CN111875066A - Immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN111875066A CN111875066A CN202010759318.3A CN202010759318A CN111875066A CN 111875066 A CN111875066 A CN 111875066A CN 202010759318 A CN202010759318 A CN 202010759318A CN 111875066 A CN111875066 A CN 111875066A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/343—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used for digestion of grease, fat, oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
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Abstract
The invention relates to immobilized microbial particles with long running period and high biological activity for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the immobilized microbial particles comprise functional strains and immobilized carrier materials. The invention mixes functional bacteria microorganism and immobilized carrier to form solid microorganism particles, the immobilized carrier chitosan can be used as an attachment surface for grease in kitchen wastewater, the removal effect of the functional microorganism on the grease in the kitchen wastewater is better, compared with physical, chemical and free strains, the microorganism immobilization technology can maintain the high activity and high concentration of the microorganism in a reactor, the microorganism cell growth has the characteristics of short stagnation time, fast reaction, more cells, less microorganism loss, reusability, long-term utilization and the like, when in use, the immobilized microorganism particles are thrown into an oily sewage treatment facility, and the operation is simple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, in particular to immobilized microbial particles with long operation period and high biological activity for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater, a preparation method and application.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid increase of economy and the continuous improvement of the quality and living standard of people, the requirements of the public on the quality of human characters and the natural environment are more and more strict. The ancient languages include cloud: the method has the advantages that people take food as the day, huge population base numbers and vigorous development of the catering industry are achieved, kitchen sewage generated by China every year is up to hundred million tons, the data is in an increasing situation, Chinese food mostly uses a large amount of animal oil and vegetable oil in the manufacturing process, the content of grease and crude fat in the kitchen waste water in China is far higher than that in other countries, people feel low about environmental protection, the environment-friendly propaganda strength of bottom layer workers is insufficient, the working effect is low, the phenomenon that untreated kitchen waste water is discharged randomly is rare, and the pollution of the kitchen waste water to the environment is aggravated.
The pollutants in the oily sewage are various in types, most of the pollutants are in a colloidal substance form, the smaller part of the pollutants is suspended in the wastewater, and the pollutants comprise various animal and vegetable oils, have high turbidity and high salinity, have high COD (chemical oxygen demand) and BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand) concentrations and belong to high-concentration organic wastewater, so that the redundant oil is not easily degraded. Discharging untreated kitchen wastewater into a water body to cause eutrophication of the water body and destroy the ecological environment of the water body, so that the water body is blackened and smelly; when discharged into soil, the oil contained therein may cause soil hardening, destroy the granular structure of the soil layer, and reduce the soil quality.
The treatment method of the grease-polluted wastewater mainly comprises three methods: physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical and chemical methods such as salting out, electrolysis, membrane separation and the like have the defects of large investment, wide occupied area, special equipment and the like. Meanwhile, the method can not effectively treat the grease waste and has the danger of generating secondary pollution. Compared with the prior art, the biological treatment method is that the organisms mainly comprise microorganisms, the grease is used as a carbon source and an energy source required by the growth of the microorganisms, the grease is transferred and converted, the grease is hydrolyzed into glycerol and fatty acid under the catalysis of enzyme, and finally the glycerol and the fatty acid are degraded into H2O、CO2And the like. Compared with a physical chemical method, the biological treatment method has the advantages of low cost, small occupied area, no need of special equipment, no secondary pollution and the like. And the biological treatment method mainly depends on microorganisms which have the advantages of wide sources, easy culture, high propagation speed, strong environmental adaptability and the like, so the biological treatment method plays an increasingly important role in the aspect of treating the grease waste. At present, grease degrading bacteria are applied to various fields such as biological garbage degradation, oily wastewater treatment, enzyme for washing, biodiesel production and the like in Japan, Europe and America developed countries, and the application of China in the fields is yet to be enhanced.
At present, domestic and overseas researches on the treatment of kitchen waste mainly focus on the aspects of solid-liquid separation treatment technology, resource utilization and the like, and the water-oil separation treatment technology of waste liquid of kitchen waste is only reported, but compared with developed countries, domestic researches on oil-containing waste water are started later. In conventional biological wastewater treatment processes, microorganisms are generally grown in suspension in water and are therefore easily lost from the reactor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide immobilized microbial particles for removing grease in kitchen wastewater, the immobilized microbial particles have long running period and high biological activity, have obvious effects on oil removal efficiency and treatment load in the kitchen wastewater treatment process, have simple preparation process, and can be directly put into kitchen wastewater treatment equipment for use.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned immobilized microorganism particles.
It is another object of the present invention to provide the use of immobilized microbial particles.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an immobilized microorganism particle for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater comprises a functional strain and an immobilized carrier material.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the functional microorganism is a novel lipid-degrading strain; the immobilized carrier chitosan is a natural high molecular polymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass percentage of the grease degrading bacterial strain is 50%, and the mass percentage of the immobilized carrier is 50%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the immobilized microorganism particles for treating the degradation of grease in restaurant wastewater, which is used for preparing the immobilized microorganism particles for treating the restaurant wastewater, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1): cultivating functional microbial strain seed solution, centrifuging and retaining thalli, and preparing into bacterial suspension;
step 2): fully and uniformly mixing the sterilized chitosan solution with the bacterial suspension in the step 1), and dripping the mixture into alkaline cross-linking liquid for cross-linking to form immobilized microorganism particles;
step 3): washing the immobilized microorganism particles obtained in the step 2) with deionized water for many times until the washing liquid is neutral, and storing the washing liquid in normal saline for later use.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step 1) includes:
inoculating 3mL of synchronous nitrification and denitrification strains into sterilized 200mL of seed culture solution, carrying out shake culture for 24h under the conditions of 30 ℃ and 200r/min, putting the cultured strain liquid into a centrifuge tube, centrifuging for 5min, washing the centrifuged strain with sterilized deionized water, and preparing 40mL of strain suspension.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step 2) includes:
weighing 4% of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 60mL of acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 1%, sterilizing the solution at 115 ℃ for 30 minutes, cooling the solution, fully mixing the cooled solution with the prepared bacterial suspension, and dropwise adding the mixed solution into 0.25mol/L sodium hydroxide solution for crosslinking for 4 hours.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the total amount of the functional microbial strain, chitosan, acetic acid and sterilized deionized water is 50: 4:1:45.
The invention provides application of immobilized microbial particles for kitchen wastewater treatment, wherein the immobilized microbial particles for degrading grease are added into an oil-containing sewage tank, and the adding mass of the immobilized microbial particles for degrading the grease is 3%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein functional bacteria microorganisms and immobilized carrier materials are mixed to form solid microorganism particles, immobilized carrier chitosan can be used as an attachment surface for grease in the kitchen wastewater, and the removal effect of functional microorganisms on the grease in the kitchen wastewater is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the results of an impact batch test of immobilized microbial particles of the invention in an AO process unit;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing oil removal effects of chitosan-immobilized bacteria, free bacteria and filler-immobilized bacteria in a purification tank process;
FIG. 3 shows the effect of immobilized microorganism particles in oil-containing wastewater treatment.
Detailed Description
The invention provides immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease, which comprise functional microorganisms and an embedded immobilized carrier. Functional microorganisms and immobilized carriers are mixed to form solid microbial particles, the immobilized carrier chitosan can be used as an adsorbent to adsorb oil and nutrient elements required by microbial growth, the removal effect of functional bacteria microorganisms on the oil in sewage is excellent, and compared with physical, chemical and free microorganism oil removal technologies, the microbial immobilization technology can maintain the high activity and high concentration of microorganisms in a reactor, and has the characteristics of short microbial cell growth stagnation time, fast reaction, more cells, less microbial loss, reusability, long-term utilization and the like. When in use, the immobilized microorganism particles are put into an oily sewage treatment facility, and the operation is simple.
The functional microorganism is a novel efficient lipid degradation strain, which is described in the patent application of the applicant in 2017, 11 and 23 months, the patent invention published in 2020, 2 and 18 months, CN201711184312.2 is an abnormal aeromonas saccharophila and the application thereof, and the preservation number of the strain is CCTCC M2017543; the immobilized carrier is a natural high molecular polymer obtained by deacetylating more than 80% of chitin. The immobilized microorganisms can prevent the loss of the microorganisms and increase the impact resistance of the microorganisms, chitosan has biological friendliness as a carrier and can be used as a flocculating agent and an adsorbent to flocculate and adsorb grease in water, the grease degrading strain can enhance the oil removing effect in the kitchen wastewater, the immobilized microorganisms are beneficial to improving the number of the microorganisms in the kitchen wastewater, the solid-liquid separation after the reaction is convenient, and the treatment capacity of a system is improved.
Chitosan, acetic acid and sodium hydroxide are embedded according to different proportions to form immobilized microorganism particles. In order to verify the influence of chitosan concentration on the oil removal effect of immobilized microorganism particles, three chitosan concentration gradients are set, and referring to table 1, the result shows that when the chitosan concentration is 4%, the oil removal rate can reach 89.5%, the COD removal rate is 86.5%, and the mechanical strength of the immobilized microorganism particles prepared under the condition is high; because chitosan is easily dissolved in an acid solution, and the concentration of an acetic acid solution used in an experiment has a certain influence on the chitosan, when the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 1%, the oil removal rate of the prepared immobilized microorganism particles is optimal, the highest oil removal rate is 90.1%, and the COD removal rate is 88.3%; and secondly, the influence of the concentration of the sodium hydroxide crosslinking solution on immobilized microorganism particles in the crosslinking process is also researched, the immobilized microorganism particles are most suitable for being prepared under the condition that the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 0.25mol/L, and the activity of the strain can be influenced when the alkalinity is higher, so that the oil removal effect of the immobilized microorganism particles in the process of treating the kitchen wastewater is reduced.
Table 1 different proportions of chitosan were dissolved in acidic solution and crosslinked in sodium hydroxide solution.
| Concentration of chitosan | Oil and fat removal rate | |
| 2％ | 75.6％ | 73.8％ |
| 4％ | 89.2％ | 86.5％ |
| 6％ | 79.1％ | 76.3％ |
Table 2 chitosan was dissolved in acidic solutions of different concentrations and crosslinked in sodium hydroxide solution.
| Concentration of acetic acid | Oil and fat removal rate | COD removal rate |
| 1％ | 90.1％ | 88.3％ |
| 2％ | 83.7％ | 82.4％ |
| 3％ | 80.2％ | 77.9％ |
Table 3 chitosan was dissolved in acidic solution and cross-linked in sodium hydroxide solution of different ratios.
| Concentration of sodium hydroxide | Oil and fat removal rate | COD removal rate |
| 0.15mol/L | 83.1％ | 80.5％ |
| 0.25mol/L | 89.7％ | 87.3％ |
| 0.35mol/L | 77.6％ | 74.2％ |
As can be seen from the above, the most preferable concentration of the chitosan solution of the present invention is 4%, the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 1%, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 0.25 mol/L.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the immobilized microbial particles for degrading grease in the kitchen wastewater treatment process, and the preparation method of the immobilized microbial particles for treating the kitchen wastewater comprises the following specific steps:
step 1): cultivating functional microbial strain seed solution, centrifuging and retaining thalli, and preparing into bacterial suspension;
step 2): fully and uniformly mixing the sterilized chitosan solution with the bacterial suspension obtained in the step 1), and dripping the mixture into alkaline cross-linking liquid for cross-linking to form immobilized microorganism particles;
step 3): washing the immobilized microorganism particles obtained in the step 2) with deionized water for many times until the washing liquid is neutral, and storing in normal saline for later use.
The step 1) comprises the following steps: inoculating 3mL of a lipid-degrading strain LB culture solution into a sterilized 200mL seed culture solution, culturing for 24h in a shaking table at 30 ℃ and 200r/min, centrifuging the cultured seed culture solution in a centrifuge tube for 5 minutes, washing the centrifuged strain with sterilized deionized water, and preparing into 50mL of bacterial suspension.
The step 2) comprises the following steps:
weighing 4% of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 100mL of acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 1%, autoclaving the mixed solution at 115 ℃ for 30 minutes, fully mixing the bacterial suspension and the cooled mixed solution, and dropwise adding the mixture into 0.25mol/L sodium hydroxide solution by using an injector for crosslinking for 4 hours to obtain the immobilized microorganism particles.
The mass ratio of the total amount of the functional microbial strains, the chitosan, the acetic acid and the sterilized deionized water is 50: 4:1:45.
The invention provides application of immobilized microbial particles for degrading grease in a kitchen wastewater treatment process, wherein the immobilized microbial particles for treating kitchen wastewater are added into an oil-containing sewage pool, and the adding mass of the immobilized microbial particles for treating the oil-containing sewage is 3%.
Example 1:
weighing 4% of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 1% of acetic acid solution, carrying out amplification culture on a high-efficiency oil removing strain, uniformly mixing the sterilized chitosan mixed solution with a bacterial suspension, dripping the chitosan mixed solution into 0.25mol/L sodium hydroxide solution for crosslinking for 4 hours to prepare immobilized microorganism particles, carrying out an impact resistance batch experiment, adding the prepared immobilized microorganism particles into AO process equipment with the capacity of 5L according to the mass of 3%, carrying out aeration culture at room temperature, keeping the immobilized microorganism particles in the equipment unchanged, taking one batch every three days, measuring the oil removal rate and the COD value of the immobilized microorganism particles, cleaning the immobilized oil removing particles after the completion of the process, and putting the immobilized oil removing particles into another batch of oily sewage, and repeating the steps until the degradation rate of the immobilized microorganism particles is not obviously changed. The measurement results are shown in FIG. 1. The test is carried out for 10 batches, and the result shows that the immobilized bacteria have longer-term oil removal effect and stability than the non-immobilized bacteria.
Example 2:
according to the preparation method in example 1, the prepared immobilized microorganism particles were put into a purification tank for treating kitchen wastewater, and a control experiment was performed. Wherein one group is added with immobilized microorganism particles, the other group is added with free microorganisms, and the adding volume ratio is 3kg/m3And respectively measuring the oil content of the effluent of the two groups every 24 hours. Referring to fig. 2, the degradation rate of free microorganisms increased faster than that of immobilized microorganism particles at the initial stage of the experiment, while the degradation effect of immobilized microorganism particles lasted longer and the oil degradation efficiency was generally higher than that of free microorganisms.
Example 3:
according to the preparation method in example 1, the prepared immobilized microorganism particles were put into a purification tank for treating kitchen wastewater, and a control experiment was performed. Wherein one group is added with immobilized microorganism particles, the other group is added with filler immobilized strains, and the adding volume ratio is 3kg/m3And respectively measuring the oil content of the effluent of the two groups of purification tanks every 24 hours. Referring to fig. 2, compared with the free strain, the oil degradation efficiency of the filler immobilized strain is better, but the degradation effect of the immobilized microorganism particles is more advantageous than the other two methods, the overall oil degradation efficiency is optimal, and the duration is longest.
Example 4:
the immobilized microorganism particles prepared according to the preparation method of example 1 were put into a 0.6t oily sewage tank of a mountain dock site of a mountain village chicken in Wukangzhou, Germany, and evaluated for practical use. The adding volume ratio is 3kg/m3And measuring the oil content of the effluent every 24 hours. Referring to fig. 3, it takes 5 days for the immobilized microorganism particles to exert their effects, but the stabilized immobilized microorganism particles have good oil degradation efficiency and can stably operate for more than one month.
While the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An immobilized microbial particle for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater is characterized by comprising a functional microbial strain and an embedded immobilized carrier material.
2. The immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the functional microorganism is grease degrading strain.
3. The immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the embedding immobilized carrier material is chitosan, and the natural high molecular polymer is obtained by deacetylation of chitin.
4. The immobilized microbial particles for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of the functional microbial strains is 50%, and the mass percentage of the embedding immobilized carrier material is 50%.
5. The preparation method of the immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease in the kitchen wastewater according to the claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): cultivating functional microbial strain seed solution, centrifuging and retaining thalli, and preparing into bacterial suspension;
step 2): fully and uniformly mixing the sterilized chitosan solution with the bacterial suspension in the step 1), and dripping the mixture into alkaline cross-linking liquid for cross-linking to form immobilized microorganism particles;
step 3): washing the immobilized microorganism particles obtained in the step 2) with deionized water for many times until the washing liquid is neutral, and storing in normal saline for later use.
6. The preparation method of the immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater according to claim 5, wherein the step 1) comprises the following steps:
inoculating 3mL of a lipid-degrading strain LB culture solution into 200mL of sterilized seed culture solution, and culturing for 24h in a shaking table at 30 ℃ and 200 r/min; and centrifuging the cultured seed culture solution in a centrifuge tube for 5 minutes, washing the centrifuged strain with sterilized deionized water, and preparing into 50mL of bacterial suspension.
7. The preparation method of the immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater according to claim 5, wherein the step 2) comprises the following steps:
weighing 4% of chitosan, dissolving the chitosan in 100mL of acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 1%, autoclaving the mixed solution at 115 ℃ for 30 minutes, fully mixing the bacterial suspension obtained in the step 1) with the cooled mixed solution, and dropwise adding the mixture into 0.25mol/L sodium hydroxide solution by using a syringe for crosslinking for 4 hours to obtain the immobilized microorganism particles.
8. The application of the immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater is characterized in that the immobilized microorganism particles for oily sewage are added into a purification tank, and the addition amount of the immobilized microorganism particles for oily sewage treatment is 3%; the immobilized microorganism particles for oily sewage treatment are the immobilized microorganism particles for degrading grease in kitchen wastewater according to claims 1-4.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115121578A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-30 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | Kitchen waste grease treatment process cooperatively treated with kitchen waste |
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2020
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| WO2001042427A1 (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2001-06-14 | Allmighty Co., Ltd. | Oil-degrading microorganism and utilization thereof |
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| CN115121578A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-30 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | Kitchen waste grease treatment process cooperatively treated with kitchen waste |
| CN115121578B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-04-12 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | Kitchen waste grease treatment process for co-treatment with kitchen waste |
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