherein the growth performance index is measured in the morning of corresponding day.
(2) The frequency of diarrhea onset is as follows: and recording the diarrhea incidence frequency of the test calves of different groups in the test period.
4, statistical analysis: test data are recorded by SPSS13.0 statistical softwareIn, the data is in the form of mean plus or minus standard deviation, the single-factor variance analysis is carried out on each group of data, and the LSD method is adopted for multiple comparison, so as to obtain the dataP<0.05 as the criterion for significance.
5 results and analysis
5.1 Effect of traditional Chinese medicine microecologics on Calf body weight
Table 1 shows the results of weight measurements of calves during the test period. As can be seen from Table 1, the weights of calves in the test 1 group and the test 2 group before 60 days are similar to those of the control group, and the weight of the calves in the test 2 group at 60 days is significantly higher than that of the control group (P< 0.05), the calves in test group 1 and the control group did not differ significantly (P>0.05); the calves in the test groups 2 at the age of 90 days and 180 days have higher body weight than the control group, and the weight gain effect is obvious; wherein, the weight of the calf in the 180-day-old test 2 groups is obviously higher than that of the calf in the control group (P< 0.05), the weights of calves in the test 1 group were slightly higher than those of the control group, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05）。
TABLE 1 Calf body weight measurement results (kg)
| Group of | Birth of a year | Age of 35 days | 60 days old | Age of 90 days | 180 days old |
| Control group | 40.79 ±2.57 | 55.62 ±3.04 | 77.89 ±2.18a | 92.74 ±3.15 | 178.42 ±6.75a |
| Test 1 group | 40.55 ±2.68 | 54.95 ±3.27 | 78.95 ±3.75a | 93.55 ±4.48 | 179.42 ±7.53a |
| Test 2 groups | 40.68 ±2.06 | 56.30 ±2.82 | 83.10 ±1.93 b | 95.32 ±3.26 | 185.78 ±6.14b |
Note that the data in the same column are marked with different lower case letters to indicate significant difference (P < 0.05), and the following table is the same.
5.2 influence of Chinese medicinal microecological preparation on calf body size index
Table 2 shows the results of the measurement of the body size index of calves during the test. As can be seen from Table 2, the calf of different days ages has no significant difference in chest circumference, canal circumference, oblique length and height among the groups before 60 days age ((PGreater than 0.05), the tube circumference variation range of each group of calves is very small; the calf of the test 1 group and the calf of the test 2 group at the age of 90 and 180 days have higher chest circumference, canal circumference, body height and oblique body length than those of the control group, but the difference is not significant (P＞0.05) 。
TABLE 2 Calf body ruler index determination results (cm)
5.3 Effect of the Chinese herbal micro-ecological preparation on Calf diarrhea
Table 3 shows the frequency of diarrhea in calves during the test. As can be seen from Table 3, the diarrhea and soft feces rate of the calves in the control group reaches 16 times during 0-35 days of age, the number of diarrhea and soft feces in the test 1 group is 5 times lower than that in the control group, the number of diarrhea and soft feces in the test 2 group is 9 times lower than that in the control group, the number of diarrhea and soft feces in the calves in the control group at 36-60 days of age is reduced to 9 times, the number of diarrhea and soft feces in the test 1 group is 3 times lower than that in the control group, the number of diarrhea and soft feces in the test 2 group is 5 times lower than that in the control group, the number of diarrhea and soft feces in the test.
TABLE 3 Calf diarrhea frequency (times) during the test period
| Group of | 0-35 days old | 36-60 days old | 61-90 days old | Age 91-180 days old |
| Control group | 16 | 9 | 5 | 6 |
| Test 1 group | 11 | 6 | 3 | 2 |
| Test 2 groups | 7 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
According to the test results, the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation has the positive effect of increasing the weight of calves, is beneficial to the production and development of the calves, and has certain effects of preventing and treating the calf diarrhea.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves is characterized by comprising a traditional Chinese medicine composition and compound microorganisms; the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10-20 parts of poria cocos, 15-25 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5-15 parts of liquorice, 10-20 parts of Chinese yam, 10-20 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 10-20 parts of lotus seed, 10-20 parts of fried coix seed, 5-15 parts of fructus amomi, 5-15 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 15-25 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 15-25 parts of astragalus membranaceus; the compound microorganism comprises candida utilis, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, the number ratio of viable bacteria is 1-1.5: 0.5-1.5: 0.8-1.6, and the total viable bacteria number is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
2. Growth promoting composition for calves according to claim 1And a traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for preventing diarrhea, which is characterized in that the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10-15 parts of poria cocos, 15-20 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5-10 parts of liquorice, 10-15 parts of Chinese yam, 10-15 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 10-15 parts of lotus seed, 10-15 parts of fried coix seed, 5-10 parts of fructus amomi, 5-10 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 15-20 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 15-20 parts of astragalus membranaceus; the compound microorganism comprises candida utilis, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, the number ratio of viable bacteria is 1-1.2: 0.8-1.3: 1-1.4, and the total viable bacteria number is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
3. The traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves according to claim 1, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10 parts of poria cocos, 15-parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5 parts of liquorice, 10 parts of Chinese yam, 10 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 10 parts of lotus seed, 10 parts of fried coix seed, 5 parts of fructus amomi, 5 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 15 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 15 parts of astragalus membranaceus; the composite microorganism comprises Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, the number ratio of viable bacteria is 1:1:1, and the total viable bacteria number is more than or equal to 1 × 1010cfu/g。
4. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively inoculating the preserved candida utilis, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis bacterial liquids into respective liquid culture media in the inoculation amount of 1%, and shaking and culturing at 38 ℃ overnight at the rotating speed of 200 rpm;
(2) weighing the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight, 10-20 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 10-20 parts of poria cocos, 15-25 parts of fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5-15 parts of liquorice, 10-20 parts of Chinese yam, 10-20 parts of fried white hyacinth bean, 10-20 parts of lotus seed, 10-20 parts of fried coix seed, 5-15 parts of fructus amomi, 5-15 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 15-25 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 15-25 parts of astragalus membranaceus, and respectively crushing the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials, sieving the crushed raw materials with a 100-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing the crushed raw materials to;
(3) respectively mixing the solid base material with the Candida utilis culture solution, the Bacillus subtilis culture solution and the enterococcus faecalis culture solution obtained in the step (1) according to the proportion of adding 20mL of culture solution into every 100g of the solid base material, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture of each strain culture solution and the solid base material;
(4) hermetically culturing the mixture obtained in the step (3) at 38 ℃ for more than 24 hours, and determining the number of live bacteria of each strain culture to ensure that the number of live bacteria of each strain culture is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g；
(5) Drying the culture of each strain in the step (4) at 45 ℃ for 48 hours respectively, crushing and subpackaging to prepare preparations of each strain respectively;
(6) and (3) preparing the preparation of each strain obtained in the step (5) according to the viable count of the candida utilis: b, bacillus subtilis: the enterococcus faecalis is mixed and uniformly stirred according to the quantity ratio of 1-1.5: 0.5-1.5: 0.8-1.6 to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation, and the total viable bacteria number of the traditional Chinese medicine microecological preparation is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 1010cfu/g。
5. The method for preparing a Chinese herbal microecological preparation for promoting growth and preventing diarrhea of calves according to claim 4, wherein the liquid culture medium of Candida utilis of step (1) comprises the following components: 2% of glucose, 0.5% of yeast extract, 1.0% of peptone and 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the liquid culture solution of the bacillus subtilis comprises the following components: 10g of tryptone, 3g of beef extract, 5g of sodium chloride and 1000ml of distilled water, wherein the pH value is 7.4; the liquid culture medium of the enterococcus faecalis comprises the following components: tryptone 10g, beef extract 10g, yeast powder 5g, K2HPO42g of diammonium citrate, 2g of sodium acetate, 5g of glucose, 801 ml of Tween and MgSO4•7H2O 0.58g、MnSO4•4H20.25g of O and 1000ml of distilled water.
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