CN112293316B - Artificial large-scale hatching method and system for Tibet double-whisker spiraea sinensis roes - Google Patents
Artificial large-scale hatching method and system for Tibet double-whisker spiraea sinensis roes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial large-scale hatching method for Tibet double-whisker leaf-whisker fish eggs, which is characterized in that fertilized eggs are placed in a hatching frame for hatching with flowing water before the embryo formation period of the fertilized eggs; and after the fertilized eggs develop to the embryo pause forming stage, removing dead eggs, and transferring the fertilized eggs into an incubator for incubation. The hatching method has high survival rate of the hatched fish eggs and high production efficiency, and can be used for large-scale production in Tibet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish culture, and particularly relates to an artificial large-scale hatching method for Tibet double-whisker spiraea bifidus roes.
Background
The bicuspid Leptospira (Ptychobarbus dippogon Regan) is a carp cold water fish specially produced in the midstream of Yalu Tibetan Bujiang, is not only an excellent scientific research material for researching the phylogeny, geological transition, life evolution and extreme environment adaptation mechanism of carps, but also is a rare economic fish in a distribution area, and has high breeding and development values. Under the selection pressure of local severe aquatic ecological environment, the Leptospira bifidus gradually evolves to K-selective type fishes, and has ecological countermeasures such as long service life, slow growth, large sexual maturity age, low egg laying amount and the like. The ecological countermeasures enable the population structure to be stable generally and have strong anti-interference capability, but once the external interference factors exceed the self-regulation capability of the population, the population resource amount is rapidly exhausted and difficult to recover. The Yaluzang Bujiang midstream branch is an area with frequent activities of human beings, is convenient to transport, has more cities and towns, and is developed in agriculture. In the last two decades, human activities have led to the drastic decline of the bicuspid whisker resources, species survival is greatly threatened, and in 2016, the bicuspid whisker is listed in the red record of Chinese vertebrates, so that the development of the resource protection of the bicuspid whisker is imperative.
A large amount of fertilized eggs of the Leptospira dichotoma are found to die due to physical vibration in the early stage in production, the existing incubation mode is that the fertilized eggs are incubated in an incubation frame in still water or microflow water, and the incubation mode has the problems of large occupied area, easy oxygen deficiency and death, water mold breeding, huge workload when dead eggs are picked and the like. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the hatching method of fertilized eggs of Leptospira bicolor to improve the production efficiency.
The invention patent CN201910948279.9 discloses a hatching method for fertilized eggs of Lasa schizothorax biddle, which comprises the steps of placing the fertilized eggs in a hatching frame and hatching in running water from the fertilized eggs to the birth period of muscle nodes; and after the fertilized eggs develop to the appearance period of muscle nodes, removing dead eggs, and transferring the fertilized eggs into a fish egg incubator for incubation. The hatching method selects the time point of transfer hatching which is not suitable for the double-beard leaf beard fish; the water flow rate of the incubator is not easy to control, the flow rate is high, and the fish egg mortality rate for hatching the double-whisker-leaf-whisker fish eggs is high; the water flow speed in the device is unstable, and the up-and-down rolling effect is poor; roes easily overflow from the water outlet along the water flow.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the hatching of fertilized eggs of the amphifilial flovorus in a hatching frame, the invention provides an artificial large-scale hatching method of Tibet amphifilial flovorus eggs. The hatching method has high survival rate of the hatched fish eggs and high production efficiency, and can be used for large-scale production in Tibet.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an artificial large-scale hatching method for Tibet double-whisker leaf-whisker fish eggs comprises placing fertilized eggs of the double-whisker leaf-whisker fish in a hatching frame for hatching with flowing water before the embryonic development period of the fertilized eggs; and after the fertilized eggs develop to the embryo pause forming stage, removing dead eggs, and transferring the fertilized eggs into an incubator for incubation.
In the invention, in the breeding production of Tibet double-whisker beard fish, the phenomenon that fertilized eggs of the double-whisker beard fish are sensitive to water flow is found. The fish egg incubator is directly adopted for incubation, and overflowing water flow can cause fertilized eggs to roll up and down, so that the fertilized eggs die. The study indicates that the shock resistance of the fertilized eggs of the bicuspid spiraea after the embryo pause formation period is obviously enhanced, the survival rate equivalent to that of a calm water body can be still maintained in a flowing water body, and the fish eggs can be transferred into a fish egg incubator from an incubation frame at the moment, so that the incubation space is effectively saved, the incubation turnover speed of the fertilized eggs is accelerated, and the labor input is reduced.
The embryo pause forming period refers to 108 hours from the fertilized egg obtaining at the water temperature of 12 ℃.
In the whole hatching process, the hatching time of the hatching frame is 35%, and the hatching time of the incubator is 65%.
The incubator comprises the following steps:
A. an external water source enters the incubator to keep continuously feeding water;
B. putting the eggs of the two-whisker-leaf-whisker-fish into an incubator for incubation after the eggs enter a embryo pause formation stage, and rolling fertilized eggs up and down in the incubator;
C. the egg membrane and the dead eggs float on the water surface after the fry emergence and are discharged from an overflow port at the upper part of the fish egg incubator along the water flow;
D. and taking out the fish egg incubator, and pouring the fries at the bottom of the incubator into a fry rearing pond to finish the collection of the fries.
Preferably, the water flow rate of the incubator is 0.1-0.157 m/s. The fish eggs can be rolled up and down and are not overlapped at the bottom of the incubator, and meanwhile, the incubation of the fish eggs can not be influenced due to vibration, so that the fish eggs can be incubated in the incubator, the membrane yield is high, and the distortion rate is low.
Preferably, the hatching density of the incubator is 0.3-0.4 ten thousand grains per liter of water; the water body in the incubator is exchanged for 3-5 times every 1 min. The fish eggs are ensured to have enough space and clean water, and simultaneously, the requirement of large-scale hatching is met.
The invention also provides an artificial large-scale hatching system for Tibet double-whisker-leaf-whisker fish eggs, which comprises a production bracket and the incubator, wherein the production bracket is arranged on the inclined ground, and a water outlet is formed in the lower side of the ground; a plurality of rows of hatchers are placed on the production support, and a water outlet pipe with a valve is arranged above each hatcher; the incubator comprises an incubation barrel, an overflow groove, a diversion groove and a water inlet pipe, wherein the water inlet end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the corresponding water outlet pipe, the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe is inserted from the top opening of the incubation barrel, the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe is close to the bottom of the incubation barrel, the outer side wall of the upper end of the incubation barrel is surrounded with the overflow groove, the top end of the incubation barrel is higher than the side wall of the overflow groove, the side wall of the overflow groove is provided with an overflow gap, the overflow gap is connected with one end of the diversion groove, the other end of the diversion groove is a water outlet and is inclined downwards, and the bottom of the incubation barrel is a circular arc bottom surface.
Preferably, a radial support plate is arranged at the upper part in the hatching barrel, an opening through which the water inlet pipe can penetrate is formed in the center of the support plate, and a cavity for water to overflow is formed around the opening. The water inlet pipe is conveniently fixed in the hatching barrel.
Preferably, a plurality of blades are uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe in the circumferential direction, and the tail ends of the blades can just abut against the arc-shaped bottom surface of the hatching barrel. So that the water inlet pipe cannot sway left and right in the hatching barrel.
Preferably, the distance between the water outlet of the water inlet pipe and the bottom surface of the hatching barrel is 3mm, the diameter of the eggs is 3-4 mm, and due to accidents such as power failure, water of the incubator can flow back, and the fish eggs cannot flow back out of the incubator along the water inlet pipe.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the water inlet pipe is 2.0-3.0cm, the inner diameter of the hatching barrel is 16cm, and the height of the hatching barrel is 46 cm. The pipe diameter can conveniently control the water flow velocity, and simultaneously control the inner diameter and the height of the hatching barrel, so that the water body in the hatching barrel can integrally roll under the reflection action of the water column at the bottom of the barrel under the set flow velocity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method combines the characteristic of the fertilized egg sensitive period of the Leptospira bifidus, the hatching frame is hatched before the embryo pause forming period, and the cylindrical overflow type hatching device is hatched after the embryo pause forming period. The method is suitable for large-scale artificial propagation of the double-whisker-leaf beard fish, effectively saves the hatching space and effectively reduces the labor input on the premise of ensuring the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs.
2. Because the oosperms of the double-whisker-leaf beard fish are sinking eggs, the incubator is designed to be water inlet from top to bottom, the water flow collides with the arc-shaped bottom surface of the incubation barrel under the action of gravity, the water column is reflected back to form water flow from bottom to top, the water flow speed is stable, the oosperms can be kept to uniformly roll up and down, and the bottom surface of the arc-shaped bottom surface has no dead angle and can not cause the accumulation of the oosperms at the bottom to cause the death of the oosperms.
3. The method combines the characteristic of the fertilized egg sensitive period of the Leptospira dichotoma, ensures that the fish eggs can be kept rolling on the upper part of the hatching barrel by adjusting the water flow speed of the cylindrical incubator to be 0.1-0.157m/s, places the Leptospira dichotoma eggs in the cylindrical incubator after the embryo pause formation period for hatching, cannot influence the hatching of the fish eggs due to vibration, fully saves the hatching space on the premise of ensuring the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs, effectively reduces the labor input, and is suitable for large-scale artificial propagation of the Leptospira dichotoma.
4. The fish egg incubator has the advantages that the occupied area is small, and the number of fertilized eggs capable of being incubated in unit area is greatly increased; after the fertilized eggs die, the fish eggs turn white, the density becomes small, and the fish eggs can flow out from an overflow port at the upper end of the incubator along with water flow, so that the dead eggs do not need to be removed, and a large amount of manpower and financial resources are saved.
5. The hatching system arranges the production support on the inclined ground, and the water overflowing from the incubator is directly discharged to the ground and is discharged from the water outlet, so that the operation is convenient, and the ground is not provided with a large amount of water. The top end of the hatching barrel is provided with an annular overflow groove, and running water gushes out from the top end of the hatching barrel, enters the annular overflow groove, flows to the ground through the diversion groove and is discharged from the water outlet. Because the fish eggs are not easy to gush out along with the overflow due to the upward gushing resistance, the annular overflow groove is arranged to keep the outside of the hatching barrel clean, the top of the hatching barrel is higher than the overflow groove, and the water flowing out of the overflow groove is ensured not to flow back into the hatching barrel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-row incubator of the hatching system for the eggs of Tibet bicuspid Leptospira.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the Tibet Leptospira hatcher of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the Tibet Leptospira hatcher of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the percent of fertilized eggs of the two-whisker-leaf-whisker fish dead under continuous vibration in different developmental stages.
The labels in the figure are: 1. a ground surface; 2. producing a bracket; 3. an incubator; 4. a water outlet pipe; 31. an incubation barrel; 32. a water inlet pipe; 33. an overflow tank; 34. a diversion trench; 35. a support plate; 36. a blade; 351. opening a hole; 352. a void.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly and specifically illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described by the following embodiments. The following examples are intended to illustrate the practice of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
An artificial large-scale hatching method for Tibet double-whisker leaf-whisker fish eggs comprises placing fertilized eggs of the double-whisker leaf-whisker fish in a hatching frame for hatching with flowing water before the embryonic development period of the fertilized eggs; and after the fertilized eggs develop to the embryo pause forming stage, removing dead eggs, and transferring the fertilized eggs into an incubator for incubation.
Example 2
This example is based on example 1:
the embryo pause forming period refers to the water temperature of 12 ℃, and 108 hours are counted from the fertilized egg obtaining period.
During the whole hatching process, the hatching frame accounts for 35% of the time, and the incubator accounts for 65% of the time.
Example 3
This example is based on example 1:
the incubator comprises the following steps:
A. an external water source enters the incubator to keep continuously feeding water;
B. putting the eggs of the two-whisker-leaf-whisker-shaped fish into an incubator for incubation after the eggs enter a embryo pause formation stage, and rolling fertilized eggs up and down in the incubator;
C. the egg membrane and the dead eggs float on the water surface after the fry emergence and are discharged from an overflow port at the upper part of the fish egg incubator along the water flow;
D. and taking out the fish egg incubator, and pouring the fries at the bottom of the incubator into a fry rearing pond to finish the collection of the fries.
Example 4
This example is based on example 3:
the water flow rate of the incubator is 0.1 m/s. Ensuring the whole water body to roll up and down.
The hatching density of the incubator is 0.3 ten thousand grains per liter of water; the water in the incubator is exchanged for 3 times every 1 min.
Example 5
This example is based on example 3:
the water flow rate of the incubator is 0.157 m/s.
The hatching density of the incubator is 0.4 ten thousand grains per liter of water; the water body in the incubator is exchanged for 5 times every 1 min.
Example 6
This example is based on example 3:
the water flow rate of the incubator is 0.12 m/s.
The hatching density of the incubator is 0.35 ten thousand grains per liter of water; the water body in the incubator is exchanged for 4 times every 1 min.
The water source of the incubator is aerated well water, the dissolved oxygen is 8-9mg/L, the water temperature is 12.0-16.0 ℃, and the pH value is 7.5-8.5.
Before the germ period of the fertilized eggs, the fertilized eggs are placed in a hatching frame and hatched in flowing water. The hatching frame is a wooden frame with a net surface stretched on the bottom surface, and the diameter of the net hole is 1.5 mm. Placing the hatching frame in a parallel groove, pumping aerated well water from one end of the parallel groove, and flatly paving fertilized eggs in the hatching frame; the flow rate of water in the parallel groove is 0.01-0.02m/s, the dissolved oxygen is 8-9mg/L, the water temperature is 12.0-16.0 ℃, and the pH value is 7.5-8.5. During the hatching process of the hatching frame, the roes are gently stirred for 1 time every 8 hours.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the artificial scale hatching system for the eggs of Tibet double-wisker fish comprises a production support 2 and an incubator 3, wherein the production support 2 is arranged on an inclined ground 1, and a water outlet is arranged at the lower side of the ground 1; a plurality of rows of hatchers 3 are arranged on the production support 2, and a water outlet pipe 4 with a valve is arranged above each hatcher 3; the incubator 3 comprises an incubation barrel 31, an overflow groove 33, a diversion groove 34 and a water inlet pipe 32, wherein the water inlet end of the water inlet pipe 32 is connected with the corresponding water outlet pipe 4, the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 32 is inserted from the top opening of the incubation barrel 31, the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe is close to the bottom of the incubation barrel 31, the outer side wall of the upper end of the incubation barrel 31 is surrounded by the overflow groove 33, the top end of the incubation barrel 31 is higher than the side wall of the overflow groove 33, the side wall of the overflow groove 33 is provided with an overflow port, the overflow port is connected with one end of the diversion groove 34, the other end of the diversion groove 34 is provided with a water outlet and is inclined downwards, and the bottom of the incubation barrel 31 is a circular arc-shaped bottom surface.
Example 8
This example is based on example 7:
the upper part of the hatching barrel 31 is provided with a radial support plate 35, the center of the support plate 35 is provided with an opening 351 for the water inlet pipe 32 to penetrate, and the periphery of the opening 351 is provided with a cavity 352 for overflowing water.
A plurality of blades 36 are uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 32 in the circumferential direction, and the tail ends of the blades 36 can just abut against the circular arc-shaped bottom surface of the hatching barrel 31.
Example 9
This example is based on example 7:
the inner diameter of the water inlet pipe 32 is 2.0-3.0cm, and the distance between the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 32 and the bottom surface of the hatching barrel is 3 m; the inner diameter of the hatching barrel is 16cm, and the height of the hatching barrel is 46 cm.
At present, the method for researching the sensitive period of fish fertilized eggs includes physical stimulation such as ultrasonic waves, magnetic fields, electricity and the like, but the influence of physical vibration on the fertilized eggs is rarely researched. In the production, the invention discovers that the fertilized eggs of Tibet bicuspid beard fish easily die in a large amount due to physical shock in the early stage, and the problems of large occupied area, easy oxygen deficiency and death, water mold breeding, huge workload when dead eggs are picked and the like exist in the conventional incubation frame for incubation by still water or microflow water. Therefore, it is urgently needed to find the sensitive period of the fertilized eggs of Tibet bicuspids and improve the hatching mode so as to improve the production efficiency.
Vibration experiment
In the experiment, fertilized eggs of 2-tailed two-whisker beard fish (the fertilization rates are 93.41% and 90.18%) bred in the same batch are taken as experimental objects, and are continuously vibrated in constant-temperature water bath oscillating boxes of 50r/min and 100r/min in each development period, so that the sensitivity of the fertilized eggs of the two-whisker beard fish to vibration is researched. Three fish fertilized eggs with good, common and poor fertilized egg quality (the fertilized rates of the fertilized eggs in the parallel groove hatching mode are 92.79%, 78.43% and 61.24% respectively), which are hereinafter recorded as the fertilized rates of 92.79%, 78.43% and 61.24% are used for hatching mode experiments, the fertilized eggs are evenly divided into 2 parts, the fertilized eggs are hatched in two hatchers (the hatchers of the invention) of the parallel groove hatchers and the cylindrical hatchers (the hatchers of the invention) (the common hatching modes of non-viscous and sinking eggs), the hatchability and the teraticity rate of the two modes are counted, and the effects of the two hatching modes are compared.
1 materials and methods
1.1 materials
In 3 months of 2020, the eggs of the double-whisker-leaf fish are taken from the breeding base (sinking eggs and non-sticky eggs) of schizothorax elegans, Yalutiba Bujiang river, the institute of aquatic science and research of the academy of agriculture and animal husbandry, autonomous Tibet, 6 fish eggs are mixed, the average part is 2 parts, 1.6 and 1.8 ten thousand eggs respectively, the fertility rate is 93.41 percent and 90.18 percent respectively, and the fish eggs are incubated in an incubation frame. Another 6 fish eggs are mixed two by two, 0.6, 0.7 and 0.6 ten thousand fish eggs are respectively taken, the fertilization rates are 92.79 percent, 78.43 percent and 61.24 percent respectively, and the two hatching mode experiments are used. And calculating the number of live eggs of the fertilized eggs in the middle stage of egg primitive intestines in a row-trough hatching mode.
1.2 methods
Hatching the fertilized eggs in a hatching tray (49cm, 35cm in width, 3.5cm in height), placing the hatching tray in a horizontal groove with the length of 2.87, the width of 0.5m, the depth of 25cm, the water flow rate of the horizontal groove is 0.01-0.02m/s, the water exchange amount is 3 times/h, the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 8mg/L, and the water temperature is (12.0 +/-0.5) DEG C. From insemination to film formation, 240 roes were randomly selected from 93.41% and 90.18% of two groups of roes at each development period, and the roes were divided into 2 groups on average. Placing the fertilized eggs inA water bath constant temperature oscillator (SHZ-A) for oscillation, determining the oscillation frequency to be 50r/min and 100r/min (the number of blank dead eggs is low, 150 r/min full death) throughA pre-test, converting the oscillation frequency into the water flow rate to be 0.157 and 0.314m/s, and counting the number of dead fertilized eggs until the next development period underA dissecting mirror (Nikon ZM 18); the group 1 is a control group, the hatching is continued in a hatching tray with the length of the parallel groove of 21 cm, the width of 7 cm and the height of 4 cm, and the number of dead eggs is counted after the next period of development.
Fish egg hatching mode: fertilized eggs (0.6, 0.7, 0.6 ten thousand) having fertilization rates of 92.79%, 78.43% and 61.24% were equally divided into 2 parts (by volume) and incubated in a horizontal cell and a cylindrical incubator, respectively. The flow speed of the slightly flowing water in the hatching tray is (0.013 +/-0.001) m/s. The hatching density of 3 fish fertilized eggs is 1.75 grains/square centimeter, 2.04 grains/square centimeter and 1.75 grains/square centimeter respectively. Dead eggs were manually detected daily and recorded. The inner diameter of the cylindrical incubator is 16cm, the height of the cylindrical incubator is 46cm, the water body is exchanged for 3 times every 1min, and the water flow rate is 0.155 +/-0.012 m/s.
1.3 calculation formula
Fertilization rate/% =100 × number of live eggs/total eggs at midgerm cell stage in flat row groove hatching manner
Dead egg rate/% =100 x dead egg number/total egg number hatched
Film-forming rate/% =100 times number of film-forming fish/total number of eggs
Fry aberration rate/= 100 x malformed fry number/total fry number
1.4 statistical methods
The experimental result adopts Excel2010 to carry out data entry, preliminary statistics and mapping; one-way ANOVA in Spss 19.0 statistical software is adopted to carry out one-way analysis of variance, if the difference is obvious, Duncan's are adopted to carry out multiple comparisons, and the obvious difference level is P < 0.05.
2 results
2.1 mortality rate of roe of Leptospira bifasciata in different development periods under continuous vibration of 50r/min and 100r/min
The mortality rate of the eggs of the two-whisker-leaf beard fish in different development periods under the continuous vibration of 100r/min and 150 r/min is shown in the table 1 and the figure 4. The blank group has the highest death rate in the tail vesicle emergence stage, and the death rate is not obviously different from the death rate in the 16 cell stage, the eye base emergence stage and the auditory cyst emergence stage (p is more than 0.05) and is obviously higher than that in the rest development stages (p is less than 0.05). The mortality rate of the group of 50r/min is the highest in the midgut, and the difference between the midgut and the blastocyst in the later stage of the blastocyst, the early stage of the protogut, the late stage of the protogut, the closing stage of the blastocoel and the emergence stage of the tail vesicle is not significant (p is more than 0.05), and is significantly higher than that in the other development stages (p is less than 0.05). The net mortality rate of the 50r/min group is the highest in the middle stage of prointestine, and has no significant difference (p is more than 0.05) with the late stage of blastocyst, the early stage of prointestine and the late stage of prointestine, and is significantly higher than that of the rest development stages (p is less than 0.05). The mortality rate of the 100r/min group is the highest in the midgut, and is obviously higher than that of the rest developmental period (p is less than 0.05). The net mortality rate in the 100r/min group is the highest in the midgut, and is obviously higher than that in the rest development period (p is less than 0.05); the second is the tail bleb emergence phase, significantly lower than the midgut phase (p <0.05) and significantly higher than the rest of the developmental period (p < 0.05).
The net mortality rates in the 50r/min group (converted to water flow rate of 0.157 m/s) were all low after the embryogenesis phase and the differences were not significant (p > 0.05). The eggs of the double-beard fish are hatched in a cylindrical incubator after the embryo pause forming period, the cylindrical incubator needs to ensure that the water flow rate is lower than 0.157m/s, and the eggs can roll up and down without being overlapped at the bottom of the incubator. Hatching in a parallel groove before the egg embryo formation period of the Leptospira bifasciata, wherein the hatching time is 108.41 hours, which accounts for 34.91 percent of the total hatching time; incubation in a cylindrical incubator after the embryon formation phase took 202.15h, representing 65.09% of the total incubation time.
TABLE 1 mortality rate of fertilized eggs of Leptospira bifidus in different developmental stages under continuous shaking
Note: 1) the same column in the table is marked with the same lower case letters or no letters to show different differences (P>0.05), different lower case letters indicate significant differences: (P<0.05); 2) "-" indicates no dead eggs or too long dead eggs, and no cause of death was seen under the dissecting mirror.
2.2 comparison of oosperm membrane emergence rate and teratogenesis rate of oosperm of Leptospira bifidus in cylindrical incubator and incubation tray
The oosperm membrane emergence rate and the deformity rate of oosperm of the two-tassel spiraea bifida hatching fish in the cylindrical hatcher and the parallel groove are shown in the table 2. The survival rate of fish eggs in the cylindrical incubator is obviously lower than that in the parallel groove (P <0.05) from the fertilized egg to the embryo pause forming period. After the embryo is formed and the membrane is discharged, the membrane discharging rate of the fertilized egg fry in the cylindrical incubator is not obvious (P is more than 0.05) compared with that of the flat groove, and the abnormal shape rate of the fry in the cylindrical incubator is not obvious (P is more than 0.05) compared with that of the flat groove.
TABLE 2 cylindrical hatching apparatus for fertilized eggs of Lasa schizothorax fish and hatching tray for fish egg survival rate, membrane yield and deformity rate
The experimental results show that: the death rate of the tail vacuole in the appearance period of the continuous vibration blank group is the highest, and the difference between the tail vacuole in the appearance period of the tail vacuole in the 16-cell period, the eye base appearance period and the auditory cyst appearance period is not obvious and is obviously higher than that in the rest development periods. The net mortality rate of the 50r/min group is the highest in the middle stage of prointestine, and the difference between the net mortality rate of the group and the middle stage of prointestine is not obvious in the same blastocyst late stage, the early stage of prointestine and the late stage of prointestine, and is obviously higher than that of the rest development stages. The net mortality rate in the 100r/min group is the highest in the midgut, which is significantly higher than that in the rest developmental stages. Hatching the aegilops bicolor in a parallel groove before the egg embryo formation period, wherein the hatching time is 108.41 hours, and the total hatching time is 34.91 percent; incubation in a cylindrical incubator after the embryon formation phase took 202.15h, representing 65.09% of the total incubation time. The survival rate of the fish eggs in the cylindrical incubator is obviously lower than that in the parallel groove before the oosperms of the two-tassel fish eggs are formed from the fertilized eggs to the embryo pause. After the embryo is formed and the membrane is discharged, the membrane discharging rate of the fertilized egg fry in the cylindrical incubator is not obviously different from that of the fertilized egg fry in the parallel groove, and the fry distortion rate in the cylindrical incubator is not obviously different from that in the parallel groove. Thus, the net mortality at 50r/min (converted to water flow rate of 0.157 m/s) was low after the embryogenesis period and was not significantly different from that of the in-line cells. The eggs of the two-whisker-leaf beard fish can be incubated in a cylindrical incubator after the embryo pause forming period, the cylindrical incubator needs to ensure that the water flow rate is 0.1-0.157m/s, and the eggs can roll up and down without being overlapped at the bottom of the incubator.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An artificial large-scale hatching method for Tibet double-whisker leaf-whisker fish eggs is characterized in that fertilized eggs of the double-whisker leaf-whisker fish are placed in a hatching frame for hatching with flowing water before the germ period of the fertilized eggs; after the fertilized eggs develop to the embryonic period, dead eggs are removed, and the fertilized eggs are transferred into an incubator for incubation;
the incubator comprises the following steps:
A. an external water source enters the incubator to keep continuously feeding water;
B. putting the eggs of the two-whisker-leaf-whisker-shaped fish into an incubator for incubation after the eggs enter a embryo pause formation stage, and rolling fertilized eggs up and down in the incubator;
C. the egg membrane and the dead eggs float on the water surface after the fry emergence and are discharged from an overflow port at the upper part of the fish egg incubator along the water flow;
D. taking out the fish egg incubator, and pouring the fries at the bottom of the incubator into a fry rearing pond to finish the collection of the fries;
the embryo pause forming period refers to 108 hours from the fertilized egg obtaining at the water temperature of 12 ℃;
the hatching system comprises a production bracket and the incubator, wherein the production bracket is arranged on an inclined ground, and a water outlet is arranged at the lower side of the ground; a plurality of rows of hatchers are placed on the production support, and a water outlet pipe with a valve is arranged above each hatcher; the incubator includes hatching bucket, overflow tank, guiding gutter and inlet tube, the end connection of intaking of inlet tube corresponds the outlet pipe, and the water outlet end of inlet tube inserts from the open-top of hatching bucket and the delivery port is close to the bottom of hatching bucket, the upper end lateral wall of hatching bucket has in the surrounding of overflow tank, the top of hatching bucket is higher than the lateral wall of overflow tank, the lateral wall of overflow tank is equipped with the gap, the gap is connected the one end of guiding gutter, the other end of guiding gutter is outlet and downward sloping setting, the bottom of hatching bucket is convex bottom surface.
2. The artificial large-scale hatching method for Tibet double whisker beard fish eggs according to claim 1, wherein the hatching time of a hatching frame is 35% and the hatching time of an incubator is 65% in the whole hatching process.
3. The method for artificially incubating Tibet double whisker beard fish eggs in large scale according to claim 1, wherein the water flow rate at the bottom of the incubator is 0.1-0.157 m/s.
4. The artificial large-scale hatching method for the eggs of Tibet double-whisker-leaf floaters according to claim 1, wherein the hatching density of the hatcher is 0.3-0.4 ten thousand pieces per liter of water; the water in the incubator is exchanged for 3-5 times every 1 min.
5. The artificial large-scale hatching method for Tibet double-whisker beard fish eggs as claimed in claim 1, wherein a radial support plate is arranged at the upper part in the hatching barrel, an opening for the water inlet pipe to penetrate is arranged at the center of the support plate, and a cavity for water overflow is arranged around the opening.
6. The artificial scale hatching method for the eggs of Tibet double-whisker beard fish according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of blades are uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe in the circumferential direction, and the tail ends of the blades can just abut against the circular arc-shaped bottom surface of the hatching barrel.
7. The artificial scale hatching method for the eggs of Tibet double-whisker beard fish according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the water inlet pipe is 2.0-3.0cm, and the distance from the water outlet of the water inlet pipe to the bottom surface of the hatching barrel is 3 m; the inner diameter of the hatching barrel is 16cm, and the height of the hatching barrel is 46 cm.
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