CN112335613B - Breeding method of cerasus albolabris egg jumping wasps and application of breeding method in prevention and control of cerasus albolabris - Google Patents
Breeding method of cerasus albolabris egg jumping wasps and application of breeding method in prevention and control of cerasus albolabris Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for artificially breeding Gekko Swinhonis egg jumping wasps and applying the Gekko Swinhonis egg jumping wasps to prevention and control in narrow Gekko Swinhonis forests. The method comprises the following steps: from Cera chinensis to Jiding (Agrilus planipennis) The eggs of the Chinese wax jed are used as hosts, and the female bees of the small jumping bees of the Chinese wax jed eggs are placed in the same space of the hosts; placing the mixture at the temperature of 22-28 ℃, the relative humidity of 55-75% and the photoperiod of 14-16L: 10-8D in a constant-temperature constant-humidity illumination incubator; finally collecting the emerged egg jumping wasps by using a finger-shaped tube. The invention can improve the bee breeding effect to the utmost extent on the premise of ensuring the stability of host specialization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an artificial breeding method of parasitic natural enemy insect of the moleplant crassipes egg jumping wasp and a technology for biological control of the moleplant crassipes egg by using the wasp.
Background
The trunk borers, as a serious agricultural and forestry pest, cause great damage to the agricultural and forestry ecosystems of various countries, and the cost for the prevention, control and management of the trunk borers is hundreds of millions. Wherein the narrow Jiding white wax belongs to Buprestidate of Coleoptera Germinidae of Coleoptera, and is a carious pest in China. In the early 60 s of the 20 th century, the insect was most prevalent in the northeast of China due to the introduction of Fraxinus americana, and gradually spread over the next 50 years. In recent years, the population quantity of narrow Jiding white wax is on the trend of rapid rise (Orlova-Bienkowskaja MJ, Volkovish MG. Are native ranges of the last destractive innovative peaks well known A case study of the native range of the iterative ash borer, Agrilus planipenni (Coleoptera: Burestidae), Biological investments, 2017.DOI:10.1007/s10530-017 1626-7), and the investigation shows that narrow Jiding white wax occurs in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Liaoning, Jilin, Black Longjiang and New Xinjiang, and most of the narrow Jiding white wax tends to be in disaster. Therefore, a safe, effective and durable prevention and control method is found for preventing and controlling the stem borers such as the white wax, the narrow gecko and the like.
However, the results of literature and data research show that the current domestic cases of white wax narrow-sized gerdins control technology mainly focus on chemical control and physicochemical trapping control, and the like, but few cases relate to the biological control method (Wangzuo, Yang loyalty, Gould JR, Weike, white wax narrow-sized gerdins (Coleoptera: Gettidae) which is considered to be the most effective and sustainable biological control research progress, China biological control bulletin 2015,31(5): 666-. Because the prevention and control method is not accurate and perfect enough, the existing white wax narrow Jiding has the risks of further spreading and diffusing to the middle and south parts besides serious occurrence in the north of China.
The small jumping wasp with white wax and narrow red wax eggs is a parasitic wasp which is found in northeast China and parasitizes the white wax and narrow red wax eggs, the wasp parthenogenesis, and the wasp has strong specificity on the host white wax and narrow red wax eggs. Under natural conditions, the product has certain resistance to adverse environment, and is a potential biological control natural enemy product which can be used for effectively controlling the stem borer fraxinus chinensis and chingtin in China. However, no breeding technique and method for the natural enemy insect is formed in China at present, and research work related to the breeding technique and method is few and is only involved in investigation. It may be smaller in eggs of narrow Jiding wax which is its host, and mainly distributed under the skin of the old cockles or in cracks of bark, and the samples are difficult to collect (Lujifang, research on key factors of natural population change of narrow Jiding wax, Master academic thesis of Chinese forestry science institute, 2012). Different from other parasitic wasps, the Cervus albus ovum jumping wasps have diapause characteristics (Bauer LS, Liu HP. Oobius agrilia (Hymentoptera encitridae)), a social group of parasitides of emerald Ash from China. Emerald Ash after And around African Long after And around And indoor storage time And the like in winter by using the diapause characteristics of the natural enemies are not involved in the current Research And are just the problems which need to be focused on by the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
At present, no raising technology and method aiming at the cerasus albuginea ootheca jumping wasp are formed in China, and research work related to the raising technology and method is few and is only involved in investigation. Different from other parasitic wasps, the problem to be solved by the invention is that how to adjust breeding conditions to avoid generating more diapause offspring to influence the quantity of breeding bees and the effect of releasing bees in forest and how to prolong the indoor storage time of the wasps in winter by using the diapause characteristics of the natural enemies is not involved in the current research. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for artificially breeding the cerasus albus ovum jumping wasps indoors and biologically controlling the cerasus albus ovum jumping wasps, and the cerasus albus ovum jumping wasps are better applied to the cerasus albus ovum jumping wasps control by artificially breeding and storing the cerasus albus ovum jumping wasps.
The invention provides a breeding method of Oobius agrilia, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) taking eggs of narrow Jiding (Agrilus planipennis) as hosts;
(2) placing female bees of the Scleroderma cerasus egg jumping wasps in the same space of the hosts;
(3) placing the mixture at the temperature of 22-28 ℃, the relative humidity of 55-75% and the photoperiod of 14-16L: in a 10-8D constant-temperature constant-humidity illumination incubator, removing the female bees 1-3 days later;
(4) continuously culturing by illumination, and gradually collecting the emerged ovum jumping bees for later use.
In one embodiment, in step (1), the egg paper collected with the white wax narrow gerbil eggs is cut into small pieces, each piece of egg paper contains 3-5 eggs, and the prepared egg paper pieces are carefully placed on the bottom of a 20ml finger tube.
In one embodiment, the specific operation of the step (2) is to cut the unused filter paper into strips, fold the strips, soak the strips with water, and place the filter paper blocks into the finger-shaped tubes close to the tube openings when no water overflows when the filter paper blocks are pressed, so as to increase the humidity in the tubes; dipping a small amount of honey by using an insect needle, coating the honey on the inner wall of the finger-shaped pipe, and then plugging the pipe orifice by absorbent cotton; slightly opening one side of the nozzle cotton plug, and carefully placing the female bees of the healthy and active Cervus elaphus Linnaeus eggs into the tube.
In a specific embodiment, the number ratio of the female wasps of the Cereus went to the Cereus went is 1-2: 2-4, preferably 1: 2.
In one embodiment, in the step (3), the finger-shaped tube is placed at a temperature of 25 ℃, a relative humidity of 65%, and a photoperiod of 15L: and (5) illuminating the incubator with constant temperature and humidity of 9D, and removing the female bees after 2 days.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: (5) and (3) low-temperature preservation, namely placing the indoor bred Gekko Candidus egg jumping wasps parasitized in the Gekko Candidus egg and host eggs together at the temperature of 5-10 ℃, at the relative humidity of 40-60% and at the photoperiod of 8-10L: 16-14D, preferably at 8 ℃, 50% relative humidity, 9L photoperiod: and storing in a 15D light incubator.
The invention also provides a method for preventing and treating narrow wax midges by utilizing adult wasps with the egg jumping function of the lucky pot, which is characterized by comprising the step of obtaining the egg jumping wasps with the egg jumping function of the lucky pot according to the breeding method and the step of laying the egg jumping wasps with the egg jumping function of the lucky pot in a forest to prevent and treat the narrow wax midges.
In a specific embodiment, selecting a white wax narrow-Giardia imago eclosion initial stage, taking out white wax Giardia egg jumping wasp imagoes collected in an early stage, and laying the white wax egg jumping wasp imagoes in a sun shading position of 1.5m or below the trunk of a damaged white wax tree; or taking out the low-temperature preserved Cereus went ovum jumping wasps in advance, preferably taking out in advance for 15 days, and placing at a temperature of 22-28 deg.C, relative humidity of 55-75%, and photoperiod of 14-16L: culturing in 10-8D constant temperature and humidity illumination incubator, collecting after emerging of adult bees, and placing in sun-shading position at 1.5m or below the trunk of the damaged Fraxinus chinensis. .
In a more specific embodiment, the Chinese wax moth egg jumping bee is distributed before 10 am on a sunny day with the temperature of lower than 20 ℃, the Chinese wax moth egg jumping bee is contained in a finger-shaped tube, the finger-shaped tube is placed at a sun shade of 1.5m below the trunk of a victim Chinese wax moth, and a cotton plug is taken out after the tube opening is fixed downwards.
In a preferred embodiment, the mouth density of the Ceriporia elaphus narrow in the Ceriporia elaphus forest is counted by adopting a random survey method before the Ceriporia elaphus adult is distributed, and then the Ceriporia elaphus narrow in the Ceripophus elaphus forest is released according to the Ceripophus elaphus ratio of 1: 1-3, preferably the Ceripophus elaphus ratio of 1: 2.
According to the invention, by researching the parasitic selection characteristics of the Scleroderma cerasus egg jumping wasps on various types of Scleroderma cerasus and longicorn eggs, the Cereus elaphus narrow Scleroderma egg is the most preferable host of the natural enemy; the method fully utilizes the characteristic of facultative diapause (diapause and non-diapause exist in parasitic wasps) of the cerasus albuginea roe, researches by setting multiple groups of warm light conditions, and defines the condition with highest efficiency for indoor breeding and storing the cerasus albuginea roe. Therefore, more non-diapause offspring can be induced before and after the adult stage of the narrow Jidinging white wax, and the release in forests is convenient; and for autumn and winter white wax narrow Jiding when entering the tree in a larval state, conditions are created to enable the small jumping bees to enter a diapause state, so that the phenomenon that non-diapause individuals die due to the fact that the non-diapause individuals do not have enough hosts to take food in advance is avoided, and more generations of offspring are generated more efficiently; the invention further researches and discovers that the temperature (not more than 20 ℃) of the natural enemy insects needs to be selected when the natural enemy insects are released in forests so as to ensure the parasitic activity of the natural enemy insects and exert the parasitic effect to the maximum extent. The method plays an important role in releasing the Scleroderma albolabris ovum in the field more efficiently and preventing and treating the Cervus albolabris more quickly and effectively.
Drawings
Fig. 1 parasitic wasp offspring parasitizing in the eggs of Ceratopteris flava.
Figure 2. Cereus elaphus larvae.
Fig. 3. Cera flava narrow Germin egg parasitized by Cera flava Germin egg jumping wasp.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below.
Example 1
(1) A host insect: the hosts were selected as: white wax narrow gerbil eggs, oak narrow gerbil eggs, apple small gerbil eggs, anoplophora glabripennis eggs, and Yunnan longicorn eggs, which are respectively marked as treatment 1-5 (other conditions are unchanged);
(2) and (4) parallel experiment setting, cutting the egg paper with the collected host eggs into small pieces, and enabling each piece of egg paper to contain 5 eggs. Carefully placing the prepared egg paper block into the bottom of a 20ml finger-shaped tube, and repeating each host for 10 times;
(3) cutting unused filter paper into strips, folding, soaking with water, putting the filter paper piece into the finger-shaped pipe when no water overflows when pressing the filter paper piece, and being close to the mouth of a pipe to increase the humidity in the pipe. Then dipping a small amount of honey with an insect needle, coating on the inner wall of the finger-shaped tube, and then plugging the tube opening with absorbent cotton. Slightly opening one side of the tube opening tampon, and carefully placing the female bees of the healthy and active Cereus lucidus egg jumping wasps into the tube. The number ratio of the female wasps of the Chinese wax Prod eger to the Chinese wax narrow Prod eger is 1: 2, namely 25 wasps are inoculated in each treatment;
(4) according to the culture conditions determined in the previous experiment, the finger-shaped tube is placed at a temperature of 25 ℃, a relative humidity of 65% and a photoperiod of 15L: in a 9D constant-temperature constant-humidity illumination incubator, the female bees are removed after 2 days, and the original tube is still placed in the original illumination incubator;
(5) observing the eclosion condition of the small wasps in the Gerberacillus leucatus in the incubator regularly every day, collecting the wasps in time, taking out the finger-shaped tubes for dissecting host eggs after 2 months, and counting the parasitic condition of the small wasps; wherein, as an example, fig. 1 shows parasitic bee offspring parasitized in Ceratopteris leucissus eggs, and fig. 2 shows Ceratopteris leucissus larvae.
The test is repeated three times, the parasitic rates of the egg jumping wasps are counted respectively, and statistical analysis is carried out, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 parasitic rates of Scutellaria Cerifera Oldham on different Giardia and longicorn
As can be seen from the above table, the treatment 1 is the best solution for raising the small egg-jumping bees of the white wax gilling (df is 4,10, F is 1087.266, and P is 0.0001), and from the experimental result, the repeatability is relatively stable, and the host specialization of the natural enemy can be fully ensured, so that the control effect on the white wax gilling is effectively improved.
Example 2
(1) The egg paper from which the narrow lucky butyl eggs were collected was cut into small pieces, and each piece of egg paper contained 5 eggs. Carefully placing the prepared egg paper block into the bottom of a 20ml finger-shaped tube, and repeating each host for 10 times;
(2) cutting unused filter paper into strips, folding, soaking with water, putting the filter paper piece into the finger-shaped pipe when no water overflows when pressing the filter paper piece, and being close to the mouth of a pipe to increase the humidity in the pipe. Then dipping a small amount of honey with an insect needle, coating on the inner wall of the finger-shaped tube, and then plugging the tube opening with absorbent cotton. Slightly opening one side of the tube opening tampon, and carefully placing the female bees of the healthy and active Cereus lucidus egg jumping wasps into the tube. The number ratio of the female wasps of the Chinese wax Prod eger to the Chinese wax narrow Prod eger is 1: 2, namely 25 wasps are inoculated in each treatment;
(3) parallel experiment setup: the finger tubes were placed in a photoperiod of 15L: 9D, 12L: 12D, 9L: 15D (respectively called treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3), in a constant-temperature constant-humidity illumination incubator with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65%, removing the female bees after 2 days, and still placing the original tube in the original illumination incubator;
(4) observing the eclosion condition of the cerasus albolabris in the incubator regularly every day, collecting bees in time, dissecting cerasus albolabris after 2 months, and counting the diapause rate of the cerasus albolabris.
The above test was repeated three times, and the diapause rate of the ovum jumping wasps was counted and statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 diapause rate of Cercidiphyllum giganteum Okamura in different photoperiods during indoor breeding
The one-way anova results showed that treatment 1, i.e., photoperiod, was 15L: and 9D, the indoor large-scale breeding of the cerasus albus ova-jumping vespids is most suitable, namely the diapause rate is lowest and the bee production amount is highest under the condition (df is 2,6, F is 428.025, and P is less than 0.0001). The indoor feeding condition selection of the invention is beneficial to obviously improving the breeding quantity and efficiency of the Cereus went ovibrio molitor, thereby effectively improving the control effect on Cereus went ovibrio.
Example 3
(1) And cutting the egg paper with the collected fraxinus platypoda narrow gerbil eggs into small pieces, so that each piece of egg paper contains 5 eggs. Carefully placing the prepared egg paper block at the bottom of a 20ml finger-shaped tube, and repeating each host for 10 times;
(2) cutting unused filter paper into strips, folding, soaking with water, putting the filter paper piece into the finger-shaped pipe when no water overflows when pressing the filter paper piece, and being close to the mouth of a pipe to increase the humidity in the pipe. Then dipping a small amount of honey with an insect needle, coating on the inner wall of the finger-shaped tube, and then plugging the tube opening with absorbent cotton. Slightly opening one side of the tube opening tampon, and carefully placing the female bees of the healthy and active Cereus lucidus egg jumping wasps into the tube. The number ratio of the female wasps of the Chinese red earwax eggs to the Chinese red earwax narrow eggs is 1: 2, namely 25 wasps are inoculated in each treatment;
(3) according to the culture conditions determined in the previous experiment, the finger tubes were placed in a photoperiod of 15L: 9D, irradiating the culture box with constant temperature and humidity at 25 ℃ and relative humidity of 65%, and removing the female bees after 2 days;
(4) parallel experiment setup: placing the finger-shaped tubes filled with white wax narrow gerbil eggs parasitized by egg jumping wasps in a light cycle of 9L: 15D, 12L: 12D, 15L: 9D (respectively called as treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3), taking out the eggs after 1 month in a light incubator with the temperature of 8 ℃ and the relative humidity of 65%, placing the eggs in the condition (3), observing and recording the development condition of the Oesophaga ovata, and counting the diapause rate;
the above test was repeated three times, and the results of the statistical analysis of the diapause rate of the ovum jumping wasps are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 diapause rates of Cereus flavus ovum jumping wasps under different photoperiods during low-temperature storage in autumn and winter
The one-way anova results showed that treatment 1, i.e., photoperiod, was 9L: and at 15D, the wasps albuginea bred in the room are optimally preserved, namely, the wasps albuginea have the highest diapause rate and the longest preservation time under the condition (df is 2,6, F is 231.201, and P is less than 0.0001). Therefore, the diapause characteristic of the ovum jumping wasps can be fully utilized, the wasps can more easily enter diapause under the selected low-temperature short-day condition, the storage time is greatly prolonged, and death caused by difficulty in finding hosts after emergence of non-diapause individuals in autumn and winter is avoided, so that the method has great significance for rapid large-scale bee breeding, bee releasing and the like.
Example 4
(1) According to the culture conditions determined by the early-stage test, breeding the cerasus albus ovum jumping wasps indoors and storing properly;
(2) parallel experiment setup: surveying the narrow Jiding density of the white wax in the white wax forest in advance, wherein the ratio of the insect to the bee is 1: and 2, preparing the egg jumping wasp into the adult wasp. In the initial stage of the emergence of the adult Chinese wax narrow-eared Chinese wax bugs, the required number of Chinese wax eared egg jumping wasps collected indoors are treated in advance from the conditions of 8 ℃, 9L: taking out from the 15D illumination incubator, respectively arranging at a sunshade position below 1.5m of the trunk of the damaged Fraxinus chinensis at 10 am in sunny days with forest temperature of 15 deg.C, 20 deg.C, 25 deg.C and 30 deg.C (respectively referred to as treatment 1, treatment 2, treatment 3 and treatment 4), fixing the pipe orifice downwards, and taking out the tampon. Each damaged white wax tree has 20 narrow white wax butts on average, the number of the inoculated bees is 40, and in each treatment, 10 trees are selected for test and bee releasing, the total number is 400;
(3) after 2 months of releasing the cerasus albolabris egg jumping bees in forests, randomly selecting part of damaged cerasus albolabris for investigation. Fig. 3 shows a photograph of narrow eggs of white wax that are parasitized by the small sea wasp. The number of narrow lucky blocks of the parasitic white wax is recorded, and the parasitic rate is calculated.
The above test was repeated three times, and the parasitic rates of the Odoichthys ovatus were counted and subjected to statistical analysis, and the results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 parasitism of Cervus elaphus Linnaeus on Cervus elaphus Linnaeus at different forest temperatures
The result of one-factor anova shows that the parasitic rates of the rhus chinensis egg jumping wasps at different temperatures in forests are remarkably different, and the natural enemy has a strong control effect on the narrow rhus chinensis on the fraxinus chinensis under the conditions of treatment 1 and treatment 2 (the temperature in the forests is lower than 20 ℃) (df is 3,8, F is 160.836, and P is less than 0.0001). Therefore, the present inventors have found that the temperature at the time of release is selected to maximize the parasitic effect of parasitic wasps when natural enemy insects are released in forests. The method plays an important role in guiding the wild to release the cerasus albolabris ova to jump the apis mellifera more efficiently and quickly and effectively prevent and treat the cerasus albolabris.
Claims (7)
1. A Chinese medicinal composition, BAIWANGJIDIHUAXIAOSHENGOobius agrili) The breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) white wax narrow Geding: (Agrilus planipennis) The egg of (a) is used as a host; cutting the collected egg paper of the fraxinus angustifolia eggs into small pieces, enabling each piece of egg paper to contain 3-5 eggs, and placing the prepared egg paper pieces at the bottom of a 20ml finger-shaped tube;
(2) placing female wasps of Cereus Elaphus cuneata in the same space of the host; wherein the number ratio of the female wasps of the Cereus went to the Cereus went is 1-2: 2-4; the specific operation comprises cutting unused filter paper into strips, folding, soaking with water, and placing the filter paper blocks into the finger-shaped tube near the tube mouth to increase the humidity in the tube when no water overflows when the filter paper blocks are pressed; dipping a small amount of honey by using an insect needle, coating the honey on the inner wall of the finger-shaped pipe, and plugging the pipe orifice by using absorbent cotton; slightly opening one side of the tube opening tampon, and carefully placing the female bees of the healthy and active Cervus elaphus bunge egg jumping wasps into the tube;
(3) placing the mixture at the temperature of 25 ℃, the relative humidity of 65 percent and the photoperiod of 14-16L: in a 10-8D constant-temperature constant-humidity illumination incubator, removing the female bees 1-3 days later;
(4) continuously performing illumination culture, and gradually collecting emerged ovum jumping bees for later use;
(5) and (4) low-temperature preservation: placing the small wasps with the white wax and the narrow gerbil eggs which are parasitized in the white wax and the small wasps with the host eggs at the temperature of 8 ℃, with the relative humidity of 50 percent and the photoperiod of 8-10L: storing in 16-14D light incubator.
2. The feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the number of female wasps of the Cereus went to the number of eggs of the Cereus went is 1: 2.
3. The feeding method as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the photoperiod is 15L: and (5) illuminating the incubator with constant temperature and humidity of 9D, and removing the female bees after 2 days.
4. A method for controlling narrow diced white beeswax by adult wasps with eggs of the lucky pot, which is characterized by comprising the steps of obtaining the wasps with eggs of the lucky pot according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, and laying the wasps with eggs of the lucky pot in a forest to control the narrow diced white beeswax;
the wax tree is distributed before 10 am on a sunny day with the temperature lower than 20 ℃, the wax tree cobra egg jumping wasps are arranged in a finger-shaped pipe, the finger-shaped pipe is placed at a sun-shading position 1.5m below the trunk of a damaged wax tree, and a cotton plug is taken away after the pipe orifice is downwards fixed.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the adult white wax beetles are selected to be in the initial stage of emergence, the adult white wax beetles collected in the early stage are taken out and distributed in a sun-shading place with the trunk of the victim white wax tree being 1.5m or below; or taking out the low-temperature preserved Gelidium candidum ovum jumping wasps 15 days in advance, and placing at the temperature of 22-28 ℃, the relative humidity of 55-75% and the light cycle of 14-16L: culturing in 10-8D constant temperature and humidity illumination incubator, collecting after emerging of adult bees, and placing in sun-shading position at 1.5m or below the trunk of the damaged Fraxinus chinensis.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the density of the narrow Giardia cerana cells in the Ceramium cerana forest is counted by a random survey method before the adult Ceramia cerana cells are distributed, and then the adult Ceramia cerana cells are released according to the Peel ratio of 1: 1-3.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the Cereus went on the Cereus went at a ratio of 1: 2.
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| David E. Jennings 等.Evaluating a New Method for Monitoring the Field Establishment and Parasitism of Oobius agrili (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), an Egg Parasitoid of Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae).《Florida Entomologist》.2014,第97卷(第3期),1263-1265. * |
| Effects of parental diapause status and release time on field reproductive biology of the introduced egg parasitoid, Oobius agrili (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in the Mid-Atlantic: Implications for biocontrol of the emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae);Devan George 等;《Biological Control》;20201031;第149卷;1-7 * |
| Evaluating a New Method for Monitoring the Field Establishment and Parasitism of Oobius agrili (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), an Egg Parasitoid of Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae);David E. Jennings 等;《Florida Entomologist》;20141231;第97卷(第3期);1263-1265 * |
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