CN112341206A - 一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法 - Google Patents

一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法 Download PDF

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CN112341206A
CN112341206A CN202011220711.1A CN202011220711A CN112341206A CN 112341206 A CN112341206 A CN 112341206A CN 202011220711 A CN202011220711 A CN 202011220711A CN 112341206 A CN112341206 A CN 112341206A
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silicon nitride
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李勇全
陈巨喜
曾庆党
朱福林
肖立
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Hengyang Kaixin Special Materials Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,包括如下步骤:S1、备料:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃进行称重备用,S2、混合:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃加投入混料机进行干拌混合,在加入水混合得到浆料,S3、过滤加压:将浆料进行过滤,过滤完成后泵入静压机加压成型,S4、胚体制备:将静压成型后的胚体进行光固化成型,S5、脱脂清洗:将固化成型后的胚体进行脱脂,通过将浆料混合光固化成型后进行脱脂,降低胚体中的空气度,增加成型后的质量,同时在胚体制备时通过对胚体进行加压,提高胚体中的压力值,使得强度更高,成型速度更快。

Description

一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷制备方法技术领域,具体为一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法。
背景技术
氮化硅陶瓷具有优异的高温力学性能,被公认为是最有发展前途的高温结构陶瓷材料之一。氮化硅作为一种共价键化台物,扩散系数小,没有熔点,约在2173K分解成氨和硅,难于烧结。通常的氮化硅陶瓷有反应烧结和热压烧结,反应烧结致密度差,力学性能差,热压烧结虽然密度高,力学性能好,但成本较高,难以大规模生产。而无压烧结介于两者之间,由于氮化硅陶瓷为共价键化合物,无压烧结困难,提高无压烧结氮化硅陶瓷的密度成为研究热点,通常加稀土氧化物作为烧结助剂,如氧化铱。但氧化铱的成本较高,对于氮化硅的应用推广不利。为此我们选用氧化钬氧化镨作为添加剂以改善氮化硅的烧结密度和力学性能。
中国公开授权发明:CN110922193A公开了一种氮化硅陶瓷球的制备方法,其发明制备的氮化硅陶瓷球,按照质量百分比包括下列组分:氮化硅粉:85-95%;氧化钇:1-5%;氧化铒:1-10%;二氧化铪:0.5-2%;二氧化钛:1-5%;氧化镁:0.5-2%,可实现在常压下和1400-1550℃的温度下烧结氮化硅陶瓷球,同时步骤简单、方便易行,采用上述制备方法和配方得到的氮化硅陶瓷球具有低密度、高硬度、低摩擦系数、自润滑及刚性好的优点,然而还存在一定问题,其发明虽然通过氧化钇和二氧化铪等材料加强了氮化硅的硬度和材质,但是其方法在对陶瓷球进行成型时,成型速度较慢,并且其发明当中氧化铒会增加材料中的空气度,降低了材料的成型度,为此,提出一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法。
(二)技术方案
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、备料:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃进行称重备用;
S2、混合:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃加投入混料机进行干拌混合,在加入水混合得到浆料;
S3、过滤加压:将浆料进行过滤,过滤完成后泵入静压机加压成型;
S4、胚体制备:将静压成型后的胚体进行光固化成型;
S5、脱脂清洗:将固化成型后的胚体进行脱脂,除尘清洗;
S6、氮化烧制:将脱脂除尘完成后的材料投入氮化炉,氮化完成后进行烧制;
S7、清洗球磨:将氮化烧制完成后的胚体进行球磨,使用超声波清洗机清洗。
优选的,在S1中碳化硅粉为1-5重量份、烧结助剂2-10重量份、磷酸盐玻璃1.3-1.5重量份、结合剂10-15重量份、丙烯酰胺有机单体1-5重量份、催化剂1-3重量份。
优选的,所述的烧结助剂选用氧化钇、二氧化硅、氧化铝、钇铝石榴石的一种或几种。
优选的,在所述S2中混料机为无重力混合机,混合时间为10-15min,转速为300-500r/min。
优选的,在所述S3当中过滤使用,300-500目滤网初筛,二次筛选采用600-800滤网二次筛选,静压机升以12MPa/min至300-400MPa保压30~90min以12MPa/min泄压至130-200MPa,然后以7Pa/min升压,升至300-500MPa,最后以15MPa/min快速卸压。
优选的,在所述S5当中胚体脱脂采用高温脱脂机进行脱脂,脱脂时长为20-37min,脱脂温度为400-600℃,清洗采用温水清洗,温水温度为25-30℃。
优选的,在S6当中氮化炉氮化时长为30-40min,氮化处理的升温程序为70℃-800℃范围内升温速率为20℃/min,1300℃-1450℃升温速率为2℃/min,1100℃保温1.5h,最后随炉冷却到室温,烧制温度为1600-2000℃,保温时间为1-8.5小时。
优选的,在所述S7当中球磨时的磨介球为氮化硅球,分散介质为无水乙醇;球料比为3:1,固体和液体比例为1:5,超声波清洗时长为20-30min。
(三)有益效果
与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,具备以下有益效果:
在本发明的使用当中,通过将浆料混合光固化成型后进行脱脂,同时在脱脂后通过氮化炉进行氮化,降低胚体中的空气度,增加成型后的质量,同时在胚体制备时通过对胚体进行加压,提高胚体中的压力值,使得强度更高,成型速度更快。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图;
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
请参阅图1,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、备料:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃进行称重备用;
S2、混合:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃加投入混料机进行干拌混合,在加入水混合得到浆料;
S3、过滤加压:将浆料进行过滤,过滤完成后泵入静压机加压成型;
S4、胚体制备:将静压成型后的胚体进行光固化成型;
S5、脱脂清洗:将固化成型后的胚体进行脱脂,除尘清洗;
S6、氮化烧制:将脱脂除尘完成后的材料投入氮化炉,氮化完成后进行烧制;
S7、清洗球磨:将氮化烧制完成后的胚体进行球磨,使用超声波清洗机清洗。
本实施例中,具体的:在S1中碳化硅粉为1重量份、烧结助剂2重量份、磷酸盐玻璃1.3重量份、结合剂10重量份、丙烯酰胺有机单体1重量份、催化剂1-3重量份。
进一步的:的烧结助剂选用氧化钇、二氧化硅、氧化铝、钇铝石榴石的一种或几种。
本实施例中,具体的:在S2中混料机为无重力混合机,混合时间为10in,转速为300/min;无重力混合机可以增加溶液混合的速度,使得混合程度更加完善。
前述方案的基础上:在S3当中过滤使用,300目滤网初筛,二次筛选采用600滤网二次筛选,静压机升以12MPa/min至300保压30min以12MPa/min泄压至130MPa,然后以7Pa/min升压,升至300MPa,最后以15MPa/min快速卸压;同时通过两次过滤使得过滤更加精细,避免在装填时出现杂质的情况。
本实施例中,具体的:在S5当中胚体脱脂采用高温脱脂机进行脱脂,脱脂时长为20min,脱脂温度为400℃,清洗采用温水清洗,温水温度为25℃。
作为本发明再进一步的方案:在S6当中氮化炉氮化时长为40min,氮化处理的升温程序为70℃℃范围内升温速率为20℃/min;1300℃℃升温速率为2℃/min,1100℃保温1.5h,最后随炉冷却到室温,烧制温度为1600℃,保温时间为4小时。
本实施例中,具体的:在S7当中球磨时的磨介球为氮化硅球,分散介质为无水乙醇;球料比为3:1,固体和液体比例为1:5,超声波清洗时长为25min。
实施例二
请参阅图1,本发明提供还一种技术方案:一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、备料:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃进行称重备用;
S2、混合:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃加投入混料机进行干拌混合,在加入水混合得到浆料;
S3、过滤加压:将浆料进行过滤,过滤完成后泵入静压机加压成型;
S4、胚体制备:将静压成型后的胚体进行光固化成型;
S5、脱脂清洗:将固化成型后的胚体进行脱脂,除尘清洗;
S6、氮化烧制:将脱脂除尘完成后的材料投入氮化炉,氮化完成后进行烧制;
S7、清洗球磨:将氮化烧制完成后的胚体进行球磨,使用超声波清洗机清洗。
本实施例中,具体的:在S1中碳化硅粉为3重量份、烧结助剂8重量份、磷酸盐玻璃1.4重量份、结合剂12重量份、丙烯酰胺有机单体3重量份、催化剂2重量份。
进一步的:的烧结助剂选用氧化钇、二氧化硅、氧化铝、钇铝石榴石的一种或几种。
本实施例中,具体的:在S2中混料机为无重力混合机,混合时间为13in,转速为400/min;无重力混合机可以增加溶液混合的速度,使得混合程度更加完善。
前述方案的基础上:在S3当中过滤使用,300目滤网初筛,二次筛选采用600滤网二次筛选,静压机升以12MPa/min至350保压60min以12MPa/min泄压至160MPa,然后以7Pa/min升压,升至400MPa,最后以15MPa/min快速卸压;同时通过两次过滤使得过滤更加精细,避免在装填时出现杂质的情况。
本实施例中,具体的:在S5当中胚体脱脂采用高温脱脂机进行脱脂,脱脂时长为20min,脱脂温度为500℃,清洗采用温水清洗,温水温度为25℃。
作为本发明再进一步的方案:在S6当中氮化炉氮化时长为30min,氮化处理的升温程序为70℃℃范围内升温速率为40℃/min;1500℃℃升温速率为2℃/min,800℃保温1.5h,最后随炉冷却到室温,烧制温度为1900℃,保温时间为4小时。
本实施例中,具体的:在S7当中球磨时的磨介球为氮化硅球,分散介质为无水乙醇;球料比为3:1,固体和液体比例为1:5,超声波清洗时长为28min。
实施例三
请参阅图1,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、备料:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃进行称重备用;
S2、混合:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃加投入混料机进行干拌混合,在加入水混合得到浆料;
S3、过滤加压:将浆料进行过滤,过滤完成后泵入静压机加压成型;
S4、胚体制备:将静压成型后的胚体进行光固化成型;
S5、脱脂清洗:将固化成型后的胚体进行脱脂,除尘清洗;
S6、氮化烧制:将脱脂除尘完成后的材料投入氮化炉,氮化完成后进行烧制;
S7、清洗球磨:将氮化烧制完成后的胚体进行球磨,使用超声波清洗机清洗。
本实施例中,具体的:在S1中碳化硅粉为1重量份、烧结助剂2重量份、磷酸盐玻璃1.3重量份、结合剂13重量份、丙烯酰胺有机单体2重量份、催化剂3重量份。
进一步的:的烧结助剂选用氧化钇、二氧化硅、氧化铝、钇铝石榴石的一种或几种。
本实施例中,具体的:在S2中混料机为无重力混合机,混合时间为10in,转速为300/min;无重力混合机可以增加溶液混合的速度,使得混合程度更加完善。
前述方案的基础上:在S3当中过滤使用,400目滤网初筛,二次筛选采用800滤网二次筛选,静压机升以12MPa/min至300保压90min以12MPa/min泄压至200MPa,然后以7Pa/min升压,升至500MPa,最后以15MPa/min快速卸压;同时通过两次过滤使得过滤更加精细,避免在装填时出现杂质的情况。
本实施例中,具体的:在S5当中胚体脱脂采用高温脱脂机进行脱脂,脱脂时长为20min,脱脂温度为400℃,清洗采用温水清洗,温水温度为25℃。
作为本发明再进一步的方案:在S6当中氮化炉氮化时长为40min,氮化处理的升温程序为800℃范围内升温速率为20℃/min,1450℃升温速率为2℃/min,1100℃保温1.5h,最后随炉冷却到室温,烧制温度为2000℃,保温时间为8.5小时。
本实施例中,具体的:在S7当中球磨时的磨介球为氮化硅球,分散介质为无水乙醇;球料比为3:1,固体和液体比例为1:5,超声波清洗时长为30min
综上,该一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法的工作原理和工作过程为,在使用时,首先在本发明的使用当中,通过将浆料混合光固化成型后进行脱脂,同时在脱脂后通过氮化炉进行氮化,降低胚体中的空气度,增加成型后的质量,同时在胚体制备时通过对胚体进行加压,提高胚体中的压力值,使得强度更高,成型速度更快。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (8)

1.一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、备料:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃进行称重备用;
S2、混合:将碳化硅粉、烧结助剂、结合剂、丙烯酰胺有机单体、催化剂和磷酸盐玻璃加投入混料机进行干拌混合,在加入水混合得到浆料;
S3、过滤加压:将浆料进行过滤,过滤完成后泵入静压机加压成型;
S4、胚体制备:将静压成型后的胚体进行光固化成型;
S5、脱脂清洗:将固化成型后的胚体进行脱脂,除尘清洗;
S6、氮化烧制:将脱脂除尘完成后的材料投入氮化炉,氮化完成后进行烧制;
S7、清洗球磨:将氮化烧制完成后的胚体进行球磨,使用超声波清洗机清洗。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,其特征在于:在所述S1中碳化硅粉为1-5重量份、烧结助剂2-10重量份、磷酸盐玻璃1.3-1.5重量份、结合剂10-15重量份、丙烯酰胺有机单体1-5重量份、催化剂1-3重量份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,其特征在于:所述的烧结助剂选用氧化钇、二氧化硅、氧化铝、钇铝石榴石的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,其特征在于:在所述S2中混料机为无重力混合机,混合时间为10-15min,转速为300-500r/min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,其特征在于:在所述S3当中过滤使用,300-500目滤网初筛,二次筛选采用600-800滤网二次筛选,静压机升以12MPa/min至300-400MPa保压30~90min以12MPa/min泄压至130-200MPa,然后以7Pa/min升压,升至300-500MPa,最后以15MPa/min快速卸压。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,其特征在于:在所述S5当中胚体脱脂采用高温脱脂机进行脱脂,脱脂时长为20-37min,脱脂温度为400-600℃,清洗采用温水清洗,温水温度为25-30℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,其特征在于:在所述S6当中氮化炉氮化时长为30-40min,氮化处理的升温程序为70℃-800℃范围内升温速率为20℃/min,1300℃-1450℃升温速率为2℃/min,1100℃保温1.5h,最后随炉冷却到室温,烧制温度为1600-2000℃,保温时间为1-8.5小时。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种稀土镨钬稳定氮化硅陶瓷的成型方法,其特征在于:在所述S7当中球磨时的磨介球为氮化硅球,分散介质为无水乙醇;球料比为3:1,固体和液体比例为1:5,超声波清洗时长为20-30min。
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