CN112375721A - Preparation method and application of composite microbial inoculum for low-temperature treatment of rural domestic sewage - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of composite microbial inoculum for low-temperature treatment of rural domestic sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN112375721A CN112375721A CN202110000246.9A CN202110000246A CN112375721A CN 112375721 A CN112375721 A CN 112375721A CN 202110000246 A CN202110000246 A CN 202110000246A CN 112375721 A CN112375721 A CN 112375721A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/341—Consortia of bacteria
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a composite microbial inoculum for low-temperature treatment of rural domestic sewage, belonging to the technical field of biological sewage treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a compound microbial inoculum for low-temperature treatment of rural domestic sewage.
Background
Along with the economic development of the rural areas, the quality of life of the rural areas is greatly improved, and meanwhile, a plurality of environmental problems also occur in the rural areas, wherein the most prominent problem is rural water body pollution. The data show that the domestic sewage generated in rural areas of China is about more than 80 hundred million tons per year, which accounts for more than 50% of the national sewage pollutant discharge amount, however, 96% of rural areas have no effective sewage treatment measures, and the sewage is discharged randomly, so that the serious pollution of surface water and underground water is caused, the living environment of rural areas is destroyed, and the health of rural residents is threatened. Therefore, the treatment of rural domestic sewage is not delayed at all.
China is vast in breadth, rural areas in the south and north have large differences in geographic conditions and economic development levels, adopted sewage treatment modes are different, and the core method mainly treats sewage by using microorganisms. However, in rural areas in the north, particularly in high latitude areas such as northeast, due to the fact that the sewage treatment microorganisms are long in winter and low in temperature, the activity of the sewage treatment microorganisms is seriously reduced, the sewage treatment in winter cannot reach the standard, the use of sewage treatment facilities is limited, and the effect of rural sewage treatment is further influenced. Although the problem of up-to-standard sewage treatment in winter can be solved by adopting a heating and heat preservation mode, the problems of high heating energy consumption, complex equipment, high sewage treatment cost and the like are brought along with the heating and heat preservation mode, and the popularization of sewage treatment in rural areas is not facilitated for northern rural areas with underdeveloped economy. In addition, most rural families in the north have larger courtyard areas, treated effluent is used as irrigation water or reclaimed water for reuse, the acceptance of rural residents in sewage treatment can be further improved, the difficulty and the cost of sewage treatment are reduced, the resource utilization of sewage is realized, and the improvement of the level of ecological civilization construction in rural areas in China is facilitated.
In conclusion, the breeding of the low-temperature sludge or low-temperature microorganisms capable of effectively treating sewage at low temperature provides the most advantageous solution for the low-cost and high-efficiency treatment of the domestic sewage in rural areas in the north in winter. Compared with low-temperature sludge, the low-temperature microorganisms are easier to realize enlarged culture and quality control, and the microorganisms with low-temperature sewage treatment capacity are reasonably compatible to prepare a microbial inoculum in a dry state, so that the treatment effect of low-temperature sewage can be effectively promoted, and the microbial inoculum has more advantages in use, preservation and transportation. Therefore, the research on the low-temperature-resistant bactericide which can effectively improve the sewage treatment effect at low temperature and realize the high-efficiency, energy-saving and low-cost treatment of the low-temperature rural domestic sewage and the application method has important significance in the treatment of the rural domestic sewage in northern China.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the composite microbial inoculum comprises a mixed bacterium, a promotion protective agent and a carrier, wherein the mixed bacterium and the promotion protective agent are attached to the carrier, the mixed bacterium comprises pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens, and the mass ratio of the pseudomonas to the klebsiella oxytoca to the serratia liquefaciens is (5-10): (5-10): (1-2): (1-2), the promoting protective agent comprises ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, nickel chloride and sodium alginate, the promoting protective agent is dissolved in water to form a promoting protective agent solution, the mass percentage concentrations of the ferric chloride, the cobalt chloride, the nickel chloride and the sodium alginate are respectively 0.001-0.005%, 0.05-0.2%, the carrier is diatomite, and the mesh number of the diatomite is 100-800 meshes.
Preferably, the effective viable count of the composite microbial inoculum is 5 multiplied by 108~5×109 CFU/g。
Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively culturing pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens by adopting an enrichment culture medium to obtain culture solutions;
(2) carrying out centrifugal separation on the obtained culture solution to obtain precipitated wet bacterial sludge, and mixing different wet bacterial sludge in proportion to obtain mixed wet bacterial sludge;
(3) mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge, diatomite and a promoting protective agent solution in proportion to obtain a wet bacterial agent;
(4) and (3) air-drying or shade-drying the wet microbial inoculum, and grinding the dried massive microbial inoculum to obtain the powdery composite microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the enrichment medium in the step (1) comprises 5-20 g/L of glucose, 1-10 g/L of peptone, 1-5 g/L of beef extract, 1-5 g/L of yeast extract, 1-5 g/L of sodium chloride, 1-5 g/L of ammonium acetate, 0.2-0.5 g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2 g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.2 g/L of calcium chloride and 0.01-0.02 g/L, L-0.5 g/L of ferrous sulfate, and the components are dissolved in water to prepare the enrichment medium which is used for culturing pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytetracycline, rahneri bacteria and serratia liquefaciens after sterilization, wherein the culture temperature is 15-25 ℃.
Preferably, the number of bacteria in the culture solution in the step (2) reaches 109The culture medium is used for centrifugal separation to harvest thalli when the CFU/ml is higher than the CFU/ml, and the rotating speed adopted during centrifugation is 4000-8000 rpm.
Preferably, the mixed wet microbial inoculum in the step (3) is prepared by uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the promoting protective agent solution, and then uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the diatomite to obtain the wet microbial inoculum, wherein the mass ratio of the mixed wet bacterial sludge to the diatomite to the promoting protective agent solution is (1-5): (1-5): (5-15).
Preferably, the composite microbial inoculum in the step (4) is dried in the air or in the shade at 15-30 ℃, and the water content of the microbial inoculum is less than 15%.
Preferably, when rural domestic sewage is treated, the compound microbial inoculum is directly added into a biochemical reaction tank at the temperature of 8-15 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the composite microbial inoculum obtained by the invention has good activity at low temperature, can be directly added into a biochemical reaction tank of a rural domestic sewage treatment device at the temperature of 8-15 ℃, statically treats rural domestic sewage at the temperature of about 10 ℃, has a COD removal rate of over 75 percent, can effectively improve the sewage treatment effect, greatly reduces the energy consumption required by sewage treatment and heating in winter, and reduces the sewage treatment cost.
(2) The obtained composite microbial inoculum achieves the purpose of treating domestic sewage by utilizing complementary and synergistic effects of different bacteria in the process of degrading organic matters, can well deal with pollutants in rural domestic sewage, can be added into non-low-temperature domesticated sludge to treat the rural domestic sewage by using the composite microbial inoculum as a biological strengthening means, can improve the treatment effect of the sludge at a low temperature, and can ensure that the COD of the treated sewage can reach the water quality standard of farmland irrigation (GB 5084-2005).
Detailed Description
The present design will be described in detail below. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A preparation method and application of a composite microbial inoculum for low-temperature treatment of rural domestic sewage are disclosed, wherein the composite microbial inoculum comprises a mixed bacterium, a promotion protective agent and an adsorption carrier, the mixed bacterium and the promotion protective agent are attached to the carrier, the mixed bacterium comprises pseudomonas, klebsiella terrestris, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens, and the mass ratio of the pseudomonas to the klebsiella terrestris to the serratia liquefaciens is (5-10): (5-10): (1-2): (1-2), the promoting protective agent comprises ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, nickel chloride and sodium alginate, wherein the promoting protective agent is dissolved in water to form a promoting protective agent solution, the mass percentage concentrations of the ferric chloride, the cobalt chloride, the nickel chloride and the sodium alginate are respectively 0.001-0.005%, 0.05-0.2%, the carrier is diatomite, and the mesh number of the diatomite is 100-800 meshes.
Wherein the effective viable count of the composite microbial inoculum is 5 multiplied by 108~5×109 CFU/g。
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively culturing pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens by adopting an enrichment culture medium to obtain culture solutions;
(2) carrying out centrifugal separation on the obtained culture solution to obtain precipitated wet bacterial sludge, and mixing different wet bacterial sludge in proportion to obtain mixed wet bacterial sludge;
(3) mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge, diatomite and a promoting protective agent solution in proportion to obtain a wet bacterial agent;
(4) and (3) air-drying or shade-drying the wet microbial inoculum, and grinding the dried massive microbial inoculum to obtain the powdery composite microbial inoculum.
Wherein the enrichment medium in the step (1) comprises 5-20 g/L of glucose, 1-10 g/L of peptone, 1-5 g/L of beef extract, 1-5 g/L of yeast extract, 1-5 g/L of sodium chloride, 1-5 g/L of ammonium acetate, 0.2-0.5 g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2 g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.2 g/L of calcium chloride, 0.01-0.02 g/L, L-0.2-0.5 g/L of ferrous sulfate, the components are dissolved in water to prepare the enrichment medium, and the enrichment medium is used for culturing pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytetracycline, rahnella and serrata liquefaction after sterilization, and the culture temperature is 15-25 ℃.
Wherein, the number of the bacteria in the culture solution in the step (2) reaches 109The strain is harvested by centrifugal separation when the CFU/ml is more than the CFU/ml, the rotating speed adopted during centrifugation is 4000-8000 rpm, and the mass ratio of the mixed bacterial sludge to the wet bacterial sludge of pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens is (5-10): (5-10): (1-2): (1-2) mixing to obtain the product.
The mixed wet microbial inoculum prepared in the step (3) is prepared by uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the promotion protective solution, and then uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the promotion protective solution with diatomite, wherein the mass ratio of the mixed wet bacterial sludge to the diatomite to the promotion protective solution is (1-5): (1-5): (5-15).
And (3) air-drying or shade-drying the composite microbial inoculum obtained in the step (4) at 15-30 ℃, wherein the water content of the microbial inoculum is less than 15%.
Wherein, when rural domestic sewage is treated, the compound microbial inoculum is directly added into a biochemical reaction tank at the temperature of 8-15 ℃.
For the sake of clarity, the invention is further illustrated below by means of examples.
Example 1
Preparing a complex microbial inoculum: (1) respectively culturing pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens by adopting an enrichment culture medium to obtain a culture solution, wherein the enrichment culture medium comprises 16g/L of glucose, 2g/L of peptone, 1g/L of beef extract, 1g/L of yeast extract, 2g/L of sodium chloride, 3g/L of ammonium acetate, 0.5g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.1g/L of calcium chloride and 0.01g/L, L-0.5 g/L of ferrous sulfate, and dissolving the componentsPreparing enrichment medium in water, sterilizing, and culturing Pseudomonas, Klebsiella oxytoca, Rahnella and Serratia liquefaciens at 20 deg.C until the number of bacteria reaches 109When the concentration is more than CFU/ml, the thalli are harvested by centrifugal separation; (2) and centrifuging the obtained culture solution for 10min at 8000rpm, discarding the supernatant to obtain precipitate wet bacterial sludge, and mixing wet bacterial sludge of pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens in a mass ratio of 7: 6: 1: 1, mixing to obtain mixed wet bacterial sludge; (3) uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the promoting protective agent solution, and uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the promoting protective agent solution with diatomite to obtain the wet bacterial agent, wherein the mass ratio of the mixed wet bacterial sludge to the diatomite to the promoting protective agent solution is 1: 1: 5, promoting the mass percent concentrations of ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, nickel chloride and sodium alginate in the protective agent solution to be 0.002%, 0.002% and 0.1%, respectively, and the mesh number of the diatomite to be 200 meshes; (4) and (3) air-drying the wet microbial inoculum at 25 ℃, and grinding the dried massive microbial inoculum to obtain the powdery composite microbial inoculum.
The effective viable count of the powdery composite microbial inoculum can reach 9.3 multiplied by 10 by counting through a flat plate8 CFU/g。
The obtained composite microbial inoculum is added into rural domestic sewage with COD of 580mg/L according to the mass ratio of 1%, the COD of the sewage is reduced to 136.8mg/L at 14 days, and the removal rate of the COD is 76.4%.
Example 2
Preparing a complex microbial inoculum: (1) respectively culturing pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens by adopting an enrichment culture medium to obtain a culture solution, wherein the components of the enrichment culture medium comprise 16g/L of glucose, 2g/L of peptone, 1g/L of beef extract, 1g/L of yeast extract, 2g/L of sodium chloride, 3g/L of ammonium acetate, 0.5g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.1g/L of calcium chloride and 0.01g/L, L-cysteine, dissolving the components in water to prepare the enrichment culture medium, sterilizing the enrichment culture medium, and culturing the pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens at the culture temperature of 20 ℃, wherein the bacterial count of the culture solution reaches 109When the concentration is more than CFU/ml, the thalli are harvested by centrifugal separation; (2) will getCentrifuging the obtained culture solution at 8000rpm for 10min, discarding the supernatant to obtain wet precipitate, and mixing wet precipitate of Pseudomonas, Klebsiella oxytoca, Laenna and Serratia liquefaciens at a mass ratio of 9: 7: 1: 1, mixing to obtain mixed wet bacterial sludge; (3) uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the promoting protective agent solution, and uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the promoting protective agent solution with diatomite to obtain the wet bacterial agent, wherein the mass ratio of the mixed wet bacterial sludge to the diatomite to the promoting protective agent solution is 1: 1: 5, promoting the mass percent concentrations of ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, nickel chloride and sodium alginate in the protective agent solution to be 0.002%, 0.002% and 0.1%, respectively, and the mesh number of the diatomite to be 200 meshes; (4) and (3) air-drying the wet microbial inoculum at 25 ℃, and grinding the dried massive microbial inoculum to obtain the powdery composite microbial inoculum.
The effective viable count of the powdery composite microbial inoculum can reach 1.2 multiplied by 10 by counting through a flat plate9CFU/g。
The obtained composite microbial inoculum is added into rural domestic sewage with COD of 580mg/L according to the mass ratio of 1%, the COD of the sewage is reduced to 91.3mg/L after 14 days, and the removal rate of the COD is 84.3%.
Example 3
Preparing a complex microbial inoculum: (1) respectively culturing pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens by adopting an enrichment culture medium to obtain a culture solution, wherein the components of the enrichment culture medium comprise 16g/L of glucose, 2g/L of peptone, 1g/L of beef extract, 1g/L of yeast extract, 2g/L of sodium chloride, 3g/L of ammonium acetate, 0.5g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.1g/L of calcium chloride and 0.01g/L, L-cysteine, dissolving the components in water to prepare the enrichment culture medium, sterilizing the enrichment culture medium, and culturing the pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens at the culture temperature of 20 ℃, wherein the bacterial count of the culture solution reaches 109When the concentration is more than CFU/ml, the thalli are harvested by centrifugal separation; (2) and centrifuging the obtained culture solution for 10min at 8000rpm, discarding the supernatant to obtain precipitate wet bacterial sludge, and mixing wet bacterial sludge of pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens in a mass ratio of 7: 9: 1: 1, mixing to obtain mixed wet bacterial sludge(ii) a (3) Uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the promoting protective agent solution, and uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the promoting protective agent solution with diatomite to obtain the wet bacterial agent, wherein the mass ratio of the mixed wet bacterial sludge to the diatomite to the promoting protective agent solution is 1: 1: 5, promoting the mass percent concentrations of ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, nickel chloride and sodium alginate in the protective agent solution to be 0.002%, 0.002% and 0.1%, respectively, and the mesh number of the diatomite to be 200 meshes; (4) and (3) air-drying the wet microbial inoculum at 25 ℃, and grinding the dried massive microbial inoculum to obtain the powdery composite microbial inoculum.
The effective viable count of the powdery composite microbial inoculum can reach 1.3 multiplied by 10 by counting through a flat plate9CFU/g。
The obtained composite microbial inoculum is added into rural domestic sewage with COD of 580mg/L according to the mass ratio of 1%, the COD of the sewage is reduced to 110.7mg/L after 14 days, and the removal rate of the COD is 80.9%.
It should be apparent that the above-described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments and structural changes that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments described in the present invention or based on the teaching of the present invention, all technical solutions that are the same or similar to the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method and application of the composite microbial inoculum for low-temperature treatment of rural domestic sewage are characterized in that the composite microbial inoculum comprises a mixed bacterium, a promoting protective agent and a carrier, the mixed bacterium and the promoting protective agent are attached to the carrier, the mixed bacterium comprises pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens, and the mass ratio of the pseudomonas to the klebsiella oxytoca to the serratia liquefaciens is (5-10): (5-10): (1-2): (1-2), the promoting protective agent comprises ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, nickel chloride and sodium alginate, the promoting protective agent is dissolved in water to form a promoting protective agent solution, the mass percentage concentrations of the ferric chloride, the cobalt chloride, the nickel chloride and the sodium alginate are respectively 0.001-0.005%, 0.05-0.2%, the carrier is diatomite, and the mesh number of the diatomite is 100-800 meshes.
2. The preparation method and application of the composite microbial inoculum for the low-temperature treatment of rural domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the effective viable count of the composite microbial inoculum is 5 x 108~5×109 CFU/g。
3. The preparation method and the application of the rural domestic sewage low-temperature treatment composite microbial inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively culturing pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens by adopting an enrichment culture medium to obtain culture solutions;
(2) carrying out centrifugal separation on the obtained culture solution to obtain precipitated wet bacterial sludge, and mixing different wet bacterial sludge in proportion to obtain mixed wet bacterial sludge;
(3) mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge, diatomite and a promoting protective agent solution in proportion to obtain a wet bacterial agent;
(4) and (3) air-drying or shade-drying the wet microbial inoculum, and grinding the dried massive microbial inoculum to obtain the powdery composite microbial inoculum.
4. The preparation method and application of the rural domestic sewage low-temperature treatment composite microbial inoculum according to claim 3, the method is characterized in that the enrichment medium in the step (1) comprises 5-20 g/L of glucose, 1-10 g/L of peptone, 1-5 g/L of beef extract, 1-5 g/L of yeast extract, 1-5 g/L of sodium chloride, 1-5 g/L of ammonium acetate, 0.2-0.5 g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2 g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.2 g/L of calcium chloride, 0.01-0.02 g/L, L-0.2-0.5 g/L of ferrous sulfate, the components are dissolved in water, preparing an enrichment culture medium, and culturing pseudomonas, klebsiella oxytoca, rahnella and serratia liquefaciens after sterilization at 15-25 ℃.
5. The rural domestic sewage of claim 3The preparation method and the application of the water low-temperature treatment composite microbial inoculum are characterized in that the number of bacteria in the culture solution in the step (2) reaches 109The culture medium is used for centrifugal separation to harvest thalli when the CFU/ml is higher than the CFU/ml, and the rotating speed adopted during centrifugation is 4000-8000 rpm.
6. The preparation method and application of the composite microbial inoculum for low-temperature treatment of rural domestic sewage according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the wet microbial inoculum in the step (3) is prepared by uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge and the promoting protective agent solution, and then uniformly mixing the mixed wet bacterial sludge, the diatomite and the promoting protective agent solution according to the mass ratio of (1-5): (1-5): (5-15).
7. The preparation method and application of the composite microbial inoculum for low-temperature treatment of rural domestic sewage according to claim 3, wherein the composite microbial inoculum in the step (4) is air-dried or shade-dried at 15-30 ℃, and the water content of the microbial inoculum is less than 15%.
8. The preparation method and application of the composite microbial inoculum for the low-temperature treatment of rural domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the composite microbial inoculum is directly added into a biochemical reaction tank at the temperature of 8-15 ℃ when the rural domestic sewage is treated.
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