CN112335639A - Root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device and method - Google Patents
Root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112335639A CN112335639A CN202011341475.9A CN202011341475A CN112335639A CN 112335639 A CN112335639 A CN 112335639A CN 202011341475 A CN202011341475 A CN 202011341475A CN 112335639 A CN112335639 A CN 112335639A
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005944 Chlorpyrifos Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorpyrifos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl SBPBAQFWLVIOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001136249 Agriotes lineatus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005794 Hymexazol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000256259 Noctuidae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KGVPNLBXJKTABS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hymexazol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=NO1 KGVPNLBXJKTABS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 34
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000758706 Piperaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000004699 copper complex Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000001250 Cardamine diphylla Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000250392 Cardamine diphylla Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
- A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
Abstract
The invention discloses a root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device and a method, wherein the device comprises an electric sprayer, a drip irrigation hard pipe, a drip irrigation hose, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve and a plug; the device is convenient to install and use, the pesticide application place, time and frequency are flexible and easy to control, the use cost of the fertilizer and pesticide application device and the labor intensity of operators are effectively reduced, the use amount of the pesticide is easy to control, the uniformity of the pesticide is high, the pesticide damage is not easy to generate, and the utilization rate of the pesticide is high; the method is suitable for the field with small area and one or more crop planting irrigation modes of drip irrigation, the fertilizer application dosage is different for different crops and different stages of the crop growth, and the fertilizer or the medicament can be fully and uniformly mixed according to the requirements of large and medium-quantity elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and the like required by different crops and different growth periods of the crops and the occurrence rule of plant diseases and insect pests, so that the underground drip irrigation on the crops is completed, and the yield and the quality of the crops are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device and method.
Background
Fertilizers and pesticides are used to maintain or improve crop yield and quality. In each stage of plant growth, large and medium elements are needed to provide nutrients and keep the balance of the nutrients, and the additional fertilizer on roots can supplement the nutrients needed by plants, so that the nutrients can be quickly absorbed, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the plants are ensured, and the plant resistance is improved. In summer, the pests and diseases of crops and vegetables increase along with the rise of temperature, and the pests and diseases of roots are the main pests. The pesticide is used for preventing and treating root diseases and insect pests, and the root irrigation is a very effective measure, but a proper method must be mastered when the pesticide is used for irrigating the root, otherwise, the pesticide cannot achieve the required effect and can cause chemical injury. The root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application technology is used as an agricultural fertilization and pesticide application technology, the principle is that fertilizer (pesticide) liquid is injected into the roots of plants through a fertilization and pesticide application device, the plant growth is promoted or the pest control is carried out, the use amount of the fertilizer (pesticide) can be saved, the cost is reduced, the efficiency is improved, the phytotoxicity is reduced, and most of plants can be irrigated with roots, for example: vegetables, field crops, trees, flowers and the like.
The commonly used root irrigation method is that the medicine is directly irrigated on the soil surface of the plant root, the permeability of the medicine is poor, the utilization rate is extremely low, and the uniformity of the medicine dosage is poor; the other type is that when the crops drip water, the fixed fertilizing and pesticide applying device drops the pesticide into the roots of the plants along with water, although the pesticide amount can be controlled and the use is convenient, the use cost is higher, especially for the field blocks planted by a plurality of small-area crops, a plurality of fixed fertilizing and pesticide applying devices need to be installed, the use cost of the devices is very high, and the installation and disassembly processes are complex, so that the waste of manpower and material resources is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device and a method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, are convenient to install and use, are flexible and easy to control in pesticide application place, time and frequency, effectively reduce the use cost of the fertilization and pesticide application device and the labor intensity of operators, and are high in pesticide use amount, high in pesticide uniformity, difficult to generate pesticide damage and high in pesticide utilization rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device which comprises an electric sprayer, a drip irrigation hard pipe, a drip irrigation hose, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve and a plug, wherein a water inlet of the first three-way valve is connected with a drip irrigation main pipe, a water outlet of the first three-way valve is connected with the water inlet of the electric sprayer through the drip irrigation hard pipe, the other water outlet of the first three-way valve is plugged through the plug, a water outlet of the electric sprayer is connected with a water inlet of the second three-way valve through the drip irrigation hose, one water outlet of the second three-way valve is connected with the drip irrigation main pipe.
The invention also provides a method for irrigating roots, applying fertilizers and applying pesticides, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of a land parcel: soil preparation and base fertilizer application; applying decomposed organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer, mixing uniformly and spreading in soil, deep ploughing, harrowing and grinding to keep the fertilizer mixed uniformly and the land flat, and meeting the requirement of drip irrigation land;
step two, precise fertilizer proportioning: the fertilizer and pesticide applying device for root irrigation and fertilizer application is used for applying fertilizer and pesticide, and the specific operation method comprises the steps of adding the using amount of fertilizer or pesticide to be applied into an electric sprayer, injecting water through a water inlet at a main drip irrigation pipe, and conveying fertilizer water to the main drip irrigation pipe to quickly enter the periphery of the root of a plant after the fertilizer water is fully and uniformly mixed;
step three, topdressing in the seedling stage: in order to keep sufficient vegetative growth of the plants in the seedling stage, applying nitrogen fertilizer;
step four, root disease control: in summer after 6-7 months, root diseases occur sometimes along with the rise of temperature, and in order to avoid the harm of germs to the roots of plants, root irrigation and pesticide application are needed for prevention and control, cuaminosulfate or the mixture of the cuaminosulfate and hymexazol is selected to prevent and control fungus and bacterial diseases, and the plants are guaranteed to be healthy and strong;
step five, underground pest control: underground pests such as cutworms and wireworms are main pests in the seedling stage of plants, and are prevented and treated by irrigating roots with chlorpyrifos and applying pesticide;
step six, topdressing of roots: the flowering and fruiting period is an important period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth of plants, and nutrient supply needs to be enhanced to ensure or improve yield and quality; the increasing application of the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is an important link for ensuring the yield and the quality of fruits, 4 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 3 kg of urea and 4 kg of potassium sulfate are applied to the roots of the plants after the flowering and fruiting period, each fertilizer is dissolved independently, the fertilizers are uniformly mixed and then applied to the roots of the plants, and the fertilizers are applied for 1 time every 7 days and are applied for 4 times continuously; calcium fertilizer is applied additionally in the fruit expanding period, 5 kilograms of calcium chloride is applied to each mu, and the calcium fertilizer is applied for 1 time every 7 days and is applied for 3-4 times continuously.
Preferably, 3-4 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer are applied to each mu, 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer are applied to each mu, and 10-15 kilograms of bacterial manure are applied to each mu.
Preferably, 300-350 g of chlorpyrifos is applied to each acre of irrigation roots.
Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer is applied 1 hour before the root irrigation, the fertilizer application and the pesticide application are stopped, 5 kilograms of urea are applied to each mu along with water, and the urea is applied for 1 time every 7 days and 2 times continuously.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device and the method, the electric sprayer is connected into the water inlet and outlet closing device, so that the pesticide application place, time and frequency are flexible and easy to control, the use cost of the fertilizer and pesticide application device and the labor intensity of operators are effectively reduced, the use amount of the pesticide is easy to control, the uniformity of the pesticide is high, the pesticide damage is not easy to generate, and the utilization rate of the pesticide is high; the movable root-irrigation fertilizer-application pesticide-application device is formed by modifying the existing equipment, is convenient to use, can be repeatedly used in multiple places and multiple times, and greatly saves the cost of manpower and material resources; the drip irrigation hard pipe is used as a water inlet, the fertilizer (medicine) in the electric sprayer can be fully and uniformly mixed when the plant drips, and the fertilizer (medicine) can be accurately proportioned according to the using amount of the fertilizer (medicine); the drip irrigation hose is used as a water outlet, one end of the drip irrigation hose is connected with the electric sprayer, and the other end of the drip irrigation hose is connected with the main pipe, so that fertilizer (pesticide) liquid can rapidly enter the periphery of the roots of the plants through the main pipe, and the operation is simple and convenient; the movable root-irrigation fertilizer-application pesticide-applying device can be installed in various places where fertilizer (pesticide) is needed, and is favorable for meeting the requirements of planting various plants.
2. The root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device and the method are suitable for a field with a small area and one or more crop planting irrigation modes of drip irrigation, the fertilizer application dosage is different for different crops and different stages of crop growth, and fertilizers or pesticides can be fully and uniformly mixed according to the requirements of large and medium-quantity elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and the like required by different crops and different growth periods of the crops and the occurrence rule of plant diseases and insect pests, so that the underground drip irrigation on the crops is completed, and the yield and the quality of the crops are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-electric sprayer, 2-drip irrigation hard pipe, 3-drip irrigation hose, 4-three-way valve I, 5-three-way valve II and 6-plug.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device and method, which aim to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The device of giving medicine to fertilizer application of irritating root in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, including electric nebulizer 1, drip irrigation hard tube 2, drip irrigation hose 3, three-way valve 4, two 5 and end cap 6 of three-way valve, the water inlet of three-way valve 4 is connected and is driped irrigation the person in charge, a delivery port of three-way valve 4 is through driping irrigation hard tube 2 connection electric nebulizer 1's water inlet, another delivery port of three-way valve 4 passes through 6 shutoff of end cap, electric nebulizer 1's delivery port is through the water inlet of driping irrigation hose 3 connection two 5 of three-way valve, a delivery port of two 5 of three-way valve is connected and is driped irrigation the. Wherein, the plug 6 is a drip irrigation plug with the diameter of 16 mm.
During the use, add fertilizer or medicament in advance in electric nebulizer 1, open three-way valve one 4 will drip irrigation the water in the main pipe and pour into electric nebulizer 1 into via driping irrigation hard tube 2 in, close three-way valve one 4 after the water injection, the medicament is the mixing in electric nebulizer, open electric nebulizer 1 switch, increase the pressure in electric nebulizer 1, open two 5 three-way valves simultaneously, make the medicament get into through driping irrigation hose 3 and drip irrigation the main pipe, accomplish the root of plant fertilization and administer medicine, close two 5 three-way valves after the fertilization (medicine) are finished.
Based on the root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application device, the invention also provides a root irrigation, fertilization and pesticide application method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation of a land parcel: soil preparation and base fertilizer application; applying 3-4 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, applying 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu and 10-15 kilograms of bacterial fertilizer (bacillus subtilis) per mu, uniformly mixing and spreading in soil, deep ploughing and harrowing, keeping the fertilizer uniformly mixed, leveling land and meeting the requirement of drip irrigation land blocks.
Step two, precise fertilizer proportioning: the fertilizer and pesticide applying device for root irrigation and fertilizer application is used for applying fertilizer and pesticide, and the specific operation method comprises the steps of adding the using amount of fertilizer or pesticide to be applied into an electric sprayer, injecting water through a water inlet at a main drip irrigation pipe, and conveying fertilizer water to the main drip irrigation pipe to quickly enter the periphery of the root of a plant after the fertilizer water is fully and uniformly mixed;
step three, topdressing in the seedling stage: in order to keep sufficient vegetative growth of plants in the seedling stage, applying nitrogen fertilizer, applying 5 kilograms of urea to each mu of plants along with water 1 time every 7 days and continuously applying 2 times before the nitrogen fertilizer is applied for 1 hour before root irrigation and pesticide application are stopped;
step four, root disease control: in summer after 6-7 months, root diseases occur sometimes along with the rise of temperature, and in order to avoid the harm of germs to the roots of plants, root irrigation and pesticide application are needed for prevention and control, cuaminosulfate or the mixture of the cuaminosulfate and hymexazol is selected to prevent and control fungus and bacterial diseases, and the plants are guaranteed to be healthy and strong;
step five, underground pest control: underground pests such as cutworms and wireworms are main pests in the seedling stage of plants, and are prevented and treated by using 300-350 g of chlorpyrifos for irrigating roots per mu;
step six, topdressing of roots: the flowering and fruiting period is an important period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth of plants, and nutrient supply needs to be enhanced to ensure or improve yield and quality; the increasing application of the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is an important link for ensuring the yield and the quality of fruits, 4 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 3 kg of urea and 4 kg of potassium sulfate are applied to the roots of the plants after the flowering and fruiting period, each fertilizer is dissolved independently, the fertilizers are uniformly mixed and then applied to the roots of the plants, and the fertilizers are applied for 1 time every 7 days and are applied for 4 times continuously; calcium fertilizer is applied additionally in the fruit expanding period, 5 kilograms of calcium chloride is applied to each mu, and the calcium fertilizer is applied for 1 time every 7 days and is applied for 3-4 times continuously.
Example 1
The pepper root irrigation pesticide application and fertilizer application method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a land parcel: soil preparation and base fertilizer application. Applying 3-4 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, applying 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu and 10-15 kilograms of bacterial fertilizer (bacillus subtilis) per mu, uniformly mixing and spreading in soil, deep ploughing and harrowing, keeping the fertilizer uniformly mixed, leveling land and meeting the requirement of drip irrigation land blocks.
2) And the fertilizer is accurately proportioned: the movable fertilizer and pesticide applying device is used for applying fertilizer and pesticide, and the specific operation method comprises the steps of adding the amount of fertilizer or pesticide to be applied into an electric sprayer (20 liters), injecting water through a water inlet at a drip irrigation main pipe, and quickly entering the periphery of the root of a plant through a water outlet (the joint of the electric sprayer and the main pipe) after the fertilizer and the water are fully and uniformly mixed.
3) And topdressing in the seedling stage: in order to keep sufficient vegetative growth in the seedling stage, nitrogen fertilizer needs to be applied, 5 kilograms of urea is applied to each mu along with water 1 hour before dripping water stops, and the urea is applied for 1 time every 7 days and twice continuously.
4) And root disease control: in summer after 6-7 months, pathogenic bacteria can infect the roots of the peppers along with the rise of temperature, in order to avoid the harm of the pathogenic bacteria to the roots of plants, root irrigation and pesticide application are needed for preventing and treating the root rot, the ammoniacal copper complex is selected for preventing and treating the fungal diseases, 200 grams of ammoniacal copper complex is applied to the roots of each mu for preventing and treating the fungal diseases, and the continuous drip irrigation is carried out for 2 times, so that the pepper diseases can be effectively prevented and treated, and the plants are ensured to be healthy and strong.
5) And underground pest control: underground pests such as cutworms and wireworms are main pests in the seedling stage of the peppers, and are prevented and treated by using 300-350 g of chlorpyrifos for irrigating roots per mu, and the application amount per mu is 350 g of 300-350 g of chlorpyrifos for irrigating roots per mu.
6) And topdressing of roots: the flowering and fruiting period is an important period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the pepper, and nutrient supply needs to be enhanced so as to ensure or improve yield and quality. The increasing application of the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is an important link for ensuring the yield and the quality of fruits, 4 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 3 kg of urea and 4 kg of potassium sulfate are applied to the roots of the plants after the flowering and fruiting period, each fertilizer is dissolved independently, the fertilizers are uniformly mixed and then applied to the roots of the plants, and the fertilizers are applied for 1 time every 7 days and are applied for 4 times continuously. Calcium fertilizer is applied additionally in the fruit expanding period, 5 kilograms of calcium chloride is applied to each mu, and the calcium fertilizer is applied for 1 time every 7 days and is applied for 3-4 times continuously.
Example 2
The tomato fertilizing, root irrigation and pesticide application method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a land parcel: soil preparation and base fertilizer application. Applying 3-4 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, applying 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu and 10-15 kilograms of bacterial fertilizer (bacillus subtilis) per mu, uniformly mixing and spreading in soil, deep ploughing and harrowing, keeping the fertilizer uniformly mixed, leveling land and meeting the requirement of drip irrigation land blocks.
2) And topdressing in the seedling stage: in order to keep sufficient vegetative growth of tomatoes in the seedling stage, nitrogen fertilizer needs to be applied, 5 kilograms of urea is applied to each mu of tomatoes along with water one hour before dripping water stops, and the fertilizer is applied for 1 time every 7 days and twice continuously.
3) And the fertilizer is accurately proportioned: the movable fertilizing and pesticide applying device is used for fertilizing and pesticide applying, the specific operation method is that the amount of fertilizer or pesticide to be applied is added into an electric sprayer (20 liters), water is injected through a water inlet at a drip irrigation main pipe, and after fertilizer water is fully mixed, the periphery of the root of a plant is quickly sprayed through a water outlet (the joint of the electric sprayer and the main pipe).
4) And root disease control: in summer after 6-7 months, pathogenic bacteria can infect the roots and stems of the tomatoes along with the rise of temperature, the tomatoes are mainly used for preventing and treating root rot and stem rot, the mixture of the cuaminosulfate and the hymexazol is selected, 250 g of cuaminosulfate and 150 g of hymexazol are applied to the roots of every mu for preventing and treating fungi and bacterial diseases, and the drip irrigation is continuously carried out for 2 times, so that the tomato diseases can be effectively prevented and treated, and the plants are ensured to be healthy and strong.
5) And underground pest control: underground pests such as cutworms and wireworms are main pests in the seedling stage of tomatoes, and are prevented and treated by using 300-350 g chlorpyrifos for irrigating roots per mu.
6) And topdressing of roots: the flowering and fruiting period is an important period of tomato vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and nutrients need to be enhanced to ensure or improve yield and quality. The increased application of the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is an important link for ensuring the yield and the quality of fruits, 4 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 3 kg of urea and 4 kg of potassium sulfate are applied to the roots of the tomatoes after the fruits are bloomed and fructified, each fertilizer is dissolved separately, the fertilizers are uniformly mixed and then applied to the roots of the tomatoes for 1 time every 7 days and 4 times continuously. Calcium fertilizer is applied additionally in the fruit expanding period, 5 kilograms of calcium chloride is applied to each mu, and the calcium fertilizer is applied for 1 time every 7 days and is applied for 3-4 times continuously.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping understanding the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a fertilize dispensing device irritates root which characterized in that: including electric nebulizer, drip irrigation the hard tube, drip irrigation hose, three-way valve one, two three-way valves and end cap, the water inlet of three-way valve one is connected and is driped irrigation the person in charge, a delivery port of three-way valve one passes through drip irrigation the hard tube connection the water inlet of electric nebulizer, another delivery port of three-way valve one passes through the end cap shutoff, the delivery port of electric nebulizer passes through drip irrigation the hose connection the water inlet of two three-way valves, a delivery port connection of two three-way valves is driped irrigation the person in charge, another delivery port of two three-way valves passes through.
2. A method for irrigating roots, applying fertilizers and applying pesticides is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparation of a land parcel: soil preparation and base fertilizer application; applying decomposed organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer, mixing uniformly and spreading in soil, deep ploughing, harrowing and grinding to keep the fertilizer mixed uniformly and the land flat, and meeting the requirement of drip irrigation land;
step two, precise fertilizer proportioning: the fertilizer and pesticide applying device for root irrigation and fertilizer application is used for applying fertilizer and pesticide, and the specific operation method comprises the steps of adding the using amount of fertilizer or pesticide to be applied into an electric sprayer, injecting water through a water inlet at a main drip irrigation pipe, and conveying fertilizer water to the main drip irrigation pipe to quickly enter the periphery of the root of a plant after the fertilizer water is fully and uniformly mixed;
step three, topdressing in the seedling stage: in order to keep sufficient vegetative growth of the plants in the seedling stage, applying nitrogen fertilizer;
step four, root disease control: in summer after 6-7 months, root diseases occur sometimes along with the rise of temperature, and in order to avoid the harm of germs to the roots of plants, root irrigation and pesticide application are needed for prevention and control, cuaminosulfate or the mixture of the cuaminosulfate and hymexazol is selected to prevent and control fungus and bacterial diseases, and the plants are guaranteed to be healthy and strong;
step five, underground pest control: underground pests such as cutworms and wireworms are main pests in the seedling stage of plants, and are prevented and treated by irrigating roots with chlorpyrifos and applying pesticide;
step six, topdressing of roots: the flowering and fruiting period is an important period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth of plants, and nutrient supply needs to be enhanced to ensure or improve yield and quality; the increasing application of the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is an important link for ensuring the yield and the quality of fruits, 4 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 3 kg of urea and 4 kg of potassium sulfate are applied to the roots of the plants after the flowering and fruiting period, each fertilizer is dissolved independently, the fertilizers are uniformly mixed and then applied to the roots of the plants, and the fertilizers are applied for 1 time every 7 days and are applied for 4 times continuously; calcium fertilizer is applied additionally in the fruit expanding period, 5 kilograms of calcium chloride is applied to each mu, and the calcium fertilizer is applied for 1 time every 7 days and is applied for 3-4 times continuously.
3. The method for applying a fertilizer to a root as claimed in claim 2, wherein: applying 3-4 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu and 10-15 kilograms of bacterial manure per mu.
4. The method for applying a fertilizer to a root as claimed in claim 2, wherein: 300-350 g of chlorpyrifos is applied to each mu of irrigated roots.
5. The method for applying a fertilizer to a root as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and (3) applying the nitrogen fertilizer 1 hour before the root irrigation, the fertilizer application and the pesticide application are stopped, 5 kilograms of urea is applied to each mu along with water, and the application is carried out for 1 time every 7 days and 2 times continuously.
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