CN112297421A - 一种利用微波辐照修复fdm 3d打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法 - Google Patents
一种利用微波辐照修复fdm 3d打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种利用微波辐照修复FDM 3D打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法，属于3D打印技术领域。本发明将吸波材料与3D打印材料通过熔融共混法，利用双螺杆挤出机造粒，再经过单螺杆挤出机挤出收卷得到3D打印线材。然后用3D打印机打印设计好的模型试样，对试样进行微波辐照处理。经微波处理后，由于吸波作用导致3D打印制品层与层之间粘接更加紧密，复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度比未微波的好。利用显微镜观察做完拉伸测试样品的断面形貌，经过微波辐照的制品层与层之间粘接较好，微波辐照改善了FDM 3D打印制品的界面缺陷。本发明提供的技术方案将大大解决熔融沉积打印件层与层之间粘结不紧，容易开裂、断裂等的问题，可广泛应用于3D打印技术领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于3D打印技术领域，具体涉及一种利用微波辐照修复FDM 3D打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法。
背景技术
自1986年，第一台3D打印机的问世，经过数十年的发展，3D打印技术已经逐渐贴近人们的生活。在各种3D打印技术中FDM熔融沉积技术由于其方便快捷、设备维护简单、操作简单且成本较低等优点，从而成为应用最为广、普及度最高的3D打印技术。
但FDM打印成型过程中，由于熔融沉积层与已成型层温度间距大，且用于打印的线材由于熔融后冷却收缩不均匀而产生内应力，都会使得打印制品层与层之间粘结力较弱，从而极易出现表面粗糙、变形翘曲等问题，研究FDM技术中出现的卷翘变形现象，解决制品层与层之间粘接强度较弱的问题则是其中关键。
发明内容
针对现有技术的情况和不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种利用微波辐照修复FDM3D打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法，将通过在3D打印制品中引入强吸波材料，运用微波辐照修复FDM技术打印制品层与层之间粘结较弱的问题，提高打印制品强度，为3D打印技术的性能优化提供理论和实验依据。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提出的技术方案是：利用微波辐照修复FDM3D打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将吸波材料与常见FDM 3D打印原料通过熔融共混法，利用双螺杆挤出机造粒，再经过单螺杆挤出机挤出收卷得到3D打印线材；
步骤2：用步骤1得到的混有吸波材料的3D打印线材打印出零件，得到3D打印零件；
步骤3：将步骤2得到零件微波处理。
所述的FDM 3D打印原料为ABS、PLA、HIPS、Nylon、TPE、TPU、TPR、PETG、PC中的任一种。
所述的吸波材料为石墨烯、碳纳米管、导电高分子，其中导电高分子包括聚苯胺、聚噻吩。
所述的3D打印速度为500-2000mm/min。
所述的微波的功率为500-2000W，微波的时间为20s-60min。
本发明有益效果是通过在3D打印制品中引入强吸波材料，经微波处理后，由于吸波作用导致3D打印制品层与层之间粘接更加紧密，复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度比未微波的好，利用显微镜观察做完拉伸测试样品的断面形貌，经过微波辐照的制品层与层之间粘接较好，微波辐照改善了FDM 3D打印制品的界面缺陷，解决熔融沉积打印件层与层之间粘结不紧，容易开裂、断裂等的问题，可广泛应用于3D打印技术领域。
附图说明
图1为微波处理对ABS/0.5％碳纳米管3D打印制品的影响显微镜图，其中(A)为未进行微波处理，(B)为微波300s后。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的发明是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例以ABS为打印材料，碳纳米管为吸波材料。
步骤1：利用双螺杆的共混条件将不同含量的碳纳米管(CNTs)与ABS利用双螺杆挤出机共混挤出造粒，最终制备不同比例的ABS/碳纳米管复合材料，同时通过单螺杆挤出机的挤出丝条件将ABS/碳纳米管复合材料挤出丝状并收卷用于3D打印；
步骤2：利用FDM技术3D打印机将ABS/碳纳米管复合材料丝材打印成测试样品，打印速度设为1000mm/min；
步骤3：将样品在1000W的微波炉中微波辐照不同时间。再通过测试微波后3D打印制品的拉伸强度、抗冲击强度，最后用显微镜观察打印制品的侧面。
表1不同微波时间对ABS/0.5％碳纳米管打印制品的机械性能的影响
图1为微波修复对ABS/0.5％碳纳米管3D打印制品的影响显微镜图。
经微波处理后，由于吸波作用导致3D打印制品层与层之间粘接更加紧密，复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度比未微波的好。利用显微镜观察做完拉伸测试样品的断面形貌，经过微波辐照的制品层与层之间粘接较好，微波辐照改善了FDM3D打印制品的界面缺陷。
实施例2
本实施例以ABS为打印材料，石墨烯为吸波材料：
步骤1：利用双螺杆的共混条件将不同含量的石墨烯与ABS利用双螺杆挤出机共混挤出造粒，最终制备不同比例的ABS/石墨烯复合材料，同时通过单螺杆挤出机的挤出丝条件将ABS/石墨烯复合材料挤出丝状并收卷用于3D打印；
步骤2：利用FDM技术3D打印机将ABS/石墨烯复合材料丝材打印成测试样品，打印速度设为1200mm/min；
步骤3：将样品在1000W的微波炉中微波辐照不同时间，再通过测试微波前后3D打印制品的拉伸强度、抗冲击强度，最后用显微镜观察打印制品的侧面。
实施例3
本实施例以PLA为打印材料，石墨烯为吸波材料：
步骤1：利用双螺杆的共混条件将不同含量的石墨烯与PLA利用双螺杆挤出机共混挤出造粒，最终制备不同比例的PLA/石墨烯复合材料，同时通过单螺杆挤出机的挤出丝条件将PLA/石墨烯复合材料挤出丝状并收卷用于3D打印；
步骤2：利用FDM技术3D打印机将PLA/石墨烯复合材料丝材打印成测试样品，打印速度设为1500mm/min；
步骤3：将样品在800W的微波炉中微波辐照不同时间，再通过测试微波前后3D打印制品的拉伸强度、抗冲击强度，最后用显微镜观察打印制品的侧面。
实施例4
本实施例以PLA为打印材料，碳纳米管为吸波材料：
步骤1：利用双螺杆的共混条件将不同含量的碳纳米管与PLA利用双螺杆挤出机共混挤出造粒，最终制备不同比例的PLA/碳纳米管复合材料，同时通过单螺杆挤出机的挤出丝条件将PLA/碳纳米管复合材料挤出丝状并收卷用于3D打印；
步骤2：利用FDM技术3D打印机将PLA/碳纳米管复合材料丝材打印成测试样品，打印速度设为1500mm/min；
步骤3：将样品在1000W的微波炉中微波辐照不同时间，再通过测试微波前后3D打印制品的拉伸强度、抗冲击强度，最后用显微镜观察打印制品的侧面。
对比例
本实施例以ABS为打印材料，碳纳米管为吸波材料。
步骤1：利用双螺杆的共混条件将不同含量的碳纳米管(CNTs)与ABS利用双螺杆挤出机共混挤出造粒，最终制备不同比例的ABS/碳纳米管复合材料。同时通过单螺杆挤出机的挤出丝条件将ABS/碳纳米管复合材料挤出丝状并收卷用于3D打印；
步骤2：利用FDM技术3D打印机将ABS/碳纳米管复合材料丝材打印成测试样品，打印速度设为1000mm/min。
对比例1的显微镜图见图1(A)。
Claims (6)
1.一种利用微波辐照修复FDM 3D打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将吸波材料与FDM 3D打印原料通过熔融共混法，利用双螺杆挤出机造粒，再经过单螺杆挤出机挤出收卷得到3D打印线材；
步骤2：用步骤1得到的混有吸波材料的3D打印线材打印出零件，得到3D打印零件；
步骤3：将步骤2得到零件进行微波处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用微波辐照修复FDM 3D打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法，其特征在于：所述的FDM 3D打印原料为ABS、PLA、HIPS、Nylon、TPE、TPU、TPR、PETG、PC中的任一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用微波辐照修复FDM 3D打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法，其特征在于：所述的吸波材料为石墨烯、碳纳米管、纳米炭黑、导电高分子中的任一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种利用微波辐照修复FDM 3D打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法，其特征在于：所述的导电高分子为聚苯胺或聚噻吩。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用微波辐照修复FDM 3D打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法，其特征在于：3D打印速度为500-2000 mm/min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用微波辐照修复FDM 3D打印制品层与层之间粘接强度的方法，其特征在于：所述的微波处理的功率为500-2000W，微波处理的时间为20s-60min。
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| DE10356193A1 (de) * | 2003-03-15 | 2004-09-23 | Degussa Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Objekten mittels Mikrowellenstrahlung |
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| DE10356193A1 (de) * | 2003-03-15 | 2004-09-23 | Degussa Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Objekten mittels Mikrowellenstrahlung |
| JP2015133416A (ja) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-23 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | 電磁波吸収体及びその製造方法 |
| CN104559088A (zh) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-04-29 | 上海材料研究所 | 一种适用于3d打印的改性复合材料及其制备方法 |
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| CN106042374A (zh) * | 2015-12-27 | 2016-10-26 | 南京新月材料科技有限公司 | 一种解决熔融沉积3d打印强度的方法 |
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| CN114619666A (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-06-14 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种基于fdm打印技术制备隔离结构多功能材料的方法 |
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