CN112408966A - 一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料及陶瓷制作方法 - Google Patents

一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料及陶瓷制作方法 Download PDF

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CN112408966A
CN112408966A CN202011337401.8A CN202011337401A CN112408966A CN 112408966 A CN112408966 A CN 112408966A CN 202011337401 A CN202011337401 A CN 202011337401A CN 112408966 A CN112408966 A CN 112408966A
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肖笑
刘建新
吴黎彬
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Jiangxi Jingshang Industrial Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及陶瓷材料技术领域，具体涉及一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料及陶瓷制作方法；胚料的组分为透锂长石30～40wt%、富硒矿10～25%、苏州土10～20wt%、贵州土10～20wt%、堇青石6～12wt%、煅烧滑石2～5wt%、黑泥5～12wt%，氧化锆1～3wt%，氧化镧0～1wt%，坯料各原料组成经球磨混合后，进行压滤脱水、真空练泥、成型、干燥，即得到坯体泥料，经滚压或注浆成型、干燥、修坯补水，采用氧化焰慢烧工艺进行，即获得高性能富硒陶瓷产品；本发明抗热震性能好、能够适用于明火烧或与电器配套的高性能富硒陶瓷产品，通过配方体系的设计，并形成低膨胀陶瓷材料，从而很好地满足富硒陶瓷产品如作为炊具的使用要求，有利于促进富硒陶瓷产业的技术进步和应用发展。

Description

一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料及陶瓷制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷材料技术领域，具体涉及一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料及陶瓷制作方法。
背景技术
硒被科学家称之为人体微量元素中的“抗癌之王”。
1、硒能增强人体免疫功能，免疫动能是衡量身体健康与否的重要指标，要是身体的免疫功能下降，人就会经常生病，影响我们的身体健康。
2、抗衰老，硒是迄今为止发现的重要的抗衰老元素。
3、硒对视觉器官的功能是极为重要的。硒能催化并消除对眼睛有害的自由基物质，从而保护眼睛的细胞膜。
4、心脏的守护神，硒是维持心脏正常功能的重要元素，对心脏肌体有保护和修复的作用。
5、肝病的天敌，硒可以使肝炎病人的病情好转，使肝炎病人发生癌症的比例大大降低。微量元素中的胰岛素，它能防止胰岛β细胞氧化破坏，使其功能正常，促进糖份代谢、降低血糖和尿糖。
我国有些土壤中含有硒、铁、钙等微量元素，可以将这些富硒土引入到陶瓷烹调炊具中，具有养生保健功能，是难得珍贵的天然养生器皿。有些富硒地区也有专家在开发富硒土在陶瓷中的应用，目前，主要研究应用盛水的陶器，其膨胀系数大部分在α（800～20℃）＝5×10-6/℃左右，抗热震性能180℃-20℃水急冷一次不裂，不能用来烧水或烹调食品，阻碍了富硒陶瓷的使用范围，随着人们消费质量的升级，与电器配套的陶瓷炊具需求也随之进一步增大，所以急需开发出一种适用范围更广的富硒陶瓷产品。高性能的富硒陶瓷产品要求其必须具有很低的热膨胀系数，这样才能满足对其抗急冷急热冲击性能的要求。但是，现在市场上能够满足明火烧或和电器配套使用的富硒陶瓷产品寥寥无几。为此，很多企业也提出了不同的解决方案，如提高高铝矿物的加入量，提高其强度，以抵抗炸裂问题。但是其生产出的富硒陶瓷膨胀系数仍然比较大，其抗热震性能难以满足使用要求。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明公开了一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料及陶瓷制作方法，旨在提供一种抗热震性能好、能够适用于明火烧或与电器配套的高性能富硒陶瓷产品，通过配方体系的设计，并形成低膨胀陶瓷材料，从而很好地满足富硒陶瓷产品如作为炊具的使用要求，以利于促进富硒陶瓷产业的技术进步和应用发展。
本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现：
第一方面，本发明公开一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料，其特征在于，所述胚料的组分为透锂长石30～40wt%、富硒矿10～25%、苏州土10～20wt%、贵州土10～20wt%、堇青石6～12wt%、煅烧滑石2～5wt%、黑泥5～12wt%，氧化锆1～3wt%，氧化镧0～1wt%，其细度为180目筛余为1.3～1.5%。
更进一步的，所述富硒矿化学组成为（wt%）：SiO260.9～61.8、Al2O315.2～16.3、CaO3.9～4.6、MgO2.2～3.4、Fe2O38.9～9.8、K2O2.8～3.3、Na2O0.4～0.6、Se0.02～0.06、烧失量3.1～4.8。
第二方面，本发明公开一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷制作方法，所述陶瓷制作时使用第一方面的高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
S1将高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料各原料组成经球磨混合；
S2对混合后的胚料依次进行压滤脱水、真空练泥、成型和干燥处理后得到坯体泥料；
S3对坯体泥料依次进行滚压或注浆成型、干燥和修坯补水；
S4对处理后的坯体泥料采用氧化焰慢烧工艺煅烧得到陶瓷。
更进一步的，所述氧化焰慢烧工艺是从室温氧化气氛经10～12.5h慢烧至1230～1250℃，即获得高性能富硒陶瓷。
更进一步的，所述制作方法得到的陶瓷用作炊具或电器配套制作。
本发明的有益效果为：
(1) 本发明高性能富硒陶瓷产品其膨胀系数低，达到α（800～20℃）＝2.5×10-6/℃左右，提高了富硒陶瓷产品的抗热震性能。
(2) 本发明坯料在氧化焰烧成过程中，坯体中形成大量的低膨胀透锂长石晶体，晶相充分均匀，坯体孔隙率适中、微孔孔径大小分布均匀，从而进一步提高了富硒陶瓷产品的抗热震性能。
(3) 本发明高性能富硒陶瓷产品，材料成本低且成型性能好，不仅具有养生功能，而且各项性能有了显著的提高，抗折强度为58～68MPa，抗热震性能达到了新标准QB/T2579-2018中规定的300～20℃一次急冷不裂。
（4）本发明高性能富硒陶瓷产品，不仅打开了水分子簇，把大分子簇变成小分子簇，使人更易吸收，而且改变了饮用水的pH值，使水变成了弱碱性，pH值为7.04～7.26。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例公开一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料，其特征在于，所述胚料的组分为透锂长石30～40wt%、富硒矿10～25%、苏州土10～20wt%、贵州土10～20wt%、堇青石6～12wt%、煅烧滑石2～5wt%、黑泥5～12wt%，氧化锆1～3wt%，氧化镧0～1wt%，其细度为180目筛余为1.3～1.5%。
富硒矿化学组成为（wt%）：SiO260.9～61.8、Al2O315.2～16.3、CaO3.9～4.6、MgO2.2～3.4、Fe2O38.9～9.8、K2O2.8～3.3、Na2O0.4～0.6、Se0.02～0.06、烧失量3.1～4.8。
其原料组成如表1所示
表1 本发明实施例高性能富硒陶瓷产品的原料组成
Figure 156593DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
本实施例的陶瓷坯料，不仅打开了水分子簇，把大分子簇变成小分子簇，使人更易吸收，而且改变了饮用水的pH值，使水变成了弱碱性，pH值为7.04～7.26。
实施例2
本实施例公开一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷制作方法，所述陶瓷制作时使用上述实施例的高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料，所述方法包括以下步骤：
S1将高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料各原料组成经球磨混合；
S2对混合后的胚料依次进行压滤脱水、真空练泥、成型和干燥处理后得到坯体泥料；
S3对坯体泥料依次进行滚压或注浆成型、干燥和修坯补水；
S4对处理后的坯体泥料采用氧化焰慢烧工艺煅烧得到陶瓷。
所述氧化焰慢烧工艺是从室温氧化气氛经10～12.5h慢烧至1230～1250℃，即获得高性能富硒陶瓷。所述制作方法得到的陶瓷用作炊具制作。
其工艺参数如表2所示。
表2 本发明实施例高性能富硒陶瓷产品烧成的工艺参数
Figure 166006DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
注：球磨细度为180目筛余
本实施例的高性能富硒陶瓷产品其膨胀系数低，达到α（800～20℃）＝2.5×10-6/℃左右，提高了富硒陶瓷产品的抗热震性能。
坯料在氧化焰烧成过程中，坯体中形成大量的低膨胀透锂长石晶体，晶相充分均匀，坯体孔隙率适中、微孔孔径大小分布均匀，从而进一步提高了富硒陶瓷产品的抗热震性能。
本实施例高性能富硒陶瓷产品，材料成本低且成型性能好，不仅具有养生功能，而且各项性能有了显著的提高，抗折强度为58～68MPa，抗热震性能达到了新标准QB/T2579-2018中规定的300～20℃一次急冷不裂。
实施例3
本实施例对陶瓷产品性能进行分析，对抗折强度检测采用万能材料试验机。对抗热震性能检测采用国家标准QB/T2579-2018，即将富硒陶瓷产品放在煤气炉上加热至底部温度为350℃时，瞬间将体积为产品容积1/10、20℃的冷水倒入产品中，急冷一次不裂为合格。对pH值测试采用pH值测试笔。
本发明实施例高性能富硒陶瓷产品的性能指标如表3所示。
表3 本发明实施例高性能富硒陶瓷产品的性能指标
Figure 433039DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
综上本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1) 本发明高性能富硒陶瓷产品其膨胀系数低，达到α（800～20℃）＝2.5×10-6/℃左右，提高了富硒陶瓷产品的抗热震性能。
(2) 本发明坯料在氧化焰烧成过程中，坯体中形成大量的低膨胀透锂长石晶体，晶相充分均匀，坯体孔隙率适中、微孔孔径大小分布均匀，从而进一步提高了富硒陶瓷产品的抗热震性能。
(3) 本发明高性能富硒陶瓷产品，材料成本低且成型性能好，不仅具有养生功能，而且各项性能有了显著的提高，抗折强度为58～68MPa，抗热震性能达到了新标准QB/T2579-2018中规定的300～20℃一次急冷不裂。
（4）本发明高性能富硒陶瓷产品，不仅打开了水分子簇，把大分子簇变成小分子簇，使人更易吸收，而且改变了饮用水的pH值，使水变成了弱碱性，pH值为7.04～7.26。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料，其特征在于，所述胚料的组分为透锂长石30～40wt%、富硒矿10～25%、苏州土10～20wt%、贵州土10～20wt%、堇青石6～12wt%、煅烧滑石2～5wt%、黑泥5～12wt%，氧化锆1～3wt%，氧化镧0～1wt%，其细度为180目筛余为1.3～1.5%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料，其特征在于，所述富硒矿化学组成为（wt%）：SiO260.9～61.8、Al2O315.2～16.3、CaO3.9～4.6、MgO2.2～3.4、Fe2O38.9～9.8、K2O2.8～3.3、Na2O0.4～0.6、Se0.02～0.06、烧失量3.1～4.8。
3.一种高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷制作方法，所述陶瓷制作时使用如权利要求1或2所述任一项的高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
S1将高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷坯料各原料组成经球磨混合；
S2对混合后的胚料依次进行压滤脱水、真空练泥、成型和干燥处理后得到坯体泥料；
S3对坯体泥料依次进行滚压或注浆成型、干燥和修坯补水；
S4对处理后的坯体泥料采用氧化焰慢烧工艺煅烧得到陶瓷。
4.根据权利要求3所述的高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷制作方法，其特征在于，所述氧化焰慢烧工艺是从室温氧化气氛经10～12.5h慢烧至1230～1250℃，即获得高性能富硒陶瓷。
5.根据权利要求3所述的高性能富硒低膨胀陶瓷制作方法，其特征在于，所述制作方法得到的陶瓷用作炊具或电器配套制作。
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