CN112352877A - Antibiotic-free breeding feed additive and antibiotic-free breeding feed - Google Patents
Antibiotic-free breeding feed additive and antibiotic-free breeding feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN112352877A CN112352877A CN202011263163.0A CN202011263163A CN112352877A CN 112352877 A CN112352877 A CN 112352877A CN 202011263163 A CN202011263163 A CN 202011263163A CN 112352877 A CN112352877 A CN 112352877A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a nonreactive breeding feed additive which comprises a ganoderma lucidum extract and an astragalus extract. The Ganoderma extract and radix astragali extract are prepared from powder mixture of Ganoderma fruiting body and Scutellariae radix by extracting with hot water and precipitating with ethanol. The antibiotic-free breeding feed using the specific additive provided by the invention has the advantages that the average daily gain of the fattening pigs is higher; and the feed meat ratio is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a nonreactive breeding feed additive and a nonreactive breeding feed.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the development level of the economic society, large-scale intensification becomes the main direction of the development of the animal husbandry in China. Since the antibiotics are widely used as the growth-promoting feed additive, obvious economic benefits are created for the breeding industry. However, the use of feeding antibiotics in a sub-dosage for a long time has been proved by many researches to form a source of drug resistance of various pathogenic bacteria and cause endogenous infection and superinfection of livestock, so that the health condition of the livestock is seriously influenced. The drug residue in the livestock and poultry product not only influences the quality of the livestock and poultry product, but also can cause pathogenic bacteria in human bodies to generate drug resistance to the residual antibiotics, thereby directly threatening the health of human beings.
For the healthy development of the feed industry and the livestock breeding industry, people have more healthy thinking, antibiotics are cautiously used or even forbidden, and the active development and use of safe, nontoxic and harmless green feed additives are urgent. The green feed additives which are researched more by people at present comprise: oligosaccharides, probiotics, enzyme preparations, acidifiers, antimicrobial peptides and gradually valued Chinese herbal medicine feed additives.
The Chinese herbal medicine is from nature, and is incomparable with other feed additives such as antibiotics and the like as a natural organic matter. The Chinese herbal medicine additive improves the immunity of the organism by regulating the metabolic balance of the organism, thereby killing pathogenic microorganism flora through an immune system, and has the advantages of no occurrence of drug-resistant germs and no occurrence of drug-resistant problem because the drug effect is poor or ineffective unlike the principle of the antibiotic additive. On the other hand, part of the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive can improve daily gain, the digestibility of daily ration nutrient substances, the feed conversion ratio and the like under the condition of not influencing daily ingestion, and the overall effect is better than that of antibiotics. However, the application of the Chinese herbal medicine additive in the animal husbandry still stays in the mode of directly adding the Chinese herbal medicine by grinding, the addition amount is large, and the effect is not ideal.
Aiming at the technical defects, a nonreactive breeding feed additive and a nonreactive breeding feed which have higher average daily gain and lower feed-meat ratio and can replace antibiotics are urgently needed to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nonreactive breeding feed additive and a nonreactive breeding feed. Compared with the prior art, the antibiotic-free aquaculture feed using the additive has higher average daily gain; and the feed meat ratio is lower.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a feed additive without antibiotic for culturing is prepared from ganoderma extract and astragalus root extract.
The additive is prepared by performing hot water extraction and alcohol precipitation on a powder mixture of ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies and scutellaria baicalensis.
The additive according to the present invention, wherein the powder mixture consists of 60-80 parts by weight of the ganoderma lucidum fruit body powder and 20-40 parts by weight of the scutellaria baicalensis powder.
Preferably, the powder mixture consists of 65-75 parts by weight of the ganoderma lucidum fruit body powder and 25-35 parts by weight of the scutellaria baicalensis powder.
In a specific embodiment, the powder mixture consists of 70 parts by weight of the ganoderma lucidum fruit body powder and 30 parts by weight of the scutellaria baicalensis powder.
The additive according to the invention, wherein the temperature of the hot water is 80-100 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the hot water is 85-98 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, the hot water has a temperature of 92 ℃.
The additive provided by the invention is characterized in that the feed-liquid ratio of the powder mixture to hot water is 1: (15-25) g/mL.
Preferably, the ratio of the powder mixture to the hot water is 1: (18-22) g/mL.
In a specific embodiment, the feed-to-liquid ratio of the powder mixture to the hot water is 1: 20 g/mL.
The additive is prepared by extracting the powder mixture with hot water for 1-5 times, combining filtrates, and concentrating to 1/4-1/8 to obtain an extract concentrate.
Preferably, the powder mixture is extracted with hot water for 1-3 times, and the filtrates are combined and concentrated to 1/4-1/6 of the original volume to obtain an extract concentrate.
In a specific embodiment, the powder mixture is extracted with hot water 2 times, and the filtrates are combined and concentrated to 1/5 to obtain an extract concentrate.
The additive according to the present invention, wherein the alcohol used in the alcohol precipitation step is 90-99.5v% ethanol aqueous solution.
Preferably, the alcohol used in the alcohol precipitation step is a 92-98 v% aqueous ethanol solution.
In a specific embodiment, the alcohol used in the alcohol precipitation step is a 95 v% aqueous ethanol solution.
The additive of the invention, wherein the volume ratio of the extraction concentrate to the alcohol is 1: (4-8).
Preferably, the volume ratio of the extraction concentrate to the alcohol is 1: (4-6).
In a specific embodiment, the volume ratio of the extraction concentrate to the alcohol is 1: 5.
the additive according to the invention, wherein the temperature of the alcohol precipitation step is between 0 and 25 ℃; the treatment time is 6-72 h.
Preferably, the temperature of the alcohol precipitation step is 0-10 ℃; the treatment time is 8-48 h.
In a specific embodiment, the temperature of the alcohol precipitation step is 4 ℃; the treatment time was 12h (overnight).
In another aspect, the invention also provides a antibiotic-free aquaculture feed comprising a basal feed and the additive according to the invention.
The inventor finds that the average daily gain of the fattening pigs is higher by using the antibiotic-free breeding feed of the specific additive; and the feed meat ratio is lower.
Without wishing to be bound by any theory, the above technical effect is brought about by the powder mixture of the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum and Scutellaria baicalensis in a specific ratio being subjected to hot water extraction and alcohol extraction steps.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the invention is merely illustrative of the spirit and principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, deletions, modifications or adjustments may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the disclosure of the present invention, and such equivalents are also within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
In the present invention, all parts are parts by weight unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Grinding Ganoderma encarpium and Scutellariae radix into powder, respectively, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve. Mixing 70 parts by weight of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body powder and 30 parts by weight of Scutellariae radix powder together to obtain a powder mixture. Putting a powder mixture into hot water at the temperature of 92 ℃, wherein the material-liquid ratio of the powder mixture to the hot water is 1: 20 g/mL. Extracting with hot water for 2 times, cooling, vacuum filtering, mixing filtrates, and concentrating to 1/5 to obtain concentrated extract. After cooling, a 5-fold volume of 95 v% ethanol aqueous solution was slowly added, and the mixture was subjected to alcoholic precipitation at 4 ℃ and left to stand overnight. And (3) carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain precipitates, washing the precipitates for 2 times respectively by using ethanol and acetone, and carrying out freeze drying to obtain the antibiotic-free aquaculture feed additive of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
Grinding Ganoderma encarpium and Scutellariae radix into powder, respectively, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve. Mixing 70 parts by weight of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body powder and 30 parts by weight of Scutellariae radix powder together to obtain a powder mixture. The powder mixture was directly used as a nonreactive aquaculture feed additive of comparative example 1.
Feeding test
Selecting 45 ternary hybrid fattening pigs with the healthy weight of 55 plus or minus 3 kg; the feeding test of 60-120kg was carried out by completely randomly dividing the test requirements into 3 groups (test I group: the non-resistant aquaculture feed additive of example 1; the addition amount is 300g/t based on the weight of the basal feed; test II group: the non-resistant aquaculture feed additive of comparative example 1; the addition amount is 300 g/t; the control group: the antibiotic additive, aureomycin is 75 g/t; oxytetracycline calcium is 60g/t), each group has 3 repetitions (column), each repetition has 5 times (weight is close), and the male and female proportions are consistent.
Wherein, the basic feed comprises: 64% of corn; 22% of soybean meal; 4% of premix; 3% of whey powder; 3% of wheat bran; 2 percent of fish meal; 1% of soybean oil; 0.8 percent of calcium hydrophosphate; 0.2 percent of sodium chloride. Per kg premix provided: vitamin A6100 IU; vitamin D32100 IU; vitamin E10 IU; vitamin K32mg of vitamin B13 mg; vitamin B23 mg; vitamin B1210 mu g of the mixture; biotin 0.5 mg; 1mg of folic acid; 15mg of nicotinamide; 10mg of calcium pantothenate; fe 70 mg; zn 60 mg; cu 25 mg; mn 40 mg; se is 0.3 mg; i0.6 mg. The premix does not contain antibiotics.
In the pig raising process, regular disinfection and normal immunity are carried out in a pigsty according to the conventional raising management (the temperature is controlled at 24-28 ℃ and the humidity is controlled at 55-70%). A water fountain and a trough are arranged in the pigsty, and the pigsty is fed for 3 times every day; the next morning, collect the remaining material and weigh. The test period was 60 days.
The feed intake and daily gain of each pig in each group were accurately recorded every day during the test period, and the Average Daily Gain (ADG) and feed-meat ratio (F/G) during the test period were calculated.
See table 1 for results.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the average daily gain of the fattening pigs is higher by using the antibiotic-free breeding feed of the specific additive of the invention; and the feed meat ratio is lower.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A nonreactive breeding feed additive is characterized by comprising a ganoderma lucidum extract and an astragalus extract.
2. The supplement according to claim 1, wherein the extracts of Ganoderma lucidum and Astragalus membranaceus are obtained by hot water extraction and alcohol precipitation of a powder mixture of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body and Scutellaria baicalensis.
3. The supplement of claim 2, wherein the powder mixture consists of 60-80 parts by weight of the powder of the fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum and 20-40 parts by weight of the powder of Scutellaria baicalensis.
4. An additive according to claim 2, wherein the hot water has a temperature of 80-100 ℃.
5. The additive of claim 4, wherein the feed-to-liquid ratio of the powder mixture to hot water is 1: (15-25) g/mL.
6. The additive of claim 2, wherein the powder mixture is extracted with hot water 1-5 times, and the filtrates are combined and concentrated to 1/4-1/8 of original volume to obtain an extract concentrate.
7. The additive according to claim 2, wherein the alcohol used in the alcohol precipitation step is 90-99.5v% ethanol in water.
8. The additive of claim 7, wherein the volume ratio of the extraction concentrate to alcohol is 1: (4-8).
9. The additive of claim 2, wherein the temperature of the alcohol precipitation step is 0-25 ℃; the treatment time is 6-72 h.
10. A nonreactive breeding feed comprising a basal feed and the additive according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011263163.0A CN112352877A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Antibiotic-free breeding feed additive and antibiotic-free breeding feed |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011263163.0A CN112352877A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Antibiotic-free breeding feed additive and antibiotic-free breeding feed |
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| CN112352877A true CN112352877A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
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| CN202011263163.0A Pending CN112352877A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Antibiotic-free breeding feed additive and antibiotic-free breeding feed |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101756027A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-30 | 天津瑞贝特科技发展有限公司 | Antiviral growth promoting premix feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103623192A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-12 | 山东新希望六和集团有限公司 | Medicine for treating porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-11-12 CN CN202011263163.0A patent/CN112352877A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101756027A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-30 | 天津瑞贝特科技发展有限公司 | Antiviral growth promoting premix feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103623192A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-12 | 山东新希望六和集团有限公司 | Medicine for treating porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘祝英等: "药用植物复合多糖对断奶仔猪生产性能和免疫功能的影响", 《中国畜牧兽医》 * |
| 张明林等: "黄芪灵芝多糖对仔猪HC免疫抗体的影响", 《宁夏农林科技》 * |
| 谭艳平等: "黄芪灵芝增免口服液对肉鸡免疫功能的研究", 《现代畜牧兽医》 * |
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