CN112379106B - Fmr1蛋白在肾功能不全或肾衰竭诊断中的应用 - Google Patents

Fmr1蛋白在肾功能不全或肾衰竭诊断中的应用 Download PDF

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CN112379106B
CN112379106B CN202011246141.3A CN202011246141A CN112379106B CN 112379106 B CN112379106 B CN 112379106B CN 202011246141 A CN202011246141 A CN 202011246141A CN 112379106 B CN112379106 B CN 112379106B
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李怡
唐韵
李贵森
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Sichuan Provincial Peoples Hospital
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Abstract

本发明公开了FMR1蛋白在肾功能不全或肾衰竭诊断中的应用,涉及肾脏疾病诊断技术领域。本发明公开了检测FMR1蛋白水平的试剂在制备用于具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的诊断或辅助诊断的试剂盒中的应用。本发明发现FMR1蛋白可以作为具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏相关疾病的标志物,FMR1蛋白以及检测试剂可以用于肾脏相关疾病的诊断、早期诊断或辅助诊断等。

Description

FMR1蛋白在肾功能不全或肾衰竭诊断中的应用
技术领域
本发明涉及肾脏疾病诊断技术领域,具体而言,涉及FMR1蛋白在肾功能不全或肾衰竭诊断中的应用。
背景技术
急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)极易进展为慢性肾脏病(chronickidney diseases,CKD)及终末期肾病(end stage renal diseases,ESRD),死亡率高达50%。近年来该病发病率和病死率不断提高,给家庭和社会造成巨大伤害。肾脏缺血再灌注损伤(renal ischemia reperfusion injury,肾IRI)是导致AKI的重要原因,也是肾移植术后影响移植肾早期功能恢复及长期存活的主要因素之一。肾脏由于其组织结构和功能的特殊性,是对缺血再灌注损伤敏感的器官之一。尽管肾IRI是AKI病人致病致死的重要诱因,但其具体致病机理尚不清楚,缺乏有效的药物治疗。故研究肾IRI的发病机制及寻找其可能的干预措施具有重要的临床意义。目前,对于肾IRI发病机制的研究多聚焦于再灌注损伤后的效应阶段,而对启动机制研究尚少,因此,深入探讨肾IRI发病的始动机制,寻求新的早期治疗干预靶点和标志物是研究肾IRI亟待解决的问题,也是早期治疗AKI延缓CKD发生发展的前提和关键所在。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供FMR1蛋白在肾功能不全或肾衰竭诊断中的应用。
本发明是这样实现的:
第一方面,本发明提供检测FMR1蛋白水平的试剂在制备用于具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的诊断或辅助诊断的试剂盒中的应用。
肾IRI的病理特征主要表现为肾小管上皮细胞损伤和死亡。肾小管上皮细胞面对缺血再灌注损伤过程中的生理病理机制一直是研究热点。近年来,肾IRI中小管上皮细胞损伤和死亡的研究取得了重大进展,调节性细胞坏死和凋亡尤其是氧化应激导致的细胞凋亡造成了IRI中肾小管上皮细胞的损伤和死亡。细胞凋亡是缺氧诱导肾小管上皮细胞死亡的主要机制。肾IRI早期氧化应激诱导的肾小管上皮细胞的损伤主要以凋亡为主。肾IRI早期过程中,肾小管上皮细胞凋亡与肾小管上皮细胞损伤、小鼠肾功能丧失和肾组织损害密切相关。肾IRI中受伤的肾脏分泌到循环中的因子还会进一步诱导心、肺、肝脏和大脑中细胞凋亡和炎症的发生,进一步导致了AKI的高发病率和死亡率。因此,抑制肾小管上皮细胞凋亡是防止AKI的关键环节。但目前尚未找到一种确实有效的特异性方法来抗肾小管上皮细胞凋亡。
为寻找抑制IRI早期肾小管上皮细胞凋亡的关键靶点并进一步阐释其机制,本发明的发明人在研究动物实验中出人意料地发现FMR1(Fragile X Mental Retardation 1,脆性X综合征智力低下基因1)相对于正常对照组,在肾IRI的小鼠尿液中显著降低(图1)。进一步通过人血清学的ELISA检测发现,相对于正常对照组、微小病变组和非感染非AKI组患者,AKI患者血清中FMR1的水平显著降低(图2)。ROC曲线显示血清FMR1的敏感度和特异性均较好(图3)。进一步的Pearson相关性分析发现,人血清中FMR1的水平与血清肌酐值呈显著相关(相关系数是-0.251,p<0.01),人血清中FMR1的水平与肾小球滤过率(eGFR)呈显著相关(相关系数是-0.471,p<0.01),提示其对肾功能不全症状的肾脏相关疾病(例如肾衰竭)的具有诊断意义(表1)。
基于此,本发明提出,FMR1蛋白可以作为肾功能不全症状的肾脏相关疾病的标志物,用于此类疾病的诊断、早期诊断或辅助诊断等。
相应地,检测FMR1蛋白水平的试剂也可以制备用于具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的诊断或辅助诊断的试剂盒,本发明为检测FMR1蛋白水平的试剂提供了一种新的用途。
在可选的实施方式中,检测FMR1蛋白水平是指检测待诊断患者血清中的FMR1蛋白的含量。
在可选的实施方式中,所述试剂包括抗FMR1蛋白的抗体。
基于本领域的常规技术,本领域技术人员容易想到通过抗原-抗体免疫反应实现对FMR1蛋白的检测,例如通过抗FMR1蛋白的抗体来实现对FMR1蛋白的检测。在FMR1蛋白已知的基础上,本领域技术人员容易获得抗FMR1蛋白的抗体,任何抗FMR1蛋白的抗体都可以实现对FMR1蛋白的检测。基于此,无论具有何种结构或序列的抗FMR1蛋白的抗体,只要将其用于检测FMR1蛋白,制备成具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的诊断或辅助诊断等的试剂盒,即属于本发明的保护范围。
在可选的实施方式中,FMR1蛋白的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示或其具有至少95%以上的同源性。
FMR1蛋白的氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO.1):
MEELVVEVRGSNGAFYKAFVKDVHEDSITVAFENNWQPDRQIPFHDVRFPPPVGYNKDINESDEVEVYSRANEKEPCCWWLAKVRMIKGEFYVIEYAACDATYNEIVTIERLRSVNPNKPATKDTFHKIKLDVPEDLRQMCAKEAAHKDFKKAVGAFSVTYDPENYQLVILSINEVTSKRAHMLIDMHFRSLRTKLSLIMRNEEASKQLESSRQLASRFHEQFIVREDLMGLAIGTHGANIQQARKVPGVTAIDLDEDTCTFHIYGEDQDAVKKARSFLEFAEDVIQVPRNLVGKVIGKNGKLIQEIVDKSGVVRVRIEAENEKNVPQEEEIMPPNSLPSNNSRVGPNAPEEKKHLDIKENSTHFSQPNSTKVQRVLVASSVVAGESQKPELKAWQGMVPFVFVGTKDSIANATVLLDYHLNYLKEVDQLRLERLQIDEQLRQIGASSRPPPNRTDKEKSYVTDDGQGMGRGSRPYRNRGHGRRGPGYTSGTNSEASNASETESDHRDELSDWSLAPTEEERESFLRRGDGRRRGGGGRGQGGRGRGGGFKGNDDHSRTDNRPRNPREAKGRTTDGSLQIRVDCNNERSVHTKTLQNTSSEGSRLRTGKDRNQKKEKPDSVDGQQPLVNGVP。
来源于不同的个体以及不同的物种,FMR1蛋白具有一定的序列差异性,但其本质上都属于同源蛋白,都可以作为具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的标志物,因此,本发明的FMR1蛋白可以是SEQ ID NO.1所示的蛋白,也可以是与SEQ ID NO.1具有至少95%、96%、97%、98%、99%的同源性的蛋白;通过检测同源性蛋白,也可以实现具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的诊断或辅助诊断的目的。
在可选的实施方式中,所述试剂基于ELISA或免疫胶体金技术实现FMR1蛋白含量的检测。
通过抗原-抗体免疫实现FMR1蛋白检测的技术包括但不限于ELISA或免疫胶体金,采用其他类似的实现对FMR1蛋白的检测也是属于本发明的保护范围。
在可选的实施方式中,所述具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病为肾衰竭。
本发明所指的具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病包括但不限于肾衰竭,也可以是其他具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病。
在可选的实施方式中,所述肾衰竭为AKI。
另一方面,本发明提供FMR1蛋白作为标准品在制备用于具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的诊断或辅助诊断的试剂盒中的应用。
在可选的实施方式中,所述具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病为肾衰竭;
在可选的实施方式中,所述肾衰竭为AKI。
另一方面,本发明提供一种用于具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的诊断或辅助诊断的试剂盒,其包括用于检测FMR1蛋白水平的试剂。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为动物实验中发现FMR1在肾IRI的小鼠尿液中显著降低。Control:正常对照小鼠;45mins单:单侧肾夹闭45mins;45mins双:双侧肾夹闭45mins;4h单:单侧肾夹闭4h。
图2人血清学的ELISA检测发现,相对于正常对照组、微小病变组和非感染非AKI组患者,AKI患者血清中FMR1的水平显著降低;人血清:LZH正常54例,微小病变8例,LZH非感染非AKI 16例,LZH AKI 80例。
图3基于图2人血清学的ELISA检测结果的人血清FMR1的ROC曲线分析。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
以下结合实施例对本发明的特征和性能作进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
小鼠肾IRI模型建立:C57小鼠经麻醉后,分离左肾肾蒂,用无损伤显微血管夹夹住左肾动静脉,阻断左肾血流,置于32摄氏度温箱中,左侧肾脏热缺血不同时间(45min和240min),然后松开左肾血管夹,恢复左肾血液灌注,在肾脏恢复血流灌注后24h处死小鼠,收集小鼠血清样品。对于双侧夹闭小鼠则分离双肾各自的肾蒂,用无损伤显微血管夹夹住双肾动静脉,阻断双肾血流,置于32摄氏度温箱中,双肾脏热缺血不同时间(45min和240min),然后松开双肾血管夹,恢复双肾血液灌注,在肾脏恢复血流灌注后24h处死小鼠,收集小鼠血清样品。
采用ELISA试剂盒(#ZC-54587,茁彩生物,中国上海)检测小鼠血清中FMR1(蛋白氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO.1)的含量,分为五组,正常对照组6例平均含量是0.72±0.16ng/ml,而IRI 45min单侧肾夹闭组8例平均含量是0.68±0.59ng/ml,IRI 45min双侧夹肾闭组8例平均含量是0.85±0.41ng/ml,IRI 4h单侧肾夹闭组7例平均含量是0.96±0.48ng/ml,IRI4h双侧肾夹闭组5例平均含量是0.06±0.02ng/ml。其中IRI 45min双侧肾夹闭组与IRI 4h双侧肾夹闭组间p值是0.019有统计学意义,IRI 4h单侧肾夹闭组与IRI 4h双侧肾夹闭组间p值是0.008有统计学意义(图1)。统计方法是单因素方差分析tamhane检验齐性。
上述结果预示,FMR1具有作为AKI诊断标志物的潜力。
实施例2
FMR1在肾功能不全或肾损伤诊断中的具体应用
AKI组:入院后发生AKI的患者,纳入AKI组。
入组标准:有关AKI定义及分期均按照2012年改善全球肾脏病预后组织(KDIGO)指南上推荐的标准来定义。具体诊断标准如下(满足任意一条):①48小时内血肌酐(Scr)增加≥0.3mg/dL(≥26.5μmol/L);②Scr增加≥1.5倍基线值,这个基线值是已知或假定为发生在之前7天之内的;③尿量<0.5ml/kg/h达6小时。
AKI分期标准:
I期的定义:Scr升高至基础值的1.5-1.9倍或增加≥0.3mg/dL(≥26.5μmol/L),尿量<0.5ml/kg/h达6小时。
II期的定义:Scr升高至基础值的2-2.9倍,尿量<0.5ml/kg/h达12小时。
III期的定义:Scr升高至基础值的3倍或增加≥4mg/dL(≥353.6μmol/L)或开始行肾脏替代治疗或<18岁的患者eGFR降至35ml.min.173m-2,尿量<0.3ml/kg/h达24小时或无尿。
非AKI组:选取同时期内重症未合并AKI患者。
正常对照组:同时期内体检中心的健康志愿者,入住标准:血常规、肝肾功、尿常规正常,排除肾脏疾病患者。
慢性肾脏组:选择本中心慢性肾脏病II期且Scr≥100μmol/L的患者作为慢性肾脏病对照组。
对象及方法入选2016年11月-2017年11月期间在四川省人民医院住院的重症患者,收集入院后24小时内血清标本,分为AKI组和非AKI组。其中AKI组患者,血清共80例;正常对照组患者,血清共54例;微小病变(慢性肾脏病)组患者,血清共8例;入住ICU的非感染非AKI患者血清共16例。
ELISA(#ZC-54619,茁彩生物,中国上海)检测人血清中FMR1的含量,分为四组,正常对照组54例平均含量是404.3±200.8pg/ml,而AKI组80例平均含量是281.0±158.9pg/ml,ICU中非感染非AKI患者16例平均含量是687.1±257.7pg/ml,微小病变型肾病组8例平均含量是435.0±119.8pg/ml。其中非感染非AKI组与AKI组间p值小于0.001有统计学意义,正常对照组与AKI组间p值小于0.0012有统计学意义(见图2)。统计方法是单因素方差分析tamhane检验齐性。人血清FMR1ELISA试剂盒(#ZC-54619,茁彩生物,中国上海)购于茁彩生物。
基于实施例的实验可以看出,当待测主体的血清中FMR1含量低于阈值292.62pg/ml时,预示待测主体患肾功能不全或肾损伤的风险较高。
实施例3
基于实施例2和图2人血清学的ELISA检测结果绘制人血清FMR1的ROC曲线,人血清FMR1的AUC值是0.738,提示血清FMR1的敏感度和特异性均较好(见图3)。
实施例4
肌酐是肌肉在人体内代谢的产物,当肾实质受损肾小球滤过率下降到正常人的1/2~1/3的时候,血肌酐的浓度才会明显上升,因此血肌酐浓度可以作为肾小球滤过率受损的指标,但是并非早期指标。Pearson相关性分析结果见表1,人血清中FMR1的水平与血清肌酐(Scr)值呈显著负相关(相关系数是-0.251,p<0.01),人血清中FMR1的水平与肾小球滤过率(eGFR)呈显著正相关(相关系数是0.471,p<0.01),提示血清FMR1的水平降低可预测诊断肾功能不全或肾衰竭。
表1 相关性分析结果
Figure BDA0002770093530000061
Figure BDA0002770093530000071
以上结果充分说明,FMR1蛋白可以作为肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病例如肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病为肾衰竭(如AKI)的诊断或辅助诊断的标志物;相应地,检测FMR1蛋白水平的试剂(例如抗FMR1蛋白的抗体)可用于制备具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的诊断或辅助诊断的试剂盒。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
序列表
<110> 四川省人民医院
<120> FMR1蛋白在肾功能不全或肾衰竭诊断中的应用
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Claims (6)

1.检测FMR1蛋白水平的试剂在制备用于具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的诊断或辅助诊断的试剂盒中的应用,所述肾脏疾病为AKI。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,检测FMR1蛋白水平是指检测待诊断患者血清中的FMR1蛋白的含量。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述试剂包括抗FMR1蛋白的抗体。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,FMR1蛋白的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述试剂基于ELISA或免疫胶体金技术实现FMR1蛋白含量的检测。
6.FMR1蛋白作为标准品在制备用于具有肾功能不全症状的肾脏疾病的诊断或辅助诊断的试剂盒中的应用,所述肾脏疾病为AKI。
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